General Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"SAS macro programme for Bang's Blinding Index to assess and visualise the success of blinding in randomised controlled trials.","authors":"Zongshi Qin, Yongpei Yu, Hongqiu Gu, Dongdong Shi, Zhen Wang, Jiani Wu, Toshiaki Furukawa, Yangfeng Wu","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101578","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper aims to present a Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) macro %BBIplus, offering estimation and visualisation methods for the Bang's Blinding Index (BBI) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with various designs. We developed the SAS macro programme %BBIplus to facilitate the implementation of BBI. This user-friendly programme allows for easy and rapid estimation and visualisation of BBI across different scenarios, including pairwise comparison RCTs with two arms, double-dummy design RCTs with three arms and factorial design RCTs with four arms. The programme requires no pre-existing data set, and users only need to input the number of individuals of correct, uncertain or wrong guesses in each intervention or control group. We illustrate the functionality of %BBIplus using blinding assessment data from three previously published RCTs: BBR (adjunctive berberine reduces antipsychotic-associated weight gain and metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia: a randomised controlled trial), SELECT-TDCS (the sertraline versus electrical current therapy for treating depression clinical study: results from a factorial, randomised controlled trial) and ELECT-TDCS (trial of electrical direct-current therapy versus escitalopram for depression) studies. The programme estimates the BBI for each arm, providing point estimates, 95% CI and associated p values. Additionally, %BBIplus can visualise the estimations through forest plots and make the judgement for the success of blinding easily and rapidly. This tool caters to the needs of clinical trial investigators, offering a comprehensive solution for estimating and visualising the blinding index under various RCT designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"37 6","pages":"e101578"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic insights into male autism spectrum disorder in a small cohort of Indian simplex families: findings from whole exome sequencing.","authors":"Srividhya Durbagula, Snijesh Valiya Parambath, Ashitha Siddappa Niranjana Murthy, Meghana Rameshraju K, Chetan Ghati Kasturirangan, Gautham Arunachal Udupi, Nallur B Ramachandra, Aparna Huligerepura Sosalegowda, Vijaya Raman, Aruna Korlimarla, Naveen Kumar Chandappa Gowda","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2024-101606","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"37 6","pages":"e101606"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What do we mean when we talk about socioeconomic status? Implications for measurement, mechanisms and interventions from a critical review on adolescent mental health.","authors":"Mirela Zaneva, Tsvetomira Dumbalska, Aaron Reeves, Lucy Bowes","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101455","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low socioeconomic status (SES) is a well-established risk factor for general and mental health problems. However, there is no widely accepted definition or operationalisation for SES, leading to varied interpretations in research. In a critical review of the child and adolescent mental health literature, we map how SES is defined and measured. We examined 334 relevant papers from 2013 to 2024 and found significant variability in the operationalisation of SES. Our analysis revealed fundamental problems such as the lack of clear definitions, insufficient detail on variables used and limited measures directly reported by adolescents. We discuss issues related to measurement techniques and their impact on reproducibility, policy development and intervention design. Based on our findings, we recommend using SES measures that directly assess the socioeconomic position of children and adolescents. Additionally, we recommend researchers improve transparency and specificity in reporting the measures used and the rationale behind their selection. The wide range of distinct measures used to represent SES, coupled with insufficient reporting, likely hampers our understanding of which underlying factors truly drive observed effects and impedes the establishment of causal relationships. This, in turn, makes the path to effective health interventions more challenging.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"37 6","pages":"e101455"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental illness segregation and truncated autonomy within medical assistance in dying legislative frameworks in Colombia and Canada.","authors":"Hamer Bastidas-Bilbao, Ximena Palacios-Espinosa, Donna E Stewart, Vicky Stergiopoulos","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2024-101675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"37 6","pages":"e101675"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desipramine reverses remote memory deficits by activating calmodulin-CaMKII pathway in a UTX knockout mouse model of Kabuki syndrome.","authors":"Lei Chen, Yuting Li, Minggang Liu, Zhaohui Lan, Xu Zhang, Xiujuan Yang, Qian Zhao, Shuai Wang, Longyong Xu, Ying Zhou, Yifang Kuang, Tatsuo Suzuki, Katsuhiko Tabuchi, Eiki Takahashi, Miou Zhou, Charlie Degui Chen, Tianle Xu, Weidong Li","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101430","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2023-101430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare developmental disorder characterised by multiple congenital anomalies and intellectual disability. <i>UTX</i> (ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat, X chromosome), which encodes a histone demethylase, is one of the two major pathogenic risk genes for KS. Although intellectual disability is a key phenotype of KS, the role of <i>UTX</i> in cognitive function remains unclear. Currently, no targeted therapies are available for KS.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate how <i>UTX</i> regulates cognition, to explore the mechanisms underlying <i>UTX</i> dysfunction and to identify potential molecular targets for treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We generated <i>UTX</i> conditional knockout mice and found that <i>UTX</i> deletion downregulated calmodulin transcription by disrupting H3K27me3 (trimethylated histone H3 at lysine 27) demethylation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>UTX</i>-knockout mice showed decreased phosphorylation of calcium / calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, impaired long-term potentiation and deficit in remote contextual fear memory. These effects were reversed by an Food and Drug Administration-approved drug desipramine.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results reveal an epigenetic mechanism underlying the important role of <i>UTX</i> in synaptic plasticity and cognitive function, and suggest that desipramine could be a potential treatment for KS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"37 5","pages":"e101430"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressive symptomatology, NT-proBNP levels and health status in patients with heart failure: a prospective observational study.","authors":"Mahmoud Balata, Marc Ulrich Becher, Rupert Conrad","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2024-101596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depressive symptoms frequently occur in patients with heart failure (HF). However, research on the relationship between these symptoms and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), a key biomarker for HF severity and treatment, is scarce and yields inconsistent results.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study investigates the relationship among depressive symptomatology, NT-proBNP and health status in a cohort of patients with HF. Additionally, it assesses the impact of depressive symptoms on their clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 151 patients with HF was followed for 1 year. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression (HADS-D) Score was used to assess anxiety and depressive symptoms, and NT-proBNP levels were measured. Health status was evaluated using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with HADS-D scores>5 points showed significantly higher NT-proBNP levels and lower KCCQ scores at baseline. Over the year, changes in HADS-D scores correlated positively with changes in NT-proBNP levels and negatively with changes in KCCQ scores. A baseline HADS-D score>5 points was significantly associated with an increased risk of the composite outcome of all-cause mortality and HF hospitalisation, even after adjusting for baseline characteristics (adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 2.17; 95% CI 1.05 to 4.48; p=0.036).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HADS-D scores are significantly correlated with NT-proBNP levels and health status in patients with HF. A baseline HADS-D score>5 points is significantly associated with an elevated risk for the composite outcome of all-cause mortality and hospitalisation due to HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"37 5","pages":"e101596"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11474672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroimaging studies in major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation or behaviour among Chinese patients: implications for neural mechanisms and imaging signatures.","authors":"Yun-Ai Su, Chong Ye, Qin Xin, Tianmei Si","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2024-101649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Major depressive disorder (MDD) with suicidal ideation or behaviour (MDSI) is associated with an increased risk of future suicide. The timely identification of suicide risk in patients with MDD and the subsequent implementation of interventions are crucially important to reduce their suffering and save lives. However, the early diagnosis of MDSI remains challenging across the world, as no objective diagnostic method is currently available. In China, the challenge is greater due to the social stigma associated with mental health problems, leading many patients to avoid reporting their suicidal ideation. Additionally, the neural mechanisms underlying MDSI are still unclear, which may hamper the development of effective interventions. We thus conducted this narrative review to summarise the existing neuroimaging studies of MDSI in Chinese patients, including those involving structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI, neuronal electrophysiological source imaging of the brain dynamics with electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography. By synthesising the current research efforts in neuroimaging studies of Chinese patients with MDSI, we identified potential objective neuroimaging biomarkers, which may aid in the early identification of patients with MDSI who are at high suicide-related risk. Our findings also offer insights into the complex neural mechanisms underlying MDSI and suggest promising therapeutic targets. Furthermore, we propose future directions to discover novel imaging signatures, improve patient care, as well as help psychiatrists and clinical investigators plan their future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"37 5","pages":"e101649"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11474731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sex-specific associations between suicidality and post-traumatic stress disorder in patients with physical injuries.","authors":"Jae-Min Kim, Ju-Wan Kim, Hee-Ju Kang, Hyunseok Jang, Jung-Chul Kim, Byung Jo Chun, Ju-Yeon Lee, Sung-Wan Kim, Il-Seon Shin","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101520","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101520","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"37 5","pages":"e101520"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diminished functional segregation and resilience are associated with symptomatic severity and cognitive impairments in schizophrenia: a large-scale study.","authors":"Haohao Yan, Yiding Han, Xijia Xu, Hongxing Zhang, Yiqun He, Guojun Xie, Huabing Li, Feng Liu, Ping Li, Jingping Zhao, Wenbin Guo","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101613","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The research findings on the topological properties of functional connectomes (TP-FCs) in patients with schizophrenia (SZPs) exhibit inconsistencies and contradictions, which can be attributed to limitations such as small sample sizes and heterogeneous data processing techniques.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To address these limitations, we conducted a large-scale study. Uniform data processing flows were employed to investigate the aberrant TP-FCs and the associations between TP-FCs and symptoms or cognitions (A-TP-SCs) in SZPs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The large-scale study included six datasets from four sites, involving 497 SZPs and 374 healthy controls (HCs). A uniform process for imaging data preprocessing and functional connectivity matrix configuration was used. ComBat was employed for data harmonisation, and various TPs were calculated. We explored between-group differences in brain functional integration (FI) and functional segregation (FS) measured with TP-FCs, and conducted partial correlation analyses, with adjustments for age, gender and educational level, to identify A-TP-SCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with random networks and HCs, SZPs maintained small-worldness and global FI capacity despite their compromised global FS capacity and resilience. A decline in nodal FI and FS capacity was observed in sensory areas, whereas an increase in nodal FI capacity was found in regions associated with cognition and information integration. In addition, associations between TP-FCs and positive symptoms, negative symptoms or cognitive functions including speed of processing, visual learning and the ability to inhibit cognitive interference were identified in SZPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The identified A-TP-SCs verified that reductions in FS and resilience indicated pathological impairments in schizophrenia. The A-TP-SCs or TP-FCs, which measured the same attributes of the functional connectomes, exhibited high internal consistency, robustly reinforcing these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"37 5","pages":"e101613"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic health records as a window into telehealth: exploring service utilisation and mental health outcomes in Pakistan","authors":"Sara Saeed Khurram, Iffat Zafar Aga, Mahek Karim, Muhammad Muzzamil, Alina Lakhani, Sanaa Ahmed","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2024-101609","url":null,"abstract":"The usefulness of telemedicine has been acknowledged because of coronavirus disease 2019, which highlighted it as a prominent and expedient method of delivering healthcare support while ensuring safety.1 The implementation of telemedicine can be traced to nearly every corner of the globe, from advanced economies like the USA and Europe to the most remote African villages. Today, telemedicine is widely used in developed nations, although its popularity remains limited in many lower-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).2 3","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}