General pharmacology最新文献_第5页

A possible mechanism for increased cerebrovascular permeability in diabetic rats: effects of insulin and 2-deoxy-glucose. 糖尿病大鼠脑血管通透性增加的可能机制:胰岛素和2-脱氧葡萄糖的作用。

General pharmacology Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(93)90016-q

Y Uezu, K Murakami

引用次数: 0

The effects of acetylcholine on insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetic rat tracheal segments. 乙酰胆碱对胰岛素依赖型和非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病大鼠气管段的影响。

General pharmacology Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(93)90028-v

G Ozansoy, C Karasu, V M Altan

引用次数: 13

Neural mechanisms of general anaesthesia. Proceedings of a symposium at the Society for Experimental Biology meeting. Birmingham, April 1991. 全身麻醉的神经机制。实验生物学学会研讨会论文集。伯明翰，1991年4月。

General pharmacology Pub Date : 1992-11-01

引用次数: 0

Protective effect of glutathione on kainic acid-induced neuropathological changes in the rat brain. 谷胱甘肽对卡因酸致大鼠脑神经病变的保护作用。

General pharmacology Pub Date : 1992-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/1043-6618(92)91019-D

A. Saija, P. Princi, A. Pisani, M. Lanza, M. Scalese, E. Aramnejad, R. Ceserani, G. Costa

引用次数: 11

Effects of sodium pentothal and sufentanil on serotonin induced constriction of canine coronary artery rings without endothelium. 戊妥钠和舒芬太尼对血清素诱导的无内皮犬冠状动脉环收缩的影响。

General pharmacology Pub Date : 1992-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/00132586-199206000-00009

R. Introna, J. Pruett, D. Martin, D. Josephson, M. Manabe

引用次数: 6

Effects of the mammalian lignan, 2,3-dibenzyl-butane-1,4-diol, on contraction and Ca2+ mobilization induced by noradrenaline in rat aorta. 哺乳动物木脂素2,3-二苄基-丁烷-1,4-二醇对去甲肾上腺素诱导大鼠主动脉收缩和Ca2+动员的影响。

General pharmacology Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(91)90074-g

M Abe, M Morikawa, M Inoue, M Tsuboi, Y Aoyagi, A Ohta

引用次数: 3

Tolerance-dependence and serum elimination of morphine in rats implanted with morphine pellets. 吗啡微丸大鼠吗啡耐受性依赖及血清消除。

General pharmacology Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(91)90574-p

H N Bhargava, V M Villar

{"title":"Tolerance-dependence and serum elimination of morphine in rats implanted with morphine pellets.","authors":"H N Bhargava, V M Villar","doi":"10.1016/0306-3623(91)90574-p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-3623(91)90574-p","url":null,"abstract":"1. In order to determine whether the degree of tolerance to and physical dependence on morphine induced by pellet implantation procedure in the rat depends on the dose used and the kinetic parameters, the effect of implantation of different number of pellets on tolerance-dependence and elimination kinetics of morphine from serum was determined. 2. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted subcutaneously with pellets. Each pellet contained 75 mg of morphine free base. Three schedules of implantation were used. They included 2 pellets during a 3-day period (2/3), 4 pellets during a 3-day period (4/3) and 6 pellets during a 7-day period (6/7). Placebo pellets which did not contain morphine were implanted in rats which served as controls. 3. The degree of tolerance to and physical dependence on morphine increased as the number of morphine pellets implanted increased. 4. In separate groups of rats implanted with pellets, elimination kinetics of morphine was studied using radioimmunoassay. The kinetic parameters were: area under serum morphine concentration time curve (AUC0----infinity), serum concentration of morphine extrapolated to time zero (Cmax), half-life (t1/2), elimination rate constant (k), mean residence time (MRT) and total body clearance (Clt). 5. The AUC0----infinity and Cmax increased in proportion to the number of pellets implanted. The t1/2, k, MRT and Clt values for 2/3 and 4/3 schedules did not differ, but for 6/7 schedule were significantly different from the other two schedules. The degree of tolerance to and physical dependence on morphine was directly related to the AUC0----infinity and Cmax. The longer t1/2 and MRT and lower Clt and k values in 6/7 schedule may reflect a saturation of glucuronic acid transferase, the main enzyme metabolizing morphine in the liver, and may account for the greater degree of tolerance and physical dependence.","PeriodicalId":12487,"journal":{"name":"General pharmacology","volume":"22 6","pages":"1033-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0306-3623(91)90574-p","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12851829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Blockade of both D-1 and D-2 dopamine receptors may induce catalepsy in mice. 阻断D-1和D-2多巴胺受体可诱导小鼠猝睡。

General pharmacology Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(91)90572-n

M R Zarrindast, S Habibi-Moini

引用次数: 13

Evidence for peripheral mechanisms mediating the antitussive actions of opioids in the guinea pig. 外周机制介导阿片类药物在豚鼠中的止咳作用的证据。

General pharmacology Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(91)90585-t

J K Callaway, R G King, A L Boura

{"title":"Evidence for peripheral mechanisms mediating the antitussive actions of opioids in the guinea pig.","authors":"J K Callaway, R G King, A L Boura","doi":"10.1016/0306-3623(91)90585-t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-3623(91)90585-t","url":null,"abstract":"1. Comparisons were made between the doses required of aerosol and intraperitoneally administered morphine, dextromethorphan, codeine and the specific peripherally acting mu-receptor agonist DALDA (H-Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2) to suppress citric acid-induced coughing in conscious guinea pigs. 2. Estimated ID50s for inhibition of numbers of coughs induced by an aerosol of 5% citric acid were 1.0 and 2.4 mg/kg for intraperitoneally administered morphine and dextromethorphan, respectively. 3. The estimated ID50s after inhalation of morphine and dextromethorphan as aerosols were approximately 2.2 and approximately 12 micrograms/kg, respectively. 4. Aerosilized codeine (approximately 72 micrograms/kg, n = 5) significantly inhibited coughing by 62 +/- 23% whereas 3 mg/kg, i.p. was required to significantly reduce coughing by a similar degree (60 +/- 6%, n = 7). 5. Inhalation of DALDA (approximately 7.2 micrograms/kg, n = 7) also significantly inhibited coughing. 6. The antitussive effect of inhaled morphine (approximately 7.2 micrograms/kg, n = 11) was inhibited after administration of 3 mg/kg of either naloxone hydrochloride or naloxone methylbromide intraperitoneally. 7. The results support the hypothesis that effects at a peripheral site can make a major contribution to the antitussive actions of these drugs.","PeriodicalId":12487,"journal":{"name":"General pharmacology","volume":"22 6","pages":"1103-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0306-3623(91)90585-t","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12972570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

The long-term treatment with the Ca(2+)-antagonists nifedipine, verapamil, flunarizine and with the calmodulin antagonist trifluoperazine decreases the activity of 5-HT1 receptors in rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Ca(2+)拮抗剂硝苯地平、维拉帕米、氟桂利嗪和钙调素拮抗剂三氟拉嗪长期治疗可降低大鼠大脑皮层和海马5-HT1受体的活性。

General pharmacology Pub Date : 1991-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(91)90593-u

J Popova, D Staneva-Stoytcheva, E Ivanova, T Tosheva

{"title":"The long-term treatment with the Ca(2+)-antagonists nifedipine, verapamil, flunarizine and with the calmodulin antagonist trifluoperazine decreases the activity of 5-HT1 receptors in rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus.","authors":"J Popova, D Staneva-Stoytcheva, E Ivanova, T Tosheva","doi":"10.1016/0306-3623(91)90593-u","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-3623(91)90593-u","url":null,"abstract":"1. The binding activity of 5-HT1 receptors was studied in membrane fractions from the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of male Wistar rats treated orally for 13 days with the Ca(2+)-antagonists nifedipine (20 mg/kg), verapamil (50 mg/kg) and flunarizine (10 mg/kg) and with the calmodulin antagonist trifluoperazine (3 mg/kg). 2. The binding capacity and affinity of the 5-HT1 receptors in the cerebral cortex were significantly decreased after the treatment with the Ca(2+)-antagonists nifedipine, verapamil and flunarizine. The dissociation constant (Kd) was increased after the treatment with the calmodulin antagonist trifluoperazine. 3. In the hippocampus the 5-HT1 receptor affinity and number of binding sites were significantly reduced after the treatment with all four antagonists tested--nifedipine, verapamil, flunarizine and trifluoperazine, the Kd value being increased insignificantly after the flunarizine treatment. 4. The results obtained afford the suggestion that the reduction of 5-HT1 receptor activity is at least one of the results of the well known Ca(2+)-ions mediated automodulation of 5-HT release. The data confirm the view about the great importance of Ca(2+)-ions for the regulation of membrane neurotransmitter receptor activities.","PeriodicalId":12487,"journal":{"name":"General pharmacology","volume":"22 6","pages":"1147-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0306-3623(91)90593-u","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12972574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4