General Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"National trends of mental health and service utilisation among international students in the USA, 2015-2024.","authors":"Yusen Zhai, Yiying Xiong, Mahmood Almaawali, Xihe Tian, Xue Du","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102124","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>International students contribute to the academic and economic vitality of US higher education while facing exacerbated mental health challenges. Little is known about national trends in anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation and mental health service utilisation in this population.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study examined national trends in the prevalence of clinically significant anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation and service utilisation among international students in US higher education from 2015 to 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This repeated cross-sectional study analysed annual data from the Healthy Minds Study, a national survey of collegiate mental health, including 44 560 international students. Weighted prevalence estimates were calculated, and multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine temporal trends, controlling for demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weighted annual prevalence of anxiety increased by 78.25% (from 20.46% in 2015-2016 to 36.47% in 2023-2024), depression increased by 73.04% (from 20.44% to 35.37%), suicidal ideation increased by 92.52% (from 5.35% to 10.30%) and service utilisation increased by 45.82% (from 5.26% to 7.67%). In logistic models controlling for demographic characteristics, the increasing trends in anxiety (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.21; 95% CI 2.07 to 2.36; p<0.001), depression (aOR 1.93; 95% CI 1.80 to 2.06; p<0.001), suicidal ideation (aOR 1.57; 95% CI 1.41 to 1.74; p<0.001) and service utilisation (aOR 2.01; 95% CI 1.79 to 2.26; p<0.001) remained statistically significant over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation nearly doubled among international students from 2015 to 2024, while counselling service utilisation increased at a slower rate, indicating persistent gaps in mental healthcare. These findings suggest the need for proactive interventions, culturally competent services and expanded outreach efforts to bridge the mental health service gap for international students.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"38 5","pages":"e102124"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12496057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital mental health interventions: a future solution to the challenges in children's mental health services in China.","authors":"Wenyan Zhang, Tianyuan Lei, Yonghua Cui","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102096","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"38 5","pages":"e102096"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing school refusal behaviour in Chinese children and adolescents.","authors":"Junyi Xie, Wenhong Cheng, Yifeng Xu, Hao Yao","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102079","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"38 5","pages":"e102079"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12458648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Impact of twice-a-day transcranial direct current stimulation intervention on cognitive function and motor cortex plasticity in patients with Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101166corr1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2023-101166corr1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2023-101166.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"38 5","pages":"e101166corr1"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12458641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of biomarker signatures for suicide risk in hospitalised patients with major depressive disorders: a multicentre study in Shanghai.","authors":"Enzhao Zhu, Jiayi Wang, Zheya Cai, Guoquan Zhou, Chunbo Li, Fazhan Chen, Kang Ju, Liangliang Chen, Yichao Yin, Yi Chen, Yanping Zhang, Siqi Liu, Xu Zhang, Jianmeng Dai, Qianyi Yu, Jianping Qiu, Hui Wang, Weizhong Shi, Feng Wang, Dong Wang, Zhihao Chen, Jiaojiao Hou, Hui Li, Zisheng Ai","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101957","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biomarkers for predicting suicide risk in hospitalised patients with mental disorders have been understudied. Currently, suicide risk assessment tools based on objective indicators are limited in China.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine the value of various biomarkers in suicide risk prediction and develop a risk assessment model with clinical utility using machine learning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study analysed patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who were hospitalised for the first time between January 2016 and March 2023 from four specialised mental health institutions. A total of 139 features, including biomarker measurements, medical orders and psychological scales, were assessed for analysis. Their suicide risk was evaluated by qualified nurses using Nurse's Global Assessment of Suicide Risk within 1 week after admission. Five machine learning models were trained with 10-fold cross-validation across three hospitals and were externally validated in an independent cohort. The primary performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). The model was interpreted using the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis. Biomarker importance was evaluated by comparing model performance with and without these biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 3143 patients with MDD included in this study, the incidence of high suicide risk within 1 week after first admission was 660 (21.0%). Among all models, the Extreme Gradient Boosting can more effectively predict future risks, with an AUROC higher than 0.8 (p<0.001). The SHAP values identified the 10 most important features, including five biomarkers. After clustering analysis, electroconvulsive therapy, physical restraint, β2-microglobulin and triiodothyronine were found to have heterogeneous effects on suicide risk. Combining biomarkers with other data from electronic health records significantly improved the performance and clinical utility of machine learning models based on demographics, diagnosis, laboratory tests, medical orders and psychological scales.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates the potential for a biomarker-based suicide risk assessment for patients with MDD, emphasising the interaction between biomarkers and therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"38 5","pages":"e101957"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12434745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of mental health among older adults in Guangxi, China: insights from depression, anxiety and cognitive function assessments.","authors":"Zuxing Wang, Manfei Xu, Xiaoyun Guo, Yanli Zuo","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102220","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"38 5","pages":"e102220"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12434730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in spatiotemporal regulation of fear memory: neural circuit mechanisms and implications for PTSD.","authors":"Ruoshui Xu, Dongdong Shi, Kai Wang, Qian Yang, Peng Cao, Zhen Wang","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102224","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder characterised by re-experiencing, avoidance and hyperarousal. Memory abnormalities manifested as intrusive thoughts and prolonged distressful emotions are postulated as key roles in PTSD development and persistence. Over the past decades, convergent results from human and animal studies have systematically investigated contributions of the amygdala, hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in fear memory processes, including fear acquisition, storage, reconsolidation and extinction. These findings provide mechanistic insights for cognitive-behavioural therapy and aid in developing pathological region-targeted neuromodulation treatment for PTSD. Taking advantage of advances in cell-type selective labelling and manipulation technologies, recent studies have focused on the spatiotemporal regulation of neural circuits underlying distinct phases of fear memory processes. These findings have revealed that multiple distributed brain areas participate in the fear memory encoding network. Moreover, the functional role of distinct neuronal ensembles within the amygdala-hippocampus-mPFC pathway, identified by genetic markers and projection profiles, has been assigned to temporally separate features of fear processing, demonstrating the sophistication of the fear encoding circuit. These results provide mechanistic insights into PTSD pathology and might shed light on aetiology-based clinical interventions for PTSD. Therefore, the present review will mainly focus on the recent progress in elucidating neural circuit mechanisms underlying the dynamic regulation of fear memory, with an emphasis on the spatial distribution of fear memory encoding neural networks and the temporal coherence between neuronal ensemble activity and fear expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"38 4","pages":"e102224"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12382489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paeoniflorin ameliorates depressive behaviours by modulating microbiota-gut-brain axis functions.","authors":"Sha Zhang, Dan Pan, Siyu Chen, Da Tang, Hui Yang, Daoqun Song, Bin Yuan, Jason H Huang, Mingchen Jiang, Fushun Wang, Qiuyue Xu","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101979","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD), characterised by persistent anhedonia and elevated suicide risk, represents a global mental health challenge. Recent studies suggest a link between gut-brain axis dysfunction and depression. The natural compound paeoniflorin demonstrates clinically relevant antidepressant effects, yet its underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain elusive.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to examine how paeoniflorin alleviates depression-like behaviours in rats subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) by modulating the function of gut-brain axis, and explore the connections between gut microbiota, metabolites and MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Depression-like behaviours in rats were induced by CUMS, and the antidepressant effect of paeoniflorin was assessed using behavioural tests. The composition and function of the intestinal microbiota were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and metabolomic analysis was performed on serum, hippocampus, jejunum and faecal samples. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors and cortisol, as well as the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the jejunum of rats after cohousing. Long-term potentiation assays and Golgi staining were used to detect dendritic spine density and synaptic plasticity, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Paeoniflorin significantly alleviated depression-like behaviours and cognitive deficits in CUMS rats. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that paeoniflorin improved the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota in CUMS rats. Enrichment of differential metabolites in the brain, intestine, faeces and serum revealed a primary accumulation in the amino acid metabolism pathway. We further observed a correlation between the relative abundance of microbial communities and metabolites. Cohousing experiments verified that microbial metabolites of paeoniflorin can reduce neuroinflammation and improve synaptic plasticity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Disruptions in gut microbiota and its metabolites impair gut-brain interactions. Paeoniflorin's neuroprotective and antidepressant effects are mediated through the modulation of the function of the gut-brain axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"38 4","pages":"e101979"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12382487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors for antenatal anxiety in the first trimester among Chinese pregnant women.","authors":"Shuyin Xu, Yilin Peng, Mengqi Xu, Junzhe Cheng, Jintao Xiong, Xuemei Qin, Zhuo Peng, Weiguo Mao, Meiqun Xiao, Mi Wang, Li Zhang, Yumeng Ju, Jin Liu, Yan Yu, Bangshan Liu, Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-102008","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-102008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Antenatal anxiety (AA) is a common mental disorder during pregnancy and adversely affects the well-being of both pregnant women and their offspring. The prevalence of AA is exceptionally high in the first trimester, yet there is a lack of studies focusing exclusively on AA in the first trimester.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of AA among Chinese pregnant women during the first trimester.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively retrieved and analysed data on the mental health screening of perinatal women at Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital in China from 1 January 2020 to 31 January 2024. A total of 42 013 pregnant women with less than 14 weeks of gestation were assessed using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). A GAD-7 score ≥10 indicates AA. Univariable analyses and multivariable logistic regression were employed to identify risk factors for AA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the participants, 1066 (2.54%) experienced AA in the first trimester. Factors associated with a higher risk of AA included being under 25 years old, temporary residence, below senior high school education, low or moderate economic status, primipara, unplanned pregnancy, smoking, alcohol use, lack of exercise, low or moderate living conditions, low or moderate marital satisfaction and reluctance to discuss troubles with others.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AA manifests as a multifaceted phenomenon influenced by various sociodemographic, obstetrical, lifestyle and psychosocial factors. Preventing AA requires collaboration among hospitals, communities and families.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"38 4","pages":"e102008"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12359413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between adverse home environments and symptoms in drug-naive children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.","authors":"Chengchao Yu, Wenqing Jiang, Di Zhao","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102078","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2025-102078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"38 4","pages":"e102078"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}