General Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Uncovering potential distinctive acoustic features of healing music","authors":"Yue Ding, Jiaqi Jing, Qihui Guo, Jiajia Zhou, Xinyao Cheng, Xiaoya Chen, Lihui Wang, Yingying Tang, Qing Fan","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2023-101145","url":null,"abstract":"Background Music therapy is a promising complementary intervention for addressing various mental health conditions. Despite evidence of the beneficial effects of music, the acoustic features that make music effective in therapeutic contexts remain elusive. Aims This study aimed to identify and validate distinctive acoustic features of healing music. Methods We constructed a healing music dataset (HMD) based on nominations from related professionals and extracted 370 acoustic features. Healing-distinctive acoustic features were identified as those that were (1) independent from genre within the HMD, (2) significantly different from music pieces in a classical music dataset (CMD) and (3) similar to pieces in a five-element music dataset (FEMD). We validated the identified features by comparing jazz pieces in the HMD with a jazz music dataset (JMD). We also examined the emotional properties of the features in a Chinese affective music system (CAMS). Results The HMD comprised 165 pieces. Among all the acoustic features, 74.59% shared commonalities across genres, and 26.22% significantly differed between the HMD classical pieces and the CMD. The equivalence test showed that the HMD and FEMD did not differ significantly in 9.46% of the features. The potential healing-distinctive acoustic features were identified as the standard deviation of the roughness, mean and period entropy of the third coefficient of the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients. In a three-dimensional space defined by these features, HMD’s jazz pieces could be distinguished from those of the JMD. These three features could significantly predict both subjective valence and arousal ratings in the CAMS. Conclusions The distinctive acoustic features of healing music that have been identified and validated in this study have implications for the development of artificial intelligence models for identifying therapeutic music, particularly in contexts where access to professional expertise may be limited. This study contributes to the growing body of research exploring the potential of digital technologies for healthcare interventions. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information.","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138819564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute effect of twice-daily 15 mA transcranial alternating current stimulation on treatment-resistant depression: a case series study","authors":"Wenfeng Zhao, Huang Wang, Haixia Leng, Qing Xue, Mao Peng, Xiukun Jin, Liucen Tan, Na Pan, Xuedi Wang, Jie Wang, Keming Gao, Xiangyang Zhang, Hongxing Wang","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2023-101278","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135615528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of twice-a-day transcranial direct current stimulation intervention on cognitive function and motor cortex plasticity in patients with Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Xingxing Li, Lei Chen, Kunqiang Yu, Wenhao Zhuang, Hui Zhu, Wenqiang Xu, Hui Yan, Gangqiao Qi, Dongsheng Zhou, Shaochang Wu","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2023-101166","url":null,"abstract":"Background Non-invasive brain stimulation has improved cognitive functions in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and some studies suggest a close relationship between cognition and plasticity. However, the clinical benefits of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients still need to be evaluated. Aims This study examined the role of tDCS in improving cognition and whether the improved cognition is related to altered cortical plasticity. Methods 124 patients with AD were randomly assigned to active tDCS (n=63) or sham tDCS (n=61). The tDCS was applied at the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for 30 treatment sessions across 6 weeks (5 days per week, 2 days off). The Mini-Mental State Examination and the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-Cog) were used for cognition evaluation at baseline, week 2 and week 6. The cortical plasticity was represented by motor-evoked potential (MEP) measured with an electromyogram. Results The results showed that multiple courses of active tDCS can improve the cognitive functions of patients with AD, especially in the memory domain (word recall, recall of test instructions and word recognition). In addition, the damaged MEP level was enhanced following active treatment. In the active tDCS group, the improvements in ADAS-Cog total and subitem (word recall and word recognition) scores were negatively correlated with the enhancement of MEP. Conclusions Our research indicates for the first time that twice-a-day tDCS may improve the cognitive function of patients with AD. This study also suggests that cognitive dysfunction may be related to impaired cortical plasticity, which warrants mechanistic investigations of the relationship between cognition and plasticity in the future. Trial registration number ChiCTR1900021067. Data are available upon reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138512733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeated methamphetamine exposure decreases plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in rhesus monkeys.","authors":"Wenlei Zhang,&nbsp;Jiahui Zhou,&nbsp;Hang Su,&nbsp;Xiaocheng Zhang,&nbsp;Weichen Song,&nbsp;Zijing Wang,&nbsp;Chengjie Tang,&nbsp;Kadir Uludağ,&nbsp;Min Zhao,&nbsp;Zhi-Qi Xiong,&nbsp;Rongwei Zhai,&nbsp;Haifeng Jiang","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101127","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is known to prevent methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurotoxicity and plays a role in various stages of METH addiction. However, there is a lack of research with longitudinal design on changes in plasma BDNF levels in active METH-dependent individuals.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate changes in BDNF levels during METH self-administration in monkeys.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study measured plasma BDNF levels in three male rhesus monkeys with continuous METH exposure and four male control rhesus monkeys without METH exposure. Changes in plasma BDNF levels were then assessed longitudinally during 40 sessions of METH self-administration in the three monkeys.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated METH exposure decreased plasma BDNF levels. Additionally, plasma BDNF decreased with long-term rather than short-term accumulation of METH during METH self-administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings may indicate that the changes in peripheral BDNF may reflect the quantity of accumulative METH intake during a frequent drug use period.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"e101127"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10618972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71432288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-benefit and discriminant validity of a stepwise dementia case-finding approach in an Asian older adult community.","authors":"Ting Pang,&nbsp;Binte Xia,&nbsp;Xuhao Zhao,&nbsp;Yaping Zhang,&nbsp;Cheuk Ni Kan,&nbsp;Saima Hilal,&nbsp;Christopher Chen,&nbsp;Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,&nbsp;Wong Tien Yin,&nbsp;Ching-Yu Cheng,&nbsp;Changzheng Yuan,&nbsp;Xin Xu","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101049","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Case-finding is a recommended approach for dementia early detection in the community.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the discriminant validity and cost-effectiveness of a stepwise dementia case-finding approach in a Singaporean older adult community.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The two-phase study was conducted in the community from 2009 to 2015 in Singapore. A total of 3780 participants (age ≥60 years) completed phase I (a brief cognitive screening); 918 completed phase II and were included in the final analysis. In phase I, all participants were administered the Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT) and the Progressive Forgetfulness Question (PFQ). Those who screened positive on either test were invited to phase II, whereby the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and a formal neuropsychological battery were administered, followed by the research diagnosis of no cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND)-Mild (≤2 impaired cognitive domains), CIND-Moderate (>2 impaired domains) or dementia. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted for the different cognitive instruments. All discriminant indices were calculated, including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (NPV) and accuracy. Cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted by estimating the amount of screening time needed and the number of older adults requiring re-evaluation in two case-finding scenarios, ie, with or without preselection by the PFQ.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The stepwise case-finding approach (preselection by the PFQ, then MMSE or MoCA or AMT) showed an excellent NPV (>99%) and accuracy (>86%) for excluding dementia-free cases. Without preselection by the PFQ, screening time for the three cognitive tools were 317.5, 317.5 and 254 hours, with 159, 302 and 175 screen-positive older adults involved in further evaluation. By adopting the stepwise case-finding approach, total screening time were 156.5, 156.5 and 126.2 hours, which decreased by 50.7%, 50.7% and 50.3% as compared with those without preselection. Furthermore, after preselection, only 98, 167 and 145 screen-positive older adults required further evaluation, corresponding to a reduction of 38.4%, 44.7% and 17.1% in the numbers compared with those without preselection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A stepwise approach for dementia case-finding should be implemented in the community to minimise the time and resources needed for large-scale early detection of dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"e101049"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10618984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71422711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promising applications of non-invasive brain stimulation on military cognition enhancement: a long way to go.","authors":"Xiaolong Sun,&nbsp;Hua Yuan","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101264","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"e101264"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10618962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71432287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the 'gut-brain axis' through microbiome diversity.","authors":"Jinyuan Liu,&nbsp;Ke Xu,&nbsp;Tsungchin Wu,&nbsp;Lydia Yao,&nbsp;Tanya T Nguyen,&nbsp;Dilip Jeste,&nbsp;Xinlian Zhang","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101090","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Incentivised by breakthroughs and data generated by the high-throughput sequencing technology, this paper proposes a distance-based framework to fulfil the emerging needs in elucidating insights from the high-dimensional microbiome data in psychiatric studies. By shifting focus from traditional methods that focus on the observations from each subject to the between-subject attributes that aggregate two or more subjects' entire feature vectors, the described approach revolutionises the conventional prescription for high-dimensional observations via microbiome diversity. To this end, we enrich the classical generalised linear models to articulate the multivariable regression relationship between distance-based variables. We also discuss a robust and computationally feasible semiparametric inference technique. Benefitting from the latest advances in the semiparametric efficiency theory for such attributes, the proposed estimators enjoy robustness and good asymptotic properties that guarantee sensitivity in detecting signals between clinical outcomes and microbiome diversity. It offers a readily implementable and easily interpretable solution for deciphering the gut-brain axis in mental health research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"e101090"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10618967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71422712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one in divisible global health emergency.","authors":"Chris Zielinski","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2023-101395","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"e101395"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10603318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71411703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex reduces risk-taking.","authors":"Wei Li,&nbsp;Shuyue Zhang,&nbsp;Xinyu He,&nbsp;Jiawen Hu,&nbsp;Jia Shi,&nbsp;Qinghua He","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2023-101182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"e101182"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10603319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71411701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting the ferroptosis crosstalk: novel alternative strategies for the treatment of major depressive disorder.","authors":"Luyao Wang,&nbsp;Rongyang Xu,&nbsp;Chengying Huang,&nbsp;Guozhong Yi,&nbsp;Zhiyong Li,&nbsp;Huayang Zhang,&nbsp;Rongxu Ye,&nbsp;Songtao Qi,&nbsp;Guanglong Huang,&nbsp;Shanqiang Qu","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2023-101072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression is a major contributor to poor global health and disability, with a recently increasing incidence. Although drug therapy is commonly used to treat depression, conventional antidepressant drugs have several disadvantages, including slow onset, low response rates and severe adverse effects. Therefore, developing effective therapies for depression remains challenging. Although various aetiological theories of depression exist, the underlying mechanisms of depression are complex, and further research is crucial. Moreover, oxidative stress (OS)-induced lipid peroxidation has been demonstrated to trigger ferroptosis. Both OS and ferroptosis are pivotal mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, and investigation of the mediators involved in these processes has emerged as a prominent and active research direction. One previous study revealed that regulatory proteins involved in ferroptosis are implicated in the pathogenesis of depression, and antidepressant drugs could reverse depressive symptoms by inhibiting ferroptosis <i>in vivo</i>, suggesting an important role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of depression. Hence, our current comprehensive review offers an up-to-date perspective on the intricate mechanisms involved, specifically concerning ferroptosis and OS in the context of depression, along with promising prospects for using molecular mediators to target ferroptosis. We delineate the key targets of molecular mediators involved in OS and ferroptosis implicated in depression, most notably reactive oxygen species and iron overload. Considering the pivotal role of OS-induced ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, delving deeper into the underlying subsequent mechanisms will contribute significantly to the identification of novel therapeutic targets for depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"e101072"},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10603325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71411702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}