Fuel Cells最新文献_第7页

Demonstration and scale-up of high-temperature electrolysis systems 高温电解系统的示范和规模化

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300059

Konstantin Schwarze, Thomas Geißler, Michael Nimtz, Robert Blumentritt

{"title":"Demonstration and scale-up of high-temperature electrolysis systems","authors":"Konstantin Schwarze, Thomas Geißler, Michael Nimtz, Robert Blumentritt","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300059","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300059","url":null,"abstract":"High-temperature electrolysis (HTE) is a key to link the electricity sector with other industries and to evolve the electricity transition into a full energy transition. After years of development, HTE is now on the threshold to reach market readiness. The present work shows the latest achievements of Sunfire's development based on the results of the project GrInHy2.0 demonstrating hydrogen production (solid oxide electrolysis cell [SOEC]) in an industrial environment and the project SynLink demonstrating co-electrolysis (Co-SOEC) for renewable synthesis gas production. The GrInHy2.0 system is a 720 kWAC electrolyzer operating in the iron-and-steel works Salzgitter (Germany). It is now in operation for approx. 14,500 h and achieved a mean degradation rate below 23 mOhm cm2 kh−1 and an electrical efficiency of up to 84%LHV. It also proved that HTE now reached industrial-relevant availability of over 90%. While the HTE system in Salzgitter consists of eight modules, a single module was tested in co-electrolysis mode within the project SynLink. It demonstrated synthesis gas generation via Co-SOEC with a flexible H2/CO ratio between 1 and 4. The work provides insight into how HTE will play a major role in the near future to efficiently produce renewable feedstock for an economy with a drastically reduced carbon footprint.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"492-500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fuce.202300059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135728742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructural changes in nickel-ceria fuel electrodes at elevated temperature 镍-铈燃料电极在高温下的微观结构变化

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300057

Yanting Liu, Florian Wankmüller, Tibor Peter Lehnert, Martin Juckel, Norbert H. Menzler, André Weber

{"title":"Microstructural changes in nickel-ceria fuel electrodes at elevated temperature","authors":"Yanting Liu, Florian Wankmüller, Tibor Peter Lehnert, Martin Juckel, Norbert H. Menzler, André Weber","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300057","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300057","url":null,"abstract":"Durability testing of low temperature solid oxide cells is challenging as degradation phenomena related to microstructural changes like nickel-agglomeration are slow. In the present study, a nickel/gadolinia doped ceria (GDC) fuel electrode with a porous GDC-interlayer towards the zirconia electrolyte was investigated. The electrode, designed for operating temperatures of 600°C, was tested at an elevated temperature of 900°C for up to 1100 h to accelerate aging. Contrary to every expectation, the electrodes showed continuous improvement in electrochemical performance. Impedance spectroscopy, the distribution of relaxation times analysis, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were applied to correlate electrochemical and microstructural changes. Structural analysis showed a significant Ni agglomeration accompanied by a decrease in triple phase boundary density. Furthermore, a minor particle growth in the GDC-phase decreased the volume-specific double phase boundary GDC/pore. Considering these microstructural changes, the decrease in active reaction sites should have increased the polarization resistance, but a decrease of about 32% was observed. The discrepancy between polarization resistance improvement and microstructural degradation might be attributed to an activation of the GDC-surfaces in the electrode and the porous GDC-interlayer.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"430-441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fuce.202300057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impedance analysis of electrolyte processes in a solid oxide cell 固体氧化物电池中电解质过程的阻抗分析

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300035

Felix Kullmann, Cedric Grosselindemann, Luis Salamon, Franz-Martin Fuchs, André Weber

引用次数: 0

Benchmark study of performances and durability between different stack technologies for high temperature electrolysis 高温电解不同堆叠技术性能和耐久性的基准研究

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300028

Jerome Aicart, Alexander Surrey, Lucas Champelovier, Kilian Henault, Chistian Geipel, Oliver Posdziech, Julie Mougin

{"title":"Benchmark study of performances and durability between different stack technologies for high temperature electrolysis","authors":"Jerome Aicart, Alexander Surrey, Lucas Champelovier, Kilian Henault, Chistian Geipel, Oliver Posdziech, Julie Mougin","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300028","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300028","url":null,"abstract":"In the current landscape of high temperature electrolysis, mainly two solid oxide cell (SOC) technologies are being used: electrolyte-supported and cathode-supported SOCs. The geometrical differences, namely the thickness of the electrolyte, can lead to vastly different operating temperatures. Since most phenomena affecting performance and durability remain thermally activated, comparing stack technologies can be a difficult endeavor at best.While the most visible goal of the European project MultiPLHY consists of Sunfire GmbH building the first multi-megawatt solid oxide electrolyzer, a work package is being dedicated to stack testing in a laboratory environment. A harmonized protocol was first elaborated to allow comparing different stack technologies. It includes the recording of performance maps, several galvanostatic steps in thermoneutral conditions, as well as load point and thermal cycles. Subsequently, Sunfire operated a pile-up of two 30-cell electrolyte-supported stacks for over 8200 h, while a 25-cell cathode-supported stack was tested at CEA for 6800 h.The present article aims at presenting the findings gathered during the implementation of the protocol. This benchmark study puts forward performance maps as well as voltage and stack temperature profiles over time, and discusses some of the difficulties inherent to long-term testing.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"463-473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135744890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to identify and quantify degradation in commercial solid oxide electrolysis stacks 探索电化学阻抗谱来识别和量化商业固体氧化物电解堆的降解

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-09-17 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300023

Daniel B. Drasbæk, Peter Blennow, Thomas Heiredal-Clausen, Jeppe Rass-Hansen, Giovanni Perin, Jens V. T. Høgh, Anne Hauch

{"title":"Exploring electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to identify and quantify degradation in commercial solid oxide electrolysis stacks","authors":"Daniel B. Drasbæk, Peter Blennow, Thomas Heiredal-Clausen, Jeppe Rass-Hansen, Giovanni Perin, Jens V. T. Høgh, Anne Hauch","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300023","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300023","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present a case where electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on stack level enabled the identification of degradation and failure mechanisms in a 75-cell solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) stack from Topsoe. In a blind test, a defective stack (stack not passing the quality control specifications) prone to degradation was investigated with EIS. The type of stack defects was not known a priori. The purpose of the stack EIS experiment was hence to serve as a proof-of-concept of using EIS on the stack level for identifying degradation mechanisms. An appropriate equivalent circuit model was applied and fitted to the experimentally obtained EIS data, which enabled the quantification of the different electrochemical contributions. We hereby identified which electrochemical contribution(s) to the overall stack resistance caused the stack to degrade. Furthermore, the data was plotted in a degradation space format, which further strengthened the identification of the cause of degradation. In this work, we are exploring and utilizing the potential of advanced EIS characterization and analysis; thereby successfully identifying some of the degradation and failure mechanisms taking place in the SOEC stack. This detailed type of degradation analysis has, to the best of my knowledge, not previously reported on the commercial stack level.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"454-462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135259372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxygen diffusion and surface exchange coefficients measurements under high pressure: Comparative behavior of oxygen deficient versus over-stoichiometric air electrode materials 高压下氧扩散和表面交换系数的测量:缺氧与超化学计量空气电极材料的比较行为

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300048

Jérôme Laurencin, Jacinthe Gamon, Aurélien Flura, Giuseppe Sdanghi, Sébastien Fourcade, Vaibhav Vibhu, Jean-Marc Bassat

{"title":"Oxygen diffusion and surface exchange coefficients measurements under high pressure: Comparative behavior of oxygen deficient versus over-stoichiometric air electrode materials","authors":"Jérôme Laurencin, Jacinthe Gamon, Aurélien Flura, Giuseppe Sdanghi, Sébastien Fourcade, Vaibhav Vibhu, Jean-Marc Bassat","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300048","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300048","url":null,"abstract":"Mixed ionic electronic conductors (MIECs) oxides are used as electrode materials for solid oxide cell (SOC) application, as they combine high electronic conductivity as well as high oxygen diffusivity and oxygen surface exchange coefficients. The ionic transport properties can be directly determined thanks to the isotopic exchange depth profiling (IEDP) method. To date, the reported measurements have been performed at ambient pressure and below. However, for a higher efficiency of hydrogen production at the system level, it is envisaged to operate the cell between 10 and 60 bar. To characterize the MIEC oxides properties in such conditions, an innovative setup able to operate up to a total pressure of 50 bar and 900°C has been developed. The main goal of this study was to compare the behavior of two types of reference materials: the oxygen deficient La-Sr-Fe-Co perovskites, and the overstoichiometric lanthanide nickelates Ln2NiO4+δ (Ln = La, Pr, Nd). Diffusion and surface exchange coefficients obtained under 6.3 bar of oxygen are measured and their evolution discussed in light of the change in oxygen stoichiometries. This analysis allows better understanding of the dependency of the surface exchange coefficient with the oxygen partial pressure.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"366-376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fuce.202300048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42000975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pr- and Co-substitution in rare earth nickelates: Application as SOEC air electrodes 稀土镍酸盐中的Pr和Co取代：用作SOEC空气电极

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300037

Andreas Egger, Sarah Eisbacher-Lubensky, Kathrin Sampl, Vanja Subotić, Christoph Hochenauer, Werner Sitte, Edith Bucher

{"title":"Pr- and Co-substitution in rare earth nickelates: Application as SOEC air electrodes","authors":"Andreas Egger, Sarah Eisbacher-Lubensky, Kathrin Sampl, Vanja Subotić, Christoph Hochenauer, Werner Sitte, Edith Bucher","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300037","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300037","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, fundamental material properties of compounds in the system (La,Pr)2(Ni,Co)O4+δ as well as their performance as air electrodes in solid oxide electrolysis cells were investigated. Nickelates co-doped with Pr and Co were characterized on a material basis by means of X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry. Conductivity and conductivity relaxation measurements were performed in order to obtain the electronic conductivity as well as the chemical surface exchange coefficient and the chemical diffusion coefficient of oxygen as a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure. These parameters can be regarded as the most essential properties at the material level required to assess the suitability of mixed ionic-electronic conducting ceramics for application as air electrode in solid oxide cells. The electrode performance of the materials was then tested on fuel electrode-supported button cells at 800°C. The electrodes were applied by screen-printing and the effect of varying the Pr-content and Co-content of the electrode powder was investigated. Cell tests were performed by means of current-voltage measurements in electrolysis mode. While no significant impact of Pr-doping on the investigated material properties was observed, the electrode performance of Pr-containing materials was significantly better than for the Pr-free compound, which has been discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"387-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fuce.202300037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43158860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LSF films formed on YSZ electrolytes via polymeric precursor deposition for solid oxide fuel cell anode applications 通过聚合物前驱体沉积在YSZ电解质上形成LSF膜，用于固体氧化物燃料电池阳极

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300153

Buse Bilbey, M. Imran Asghar, Leyla Colakerol Arslan, Peter D. Lund, Aligul Büyükaksoy

{"title":"LSF films formed on YSZ electrolytes via polymeric precursor deposition for solid oxide fuel cell anode applications","authors":"Buse Bilbey, M. Imran Asghar, Leyla Colakerol Arslan, Peter D. Lund, Aligul Büyükaksoy","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300153","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300153","url":null,"abstract":"Different materials have been applied as anode in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Perovskite structured materials are promising as an alternative electrode material to Ni. Here, we investigated perovskite-structured mixed ionic and electronic conducting material, lanthanum strontium ferrite (LSF), which has typically been used as a cathode material. LSF has also shown potential for an anode in SOFC. LSF films with two different compositions, La0.6Sr0.4FeO3 (6LSF) and La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 (8LSF) were fabricated by a polymeric precursor method. The effects of the phase content, surface chemistry, and microstructure on the anode performance were investigated. It was found that a mixture of the Ruddlesden–Popper phase, SrCO3 phases, and rhombohedral perovskite exists in both cell structures. Both cells had Ruddlesden–Popper and SrCO3 phases at their surface, in addition to the rhombohedral perovskite. Symmetrical half-cell measurements showed that the polarization resistance of 6LSF (0.34 Ω cm2) is lower than that of 8LSF (0.47 Ω cm2), mostly because of its highly porous microstructure as a result of slower A-site diffusion rates induced by higher Sr content.The symmetrical 6LSF fuel and air electrodes exhibited ASRelectrode values of 0.34 and 0.14 Ω cm2, respectively, at 800 ˚C.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"399-407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47195698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical microstructural optimization for the hydrogen electrode of solid oxide cells 固体氧化物电池氢电极的数值微观结构优化

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300029

Manon Prioux, Eduardo Da Rosa Silva, Maxime Hubert, Julien Vulliet, Johan Debayle, Peter Cloetens, Jérôme Laurencin

{"title":"Numerical microstructural optimization for the hydrogen electrode of solid oxide cells","authors":"Manon Prioux, Eduardo Da Rosa Silva, Maxime Hubert, Julien Vulliet, Johan Debayle, Peter Cloetens, Jérôme Laurencin","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300029","url":null,"abstract":"A multiscale model has been used to optimize the microstructure of a classical hydrogen electrode made of nickel and yttria-stabilized zirconia (Ni-8YSZ). For this purpose, a 3D reconstruction of a reference electrode has been obtained by X-ray nano-holotomography. Then, a large dataset of synthetic microstructures has been generated around this reference with the truncated Gaussian random field method, varying the ratio Ni/8YSZ and the Ni particle size. All the synthetic microstructures have been introduced in a multiscale modeling approach to analyze the impact of the microstructure on the electrode and cell responses. The local electrode polarization resistance in the hydrogen electrode, as well as the complete cell impedance spectra, have been computed for the different microstructures. A significant performance improvement was found when decreasing the Ni particle size distribution. Moreover, an optimum has been identified in terms of electrode composition allowing the minimization of the cell polarization resistance. The same methodology has been also applied to assess the relevance of graded electrodes. All these results allow a better understanding of the precise role of microstructure on cell performances and provide useful guidance for cell manufacturing.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"408-419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47495214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical and microstructural characterization of the high-entropy perovskite La0.2Pr0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Sr0.2CoO3-δ for solid oxide cell air electrodes 固体氧化物电池空气电极用高熵钙钛矿La0.2Pr0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Sr0.2CoO3‐δ的电化学和微观结构表征

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

Fuel Cells Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.1002/fuce.202300036

Patrick Pretschuh, Andreas Egger, Roland Brunner, Edith Bucher

{"title":"Electrochemical and microstructural characterization of the high-entropy perovskite La0.2Pr0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Sr0.2CoO3-δ for solid oxide cell air electrodes","authors":"Patrick Pretschuh, Andreas Egger, Roland Brunner, Edith Bucher","doi":"10.1002/fuce.202300036","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fuce.202300036","url":null,"abstract":"Strontium segregation (coupled to phase decomposition and impurity poisoning) and electrode delamination are two of the most important degradation mechanisms currently limiting the long-term stability of solid oxide fuel cell and electrolysis cell (SOFC and SOEC) air electrodes. The present study aims to demonstrate that air electrodes made of entropy-stabilized multi-component oxides can mitigate these degradation mechanisms while providing excellent cell performance. A SOEC utilizing La0.2Pr0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Sr0.2CoO3-δ (LPNSSC) as an air electrode delivers −1.56 A/cm2 at 1.2 V at 800°C. This performance exceeds that of a commercial cell with La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ (LSC) air electrode, which reaches −1.43 A/cm2. In a long-term electrolysis test, the LPNSSC cell shows stable performance during 700 h, while the LSC cell degrades continuously. Post-mortem analyses by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicate complete delamination of the LSC electrode, while LPNSSC shows excellent adhesion. The amount of secondary phases formed (esp. SrSO4) is also much lower in LPNSSC compared to LSC. In conclusion, the high-entropy perovskite LPNSSC is a promising option for air electrodes of solid oxide cells. While LPNSSC can compete with ‒ or even outperform ‒ LSC air electrodes in terms of electrochemical performance, it could be particularly advantageous in terms of long-term stability in SOEC mode.","PeriodicalId":12566,"journal":{"name":"Fuel Cells","volume":"23 6","pages":"377-386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fuce.202300036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45216817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0