Fuel Cells最新文献_第7页

Solid oxide electrolysis stack development and upscaling 固体氧化物电解堆的开发和升级

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300056

S. Di Iorio, T. Monnet, G. Palcoux, L. Ceruti, J. Mougin

{"title":"Solid oxide electrolysis stack development and upscaling","authors":"S. Di Iorio, T. Monnet, G. Palcoux, L. Ceruti, J. Mougin","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300056","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300056","url":null,"abstract":"Solid oxide electrolysis is considered an efficient technology to produce hydrogen. To deploy electrolysers at the GW scale, an increase in the individual component size (cells and stacks in particular) is required. The integration of larger cells (200 cm2 active area) into 25-cell stacks has been successfully performed. Performances were in the range of –0.8 to –0.9 A cm−2 at 1.3 V at 700°C. The number of cells has also been increased to 50 and 75 cells. For this latter 75-cell stack, the assembly of three 25-cell substacks was considered. Good gastightness and high performances were achieved, although connections between substacks add a serial resistance that affects the stack total performances. Nevertheless, a current density of more than –0.8 A cm−2 was obtained at 1.3 V and 700°C, consistent with individual substack performances. Finally, a stack made of 50 200 cm2 cells has been assembled. Although a stack deformation was visible due to individual component thickness scattering, a good gastighness was achieved and a current density of –0.9 A cm−2 at 1.3 V and 700°C was measured. The low voltage scattering highlighted a good homogeneity of the fluidic distribution and of the electrical contacts within the stack.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"474-481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138553407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of a solid oxide cell with nickel/gadolinium-doped ceria fuel electrode during operation with hydrogen/steam and carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide 固体氧化物电池与掺杂镍/钆的铈燃料电极在氢/蒸汽和一氧化碳/二氧化碳下运行的比较

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300060

Cedric Grosselindemann, Felix Kullmann, Tibor Lehnert, Oliver Fritz, Franz-Martin Fuchs, André Weber

{"title":"Comparison of a solid oxide cell with nickel/gadolinium-doped ceria fuel electrode during operation with hydrogen/steam and carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide","authors":"Cedric Grosselindemann, Felix Kullmann, Tibor Lehnert, Oliver Fritz, Franz-Martin Fuchs, André Weber","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300060","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300060","url":null,"abstract":"Solid oxide cells (SOCs) offer the possibility to operate on hydrogen/steam (H2/H2O), carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide (CO/CO2), and mixtures thereof in the fuel cell as well as in the electrolyzer mode. In this study, the electrochemical processes in an electrolyte-supported SOC exhibiting a Law Srx Coy Fez O(3-δ) air electrode and a nickel/gadolinium-doped ceria (Ni/CGO) fuel electrode (FE) were analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the subsequent impedance data analysis by the distribution of relaxation times for CO/CO2 fuel mixtures. A physicochemical equivalent circuit model was fitted to the measured spectra. With the help of the extracted parameters, a zero-dimensional direct current cell model was parametrized to simulate the current-voltage behavior of the cell. This approach, previously implemented for H2/H2O fuel mixtures, is extended toward CO/CO2 fuels. It will be shown that the same model – with adapted parameters for the FE – can be applied. A comparison of measured and simulated current-voltage curves showed an excellent agreement for both fuels and operating modes (solid oxide fuel cell/solid oxide electrolyzer cell). Simulations reveal that there is nearly no performance difference between H2O and CO2 electrolysis for the electrolyte-supported cell with Ni/CGO FE in comparison to an anode-supported cell with Ni/yttria-stabilized zirconia FE.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"442-453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fuce.202300060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resolution of Trigger Finger with Electroacupuncture. 用电针治疗扳机指

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1089/acu.2023.0032

Louis A Kazal, Semran Themer

{"title":"Resolution of Trigger Finger with Electroacupuncture.","authors":"Louis A Kazal, Semran Themer","doi":"10.1089/acu.2023.0032","DOIUrl":"10.1089/acu.2023.0032","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Trigger finger (TF; a type of stenosing tenosynovitis) is common, affecting the flexor tendons of the hand, often causing significant pain and functional impairment. Treatment can include splinting, corticosteroid injection, or surgical release. There is little published research on the role of electroacupuncture (EA) for treating TF.Case: After more than 1 year of pain and triggering, a 58 year-old male had locking of his left, fourth ring finger requiring painful manual reduction. EA was performed with 4-6 needles in a rectangular pattern along the radial and ulnar aspects of the A1 pulley of the fourth digit, with 10 Hz delivered in a daisy-chain formation for 45 minutes. Nodule size, frequency of triggering and locking, and severity of pain were assessed before and after 4 treatments over ∼1.5 months.Results: This patient's frequency of locking and severity of pain decreased significantly by 50% after his first treatment. Additional clinically significant reductions of locking, pain, and nodule-size were evident after each treatment along with substantial functional gains between visits. After his fourth treatment, he reported 100% resolution of his symptoms with no further pain or triggering. Throughout this time, he continued his usual activities.Conclusions: EA alone directed at the A1 pulley may be an effective treatment modality for patients with TF. The authors hypothesize that EA may reduce pain enabling a return to normal function and compression of the nodule, thus eliminating triggering. Further research evaluating the efficacy of EA for TF may help substantiate these results.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 1","pages":"342-345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10753943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87480507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and full system testing of novel co-impregnated La0.20Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 anodes for commercial combined heat and power units 商用热电联产装置新型共浸渍La0.20Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3阳极的开发和全系统测试

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300033

Robert Price, Holger Bausinger, Gino Longo, Ueli Weissen, Mark Cassidy, Jan G. Grolig, Andreas Mai, John T. S. Irvine

{"title":"Development and full system testing of novel co-impregnated La0.20Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 anodes for commercial combined heat and power units","authors":"Robert Price, Holger Bausinger, Gino Longo, Ueli Weissen, Mark Cassidy, Jan G. Grolig, Andreas Mai, John T. S. Irvine","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300033","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300033","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decade, the University of St Andrews and HEXIS AG have engaged in a highly successful collaborative project aiming to develop and upscale La0.20Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 (LSCTA-) anode “backbone” microstructures, impregnated with Ce0.80Gd0.20O1.90 (CG20) and metallic electrocatalysts, providing direct benefits in terms of performance and stability over the current state-of-the-art (SoA) Ni-based cermet solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anodes.Here, we present a brief overview of previous work performed in this research project, including short-term, durability, and poison testing of small-scale (1 cm2 area) SOFCs and upscaling to full-sized HEXIS SOFCs (100 cm2 area) in short stacks. Subsequently, recent results from short stack testing of SOFCs containing LSCTA- anodes with a variety of metallic catalyst components (Fe, Mn, Ni, Pd, Pt, Rh, or Ru) will be presented, indicating that only SOFCs containing the Rh catalyst provide comparable degradation rates to the SoA Ni/cerium gadolinium oxide anode, as well as tolerance to harsh overload conditions (which is not exhibited by SoA anodes). Finally, results from full system testing (60 cells within a 1.5 kW electrical power output HEXIS Leonardo FC40A micro-combined heat and power unit), will be outlined, demonstrating the robust and durable nature of these novel oxide electrodes, in addition to their potential for commercialization.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"482-491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fuce.202300033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stainless steel bipolar plates with rectangular micro channels by additive manufacturing: Effect channel width on fuel cell performance 采用增材制造的矩形微通道不锈钢双极板:通道宽度对燃料电池性能的影响

IF 2.8 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300100

Chul Kyu Jin, Jae Hyun Kim, Bong-Seop Lee, Sung Hwan Bae

{"title":"Stainless steel bipolar plates with rectangular micro channels by additive manufacturing: Effect channel width on fuel cell performance","authors":"Chul Kyu Jin, Jae Hyun Kim, Bong-Seop Lee, Sung Hwan Bae","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300100","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300100","url":null,"abstract":"Stainless steel bipolar plates (BPs) fabricated using innovative additive manufacturing techniques can improve fuel cell performance and reduce costs. A high current density can be obtained using a low-cost membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with low platinum (Pt) loading at the anode, along with BPs with rectangular micro channels. Three types of BPs of serpentine flow field are designed after varying the width of the rectangular channel. Two types of MEAs are used. First is 0.12 mg cm−2 Pt loading at anode, and the second is 0.50 mg cm−2. Wherein MEA with Pt loading at 0.12 mg cm−2 is used, a high current density is obtained as the channel width decreases. The BP with 300 µm channels has a current density of 1.205 A cm−2, which is higher by 31.4% than that of BP with 500 µm channels and higher by 70.2% than that of the BP with 940 µm channels. However, when the MEA with Pt loading at 0.50 mg cm−2 is applied to the test, the opposite results are obtained: As the channel width becomes narrow, the current density decreases. In the long-term operation, a similar trend in the current density as that of the short-term operation is observed.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"24 1","pages":"4-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Demonstration and scale-up of high-temperature electrolysis systems 高温电解系统的示范和放大

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300059

Konstantin Schwarze, Thomas Geißler, Michael Nimtz, Robert Blumentritt

{"title":"Demonstration and scale-up of high-temperature electrolysis systems","authors":"Konstantin Schwarze, Thomas Geißler, Michael Nimtz, Robert Blumentritt","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300059","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300059","url":null,"abstract":"High-temperature electrolysis (HTE) is a key to link the electricity sector with other industries and to evolve the electricity transition into a full energy transition. After years of development, HTE is now on the threshold to reach market readiness. The present work shows the latest achievements of Sunfire's development based on the results of the project GrInHy2.0 demonstrating hydrogen production (solid oxide electrolysis cell [SOEC]) in an industrial environment and the project SynLink demonstrating co-electrolysis (Co-SOEC) for renewable synthesis gas production. The GrInHy2.0 system is a 720 kWAC electrolyzer operating in the iron-and-steel works Salzgitter (Germany). It is now in operation for approx. 14,500 h and achieved a mean degradation rate below 23 mOhm cm2 kh−1 and an electrical efficiency of up to 84%LHV. It also proved that HTE now reached industrial-relevant availability of over 90%. While the HTE system in Salzgitter consists of eight modules, a single module was tested in co-electrolysis mode within the project SynLink. It demonstrated synthesis gas generation via Co-SOEC with a flexible H2/CO ratio between 1 and 4. The work provides insight into how HTE will play a major role in the near future to efficiently produce renewable feedstock for an economy with a drastically reduced carbon footprint.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"492-500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fuce.202300059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135728742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructural changes in nickel-ceria fuel electrodes at elevated temperature 镍-铈燃料电极在高温下的微观结构变化

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300057

Yanting Liu, Florian Wankmüller, Tibor Peter Lehnert, Martin Juckel, Norbert H. Menzler, André Weber

{"title":"Microstructural changes in nickel-ceria fuel electrodes at elevated temperature","authors":"Yanting Liu, Florian Wankmüller, Tibor Peter Lehnert, Martin Juckel, Norbert H. Menzler, André Weber","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300057","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300057","url":null,"abstract":"Durability testing of low temperature solid oxide cells is challenging as degradation phenomena related to microstructural changes like nickel-agglomeration are slow. In the present study, a nickel/gadolinia doped ceria (GDC) fuel electrode with a porous GDC-interlayer towards the zirconia electrolyte was investigated. The electrode, designed for operating temperatures of 600°C, was tested at an elevated temperature of 900°C for up to 1100 h to accelerate aging. Contrary to every expectation, the electrodes showed continuous improvement in electrochemical performance. Impedance spectroscopy, the distribution of relaxation times analysis, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were applied to correlate electrochemical and microstructural changes. Structural analysis showed a significant Ni agglomeration accompanied by a decrease in triple phase boundary density. Furthermore, a minor particle growth in the GDC-phase decreased the volume-specific double phase boundary GDC/pore. Considering these microstructural changes, the decrease in active reaction sites should have increased the polarization resistance, but a decrease of about 32% was observed. The discrepancy between polarization resistance improvement and microstructural degradation might be attributed to an activation of the GDC-surfaces in the electrode and the porous GDC-interlayer.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"430-441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fuce.202300057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impedance analysis of electrolyte processes in a solid oxide cell 固体氧化物电池中电解质过程的阻抗分析

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300035

Felix Kullmann, Cedric Grosselindemann, Luis Salamon, Franz-Martin Fuchs, André Weber

引用次数: 0

Benchmark study of performances and durability between different stack technologies for high temperature electrolysis 高温电解不同堆叠技术性能和耐久性的基准研究

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300028

Jerome Aicart, Alexander Surrey, Lucas Champelovier, Kilian Henault, Chistian Geipel, Oliver Posdziech, Julie Mougin

{"title":"Benchmark study of performances and durability between different stack technologies for high temperature electrolysis","authors":"Jerome Aicart, Alexander Surrey, Lucas Champelovier, Kilian Henault, Chistian Geipel, Oliver Posdziech, Julie Mougin","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300028","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300028","url":null,"abstract":"In the current landscape of high temperature electrolysis, mainly two solid oxide cell (SOC) technologies are being used: electrolyte-supported and cathode-supported SOCs. The geometrical differences, namely the thickness of the electrolyte, can lead to vastly different operating temperatures. Since most phenomena affecting performance and durability remain thermally activated, comparing stack technologies can be a difficult endeavor at best.While the most visible goal of the European project MultiPLHY consists of Sunfire GmbH building the first multi-megawatt solid oxide electrolyzer, a work package is being dedicated to stack testing in a laboratory environment. A harmonized protocol was first elaborated to allow comparing different stack technologies. It includes the recording of performance maps, several galvanostatic steps in thermoneutral conditions, as well as load point and thermal cycles. Subsequently, Sunfire operated a pile-up of two 30-cell electrolyte-supported stacks for over 8200 h, while a 25-cell cathode-supported stack was tested at CEA for 6800 h.The present article aims at presenting the findings gathered during the implementation of the protocol. This benchmark study puts forward performance maps as well as voltage and stack temperature profiles over time, and discusses some of the difficulties inherent to long-term testing.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"463-473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135744890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to identify and quantify degradation in commercial solid oxide electrolysis stacks 探索电化学阻抗谱来识别和量化商业固体氧化物电解堆的降解

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-09-17 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300023

Daniel B. Drasbæk, Peter Blennow, Thomas Heiredal-Clausen, Jeppe Rass-Hansen, Giovanni Perin, Jens V. T. Høgh, Anne Hauch

{"title":"Exploring electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to identify and quantify degradation in commercial solid oxide electrolysis stacks","authors":"Daniel B. Drasbæk, Peter Blennow, Thomas Heiredal-Clausen, Jeppe Rass-Hansen, Giovanni Perin, Jens V. T. Høgh, Anne Hauch","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300023","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300023","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present a case where electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on stack level enabled the identification of degradation and failure mechanisms in a 75-cell solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) stack from Topsoe. In a blind test, a defective stack (stack not passing the quality control specifications) prone to degradation was investigated with EIS. The type of stack defects was not known a priori. The purpose of the stack EIS experiment was hence to serve as a proof-of-concept of using EIS on the stack level for identifying degradation mechanisms. An appropriate equivalent circuit model was applied and fitted to the experimentally obtained EIS data, which enabled the quantification of the different electrochemical contributions. We hereby identified which electrochemical contribution(s) to the overall stack resistance caused the stack to degrade. Furthermore, the data was plotted in a degradation space format, which further strengthened the identification of the cause of degradation. In this work, we are exploring and utilizing the potential of advanced EIS characterization and analysis; thereby successfully identifying some of the degradation and failure mechanisms taking place in the SOEC stack. This detailed type of degradation analysis has, to the best of my knowledge, not previously reported on the commercial stack level.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"454-462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135259372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0