Frontiers in Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Improving the cancer adult patient support network (iCAN): a pilot study on a communication model and modified focus group.","authors":"Giuseppina Campisi, Monica Bazzano, Rodolfo Mauceri, Vera Panzarella, Gaetano La Mantia, Olga Di Fede","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1223168","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1223168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many consider that cancer has the greatest impact of any disease in the world, and it can drastically limit patients' quality of life. Combating such a life-threatening disease can pose many challenges to daily life, highlighted by demonstrating the need to discuss one's health status within a focus group and encourage treatment compliance.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>the purposes of this study were to share the authors' experience of a modified focus group in an Oral Medicine Unit, termed \"Improving Cancer Adult Patients Support Network\" (iCAN), and to evaluate how effective communication could improve patients' quality of life and empower them by virtue of enhanced knowledge and an awareness of cancer management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>the paper adhered to the COREQ checklist regarding its reporting procedures. The iCAN format was precisely reproduced four times with four groups, consisting of 12 adult male and female patients with solid cancers. They discussed several main topics relating to cancer treatment, as chosen by a majority of the participants. Four specialists were involved in the discussion of the selected topics The iCAN format was faithfully reproduced during each meeting, with the participants in the roles of moderator and health specialists. Finally, a satisfaction questionnaire was administered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the most reliable results demonstrated a marked change in lifestyle and eating habits in more than 50% of participants. More than 80% were unaware of the side effects of cancer treatments in general and the oral mucosa in particular. Each meeting reported a maximum degree of satisfaction experienced by the participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>iCAN focus group meetings appear to have facilitated a process of narrative interviewing, thereby improving the doctor-patient relationship underlying the humanization of the care process.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1223168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71480399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering Differential Item Functioning effects using MIMIC and mediated MIMIC models.","authors":"Ioannis Tsaousis, Maisaa Taleb S Alahmandi, Halimah Asiri","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1268074","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1268074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was twofold: first, to examine the presence of bias across gender in a scholastic achievement test named the Academic Achievement Test (AAT) for the Science Track. Second, to understand the underlying mechanism that causes these bias effects by examining the effect of general cognitive ability as a mediator. The sample consisted of 1,300 Saudi high school students randomly selected from a larger pool of 173,133 participants to reduce the effects of excessive power. To examine both goals, the Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) approach for detecting Differential Item Functioning (DIF) items was used. The results showed that 13 AAT items exhibited DIF effects for different gender groups. In most of these items, male participants were more likely to answer them correctly than their female counterparts. Next, the mediated MIMIC approach was applied to explore possible underlying mechanisms that explain these DIF effects. The results from this study showed that general cognitive ability (i.e., General Aptitude Test - GAT) seems to be a factor that could explain why an AAT item exhibits DIF across gender. It was found that GAT scores fully explain the DIF effect in two AAT items (full mediation). In most other cases, GAT helps account for only a proportion of the DIF effect (partial mediation). The results from this study will help experts improve the quality of their instruments by identifying DIF items and deciding how to revise them, considering the mediator's effect on participants' responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1268074"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10626479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71480430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer victimization and children's internet addiction in China: a moderated mediation model.","authors":"Pingyan Zhou,&nbsp;Jinping Cai,&nbsp;Jiaxin Cui,&nbsp;Jian Liu,&nbsp;Wenguang He,&nbsp;Cai Zhang,&nbsp;Fumei Chen,&nbsp;Zhe Wang","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1236135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1236135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peer victimization used to be considered as a crucial risk factor for children addicted to the internet. Whereas some victimized ones are function better than would be expected. Variability across individuals indicates that it is necessary to understand how children cope with being bullied and why they do not exhibit maladaptive outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We explored the underlying mechanisms by testing whether subjective well-being was a mediator between peer victimization and Internet addiction and whether the mediation effects conditioned on the levels of parent-child relationship (PCR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from 65, 868 elementary school students in China (Mage = 9.56 years, SD = 0.62, 54.0% male) using four questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that: (1) subjective well-being can partially mediate the relationship of the two variables; and (2) PCR can moderate direct path and second half of the intermediary process. These moderating effects were stronger for children with higher PCR vs. lower PCR, as a strong PCR can help children to deal with intense emotions and to access effective resources to obtain support.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study deepens our understanding of how peer victimization leads to internet addiction, identifies a supportive PCR as a crucial factor that strengthens the resilience of child victims, and highlights the value of focusing on improving the relationship between parents and children in intervening internet addiction related to peer victimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1236135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10623336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71480407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metacognitions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a psychometric study of the metacognitions questionnaire-30.","authors":"Toril Dammen,&nbsp;Costas Papageorgiou,&nbsp;Jonas Christoffer Lindstrøm,&nbsp;Gunnar Einvik","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1265102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1265102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The metacognitions questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30) was developed for the assessment of metacognitive beliefs and processes that are central components of the metacognitive model of emotional disorders. Anxiety and depression commonly occur in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Testing such a model for anxiety and depression in patients with COPD is warranted. However, the psychometric properties of the MCQ-30 in COPD patients are unknown. Therefore, in this study we aimed to examine these properties in COPD patients. The MCQ-30 was administered to 203 COPD patients referred to a rehabilitation unit in respiratory medicine. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the five-factor as well as the bi-factor models of MCQ-30. Exploratory factor analyses were also performed. Both models did not meet the criteria for an acceptable fit on Comparative Fit Index (CFI) of 0.810 and 0.858 vs. criterion of ≥0.9, but the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) criterion ≤0.08 was acceptable for both models with RMSEA = 0.074 and 0.066, respectively. The factors were mostly moderately correlated (0.41-0.58) with acceptable reliability coefficients (0.73-0.87). The exploratory factor analysis identified three of the five factors originally described in the five-factor model of the MCQ-30. These data show that the factor structure of the MCQ-30 appears to differ from that of the original instrument in COPD patients and further studies are needed to confirm its validity and reliability in this patient group.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1265102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10623151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71480404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language models and psychological sciences.","authors":"Giuseppe Sartori, Graziella Orrù","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1279317","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1279317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large language models (LLMs) are demonstrating impressive performance on many reasoning and problem-solving tasks from cognitive psychology. When tested, their accuracy is often on par with average neurotypical adults, challenging long-standing critiques of associative models. Here we analyse recent findings at the intersection of LLMs and cognitive science. Here we discuss how modern LLMs resurrect associationist principles, with abilities like long-distance associations enabling complex reasoning. While limitations remain in areas like causal cognition and planning, phenomena like emergence suggest room for growth. Providing examples and increasing the dimensions of the network are methods that further improve LLM abilities, mirroring facilitation effects in human cognition. Analysis of LLMs errors provides insight into human cognitive biases. Overall, we argue LLMs represent a promising development for cognitive modelling, enabling new explorations of the mechanisms underlying intelligence and reasoning from an associationist point of view. Carefully evaluating LLMs with the tools of cognitive psychology will further understand the building blocks of the human mind.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1279317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10629494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71521128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiles of epistemological beliefs, knowledge about explanation norms, and explanation skills: changes after an intervention.","authors":"Eric Klopp,&nbsp;Theresa Krause-Wichmann,&nbsp;Robin Stark","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1178129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1178129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we exploratively investigate the relation between students' epistemological beliefs and their declarative knowledge about scientific explanations and their practical skills to explain psychological phenomena drawing on scientific theories before and after a training intervention using a person-centered approach. We theoretically derive profiles of epistemological beliefs that should be beneficial for constructing scientific explanations. We those having higher explanation skills show a profile of epistemological beliefs that is beneficial for explanations skills. Using a latent profile transition analysis and a sample with <i>N</i> = 108 students, we explore which profiles of epistemological beliefs, declarative knowledge about explanations, and explanation skills empirically emerge before and after an intervention that aimed and fostering students' skills to construct scientific explanations. Before the intervention, two profiles emerged that differed in epistemological beliefs and explanation skills, but both did not in declarative knowledge about explanation. The intervention, in general, yielded a gain in declarative knowledge about explanations and explanation skills. After the intervention, again, two profiles emerged. However, these profiles did not differ in their epistemological beliefs but only in declarative knowledge about explanations and explanation skills. Thus, the intervention seems to level out the effects of epistemological beliefs. Additionally, the pattern of change in epistemological beliefs is consistent with theoretical expectations about which epistemological beliefs are beneficial for explanations. We discuss the results and their implications, as well as their limitations. Finally, we provide an outlook of using the person-oriented approach and this study's type of intervention in the research on changing epistemological beliefs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1178129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10622974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71480416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation study of the apathy motivation index in French adults.","authors":"Xavier Corveleyn,&nbsp;Camille Corbel,&nbsp;Roxane Fabre,&nbsp;Radia Zeghari,&nbsp;Kathy Dujardin,&nbsp;Philippe Robert,&nbsp;Valeria Manera","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1252965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1252965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Apathy is present in many brain disorders, but it is also prevalent to varying degrees in healthy people. While many tools have been developed to assess levels of apathy in pathology, no standardized measure of apathy in healthy people exists.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Therefore, this study aimed to validate the French version of the Apathy Motivation Index (f-AMI). The results of 729 participants were analyzed using an exploratory factorial analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preliminary analyses suggested that the three domains of apathy extracted in the original AMI scale-behavioral activation (BA), social motivation (SM), and emotional sensitivity (ES)-could be found also in the f-AMI. A further exploratory analysis showed that a higher number of factors could be extracted, particularly for women. Specifically, both social and emotional factors could be divided into two sub-factors: (1) social motivation toward strangers or toward an acquaintance and (2) self-directed emotional sensitivity directed toward others. Regarding construct validity, the scores of f-AMI were correlated with the French Dimensional Apathy Scale results. Concerning the divergent validity, emotional sensitivity in apathy is different from depression, anhedonia, and fatigue levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that the f-AMI can be used to assess levels of apathy in healthy adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1252965"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10624122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71480434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Nature and determinants of socio-moral development: theories, methods and applications.","authors":"Alessandra Geraci,&nbsp;Laura Franchin,&nbsp;Aner Govrin,&nbsp;Paola Rigo","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1296472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1296472","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1296472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10623446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71480385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social networks and customer loyalty: review of loyalty keys and main social networks publications' characteristics.","authors":"Nélida Dávila Espuela,&nbsp;Maria Dolores Reina Paz,&nbsp;Claudia Sevilla Sevilla","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1286445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1286445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this work is to shed light on the characteristics and relationship between customer loyalty and publications by the companies on social networks; it has been undertaken with the aid of an exhaustive review of previous studies from 1994 up to the present time. The purpose of the research is to generate a model that can tackle the practical characteristics of the publications on social networks to encourage loyalty. With a view to this, a model is developed that is an extension of the traditional \"Four Stage Loyalty Model\" based on other constructions of the same model, and combined with the characteristics of social networks publications defined in earlier literature. This reflexive approach is particularly important here due to the fact that companies have to be closer to customers' requirements and customers have the option to choose from which type of communication they wish to be the object.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1286445"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10623685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71480419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing psychological well-being of school teachers in India: role of energy management, thriving, and stress.","authors":"Smita Chaudhry,&nbsp;Raina Chhajer","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1239587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1239587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The psychological well-being of school teachers is a growing concern in the post-pandemic era. Many initiatives are undertaken by individual school authorities and government agencies to address this issue. In this study, we examine the impact of energy management, thriving, and stress on the psychological well-being of school teachers in India.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data was collected from 356 school teachers in Rajasthan, India, through a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. These teachers were working both in rural and urban areas. The relationship among energy management, thriving, stress, and psychological well-being was analyzed using hierarchical regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings suggest that energy management positively impacts psychological well-being. A mediating effect of thriving and stress on the relationship between energy management and psychological well-being was also found. The results support that psychological well-being can be enhanced by investing in managing school teachers' energy levels.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These results contribute to our theoretical and practical understanding of factors that can enhance the psychological well-being of school teachers and improve the quality of education. Institutes may design and implement interventions on energy management to enhance the psychological well-being of school teachers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12525,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1239587"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10623443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71480387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}