Frontiers in Oncology最新文献

{"title":"A discrete choice experiment analysis to understand patient preferences for multiple myeloma treatments.","authors":"Beth Faiman, Hoa H Le, Julie Laurent, Saurabh Patel, Agne Paner-Straseviciute, Xinke Zhang, Joseph Mikhael","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1628121","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1628121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disorder characterized by the clonal expansion of abnormal plasma cells within the bone marrow. The management of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) represents a significant challenge as the disease relapses or becomes refractory to previous treatments. Recent advances in therapy have expanded RRMM treatment options. This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of patients' treatment preferences regarding available therapeutic options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was designed as a non-interventional descriptive cross-sectional study based on an online discrete choice experiment (DCE) among adult RRMM patients living in the between USA November 2023 and March 2024. The survey included attributes and levels derived from an extensive literature review and guided interviews conducted with MM patients. Preference data were analyzed using a conditional logistic (CL) regression model and relative attribute importance (RAI) scores were calculated. Patients' willingness to trade off overall response rate (ORR) was evaluated using the partworth utilities estimated from the CL model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>149 MM patients completed the survey; 66% had received 1-2 prior lines of therapy, 15% three prior lines, 19% four or more prior lines. Patients significantly preferred treatments with longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) and higher ORR (RAI: 36.4% and 22.1%, respectively). With respect to adverse events assessed in this study, patients expressed concern for cytokine release syndrome (CRS) (RAI: 15.2%) and infections (RAI: 11.9%). In contrast, nail/skin disorders, duration of hospitalization, and taste disorder were less important to patients. Patients would be willing to accept a high risk of CRS (72% over no risk) to gain 29% increase in ORR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients showed a clear preference for treatment efficacy (PFS/OS and ORR). This study confirmed patients' valuation on treatment attributes in the new treatment landscape and highlighted the importance of shared treatment decision-making for optimal clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1628121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting molecular subtype in breast cancer using deep learning on mammography images.","authors":"Yunzhao Luo, Jing Wei, Yang Gu, Chuang Zhu, Feng Xu","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1638212","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1638212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to develop and evaluate a deep learning model for predicting molecular subtypes of breast cancer using conventional mammography images, offering a potential alternative to invasive diagnostic techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 390 patients with pathologically confirmed invasive breast cancer who underwent preoperative mammography. The proposed DenseNet121-CBAM model, integrating Convolutional Block Attention Modules (CBAM) with DenseNet121, was trained and validated for binary (Luminal vs. non-Luminal, HER2-positive vs. HER2-negative, triple-negative vs. non-TN) and multiclass (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2+/HR+, HER2+/HR-, TN) classification tasks. Performance metrics included AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and interpretability via Grad-CAM heatmaps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model achieved AUCs of 0.759 (Luminal vs. non-Luminal), 0.658 (HER2 status), and 0.668 (TN vs. non-TN) in the independent test set. For multiclass classification, the AUC was 0.649, with superior performance in distinguishing HER2+/HR- (AUC = 0.78) and triple-negative (AUC = 0.72) subtypes. Attention heatmaps highlighted peritumoral regions as critical discriminative features.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DenseNet121-CBAM model demonstrates promising capability in predicting breast cancer molecular subtypes from mammography, offering a non-invasive alternative to biopsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1638212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and survival analysis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy in locally advanced resectable Siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction.","authors":"Chunyue Gai, Huilai Lv, Cuili Feng, Xiaohan Zhao, Hao Wang, Bokang Sun, Fan Zhang, Ziqiang Tian","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1642996","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1642996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy (nCI) has achieved significant results in esophageal and gastric cancers, but its efficacy in Siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) remains unclear. This study aims to verify the efficacy and safety of nCI in real-world settings for locally advanced resectable Siewert type II AEG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 101 patients with locally advanced resectable Siewert type IIAEG who underwent esophagogastric junction resection after chemotherapy combined with Sintilimab in a single-center treatment group from December 2020 to May 2024. The analysis focused on the rates of pathological complete response (pCR), major pathological response (MPR), R0 resection rate, tumor downstaging, recurrence-free survival (RFS), and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 101 patients were included, the median follow-up time was 19.2 months. 74 patients (73.3%) experienced postoperative pathological downstaging, with 78 patients (77.2%) showing postoperative pathological T downstaging and 47 patients (55.3%) showing postoperative pathological N downstaging. Patients with cT3 had better outcomes in pCR, MPR, and postoperative pathological downstaging compared to those with cT4 (pCR 27.9% vs 12.1% p=0.044, MPR 48.8% vs 25.9% p=0.017, postoperative pathological downstaging rate 83.7% vs 65.5% p=0.041). 3-4 cycles of nCI yield a higher pathological complete response (pCR) rate compared to 1-2 cycles (26.7% vs 7.3%,<i>P</i> = 0.015).The one-year RFS rate was 93.1% (95%CI, 88.0%-98.6%), and the OS rate was 93.2% (95%CI, 88.1%~98.6%). The two-year RFS rate was 78.9% (95%CI, 69.1%-90.1%), and the OS rate was 76.0% (95%CI, 65.5%~88.2%). 4 patients (3.96%) experienced grade 3-4 TRAEs, and 7 patients (6.93%) had grade 3-4 surgical complications, with no treatment or surgery-related deaths reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preliminary results indicate that nCI shows promising efficacy in the treatment of resectable locally advanced Siewert type II AEG, with high rates of pCR and MPR, as well as good tolerance and safety. 3-4 cycles of nCI may provide better therapeutic efficacy than 1-2 cycles. These findings require confirmation in prospective head-to-head trials to establish potential long-term clinical benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1642996"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based analysis identifies glucose metabolism-related genes ADPGK as potential diagnostic biomarkers for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Tie Li, Shijin Wang, Guandu Li, Xiaochen Qi, Guangzhen Wu, Xiangyu Che","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1559887","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1559887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, with its high morbidity and mortality, is one of the more difficult diseases in the world and still lacks an effective therapeutic target. The primary way they break down glucose is through aerobic glycolysis, which leads to energy acquisition and synthesis of the material base required for cell growth. Although targeting glucose metabolism has driven the development of a variety of tumour therapies, the specific regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, based on machine learning analysis algorithms, we analysed the correlation between glycometabolic pathways and ccRCC in the REACTOME database and verified the impact of the key gene <i>ADPGK</i> on the prognosis of ccRCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilised a total of 89 gene collections of glucose metabolism pathways from the REACTOME (https://reactome.org/) database as the data base for our study. To uncover potential therapeutic target genes, we adopt three machine learning algorithms (LASSO, RF, and Boruta). We reassigned the 7 screened genes based on gene expression differences between cancer and paracancerous tissues, and applied an unsupervised consensus clustering algorithm to establish a typology based on the expression of glucose metabolism-related genes (<i>ADPGK</i>). We then validated the link between <i>ADPGK</i> and cancer cell invasion and metastasis by <i>in vitro</i> experiments on ccRCC cell lines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified <i>ADPGK</i> as a key gene for the glucose metabolism pathway and suggested that it may promote invasion and metastasis of ccRCC. In addition, based on the results of immune infiltration, <i>ADPGK</i> was observed to significantly affect the immune response in ccRCC. Our results suggest that the implementation of therapeutic strategies based on key genes of glucose metabolism may bring new hope for ccRCC patients.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our results suggest that targeting the glucose metabolism pathway can kill ccRCC cells. <i>ADPGK</i>, a gene related to glucose metabolism, may be an important biomarker for the diagnosis and characterization of ccRCC. However, whether <i>ADPGK</i> affects glycolysis in ccRCC, and the mechanism by which glycolysis is regulated is not clear. This is the direction of further research in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1559887"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometrics and scientometrics analysis of exosomes relevance in hepatocellular carcinoma (2014-2024).","authors":"Kaikui Wu, Guiya Lu, Ruijun Guo, Chunxia Li, Minglin Ou","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1614484","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1614484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exosomes have emerged as pivotal players in the pathogenesis, progression, and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), establishing them as a major research focus in recent years. This bibliometric analysis maps the knowledge evolution and quantifies research trends in exosome-associated HCC studies from 2014 to 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrieved relevant publications (2014-2024) from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database and conducted bibliometric analyses using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and R software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis encompassed 1,120 publications (714 research articles and 406 reviews), originating from 60 countries/regions and 4,035 institutions, published in 388 journals, and authored by 6,989 authors. China emerged as the most productive country, followed by the United States. The most prolific journals were the International Journal of Molecular Sciences and Frontiers in Oncology, while Fudan University ranked as the most productive institution. Trend analysis indicates that future HCC exosome research will concentrate on: the development and application of exosomes as HCC biomarkers, optimizing exosomes as drug delivery vehicles, investigating tumor treatment resistance, and exploring exosome-mediated immunotherapeutic strategies for HCC to facilitate their clinical application.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current evidence demonstrates that the field of HCC exosome research is in a phase of rapid development, with its potential in both basic research and clinical translation continually being explored. Through bibliometric analysis, this study identifies key trends and emerging directions in HCC exosome research from 2014 to 2024, offering insights into current research priorities and potential innovations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1614484"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Oxidative stress in breast cancer.","authors":"Ronny Westerman, Zhenbao Liu, Rohimah Mohamud, Ali Mussa","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1661039","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1661039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1661039"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stereotactic body radiation therapy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer: a single-institutional retrospective analysis of outcomes and prognostic factors.","authors":"Chengrui Fu, Jigang Dong, Chunhui Li, Zhongtang Wang, Wei Huang, Chengxin Liu, Dan Han, Bin Zhang, Baosheng Li","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1591420","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1591420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a definitive treatment for medically inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet optimal dose selection and prognostic factors in elderly, high-risk populations remain debated. This study evaluates long-term outcomes and predictors of survival in a real-world cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 258 patients with T1-2N0M0 NSCLC treated with SBRT at Shandong Cancer Hospital (2017-2022). Inclusion criteria: tumors ≤5 cm, medically inoperable or surgery-refused. Survival outcomes (LC, PFS, CSS, OS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves with log-rank tests. Competing risk regression (Fine-Gray model) was used for cancer-specific survival (CSS), with non-cancer deaths as competing events. Prognostic factors of OS via univariable and multivariable Cox regression. Dose fractionation was individualized (median BED₁₀=100 Gy, range: 75-144 Gy), with strict adherence to RTOG 0236 constraints, using 4D-CT for motion management and daily CBCT for image guidance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort comprised predominantly elderly patients (median age: 73 years; 41.5% ≥75 years, 21.3% ≥80 years). At a median follow-up of 38.8 months, 5-year OS, progression-free survival (PFS), local control (LC), and CSS rates were 74.2%, 71.9%, 83.8%, and 84.5% respectively. Competing risks analysis revealed cumulative 5-year cancer-specific mortality of 14.1% (7.6%-20.5%) versus non-cancer mortality of 11.6% (6.8%-16.4%). Multivariable analysis identified lower lobe lung cancer (HR = 2.218, <i>p</i> = 0.014), central tumor location (HR = 2.664, <i>p</i> = 0.003), the larger tumor length (HR = 1.415, <i>p</i> = 0.039), smoking history (HR = 2.328, <i>p</i> = 0.008) and medical inoperable (HR = 2.572, <i>p</i> = 0.007) as independent predictors of poor OS. Despite 21.3% central tumors, toxicity was minimal (grade 3 pneumonitis: 1.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SBRT achieves durable survival in early-stage NSCLC at our center. Central/lower lobe tumors, bigger tumors, smoking history, and medical inoperable independently predict inferior survival, emphasizing the need for personalized dose escalation strategies or combined treatment modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1591420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe <i>Legionella pneumonia</i> mimicking immune-related pneumonitis after chemoimmunotherapy for lung cancer: a case report.","authors":"Haixian Liu, Zhaolei Ding, Lina Xu, Tao Guo","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1663978","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1663978","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved survival outcomes and quality of life in patients with various malignancies. Nevertheless, their associated toxicities must not be overlooked. Although not the most common immune-related adverse event (irAE), CIP is recognized as one of the most serious. In particular, grade 3-4 CIP that is not promptly treated may compromise subsequent immunotherapy and can result in respiratory failure or even death. &lt;i&gt;Legionnaires&lt;/i&gt;' disease, caused by &lt;i&gt;Legionella pneumophila&lt;/i&gt;, is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening form of atypical pneumonia. With the expanding use of ICIs, especially in combination with chemotherapy, early stage CIP and &lt;i&gt;Legionella pneumonia&lt;/i&gt; may share similar radiological features, such as ground-glass opacities, which makes early differential diagnosis difficult. However, timely differentiation is critical because the management strategies differ substantially: CIP requires systemic corticosteroids, whereas Legionella pneumonia necessitates quinolone antibiotics. Traditional diagnostic methods for &lt;i&gt;Legionella&lt;/i&gt; infection, including culture on specialized media and urine antigen testing, are limited by low sensitivity and the risk of false-negative results. In recent years, targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) has emerged as a valuable diagnostic tool. Compared with metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), tNGS offers a shorter turnaround time, higher sensitivity and specificity, and greater cost-effectiveness. As such, it is becoming increasingly important in the accurate identification of atypical pathogens in pulmonary infections.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Case summary: &lt;/strong&gt;We report the case of a patient with squamous cell lung cancer who developed severe pneumonia following combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The initial working diagnosis was immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonia (ICI-P) complicated by bacterial infection. However, sputum-targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) subsequently identified &lt;i&gt;Legionella pneumophila&lt;/i&gt; infection. Following the administration of quinolone-sensitive antibiotics, the patient's clinical condition improved markedly, and he was discharged in a stable state. A 70-year-old male farmer with a history of lung cancer, type 2 diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was admitted on February 4, 2025,with fever, cough, and dyspnea following chemoimmunotherapy. He had received paclitaxel, cisplatin, and tislelizumab on January 24.Initial tests revealed leukopenia, neutropenia, and chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. On admission, the patient exhibited hypoxemia, hyponatremia, and elevated inflammatory markers, raising suspicion for ICI-P complicated by bacterial infection. Despite empirical broad-spectrum antibiotics and corticosteroids, his condition deteriorated, requiring transfer to the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU). On February 13","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1663978"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of extrachromosomal DNA in tumorigenesis and progression.","authors":"Xiaoyang Ma, Xiaolin Yu, Chuan Wu, Lixing Song","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1665024","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1665024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In tumors, extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) is an important driver of oncogene expression, genomic instability, the evolution of drug resistance, and poor patient prognosis. ecDNA is present in various tumors but is rarely found in normal cells. Here, we provide a detailed review of the structure, genetics, occurrence, outcomes, and functions of ecDNA, offering further reference for research on ecDNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1665024"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of trends in the incidence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related liver cancer in the BRICS countries from 1990 to 2021, alongside projections for the next 15 years.","authors":"Congjie Chen, Siying Huang, Huiqiang Wu, Weitao Hu, Chaowei Li, Dongwei Du, Taiyong Fang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1632843","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fonc.2025.1632843","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Despite the ongoing rise in the global burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related liver cancer (NALC), systematic analyses and long-term trend projections of the disease's burden in the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia Federation, India, China, and South Africa) remain relatively scarce.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The objective of this study was to systematically assess the incidence dynamics of NALC in the BRICS countries during the period from 1990 to 2021 to reveal its epidemiological characteristics, to assess the potential public health challenges, and to forecast the development trends over the next 15 years.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study collated and systematized the incidence data of NALC in the BRICS countries from 1990 to 2021, drawing upon the global burden of disease database (2021). The indicators that were analyzed included the incidence rate, the age-standardized incidence rate, the annual percentage change, and the average annual percentage change. The analysis incorporated the utilization of two distinct models: the joinpoint regression model and the age-period-cohort model. These models were employed to evaluate the temporal effects and population characteristics. Additionally, the autoregressive integrated moving average model was implemented to offer insights into the potential future risk of the disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;From 1990 to 2021, the incidence of NALC in the BRICS countries demonstrated a marked increase. The incidence rate in China exhibited an increase from 0.34 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 0.28-0.42) to 0.79 (95% UI: 0.61-1.01). Brazil demonstrated a rise from 0.07 (95% UI: 0.06-0.08) to 0.17 (95% UI: 0.15-0.20). The Russian Federation demonstrated a rise from 0.14 (95% UI: 0.12-0.16) to 0.39 (95% UI: 0.33-0.45). India demonstrated a rise from 0.13 (95% UI: 0.10-0.16) to 0.32 (95% UI: 0.26-0.38). South Africa demonstrated a rise from 0.29 (95% UI: 0.18-0.47) to 0.74 (95% UI: 0.59-0.89). The sex analysis demonstrated that, in the majority of countries except India, the male incidence rate exhibited a higher rate of increase than the female incidence rate. The steepest age-specific increase occurred in the oldest cohorts, notably 90+ years. The predictions derived from the autoregressive integrated moving average model indicate that the prevalence of NALC morbidity is anticipated to escalate in the BRICS nations over the ensuing 15-year period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study reveals a sustained upward trend in NALC incidence in the BRICS countries during 1990-2021 and significant differences in the pace and drivers of growth across countries. The heterogeneity reflected by the joinpoint and APC models reveals gaps in the burden of metabolic diseases, public health response, and policy implementation across countries. In order to address this challenge, priority should be given to the promotion of metabolic disease","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1632843"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12476988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}