Agrarian Bulletin of the最新文献

{"title":"Effect of biopreparations on growth parameters of Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf","authors":"Lyubov' Vladimirovna Suhareva","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-12-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-12-21","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The purpose of the study was to study the effectiveness of microbiological preparations on the growth characteristics of Sudan sorghum under the conditions of the Vologda region on the background with and without fertilizers. Methodology and methods. Research work was first carried out in the Vologda region in the experimental field of FSBSI “Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” in 2022. Biopreparations based on living cells of microorganisms were used, the basis of the drug “Naturost-Aktiv” consists of cell culture Lactobacillus buchneri, “Naturost-M” – Bacillus megaterium. The object of the study was Sudanese sorghum variety Zemlyachka. Small-scale field experiment included the following variants: control (1 var.), control + fertilizer (2 var.), biopreparation (3 var.), biopreparation 1 + fertilizer (4 var.), biopreparation 2 + fertilizer (5 var.). Repetition of the experiment – 3 times, the area of recording plot 5 m2. Indicators are presented by 4 counts per season. Results. The total bushiness in the variant with the “Naturost-Aktiv” increases by 35.3 %, an increase of 29.4 % to the control is noted in the variant “Naturost-Aktiv” + fertilizer. Productive bushiness was fixed in each variant, the maximum increase to the control was 45.5 % in the variant control + fertilizer. The greatest gain to the control of 42.5 % in the average area of the leaf surface was determined in the variant with the use of the drug “Naturost-M” and fertilization. Scientific novelty. For the first time a study on Sudan sorghum variety Zemlyachka in the conditions of the Vologda region using the biopreparation “Naturost-Aktiv” based on the cell culture Lactobacillus buchneri and “Naturost-M” – Bacillus megaterium on the background with and without fertilizers, which then can be recommended to increase the adaptation of plants and increase productivity, in turn Sudan sorghum can be recommended as a basic or auxiliary element of crop rotation.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139873535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productivity of soybean varieties in the Central Non-Chernozem Region using different rates of growth regulator application","authors":"Aleksandr Andreevich Tevchenkov, Z. S. Fedorova","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-22-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-22-31","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. When growing environmentally friendly soybean products, it is necessary to use safe and low-hazard fertilizers, plant protection products and biostimulants. Their use increases productivity, reduces cultivation costs and produces high-quality products. The purpose of the research was to study the influence of different rates of application of the growth regulator “Zerebra Agro” on plant growth, the formation of the symbiotic apparatus, the size and quality of the soybean yield. Research methods. On the base of three years of research, an analysis was made of the influence of growth regulator application rates on the symbiotic apparatus, yield and quality of soybean seeds. Scientific novelty. In the weather and climatic conditions of the Non-Chernozem Zone of the Kaluga Region, the optimal rate of application of the growth regulator “Zerebra Agro” to increase soybean yields was determined for the first time. Results. Spraying vegetative plants of the Georgia variety at a rate of 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 l/ha contributed to an increase in plant height by 3.6–6.3 cm, leaf area by 7–16 %, dry aboveground mass by 5–10 %, underground mass – by 6–12 %, and in the Pripyat’ variety – an increase in plant height by 2.7–4.6 cm, leaf area – by 2–6 %, dry aboveground mass – by 3–6 %, underground mass – by 3–7 %. In the studied soybean varieties, the number and weight of nodules significantly increased when treated with the drug at a rate of 0.10 and 0.15 l/ha. The use of the growth regulator “Zerebra Agro” contributed to an increase in the seed yield of soybean varieties: Georgiy by 0.12–0.80 t/ha, and Pripyat’ by 0.24–0.54 t/ha. A significant increase in yield by 0.8 t/ha and protein content in seeds by 1.3% was noted when plants of the Georgia variety were treated at a dose of 0.20 l/ha. In the Pripyat’ variety, an increase in the protein content in the seeds was noted in all variants of using the “Zerebra Agro” preparation.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139821294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significant factors in the development of the agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles market in new realities","authors":"N. Zubarev, A. Urasova, L. Glezman, S. S. Fedoseeva, Yuriy Nikolaevich Zubarev","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-139-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-139-150","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The article studies the development of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) market in agriculture in the regions of the Russian Federation in the new realities. The purpose is to analyse the development of the agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle market in the Russian Federation and to identify the immediate prospects for its development in the new reality. Objectives: to study the external and internal environmental factors influencing the development of the agricultural UAV market; to identify the stages of development of the agricultural UAV market in the Russian Federation; to identify the key characteristics of the agricultural UAV market in order to determine the prospects for further development of the agricultural UAV market in the Russian Federation. Methods: systematisation, integration and analytical processing of data, method of expert evaluation, factor analysis. Scientific novelty. On the basis of the generalization of theoretical provisions and the development of methodological tools, the author proposed an approach to assessing the state of the agricultural UAV market in the Russian Federation and identifying the prospects for its development. Results. Based on the analysis of external and internal environment factors, a diagnosis of the stage of development of the Russian market (industry) in the context of the key criteria of periodization was made, the stages of development of the agricultural UAV market in the Russian Federation were determined. The identified asymmetry in the stage of market development determines most of the market characteristics that distinguish it from the global market and represent a vivid example of oligopoly. Against the background of changes in the external environment, it is concluded that the agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle market in the near future in its development will strive to overcome the stage imbalance and acquire more balanced proportions.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"259 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139826038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The results of the application of a probiotic feed additive to increase the productivity of dairy cows","authors":"Elena Yur'evna Oblogina, N. Zabashta, E. Golovko, Irina Alekseevna Sinel'schikova, E. Lisovitskaya","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-98-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-98-107","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The article highlights the results of scientific and economic experience on highly productive dairy cows of black-and-white breed in the second half of lactation. The purpose - evaluation of the possibility of using a new lyophilized feed additive “Bonaka-APK” in the diets of dairy cows to increase their productivity and milk quality indicators. Studied the productive effect of the feed additive “Bonaka-APK” on dairy cows. Scientific and economic experience was conducted in the farm of the OSP “Novator 1” (Gulkevichi district, Krasnodar Territory) in 2021–2022. Research objectives to study the effect of feeding the feed additive \"Bonaka-APK\" on milk productivity and quality indicators of cow milk. Methods. The studies were carried out on two groups of dairy cows, formed by the method of pairs of analogues. Feeding ration of dairy cows of black-and-white breed with a live weight of 550.0 ± 40.0 kg and a milk yield of 16.0 ± 3.0 kg per day contained: 170 MJ OE, 1582.0 g of digestible protein and 4100.0 g of crude fiber, including 1844.0 g of starch. The sugar-protein ratio in the diet is – 0.83. There were 93.1 g of digestible protein per 1 energy feed unit. The experimental group, in addition to the main diet as part of the compound feed, received a probiotic complex “Bonaka-APK” in the amount of 0.02 kg per 1 head, once a day before milking. Results. The use of the biotechnological complex “Bonaka-APK” as an additive to compound feed, for the accounting period, made it possible to significantly increase the milk yield of 1 cow in the experimental group by 24.6 %, and in terms of 4.0% fat content – by 26.0 % compared with control. The content of fat in the milk of the experimental groups did not differ significantly, and the content of the mass fraction of protein in the milk of the experimental group was significantly higher by 0.4% compared to the control. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a new, developed complex “Bonaka-APK” was tested on dairy cows.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"300 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139831845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic variability of breeding lines of lentils (Lens culinaris L.) according to the elements of seed productivity in the ecological conditions of the Omsk region","authors":"Tatyana Marakaeva","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-86-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-86-97","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The article presents the results of studying the main elements of seed productivity (number and weight of seeds per plant, weight of 1000 seeds) in 15 breeding lines of F6-7 generations of lentils obtained from interspecific crossings of varieties Aida (Russia), Vekhovskaya (Russia), Vostochnaya (Russia) and Shyrayly (Kazakhstan). The purpose of the study is to study the phenotypic variability of lentil breeding lines according to the elements of the crop structure and select valuable genotypes as sources of productivity to create varieties adapted to the conditions of the region. Methods. Phenotyping of the breeding material was carried out in the field and laboratory conditions in 2020–2022 at the training and experimental field of the Omsk State Agrarian University. During the study period, very dry climatic conditions developed in 2020 (HTC = 0.62) and 2021 (HTC = 0.68), slightly dry – in 2022 (HTC=1.02). The soil of the experimental plot is meadow-chernozem, medium-thick (45 cm), low-humus (3.95 % of humus), medium loamy (35 % of physical clay) with a soil solution reaction close to neutral (pH = 6.5). The predecessor is spring soft wheat. Results. As a result, it was found that out of 15 lines, only 11 show stable seed productivity in all weather conditions and belong to the intensive type of cultivation, and 4 are characterized as unstable and semi-intensive type. The variability of the number of seeds per plant is significantly affected by the genotypic features of the breeding line (42.8 %). The phenotypic variability of the weight of seeds per plant is due to the conditions of growth of the agricultural crop (40.3 %), and the weight of 1000 seeds is due to the interaction of two factors simultaneously (57.0 %). By the method of principal component analysis, the studied breeding lines are divided into three main clusters according to the type of stability and intensity. Scientific novelty. Based on the research, valuable genotypes were selected that will be used as sources of seed productivity in further breeding and the creation of new adapted, high-yielding varieties of lentils in the region.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"310 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139832235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the relationship between SNP genotypes and the content of fatty acids of various spatial configurations in cow milk","authors":"Aleksey Stepanov, O. Bykova, O. Kostyunina, S. D. Pil'nikova","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-108-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-108-118","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Milk fat is the third main source of lipids for human nutrition. Fatty acids in milk fat have a heterogeneous composition due to differences in chain length, degree of saturation, etc. It has been scientifically proven that long-term consumption of trans-fatty acids causes various diseases of the human body; according to WHO recommendations, their maximum consumption should not exceed 1 % of total energy. A comprehensive study of the composition of fatty acids in cattle milk gives scientists the opportunity to use this trait in breeding work by selecting genotypes with a low content of trans-isomers and saturated fatty acids harmful to human health. The scientific novelty lies in the study of molecular genetic mechanisms for regulating the quantitative content of fatty acids and their trans-isomers in the fat fraction of cow's milk. The purpose of the work is to identify allelic variants of SNPs associated with the fatty acid composition of cow's milk and the content of trans isomers of unsaturated fatty acids in it. Research methods. The studies were carried out on cows of the Holstein black-and-white breed. The genetic profile of animals of the Holstein black-and-white breed was studied, SNPs significantly associated with the quantitative and qualitative content of fatty acids and their trans-isomers in the fat fraction of cow's milk were identified. The fatty acid composition of cows' milk was determined using a multiparameter automatic analyzer MilkoScan 7/Fossomatic 7 FT+ / DC (FOSS, Denmark). Results. Whole-genome genotyping was performed. Analyzing the content of fatty acids with different saturation of hydrogen bonds, a significant difference between the amount of fatty acids and genotypes, reliable values were established only for 5 SNPs. It was found that for four SNPs, the highest values of the content of fatty acids and trans-isomers were in homozygous genotypes ARS-BFGL-NGS-41348GG; BTA-115852-no-rsAA; BTB-00771463GG; Hapmap46159-BTA-70956TT. A significant difference in the content of trans-fatty acid isomers in milk between genotypes was found only for SNP ARS-BFGL-NGS-5502. The largest mass fraction of trans-isomers of unsaturated fatty acids was found in the milk fat of cows with the heterozygous genotype AG, which amounted to 0.076 g/100 g and was 0.011 g/100 g and 0.032 g/100 g (P≤0.01) more compared to heterozygous genotypes GG and AA, respectively.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139884837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of crop rotations on the fertility of leached chernozems of the Southern Urals","authors":"Lyubov' Shatalina, Yuriy Anisimov, Yuliya Sergeevna Moshkina","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-32-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-32-45","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The purpose of the research was to establish the degree of influence of crop rotations and mineral nutrition backgrounds on the fertility of leached chernozem. A comparative assessment of the main nutrition elements of humus, nitrogen of easily hydrolyzable, mobile phosphorus of plants in dynamics in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of the Chelyabinsk region, in various crop rotations on two fertilization backgrounds P and NP was carried out. Methods. The research was carried out in a long-term field experiment on the land-use territory of the Chelyabinsk Research Institute from 1998 to 2021. Humus, total nitrogen and easily hydrolyzable nitrogen were determined in soil samples according to the method of I. V. Tyurin and M. M. Kononova in the modification of V. N. Kudeyarov, mobile phosphorus according to F. V. Chirikov. Results. According to the results of our research, it was found that, on average, over the years of observations 1998–2021, the humus content due to the crop rotation factor changed by 0.2 %, according to the fertilization backgrounds by 0.8 %. The nitrogen content of the total over the years of research increased in all crop rotation options from 20 to 55 %, regardless of the background fertilization. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that the nitrogen content of the easily hydrolyzed significantly depends on the background of mineral nutrition and the conditions of the year, on average for 1998–2021, the decrease in nitrogen of the easily hydrolyzed was 17–22 %. On average, according to the variants of the experiment for 1998–2021, the process of assimilation of liquid phosphorus against the background of NP is more intensive by 8 %. A strong correlation was established between the productivity of crop rotations and total nitrogen against the background of P in 1998 and 2013, nitrogen easily hydrolyzed in 1998 and 2021, mobile phosphorus for all the years of research. The scientific novelty. Monitoring of the assessment of the state of soil fertility makes it possible to monitor, as well as diagnose the degree of anthropogenic impact, make appropriate adjustments to ensure high productivity of crop rotations in a changing climate.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139888311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The composition of the microflora of the digestive system chyme and dairy productivity of cows during the milking period under the influence of a complex biological preparation","authors":"Elena Aleksandrovna Yyldyrym, Larisa Aleksandrovna Il'ina, Kseniya A. Kalitkina, Andrey Valer'evich Dubrovin","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-46-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-46-58","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Understanding the relationships between the microbiome of the digestive system, the use of probiotic supplements and zootechnical indicators in cows is the key to developing new strategies to increase milk yields. Purpose of research to study the composition of the microflora of the digestive system chyme and dairy productivity of cows under the influence of a complex biological preparation. Research methods. The experiment was carried out on of cows of black-and-white holsteinized. Groups were formed: control group I (who received the main ration (MR)) and experimental group II (who received MR and the “AntiKlos” feed additive). The bacterial community of the scar was evaluated by NGS-sequencing, the intestinal microflora, litter and feed were evaluated using real-time PCR. Results showed that the use of the “AntiKlos” feed additive on livestock allowed to increase the average daily milk yield to 7.5 kg compared with control I (P = 0.05). The bacteria Bacteroidetes were the most abundantly represented (P ≤ 0.05) in the rumen – from 20.9 ± 4.36 and up to 55.3 ± 6.74 %. It was shown for the first time that under the influence of the introduction of the “AntiKlos” feed additive into the diet, there was also a 16.1-fold decrease in Fusobacteria phylum bacteria in experimental group II compared with control I (P < 0.05). In addition, the use of the “AntiKlos” feed additive led to the complete disappearance of such species as Streptococcus caprae, S. didelphis, Mycoplasma conjunctivae in the rumen, among which opportunistic and pathogenic forms are often found, which is the scientific novelty of the study. Similar bacterial taxa were found in the food from the feed table, litter and rectum of almost all the dairy cows studied. In the rectal chyme of cows of the experimental group, the number of taxa such as Clostridium spp., Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcus spp. decreased in comparison with control I (P ≤ 0.05). Thus it is necessary to pay attention to increasing the efficiency of animal husbandry by regulating the microbiomes of cows, as well as the microflora of feed and housing sites.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139687012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic variability of breeding lines of lentils (Lens culinaris L.) according to the elements of seed productivity in the ecological conditions of the Omsk region","authors":"Tatyana Marakaeva","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-86-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-86-97","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The article presents the results of studying the main elements of seed productivity (number and weight of seeds per plant, weight of 1000 seeds) in 15 breeding lines of F6-7 generations of lentils obtained from interspecific crossings of varieties Aida (Russia), Vekhovskaya (Russia), Vostochnaya (Russia) and Shyrayly (Kazakhstan). The purpose of the study is to study the phenotypic variability of lentil breeding lines according to the elements of the crop structure and select valuable genotypes as sources of productivity to create varieties adapted to the conditions of the region. Methods. Phenotyping of the breeding material was carried out in the field and laboratory conditions in 2020–2022 at the training and experimental field of the Omsk State Agrarian University. During the study period, very dry climatic conditions developed in 2020 (HTC = 0.62) and 2021 (HTC = 0.68), slightly dry – in 2022 (HTC=1.02). The soil of the experimental plot is meadow-chernozem, medium-thick (45 cm), low-humus (3.95 % of humus), medium loamy (35 % of physical clay) with a soil solution reaction close to neutral (pH = 6.5). The predecessor is spring soft wheat. Results. As a result, it was found that out of 15 lines, only 11 show stable seed productivity in all weather conditions and belong to the intensive type of cultivation, and 4 are characterized as unstable and semi-intensive type. The variability of the number of seeds per plant is significantly affected by the genotypic features of the breeding line (42.8 %). The phenotypic variability of the weight of seeds per plant is due to the conditions of growth of the agricultural crop (40.3 %), and the weight of 1000 seeds is due to the interaction of two factors simultaneously (57.0 %). By the method of principal component analysis, the studied breeding lines are divided into three main clusters according to the type of stability and intensity. Scientific novelty. Based on the research, valuable genotypes were selected that will be used as sources of seed productivity in further breeding and the creation of new adapted, high-yielding varieties of lentils in the region.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139891763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional morpho-densitometric parameters of chromatin of the nucleus and cytoplasm of erythroblasts and red blood cells of birds in postembryonic ontogenesis","authors":"E. Kolesnik, M. Derho, Maksim Rebezov","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-59-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-01-59-85","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The purpose is to characterize the development of the synthetic activity of polychromatophilic erythroblasts and erythrocytes, in particular the status of the hemoglobin-synthesized function of avian erythroid cells in early postembryonic ontogenesis. Methods. The experimental part of the study was carried out in the conditions poultry farm of “Chebarkul’skaya ptitsa” (Chebarkul district of the Chelyabinsk region, Russia). The whole blood of Hubbard ISA F15 broiler chickens of four age groups (n = 40) was studied: group I – 1-day-old chicks; II – 7-day-old chickens; III – 23-day-old broilers; IV – 42-day-old chickens. The scientific novelty. Functional morpho-densitometric parameters of chromatin of the nucleus and cytoplasm of erythroblasts and red blood cells of birds in postembryonic ontogenesis. Cytophysiological and epigenetic parameters of hemoglobin synthesis by erythroblasts and young erythrocytes are important in elucidating the regulation of the functions of blood cells in normal, adaptation and disorders. Criteria for the synthetic activity of erythroblasts and maturing erythrocytes of animals and humans are optical density as an indicator of the concentration of euchromatin and the metabolic dynamics of the cytoplasm, as well as area as an indicator of the distribution of euchromatin in the stroma of the nucleus and the size’s of the cytoplasm. Results. According to the results of calculation of spectral, morphometric and opticometric values of nuclear chromatin, cytoplasm and their indexed ratios for polychromatophilic erythroblasts and erythrocytes, hemoglobin synthesis in early postembryonic ontogenesis is characterized on a model organism of broiler chickens. According to the results of determining the geometric (n = 30) and optical (n = 300) parameters of euchromatin, heterochromatin of the nucleus and cytoplasm, their ratios and indices were calculated for polychromatophilic erythroblasts, polychromatophilic erythrocytes and mature erythrocytes in peripheral blood smears (n = 158) stained by Pappenheim. Cytochemical reactions reflecting the physiological and biochemical interrelations of erythroblasts and erythrocytes are the basis of a complex morpho-densitometric test of the activity level of hemoglobin synthesis by erythroid cells in early postnatal ontogenesis.","PeriodicalId":125083,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian Bulletin of the","volume":"26 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139687541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}