Frontiers in Psychology最新文献

{"title":"The development and psychometric evaluation of specific problem lists reflecting psychosocial distress of patients before and after solid organ transplantation.","authors":"Evamaria Müller, Martin Härter, Sanna Higgen, Markus J Barten, Doreen Eickhoff, Florian Grahammer, Nele Reinsberg, Martina R Sterneck, Angela Buchholz","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1481641","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1481641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Psychosocial distress is common in patients before and after solid organ transplantation. Regular screening facilitates the early identification of distressed patients and the provision of appropriate professional care. However, feasible screening tools that address the specific problems of transplant patients are missing. Thus, the aim of this mixed methods study was to develop transplant-specific problem lists for patients before (transplant candidates) and after (transplant recipients) solid organ transplantation which can be used as a quick and easily applicable screening tool for psychosocial distress.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An electronic database search resulted in a preliminary item list including 36 problems common in transplant candidates and 44 problems in transplant recipients. A total of <i>N</i> = 117 patients and <i>N</i> = 48 health care providers participated in a paper-pencil survey to assess the relevance and comprehensibility of the problem lists. Qualitative interviews about the clarity and completeness of problem lists were performed with <i>N</i> = 58 patients and <i>N</i> = 3 transplant nurses. Data analysis included the calculation of descriptive statistics and content analysis of interviews and survey open response fields. To test the concurrent validity of the problem list for patients, patients completed the problem list in combination with the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCNN) distress thermometer and a short form of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) as part of routine care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The finalized list for transplant candidates includes 21 items and the list for transplant recipients 22 items, each covering four categories: problems in everyday life, social problems, worries and anxieties, physical and psychological problems. In the course of the study, sufficient data was gathered only from transplant recipients (<i>N</i> = 100). The number of problems endorsed by transplant recipients correlated significantly with measures of depression and distress (distress: <i>r</i> = 0.41, <i>p</i> < 0.001; PHQ-4: <i>r</i> = 0.63, <i>p</i> < 0.001; PHQ-2: <i>r</i> = 0.53, <i>p</i> < 0.001; GAD-2: <i>r</i> = 0.60, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The developed problem lists cover relevant psychosocial problems and can help to identify distress in patients before and after transplantation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The problem list for transplant recipients showed sufficient concurrent validity, psychometric properties of the problem list for transplant candidates should be investigated in further studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1481641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the arousal potential of epistemic emotions using Bayesian information gain: a framework for inquiry cycles driven by free energy fluctuations.","authors":"Hideyoshi Yanagisawa, Shimon Honda","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1438080","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1438080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epistemic emotions, such as curiosity and interest, drive the inquiry process. This study proposes a novel formulation of these emotions using two types of information gain derived from the principle of free energy minimization: Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD), representing free energy reduction through recognition, and Bayesian surprise (BS), representing free energy reduction via Bayesian updating. Conventional Gaussian models predict an infinite divergence in information gain (KLD and BS) as prediction error increases, which contradicts the known limits of human cognitive resources. The key novelty of this study lies in a simple yet impactful modification: incorporating a uniform distribution into the Gaussian likelihood function to model neural activity under conditions of large prediction error. This modification yields an inverted U-shaped relationship between prediction error and both KLD and BS, producing a finite peak in information gain that better reflects cognitive realism. Based on this convexity, we propose that alternating the maximization of BS and KLD generates an ideal inquiry cycle that fluctuates around an optimal arousal level, with curiosity and interest driving this process. We further analyze how prediction uncertainty (prior variance) and observation uncertainty (likelihood variance) affect the peak of information gain. The results suggest that greater prediction uncertainty (reflecting open-mindedness) and lower observation uncertainty (indicating focused observation) promote higher information gains through broader exploration. This mathematical framework integrates the brain's free energy principle with arousal potential theory, providing a unified explanation of the Wundt curve as an information gain function and proposing an ideal inquiry process driven by epistemic emotions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1438080"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12109038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Therapeutic Function of Music Plan: a tool to specify the theory of music in music-based interventions.","authors":"Deanna Hanson-Abromeit","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1577176","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1577176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1577176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creative behavior, psychopathology, and salience processing: a case-control study of Italian artists from the Florence Academy of Fine Arts.","authors":"Giuseppe Pierpaolo Merola, Andrea Patti, Bernardo Bozza, Davide Benedetti, Giulia Minotti, Andrea Saverio Spagnuolo, Giulia Pitt, Vincenzo Pecoraro, Andrea Lenti, Gaia D'Anna, Niccolò Porcinai, Silvia Tafuni, Isotta Fascina, Andrea Ballerini, Valdo Ricca","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1541458","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1541458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Creative behavior has been associated with psychopathological traits, particularly in the psychotic spectrum. Aberrant salience, a transdiagnostic feature of psychosis vulnerability, may influence the creative process. This study aimed to investigate differences between artists and non-artists in aberrant salience, creativity, personality traits, and psychopathology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample consisted of 123 adults (58 artists, 65 controls) who completed self-report measures, including the Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI), Big Five Inventory (BFI), Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBS), Remote Associates Test (RAT), and Anagram Task (ANAG). Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U tests for group comparisons, Spearman correlations, and regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Artists showed significantly higher aberrant salience, openness to experience, and obsessive beliefs, with lower scores on the RAT and ANAG compared to controls. Regression analyses revealed that higher ASI scores were significantly predicted by greater Openness to experience, lower Conscientiousness and higher religiosity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that artists have a greater propensity for altered salience experiences, which may contribute to their creative endeavors. The strong association between aberrant salience and openness to experience indicates that personality traits significantly influence creative expression and psychosis vulnerability. Religiosity's role in predicting aberrant salience highlights the impact of cultural and spiritual beliefs on perceptual experiences. By identifying these associations, this study contributes to evaluating risk populations for psychosis. Artists exhibiting high aberrant salience may represent a subgroup with heightened vulnerability, underscoring the importance of early detection and intervention strategies within creative communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1541458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between perceived material living conditions and subjective health and wellbeing as moderated by personal attributes in a representative sample of Nigerians.","authors":"Dare A Fagbenro, Erhabor S Idemudia, Klaus Boehnke","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1530302","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1530302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research has linked material living conditions to subjective health and wellbeing. However, moderators are mainly unknown. Thus, the current study examined whether gender, age, and education moderate Nigerians' subjective health and wellbeing, considering their material living conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 2023 Afrobarometer survey in Nigeria's six geopolitical zones included 1,600 adults aged 18-97 (Mean age = 34.93 years, standard deviation = 13.12, female = 51.9%). IBM SPSS Amos 23 performed SEM and multi-group analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that insufficient material living conditions harm subjective health and wellbeing. It revealed that such conditions harmed subjective health and wellbeing, regardless of age or gender. Surprisingly, education affected the relationship between material living conditions and subjective health and wellbeing, particularly among highly educated individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concluded that poor living conditions harm health and wellbeing, whereas education moderates the relationship between material living conditions and subjective health and wellbeing. These findings highlight the need for psychological interventions and policies to improve Africans' health and wellbeing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1530302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the SSRI vs. placebo debate in the treatment of social anxiety disorder: the role of expectancy effects, neural responsivity, and monoamine transporters.","authors":"Tomas Furmark, Kurt Wahlstedt, Vanda Faria","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1531725","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1531725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), widely used for anxiety and depression, are often criticized for their perceived similarity in efficacy to placebo treatments and the unclear connection between brain serotonin levels, on one hand, and the symptomatology of these disorders, on the other. In this perspective paper we discuss the complex mechanisms behind SSRI and placebo treatments in managing social anxiety disorder (SAD), focusing on both pharmacological and expectancy effects. Through a series of neuroimaging studies using positron emission tomography (PET), we investigated the neural, neurochemical and behavioral changes associated with SSRI and placebo responses in SAD patients. Results from one study revealed that both SSRI and placebo responders showed equal reductions in amygdala activity, a region central to fear processing, as well as comparable improvements in social anxiety symptoms. These findings suggest shared neural pathways between SSRIs and placebos, possibly related to response expectancies. In another study, we manipulated patient expectations using a deception design, showing that overt SSRI treatment yielded greater symptom reduction than covert administration. PET results further underscored the influence of expectation on dopamine signaling. Furthermore, PET data on serotonin transporters indicated that serotonin reuptake inhibition alone does not fully account for SSRIs' clinical efficacy, as serotonin transporter occupancy was not correlated with symptom improvement. In yet another study, combining SSRIs with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) led to more robust and longer-lasting outcomes than placebo combined with CBT, with distinct effects on brain monoamine transporters. Overall, these findings emphasize the intricate interplay between pharmacology, brain mechanisms, and psychological expectations in the treatment of SAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1531725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast-paced and violent media exposure are positively associated with ADHD and impulsivity in college students.","authors":"Nicole L Hayes, Craig A Anderson, Edward L Swing","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1572895","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1572895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous research reveals that screen media exposure is positively associated with attention problems and impulsivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three cross-sectional correlational studies examined the extent to which fast-paced versus violent media exposure are associated with attention-related problems in college students. Multiverse data analyses tested the robustness of results. Fast-paced and violent media effects were examined separately and uniquely using SEM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A Pilot study (<i>N</i> = 233) found weak but significant zero-order correlations of both fast-paced and violent media exposure on self-control. However, the main SEM results were not significant, although in the expected direction, perhaps because of single-item assessments of media pacing and violence. Main Studies 1 (<i>N =</i> 438) and 2 (<i>N =</i> 456) found that exposure to fast-paced media was positively associated with ADHD-symptoms; this effect was reduced when media violence was added to the model. Both studies also found that greater exposure to violent content was uniquely and positively associated with impulsivity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Overall, findings suggest that fast-paced and violent media yield small but reliable effects that may play an important role in attention-related problems in young adults. Future research should continue to investigate the relationships between media use on attention-related problems, especially longitudinal studies to test direction of causality.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1572895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human creativity versus artificial intelligence: source attribution, observer attitudes, and eye movements while viewing visual art.","authors":"Caitlin V Cunningham, Gabriel A Radvansky, James R Brockmole","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1509974","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1509974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the capability to create visual images with minimal human input, a technology that is being applied to many areas of daily life. However, the products of AI are consistently judged to be worse than human-created art, even when comparable in quality. The purpose of this study is to determine whether explicit cognitive bias against AI is related to implicit perceptual mechanisms active while viewing art.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants' eye movements were recorded while viewing religious art, a notably human domain meant to maximize potential bias against AI. Participants (<i>n</i> = 92) viewed 24 pieces of Biblically-inspired religious art, created by the AI tool DALL-E 2. Participants in the control group were told prior to viewing that the pieces were created by art students, while participants in the experimental group were told the pieces were created by AI. Participants were surveyed after viewing to ascertain their opinions on the quality and artistic merit of the pieces.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants' gaze patterns (fixation counts, fixation durations, fixation dispersion, saccade amplitude, blink rate, saccade peak velocity, and pupil size) did not differ based on who they believed created the pieces, but their subjective opinions of the pieces were significantly more positive when they believed pieces were created by humans as opposed to AI.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study did not obtain any evidence that a person's explicit \"valuation\" of artworks modulates the pace or spatial extent of visual exploration nor the cognitive effort expended to develop an understanding of them.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1509974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the complexities of morality and culture: a critical commentary on the special topics issue \"culture and morality: the things we value\".","authors":"Tian Xie, Michael Shengtao Wu","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1530299","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1530299","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1530299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring how social media usage shapes self-presentation strategies among Saudi young adults.","authors":"Ahmed Muyidi","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1562917","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1562917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise of social networking sites (SNS) has changed how young people present themselves online to present idealized versions of their identities. These platforms enable selective self-presentation, shaped by features like anonymity and audience feedback. Especially in collectivist societies like Saudi Arabia, socio-cultural norms remain an effective factor, affecting online behaviors and leading to anonymous or semi-anonymous interactions. Despite the growing reliance on social networks, limited research addressed how these factors impact self-presentation strategies. This study examines how self-presentation on social media is affected by usage patterns among young adults in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Using structured surveys, quantitative data are gathered from a sample of 715 young adults living countrywide. Results revealed that exemplification, ingratiation, and self-promotion are the most commonly used self-presentation strategies among Saudi youth. Negative usage patterns and a high number of followers used these strategies more frequently. Users disclosing users' identities supported exemplification, reflecting cultural influences on online behaviors. Besides, increased time spent on social media was linked with greater use of all self-presentation strategies, highlighting potential risks to psychological well-being, i.e., anxiety and low self-esteem. Findings suggested a strong association between digital behaviors, audience dynamics, and impression management in a collectivist cultural context. Finally, cultural and clinical implications are presented, and limitations are highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1562917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}