Agrarian Bulletin of the最新文献

{"title":"The use of genomic assessment in improving the productive qualities of Holstein cows","authors":"Vlad Olegovich Cyganok, Egor Olegovich Cyganok, Aleksey Baharev","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-218-231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-218-231","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Purpose of the study is analysis of productive and reproductive qualities of the Holstein cattle of the Tyumen region in comparison with the leading American enterprises using genomic selection. Materials and methods. Zootechnical, statistical and economic methods were used. As part of the work, the tasks were solved to consider the growth and development of replacement young animals; the main indicators of reproduction of heifers and cows of the main herd were analyzed; the milk productivity of cows and first-calf heifers was estimated according to the primary accounting data; a zootechnical assessment of sires used in the economy was carried out; the results of the genomic assessment were compared with the actual milk production. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that genotyping was carried out in the conditions of a large industrial complex, because the use of genomic evaluation was not widely used in farms in the Russian Federation. Research results. The indicators of the intensity of growth of replacement young animals grown in the conditions of the Evika-Agro enterprise correspond to the world standards of the breed, and in some cases exceed them. The intensity of growing heifers allows for earlier insemination, which also contributes to early calving - 98% of animals calve up to 25 months of age. Estimates of milk production are largely consistent with those of advanced farms in the United States. “Evika-Agro” LLC uses outstanding sires from the world’s gene pool to improve economically useful traits, thereby accelerating the rate of selection. Analysis of the genomic assessment showed a significant discrepancy between the genetic basis of milk production and the actual level of milk production. This is most noticeable in the lifetime earnings index ($ 682) and the average increase in milk per lactation (916.2 kg) between the worst and best heifers in the sample.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"97 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140426498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human capital in the agro-industrial complex: employment and income on the example of the northern regions of the Krasnodar Territory","authors":"Nataliya Asanova, Irina Yur'evna Zaharova","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-248-259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-248-259","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The purpose is to study of human capital trends in the agro-industrial complex in the northern regions of the Krasnodar Territory. Methods. On the basis of a conceptual, comprehensive analysis of the six northern regions of the Kuban, the reasons for the decrease in the number of citizens are justified, employment, education, incomes of the population are considered, features of resettlement are identified. For objective analysis, statistics for five years for municipalities were used. Results. Using scientifically based approaches, as well as its own conclusions, based on macroeconomic trends, the issue of the influence of the human factor in the development of the agro-industrial complex was investigated. The reasons for the decline in the population of the northern regions were revealed; directions of migration flows are defined; noted global trends in population aging and, as a result, an increase in the burden on the able-bodied population. The criteria for unemployment in municipalities are justified. The reasons for the decline in the population employed in the agro-industrial complex, which are due to the introduction of new technologies and the replacement of mechanical labor by automated one, are affected. The main crop, livestock enterprises, as well as enterprises for the processing of agricultural products in the northern regions of the Kuban were considered. Negative dynamics of incomes of the population employed in the agro-industrial complex was revealed, which significantly affects the unrealization of projects to attract the able-bodied young population to rural settlements. The prospects for attracting citizens to live in rural municipalities have been determined. The scientific novelty lies in the study of the northern regions of the Krasnodar Territory, their grouping on the basis of the general tendency of human capital development in each municipality. The need to consider these areas in a single context and apply to them common promising development methods that contribute to the use of human capital is justified.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"32 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140425950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the germination process to increase the antioxidant properties of raw materials","authors":"Natalia Naumenko, R. Fatkullin, Ol'ga Neverova, I. Kalinina","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-197-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-197-206","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The development of technology for controlled germination of grains and raw ingredients based on them, as well as the adaptation of methods and approaches for each individual crop, is one of the promising areas in the development of a line of food products that meets all the requirements of the modern population. The novelty of the research lies in the use of short-term temperature exposure as a disinfecting step before the process of germination of barley grain and the formation of an evidence base that this type of exposure does not have a negative impact on the remaining technological stages. The purpose of the study was to study the possibility of using barley grain in germination technology for the further production of raw ingredients with increased antioxidant properties. Research methods. The objects of study were barley grain (Hordeum vulgare L.), harvested from 2019 to 2022. The production of sprouted grain included separate technological stages: disinfection (short-term exposure to high temperatures), soaking (in water at 20 ± 2 °C for 20 hours) and germination (in a chamber with a temperature of 22 ± 2 °C and air humidity 95 ± 3 % , with a time range of 12–48 hours). Standard methods were used to evaluate: organoleptic indicators, humidity, nature, mass fraction of protein, ability and energy of germination, as well as microbiological indicators. To select the optimal duration of germination, the total content of flavonoids, polyphenols and antioxidant activity was controlled. Results. As a result of the studies, it was established that the use of short-term thermal exposure at a temperature of 190 °C and a duration of 10 s allows minimizing the risks of activating the development of the present microflora of barley grain. Using the proposed approaches, when carrying out the technological stage of germination, it was possible to identify the optimal duration of the process – 36 hours, which leads to an increase in total antioxidant activity by an average of 46 %, flavonoid content by 560 % and polyphenols by 145 %.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"35 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The lupine field as a method of biologization crop rotation and the base for fertility","authors":"Elena Isaeva, G. Yagovenko","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-163-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-163-171","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The purpose of this study is to evaluate different ways of lupine cultivation in a crop rotation as a factor for its biologization and soil fertility’s conservation. Scientific novelty. The effect of different techniques of lupine cultivation in a crop rotation on the productivity and soil fertility has been studied in the All-Russian Lupine Scientific Research Institute on the gray forest sandy-loam soil like loam of the Non-Chernozem zone of Bryansk region. Methods. The tests have been done during two contrast periods. The first period, 1999–2003, is the third rotation of two five-field crop rotations “oat – lupine – fodder beet – barley – winter wheat” and “green-manure fallow – winter wheat – lupine – fodder beet – barley”. The second one, 2010 – 2015, is the second rotation of two six-field crop rotations “spring rape – lupine – barley – winter rape – lupine – spring wheat” and “green manure fallow – winter triticale – lupine – spring wheat – spring rape – barley”. Results. It was revealed that the inclusion of lupine green manure field together with lupine field for grain provided the stability and the average crop productivity increase in time as in the complete absence of chemical load from 43.6 t/ha to 44.4 t/ha in 1999–2003, and from 12.9 t/ha to 13.9 t/ha in 2010–2015. Lupine use for the green-manured fallow in a crop rotation contributes to the stability of soil fertility. The humus content increased by 0.08 % both in 1999–2003 and in 2010–2015 by 0.08 %; it occurs at alternative crop cultivation technology which is completely chemicals free when there is a possibility to observe direct action of the crop rotation itself. It is confirmed by a positive balance from 0.06 t/ha at the minimal level of chemicals’ use to 0.15 t/ha at intensive chemicals’ use per a hectare of the crop rotation area.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"42 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140424083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital processing of photometric data of remote sensing of winter rye fields","authors":"Nikolay Vorobyov, Yan Puhal'skiy, Marina Alekseevna Astapova, Vladimir Georgievich Surin, Veronika Nikolaevna Pischik","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-152-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-152-162","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The paper considers the possibility of using neural network structures of an artificial intelligence system for processing photometric data of remote sensing of winter rye crops grown in the conditions of the Leningrad Region on the field of the educational and experimental garden of Saint Petersburg State Agrarian University in 2014–2015. In the process of cultivating plants, various types of treatments were applied: the application of mineral fertilizers, microelements and a microbial biological product. To process the photometric data, the Rosenblatt perceptron was used, which analyzes the similarities and differences in the photometric NDVI profiles of winter rye crops obtained from different variants of the experiment. According to the numerical indicators of vegetation indices, it was possible to construct phase portraits of the trajectory of their movement on the coordinate plane of the field. Further cluster analysis of the data obtained, converted into a square matrix of paired Euclidean distances, made it possible to identify on the dendrogram a grouping of variants in which the connecting components were the use of a microbiological inoculant. When using a biological product, there is a more complete development of plants in crops and their evenness in the field improves. The minimum coefficient of variation was observed for the variant without the use of a biological product, but with the joint use of a complex of all mineral fertilizers (50 phosphorite flour + 50 KCl + 50 ammonium nitrate) and microelements at a dose of 250 kg/ha. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the images of the trajectories of the points of the NDVI profiles provide qualitative information reflecting the dynamics of the ontogeny phases of winter rye plants. Based on the nature of the selected sections of these trajectories, it is possible to create a digital map of the experimental field, with the help of which to conduct a protocol for remote diagnostics of the state of crop productivity and make a forecast of their yield during harvesting.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection and optimization of DNA extraction methods from the leaves of Gleditsia triacanthos L.","authors":"Anna Fedorovna Ryabuha, Petr Kuz'min","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-207-217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-207-217","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Currently, molecular genetic methods using DNA markers are increasingly used in studies of polymorphism of various populations of woody and shrubby plants. The purpose of this work was the evaluation and selection of protocols for the isolation and purification of DNA from the leaves of Gleditsia triacanthos L. for further studies using DNA labeling. Methods. Four protocols were used to isolate DNA from the leaf blade of Gleditsia triacanthos L. Anionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate was used in three isolation protocols for cell lysis, potassium acetate was used for purification from polysaccharides and proteins. In the fourth protocol, a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide was used for cell lysis, the extract was purified with a mixture of chloroform-isoamyl alcohol (24 : 1). Precipitation of the isolated DNA was carried out with isopropanol. The quality of the isolated DNA was evaluated by spectrophotometry, horizontal electrophoresis and Real-time PCR with two types of primers. Results. Optimal conditions for DNA extraction from samples of Gleditsia triacanthos L. containing a large number of metabolites affecting the quality of the isolated extract were selected. By electrophoresis, it was found that both the isolation protocol with sodium dodecyl sulfate and the isolation protocol with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide make it possible to obtain a sufficient amount of DNA. The most purified DNA was obtained by the third protocol using sodium dodecyl sulfate and dithiotreitol and by the fourth protocol using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The results of PCR of the obtained samples with ITS and psbI-psbK primers indicate that a sufficient amount of product has been obtained and the reproducibility of ISSR markers. The scientific novelty of the work consists in choosing the optimal method of DNA extraction from the leaves of Gleditsia triacanthos L., which is a complex object containing a large number of potential PCR inhibitors. The protocol with sodium dodecyl sulfate and dithiotreitol made it possible to obtain DNA in the right amount and of acceptable quality.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"79 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140423760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productivity of spring wheat varieties against the background of different methods of basic tillage in arid conditions","authors":"A. Panfilov, Rinat R. Abdrashitov","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-172-184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-02-172-184","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The article provides data on the reserves of productive moisture, the content of nitrate nitrogen, and the yield of spring wheat varieties when grown under different backgrounds of basic tillage. The purpose of the research is to study the response of spring soft and durum wheat varieties to the methods of basic tillage. Methods. The object of research is 3 varieties of spring soft wheat and 2 varieties of spring durum wheat. The experiments were carried out in the central zone of the Orenburg region. For 5 years, two options for basic soil cultivation were studied: plowing to a depth of 23–25 cm and moldless loosening to a depth of 25–27 cm. Scientific novelty. The reaction of spring wheat varieties to the methods of basic tillage, taking into account the reserves of productive moisture and the content of nitrate nitrogen in the soil, in the arid conditions of the Orenburg Cis-Urals was revealed. Results. The reserves of productive moisture during the sprouting phase of spring wheat in a meter layer of soil were satisfactory (less than 130 mm) for four years out of five years of research, and good for one year (150-153 mm). The advantage of non-moldboard tillage was noted in all years of research with the exception of 2019, when the mouldboard background contained 18 mm more soil moisture. Depending on weather conditions, the amount of nitrate nitrogen in the soil varied from very low values in 2022 to high and very high values in 2017 and 2019–2020. The yield of spring wheat, on average according to experience, was 0.6 c per 1 ha higher against the background of moldless loosening. The varietal response to basic soil tillage methods has been established. The Uchitel’ variety did not respond to processing techniques. For other varieties, the difference in favor of non-moldboard tillage ranged from 0.4 centners per 1 hectare for the Tulaykovskaya zolotistaya variety, to 0.7–0.8 centners per 1 hectare for the varieties Ul’yanovskaya 105, Orenburgskaya 10, Bezenchukskaya 210.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the oat collection according to the main biochemical quality indicators in the conditions of the Tyumen region","authors":"Yuliya Ivanova, Mariya Fomina, Aleksey Andreevich Yaroslavcev","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-2-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-2-11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Oats are an important source of valuable nutrients, especially protein and fat, with a balanced amino acid composition. This study presents long-term data on the study of the quality of grain of filmy oats in the Tyumen region. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biochemical potential of various collectible varieties of filmy oats for involvement in the breeding process in the conditions of the Tyumen region. Materials and methods of the research. In 2019–2021, 167 varieties of filmy oats of various ecological and geographical origin were sown on the experimental field of the Northern Trans-Urals Research Institute, Tyumen Region (Russia), using generally accepted methods. Results. The most favorable conditions for the formation of protein in oat grain were 2019 (correlation coefficient r = –0.59) and 2020 (r = –0.34). The correlation of yield with fat content and starch content was not significant. The protein content in oat grain over the years of study was: in 2019 7.87–13.58 %, in 2020 – 8.74–13.33 %, in 2021 – 7.25–14.05 %. According to the protein content in the grain, the following varieties were distinguished: k-15321 (Leningrad region); k-15262 (USA). Fat content in oat grain in 2019 – 4.35 %, in 2020 – 4,00 %, in 2021 – 3,62 %. The most interesting varieties are k-15311 (Leningrad region); k-15353 (Norway); k-15256 (USA); k-15254 (Canada). The starch content in oat grain was in 2019 – 57.63 %, in 2020 – 58.40 %, in 2021 – 51.04 %. Varieties were distinguished: k-15330, k-15331, k-15329 (Ulyanovsk region); k-14863 (Estonia); k-15378 (Germany); k-15307 (USA); k-14953 (Australia). The most interesting are oat varieties that combine a complex of biochemical characteristics: k-15278 (Moscow region); k-15311 (Leningrad region); k-15330, k-15329 (Ulyanovsk region); k-15378 (Germany); k-15307 (USA); k-14953 (Australia). Scientific novelty. A long-term evaluation of 167 varieties of spring oats according to biochemical quality indicators was carried out, the sources that are of the greatest interest for breeding were identified.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139889909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the relationship between SNP genotypes and the content of fatty acids of various spatial configurations in cow milk","authors":"Aleksey Stepanov, O. Bykova, O. Kostyunina, S. D. Pil'nikova","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-108-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-108-118","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Milk fat is the third main source of lipids for human nutrition. Fatty acids in milk fat have a heterogeneous composition due to differences in chain length, degree of saturation, etc. It has been scientifically proven that long-term consumption of trans-fatty acids causes various diseases of the human body; according to WHO recommendations, their maximum consumption should not exceed 1 % of total energy. A comprehensive study of the composition of fatty acids in cattle milk gives scientists the opportunity to use this trait in breeding work by selecting genotypes with a low content of trans-isomers and saturated fatty acids harmful to human health. The scientific novelty lies in the study of molecular genetic mechanisms for regulating the quantitative content of fatty acids and their trans-isomers in the fat fraction of cow's milk. The purpose of the work is to identify allelic variants of SNPs associated with the fatty acid composition of cow's milk and the content of trans isomers of unsaturated fatty acids in it. Research methods. The studies were carried out on cows of the Holstein black-and-white breed. The genetic profile of animals of the Holstein black-and-white breed was studied, SNPs significantly associated with the quantitative and qualitative content of fatty acids and their trans-isomers in the fat fraction of cow's milk were identified. The fatty acid composition of cows' milk was determined using a multiparameter automatic analyzer MilkoScan 7/Fossomatic 7 FT+ / DC (FOSS, Denmark). Results. Whole-genome genotyping was performed. Analyzing the content of fatty acids with different saturation of hydrogen bonds, a significant difference between the amount of fatty acids and genotypes, reliable values were established only for 5 SNPs. It was found that for four SNPs, the highest values of the content of fatty acids and trans-isomers were in homozygous genotypes ARS-BFGL-NGS-41348GG; BTA-115852-no-rsAA; BTB-00771463GG; Hapmap46159-BTA-70956TT. A significant difference in the content of trans-fatty acid isomers in milk between genotypes was found only for SNP ARS-BFGL-NGS-5502. The largest mass fraction of trans-isomers of unsaturated fatty acids was found in the milk fat of cows with the heterozygous genotype AG, which amounted to 0.076 g/100 g and was 0.011 g/100 g and 0.032 g/100 g (P≤0.01) more compared to heterozygous genotypes GG and AA, respectively.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"193 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139825023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of beef production in the purebred breeding of French beef cattle breeds","authors":"Ol'ga Mihaylovna Sheveleva, Aleksey Baharev","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-119-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-119-127","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The purpose is to study the efficiency of beef production from specialized meat breeds of cattle of French origin in comparison with the Hereford breed. Methods. Zootechnical, statistical and economic methods were used. Results. As a result of the conducted scientific and economic experience, the indicators of weight growth and meat productivity of cattle of the Charolais, Salers, Aubrac, Limousin breeds were studied in comparison with the Hereford cattle breed. Scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time in the conditions of Western Siberia, a comparative study of the indicators of weight growth from birth to 18 months of age and meat productivity of French beef cattle breeds with the Hereford breed was carried out. The conducted research has established the advantage in live weight and growth intensity of French beef cattle breeds. The largest live weight at 18 months was in Charolais bulls – 569.4 kg, which is more than in group I bulls by 53 kg (10.2 %) (p ≤ 0.001). In second place in terms of live weight were the bulls of the Obrak breed – 552.4 kg, which is significantly more than the peers of group I by 35.7 kg (10.3 %) (p ≤ 0.001. With intensive cultivation, the highest growth energy was demonstrated by bulls of French meat breeds 903.8–966.1. When slaughtered at the age of 15 and 18 months, heavy animal carcasses were obtained. Carcasses of French bull calves at slaughter at 15 months had a larger mass by 10.6–23.5 kg. By 18 months, the mass of paired carcasses increased to 286.6–318.5 kg. Economic analysis of the research results shows that in the production of beef from Charolais cattle, the profitability level is 66.5 %, Hereford breed – 60.6 %, Salers and Aubrac – 62.3, Limousin – 56.4 %.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"58 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139685912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}