General Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Agomelatine as augmentation therapy with second-generation antipsychotics for negative symptoms of schizophrenia: An open-label randomised clinical trial and electroencephalogram-derived model for treatment response prediction.","authors":"Wanyan Zhou, Fei Liang, Nizhe Chen, Yao Zhang, Xiaoxiao Wang, Xin Li, Daofeng Lu, Fang Guo, Yuan Yao, Jiayu Zhu, Chengjia Shen, Chongze Wang, Peiyun Zhang, Lilan Zhao, Ying Wang, Jinyu Han, Wei Li, Haisu Wu, Peijuan Wang, Qi Yan, Ping Zhang, Qinyu Lv, Zhenghui Yi","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70045","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Negative symptoms are a core diagnostic domain of schizophrenia that affect functional outcomes and remain difficult to treat. Agomelatine, a novel antidepressant with melatonin receptor agonism and serotonin 2C receptor antagonism, may have therapeutic potential.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of agomelatine combined with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in reducing negative symptoms and to explore electroencephalogram (EEG)-based biomarkers for predicting treatment response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An open-label randomised parallel-group clinical trial was conducted at the Shanghai Mental Health Centre (December 2022 to September 2023), enrolling outpatient adults with schizophrenia and prominent negative symptoms, defined as a positive and negative syndrome scale factor score for negative symptoms (PANSS-FSNS) higher than a PANSS factor score for positive symptoms (PANSS-FSPS); PANSS-FSNS ≥ 24; 7 < PANSS-FSPS ≤ 28; at least two of three core PANSS negative symptoms ≥ 4 and a Calgary depression scale for schizophrenia score ≤ 18. Patients were randomised (1:1) using a random number table to a group receiving agomelatine (25 mg/day) plus SGAs or a group receiving SGAs alone for 12 weeks. Outcome assessors were blinded after assignment to interventions. The primary outcome was the change in score in the negative symptom factor score (NSFS) at 12 weeks. Longitudinal changes were assessed using linear mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-four patients were enrolled, with an agomelatine augmentation group (<i>n</i> = 37) and a control group (<i>n</i> = 37). The agomelatine augmentation group demonstrated significantly lower scores on the NSFS compared to the control group starting from Week 8 (estimated marginal mean [EMM] difference = -1.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] -3.00 to -0.59, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and sustaining through Week 12 (EMM difference = -2.65, 95% CI -3.86 to -1.44, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Exploratory support vector machine (SVM) models demonstrated high classification performance in distinguishing treatment responders from non-responders (area under the curve = 0.91), highlighting notable EEG changes in the left frontotemporal region.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Agomelatine augmentation significantly improves negative symptoms, encompassing affective deficits, expressive impairments and social-withdrawal-related symptoms. EEG-based SVM models suggest potential utility for informing future personalised treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT05646264.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 5","pages":"e70045"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13581680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 as a novel Alzheimer's disease biomarker associated with neuroinflammation and Aβ pathology.","authors":"Jianping Li, Chenhui Ji, Jintao Wang, Jinwen Xiao, Haixia Li, Xinyi Xie, Nan Zhi, Yaying Song, Wenwei Cao, Liling Wang, Jieli Geng, Rujing Ren, Gang Wang","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70052","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically defined by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, hyperphosphorylated tau tangles and sustained neuroinflammation. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), originally characterised as an incretin hormone, is also expressed endogenously in the brain. Although GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have demonstrated compelling neuroprotective effects in preclinical AD models, their efficacy in human clinical trials has, thus far, been inconsistent and limited. Moreover, the physiological role and dynamics of endogenous GLP-1 during AD progression remain poorly understood, with studies reporting conflicting findings across different patient cohorts.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to characterise serum GLP-1 levels across the Alzheimer's disease cognitive continuum and to examine their associations with neuroinflammation, Aβ pathology, tau pathology, brain atrophy and cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed two independent cohorts (Renji: <i>n</i> = 123; SheMountain: <i>n</i> = 127), including participants with cognitive unimpairment, mild cognitive impairment and AD dementia. Serum biomarkers (GLP-1, glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], Aβ40, Aβ42 and tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 [pTau217]) were quantified, along with <i>APOE</i> genotyping, neuropsychological assessments, brain magnetic resonance imaging and Aβ-PET imaging. Postmortem brain tissue GLP-1 expression was analysed in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HP). Statistical analyses included partial correlations, mediation analysis and machine learning models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GLP-1 levels were significantly elevated in both brain tissue and serum of patients with AD compared to controls, with concentrations increasing progressively from cognitively normal individuals through mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD dementia. Serum GLP-1 negatively correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) cognitive performance and positively correlated with GFAP, pTau217 and brain amyloid burden. Serial mediation analysis suggested that GLP-1 and GFAP were statistically positioned along the association between amyloid burden and tau pathology. Machine learning models combining GLP-1 with other biomarkers achieved diagnostic performance (area under the curve = 0.896).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The elevation of endogenous GLP-1 in Alzheimer's disease likely represents a compensatory yet ultimately insufficient response to the underlying pathology. It functions as a multidimensional biomarker, reflecting the integrated neuroinflammatory burden, amyloid deposition and clinical disease severity, and may have potential utility in diagnostic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 5","pages":"e70052"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13528448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-planned reappraisal via implementation intention down-regulates emotional experiences of youth with self-reported depressive symptoms.","authors":"Shengdong Chen, Li Luo, Xiling Zhang, Jiemin Yang, Tao Wang, Jiajin Yuan","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70051","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive reappraisal is an emotion-regulation strategy that involves altering the emotional impact of a situation by changing its appraisal. However, individuals with depressive symptoms often struggle to deploy momentary cognitive reappraisal during emotional encounters due to impaired cognitive control. Pre-planned reappraisal formed through implementation intentions, that is, a strategy rehearsed in advance to activate automatically upon emotional triggers, may offer a more efficient alternative.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study examined whether pre-planned cognitive reappraisal via implementation intentions more effectively reduces negative emotional experience in youth with depressive symptoms than momentary reappraisal, and whether these effects persist after short-term re-exposure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomised, single-blind and three-arm experiment was conducted from 10 December 2021 to 19 December 2021 at Southwest University in China. Following screening with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), 64 undergraduate students with depressive symptoms (score ≥ 20) and 64 without depressive symptoms (score ≤ 10) were enrolled. Participants were randomly allocated to one of three experimental conditions: passive watching of emotional stimuli, momentary reappraisal (reinterpreting the meaning of a sad face upon presentation) or pre-planned reappraisal (applying a pre-trained reappraisal framework before stimulus presentation). The formal experiment included an emotion elicitation and regulation task, a 20-min interval during which participants completed questionnaires and a re-exposure phase in which all groups passively viewed novel sad faces. Subjective emotional experiences were measured using the nine-point self-assessment manikin (SAM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pre-planned reappraisal produced significantly less negative valence and lower arousal ratings for sad faces than passive watching in both participants with and without depressive symptoms. Momentary reappraisal only reduced negative emotional ratings in participants without depressive symptoms, but not those with depressive symptoms. During re-exposure, only prior pre-planned reappraisal yielded sustained reductions in negative emotional ratings. Participants with depressive symptoms also reported greater perceived benefit from pre-planned than from momentary reappraisal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with momentary reappraisal, pre-planned cognitive reappraisal via implementation intentions produced stronger and more short-term sustained effects among youth with depressive symptoms, supporting its potential use in low-cost self-regulation interventions and clinical cognitive therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 5","pages":"e70051"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13581676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert appraisal of criteria for nonhuman primate substance use disorder models: An international Delphi study.","authors":"Hang Su, Rongwei Zhai, Wenlei Zhang, Shuxin Shao, Pingyuan Yang, Jiahui Zhou, Zijing Wang, Chengjie Tang, Haifeng Jiang, Zhi-Qi Xiong, Min Zhao","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70065","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A persistent challenge in substance use disorder (SUD) research is that no single animal model can fully recapitulate the multidimensional clinical features of the human disorder. Although nonhuman primates (NHPs) may provide greater translational relevance for modelling complex cognitive and behavioural features, there is currently no consensus on the core criteria for defining and evaluating NHP models of SUD.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The Delphi approach used in this study aims to investigate expert perspectives in the field of SUD and to establish consensus on developing an NHP model that encompasses the core clinical features of SUD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used a Delphi approach to survey a pool of international experts in the field and reach a broad consensus through iterative consultation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty experts were invited to participate in the survey; 25 agreed to participate, and 21 completed the first round and were included in the study. The first round discussed 12 potential diagnostic criteria items, and the second round discussed 8 items. The results showed that three items were deemed 'very important' or 'extremely important' and consistency remained stable after two survey rounds: (1) the subject spent more time or effort trying to procure the drug than the expected normative value; (2) the subject had high motivation (craving) to use the drug; and (3) relapse.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study used the Delphi method to develop a subset of criteria for the NHP SUD model. This offers guidance for present and future researchers utilising NHP models to investigate the mechanisms of SUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 5","pages":"e70065"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens and anterior limb of internal capsule in a paediatric patient with autism spectrum disorder: A case report and literature review.","authors":"Xin Zhang, Jingchuan Wu, Zhimin Zhao, Liqin Lang, Weiliang Hou, Ankang Hu, Zhiyuan Sheng, Zhen Wang, Min Shen, Chunxin Xu, Mei Lv, Yangyang Lu, Ying Mao, Liang Chen","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 5","pages":"e70063"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149080414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in subjective cognitive impairment among Chinese patients with depression: A large-scale cross-sectional study.","authors":"Chongze Wang, Yao Zhang, Nizhe Chen, Xiaoxiao Wang, Jiayu Zhu, Chengjia Shen, Xin Li, Daofeng Lu, Fang Guo, Yuan Yao, Wanyan Zhou, Haisu Wu, Peiyun Zhang, Fei Jiang, Qi Yan, Fei Liang, Lilan Zhao, Wei Li, Yuan Wang, Ying Wang, Jinyu Han, Chunlian Wang, Yan Sun, Peijuan Wang, Ping Zhang, Haiming Sun, Qinyu Lv, Zhenghui Yi","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps3.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive impairment is common in major depressive disorder (MDD) and is associated with impaired social functioning and an increased risk of relapse. Although sex differences in MDD are well documented, their specific role in subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and related clinical correlates remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to examine sex differences in SCI and its associated clinical risk factors within a large cohort of Chinese patients with MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 2298 adults with MDD (665 males, 1633 females; mean [standard deviation] age, 30.88 [10.33] years). Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected electronically. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms, Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms, 20-item Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D-20) for SCI and 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) for alexithymia. Analysis of covariance and binary logistic regression were used to analyse sex differences in SCI and associated factors. Interaction analyses assessed whether these associations differed by sex, and sensitivity analyses used a more stringent SCI cutoff. The Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction was applied to account for multiple testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2298 participants, 67.9% (<i>n</i> = 1561) met the criterion for SCI. Females had significantly higher PDQ-D-20 scores than males (adjusted mean, 31.65 vs. 30.06; <i>F</i> = 6.25, <i>p</i> = 0.013) and a higher prevalence of SCI (69.8% vs. 63.3%, <i>χ</i> ² = 9.17, <i>p</i> = 0.002). In both sexes, SCI was associated with TAS-20 scores (males: odds ratio [OR] = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.10; females: OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.06-1.09) and PHQ-9 scores (males: OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.11-1.24; females: OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.08-1.16) (all <i>p</i> < 0.001; <i>p</i>-FDR < 0.001). GAD-7 scores were associated with SCI only among female patients (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.09; <i>p</i> = 0.008; <i>p</i>-FDR = 0.014), and this finding remained robust in sensitivity analyses. No interaction with sex was significant in the primary analysis (all <i>p</i> > 0.05), but a significant sex × TAS-20 interaction was observed under the more stringent cutoff (OR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06; <i>p</i> = 0.024; <i>p</i>-FDR = 0.036).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identifies significant sex differences in SCI among Chinese patients with MDD. Female patients reported greater SCI, and anxiety symptoms were associated with SCI only in the female subgroup. These findings support further investigation of sex-sensitive approaches to assessing and managing cognitive complaints in MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 5","pages":"e70066"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paving the way for integrating genetic testing into clinical care in childhood-onset schizophrenia.","authors":"Arnaud Fernandez, Philippe Auby, Boris Chaumette, Gaelle Laure, Susanne Thümmler, Florence Askenazy","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70057","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 5","pages":"e70057"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13548398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase-specific networks of job stress, anxiety and insomnia during acute crisis and chronic strain: A citywide study of public health nurses in Shanghai.","authors":"Quyige Gao, Fan Hu, Ruijie Chang, Shangbin Liu, Chen Xu, Xin Ge, Birong Wu, Shunyu Tao, Yujie Liu, Rui Li, Lin Wang, Jun Ma, Yong Cai","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70064","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychological distress among public health nurses (PHNs) during major public health emergencies may vary across response phases, from acute crisis to prolonged chronic strain. Although the mental health consequences of sustained emergency response are well documented, evidence on how symptom connectivity patterns differ across acute and chronic phases remains limited.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to compare symptom centrality and connectivity patterns of job stress, anxiety and insomnia among PHNs during acute crisis and chronic strain and to identify phase-specific associations that may inform tailored intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a city-wide, two-wave census survey of PHNs across all 249 community health centres in Shanghai, China. Data were collected during the acute crisis phase (October-November 2022; <i>n</i> = 1565) and the chronic strain phase (November 2023-January 2024; <i>n</i> = 1718), with response rates exceeding 96% at both waves. Validated instruments were used to assess job stress, anxiety and insomnia. Undirected symptom networks were estimated using graphical least absolute shrinkage and selection operator models to characterise symptom connectivity patterns, whereas Bayesian network modelling was used to explore conditional probabilistic dependencies among symptoms. Exploratory subgroup analyses examined network heterogeneity by age and working hours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall psychological distress was lower during the chronic strain phase than during the acute crisis phase; however, symptom-level connectivity patterns differed between the two phases, with notable differences in centrality. Conflicting responsibilities and limited opportunity to draw on prior experience and training showed stable metric-specific centrality across both phases. During the acute phase, network centrality was anchored by operational instability-including unclear roles and high effort demands-alongside anxiety-related hyperarousal. During chronic strain, the most central nodes were characterised by sustained workload burden and impaired recovery, such as difficulty relaxing. Bayesian models consistently positioned work-related stressors at upstream positions within the distress architecture. Subgroup analyses revealed that symptoms were more tightly interconnected among younger PHNs (< 36 years) during acute crisis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The psychological architecture of workforce distress is phase-specific; therefore, 'one-size-fits-all' interventions are inadequate. Interventions should prioritise operational clarity during acute crises and workload management and recovery support during prolonged strain. Integrating these phase-adapted strategies into public health systems may help sustain a resilient frontline workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 5","pages":"e70064"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149080399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurophysiological subtyping of schizophrenia reveals a reproducible phenotype with temporoparietal circuit disruptions.","authors":"Yue Ding, Xingxing Li, Junlin Liu, Guolin Jin, Weiwen Tian, Tifei Yuan, Wei Wu, Dongsheng Zhou","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70047","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heterogeneity in schizophrenia (SCZ) remains a major obstacle to the development of effective treatment.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to identify reproducible neurobiological subtypes of SCZ using source-localised, high-density resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) functional connectivity patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed high-density resting-state EEG data from a discovery dataset of 86 patients with SCZ and an independent replication dataset of 89 patients. We applied a sparse <i>k</i>-means clustering algorithm to power envelope correlations, computed across five frequency bands and two resting conditions in the source space. Subtype stability was rigorously assessed using split-half validation and cross-cohort replication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis consistently identified two reproducible SCZ subtypes. One subtype was characterised by significant temporoparietal disconnection compared with healthy controls, while the second subtype exhibited a relatively preserved functional connectivity pattern. These subtypes were stable within the cohort and successfully replicated in the independent dataset. Crucially, connectivity features significantly predicted symptom severity, but this association was specific to the more disconnected subtype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Source-space EEG connectivity enables the identification of robust, reproducible, and mechanistically distinct subtypes of SCZ. These findings highlight underlying neurobiological heterogeneity that is not captured by standard clinical assessments and suggest that these subtypes may provide a basis for future biomarker development and patient stratification studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 5","pages":"e70047"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13552662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploration in mental health care: The launch of China's first psychiatric noninvasive brain-computer interface (BCI) and neuromodulation clinic.","authors":"Yanyan Wei, Huiru Cui, Junjuan Zhu, Chengfeng Chen, Zhenying Qian, Dan Zhang, Jijun Wang, Tianhong Zhang","doi":"10.1002/gps3.70069","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gps3.70069","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"39 5","pages":"e70069"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}