Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics最新文献_第3页

CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF DNA CONTENT VARIATION IN ZEA 玉米DNA含量变异的原因与后果

Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.35407/bag.2022.33.01.03

G. González, M. F. Realini, M. F. Fourastié, L. Poggio

{"title":"CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF DNA CONTENT VARIATION IN ZEA","authors":"G. González, M. F. Realini, M. F. Fourastié, L. Poggio","doi":"10.35407/bag.2022.33.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35407/bag.2022.33.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Cytogenetic evidence indicates that Zea, which comprises maize (Z. mays ssp. mays) and its wild relatives, is an allopolyploid genus. Our research group has carried out numerous cytogenetic studies on Zea species, mainly focused on native Argentinian and Bolivian maize landraces. We found a wide inter- and intraspecific genome size variation in the genus, with mean 2C-values ranging between 4.20 and 11.36 pg. For the maize landraces studied here, it varied between 4.20 and 6.75 pg. The objectives of this work are to analyze the causes of genome size variation and to discuss their adaptive value in Zea. This variation is mainly attributed to differences in the heterochromatin located in the knobs and to the amount of interspersed DNA from retrotransposons. Polymorphisms in presence or absence of B-chromosomes (Bs) and the population frequency of Bs are also a source of genome size variation, with doses ranging between one and eight in the landraces analyzed here. Correlation analysis revealed that the percentage of heterochromatin is positively correlated with genome size. In addition, populations cultivated at higher altitudes, which are known to be precocious, have smaller genome sizes than do those growing at lower altitudes. This information, together with the positive correlation observed between the length of the vegetative cycle and the percentage of heterochromatin, led us to propose that it has an adaptive role. On the other hand, the negative relationship found between Bs and heterochromatic knobs allowed us to propose the existence of an intragenomic conflict between these elements. We hypothesize that an optimal nucleotype may have resulted from such intranuclear conflict, where genome adjustments led to a suitable length of the vegetative cycle for maize landraces growing across altitudinal clines.\u0000\u0000Key words: B chromosomes, heterochromatin, intragenomic conflict, knobs, maize landraces","PeriodicalId":124759,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123759310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COMPLEMENTARY TOOLS UTILIZED IN THE PEA (Pisum sativum L.) BREEDING PROGRAM AT UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE ROSARIO 豌豆(Pisum sativum L.)辅助工具的应用罗萨里奥国立大学的育种计划

Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.35407/bag.2021.32.02.03

M. F. Guindón, F. Cazzola, C. Bermejo, M. Espósito, I. Gatti, E. Cointry

引用次数: 0

CONTRIBUTION OF THE GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF TALL FESCUE (Festuca arundinacea SCHREB.) IN ARGENTINA: SYNTHESIS OF ACHIEVEMENTS AND ADVANCES 高羊茅遗传改良的贡献(英文)在阿根廷:成就和进步的综合

Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.35407/BAG.2021.32.02.01

P. Rimieri

引用次数: 0

PEA (Pisum sativum L.) BREEDING: ADVANCES OF THE BREEDING PROGRAM AT UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE ROSARIO 豌豆(Pisum sativum L.)育种:罗萨里奥国立大学育种计划的进展

Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.35407/bag.2021.32.02.02

I. Gatti, F. Cazzola, C. Bermejo, M. F. Guindón, M. Espósito, E. Cointry

{"title":"PEA (Pisum sativum L.) BREEDING: ADVANCES OF THE BREEDING PROGRAM AT UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE ROSARIO","authors":"I. Gatti, F. Cazzola, C. Bermejo, M. F. Guindón, M. Espósito, E. Cointry","doi":"10.35407/bag.2021.32.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35407/bag.2021.32.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"A pea breeding program to increase production in quantity and quality was started in 2005 in the College of Agrarian Sciences (FCA), National University of Rosario (UNR). The first steps were to gather an active collection of germplasm from around the world and to analyze genetic variability through morpho-agronomic and molecular traits in order to set objectives. In 2014, the National Institute of Agropecuarian Technology (INTA) and the FCA-UNR, joined forces to unite inter-institutional efforts for promoting the local development of pea genotypes adapted to the region. This program, using conventional methodologies, has so far obtained a new commercial line (Primogénita FCA-INTA) of green cotyledons, semi-leafless, with high adaptation to local agro ecological conditions and high yield potential. Breeding, nevertheless, is a slow process. Developing new pea varieties usually takes a decade or more when using traditional methodologies; thus, different alternatives were proposed for the reduction of this period. Doubled haploids and in vitro culture have been some of the methodologies developed; in pulses, however, they have not been efficiently implemented in breeding programs. In this context, Speed Breeding emerges as a technology that allows increasing the efficiency of the programs, while reducing costs and the required labor.\u0000\u0000Key words: peas, conventional methodologies, Speed Breeding, doubled haploids.","PeriodicalId":124759,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128684897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT METHODOLOGIES IN LENTIL (Lens culinaris MEDIK) BREEDING 不同方法在小扁豆育种中的应用

Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.35407/bag.2021.32.02.04

C. Bermejo, F. Maglia, T. Palacios, M. Espósito, F. Cazzola, M. Guindon, I. Gatti, E. Cointry

{"title":"APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT METHODOLOGIES IN LENTIL (Lens culinaris MEDIK) BREEDING","authors":"C. Bermejo, F. Maglia, T. Palacios, M. Espósito, F. Cazzola, M. Guindon, I. Gatti, E. Cointry","doi":"10.35407/bag.2021.32.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35407/bag.2021.32.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is a self-pollinating diploid (2n=2x=14) species belonging to the Fabaceae family. It is one of the oldest crops known, with 8,000 to 9,000 years of history and it is among the earliest domesticates from the Near East Fertile Crescent. The seeds have high nutritional value. This crop is an interesting substitute to wheat in cereal rotations but its importance is low due to a lack of suitable varieties with local adaptation. Some of the major problems that Argentinian lentil breeders face are the narrow genetic base of the current cultivated germplasm and its low yield potential. A lentil breeding program was initiated in 2004 to develop new varieties with adaptation to prevalent conditions in growing areas of Argentina. Germplasm was obtained from ICARDA (International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas) and local producers. Conventional breeding methods using hybridization and selection are being carried out to develop improved varieties, broad the genetic base, and isolate superior recombinant inbred lines. Two new varieties have been obtained, one of the macrosperm type (Boyerito FCA) and the other of the microsperm type (Tacuarita FCA) through the application of mass selection in F2 populations from the cross of selected materials. This program complements traditional breeding methods with biotechnological techniques such as transgenesis, use of molecular markers, in vitro embryo culture combined with the SSD method to shorten the breeding time, and digital phenotyping. \u0000\u0000Key words: Lentil, conventional methodologies, in vitro embryo culture, biotechnology techniques, digital phenotyping.","PeriodicalId":124759,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132490689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MAGRARIO: A NEW GENOTYPE TO PRODUCE QUALITY SHEEP MEAT Magrario:一种生产优质羊肉的新基因型

Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.35407/bag.2021.32.02.05

L. Picardi

{"title":"MAGRARIO: A NEW GENOTYPE TO PRODUCE QUALITY SHEEP MEAT","authors":"L. Picardi","doi":"10.35407/bag.2021.32.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35407/bag.2021.32.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"Generally there is poor tradition to produce and to commercialize heavy lean lamb carcasses. To achieve a better product for the ovine meat market Ideal (Polwarth) breed ewes were backcrossed to Texel breed rams (breed recognized to reduce carcass fat). Ideal breed (I) is one of the most ordinary breeds in Argentina. However, when their lambs are reared in feed-lot conditions, a high fat content is found in their lamb carcasses. After three generations of backcrosses followed by a breeding program for increase male lamb weaning weight and female fertility a new genotype was obtained for the local ovine meat production systems. This new genotype registered as Magrario (M) was obtained at Villarino Field Station of UNR (Zavalla, Santa Fe, 33º S, 61º W). It was verify that M produced more lean meat than I breed under feet lot conditions. M rams were introduced in flocks of Hampshire Down (HD) breed to evaluate lamb crosses with lean meat. Genotype M was compared under feed lot conditions with HD lambs during two months in the post weaning. Also crosses (MxHD), (MxI) and (IxHD) were evaluated in the same conditions. At the end of the experiment ultrasonic methods were used to evaluate fat depot on Longissimus dorsi. The (MxHD) showed a reduction of 20% respecting to HD. These results suggested that M genotype could be a useful paternal genotype to reduce fat depots when the aim is to produce lamb crosses under feed lot conditions in a short period of time. \u0000\u0000Key words: ovine, lean meat, feed lot, crossing.","PeriodicalId":124759,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115849002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GGM. GENÓMICA Y GENÉTICA MOLECULAR 良好管理。基因组学和分子遗传学

Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.35407/bag.2021.32.01.suppl.15

引用次数: 0

TALLERES

Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.35407/bag.2021.32.01.suppl.03

E. De

{"title":"TALLERES","authors":"E. De","doi":"10.35407/bag.2021.32.01.suppl.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35407/bag.2021.32.01.suppl.03","url":null,"abstract":"valoración inicial, que incluye la realización Uno de los problemas más importantes de del triángulo de evaluación pediátrica (TEP) los Servicios de Urgencias Pediátricas de la y el ABCDE (A: vía aérea, B: ventilación, C: mayoría de los países industrializados es la circulación, D: disfunción neurológica, E: masificación experimentada en los últimos exposición) para estabilizar al paciente, y años, por tanto, uno de los retos que se planfinaliza con la historia dirigida y la exploratean en la actualidad, es evitar que esta ción para intentar llegar a un diagnóstico. masificación demore la asistencia de un Se debe realizar una reevaluación constante niño con un proceso potencialmente grave. de la situación clínica del paciente, que perEl objetivo fundamental en la organización mita identificar problemas nuevos y ayude a de la asistencia urgente es diferenciar la decidir si el tratamiento inicial continuará o urgencia banal de la urgencia real, por este es preciso modificarlo. motivo es necesario realizar una catalogaEl objetivo del TEP es estandarizar la impreción o clasificación de los pacientes, es decir, sión clínica inicial de un paciente, previaun triaje o proceso de valoración clínica premente a la toma de constantes y a la exploliminar, antes de la valoración diagnóstica y ración física. Consiste en valorar como norterapéutica completa, que permita conocer mal o anormal la apariencia, la respiración y el grado de urgencia de cada paciente. Se la circulación. trata de identificar a los pacientes más","PeriodicalId":124759,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132719619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ANALYSIS OF MIXED DATA TO SELECT BANANAS CLONES (Musa SPP.) TO BE INCLUDED IN A GERMPLASM BANK 选择香蕉无性系(Musa SPP)纳入种质资源库的混合数据分析

Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.35407/bag.2020.32.01.04

A. P. D. Medico, G. Tenaglia, A. Lavalle, M. S. Vitelleschi, G. Pratta

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF MIXED DATA TO SELECT BANANAS CLONES (Musa SPP.) TO BE INCLUDED IN A GERMPLASM BANK","authors":"A. P. D. Medico, G. Tenaglia, A. Lavalle, M. S. Vitelleschi, G. Pratta","doi":"10.35407/bag.2020.32.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35407/bag.2020.32.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"In an asexually reproducing hybrid such as banana (Musa spp.), the assessment of clones in the short term is limited because replications are frequently unavailable in the proper number. The aim of this work is to propose the Multiple Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (MFAmix) as a tool for establishing objective criteria to identify banana clones that preserve variability for qualitative and quantitative variables. In the long term, the aim is the development of a banana germplasm bank. MFAmix was applied on a population composed of 124 banana clones collected from different farmers’ fields and four controls. Two groups of variables related to the agronomic aptitude of the clones were evaluated, one composed of nine quantitative variables, and the other, composed of three dichotomous qualitative variables. A Selection Index (SI) was built from the MFAmix coordinates in order to rank the clones and select a subset that allows to preserve the existing genetic variability. The first two axes of MFAmix explained a 49.47% of the total data variability. The set of the banana clones was successfully characterized based on quantitative and qualitative variables. In the long term, the creation of a banana germplasm bank should consider the height and diameter of the plant, the rachis bunch weight and the hands weight, and the qualitative variable plant leafiness.\u0000\u0000Key words: asexual hybrid, collection of germplasm, multivariate analysis, Musaceae.","PeriodicalId":124759,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126591986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ex situ PLANT GERMPLASM CONSERVATION REVISED AT THE LIGHT OF MECHANISMS AND METHODS OF GENETICS 植物种质资源迁地保护的遗传学机制和方法

Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.35407/bag.2020.32.01.02

E. Camadro, P. Rimieri

{"title":"Ex situ PLANT GERMPLASM CONSERVATION REVISED AT THE LIGHT OF MECHANISMS AND METHODS OF GENETICS","authors":"E. Camadro, P. Rimieri","doi":"10.35407/bag.2020.32.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35407/bag.2020.32.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture are ex situ conserved in germplasm banks as samples (accessions) of natural or naturalized populations, either as the originally sampled propagules (mainly seeds) or their multiplications. The premises underlying ex situ conservation are that (a) it is the safest and cheapest alternative for germplasm preservation for future generations and (b) accessions are representative of the genetic diversity encountered in nature. In the past decades, ideas, alternatives and considerations have been put forward on the topic, and protocols have been devised for plant germplasm sampling, conservation and multiplication. However, limitations in the management efficiency of germplasm banks have been pointed out by international organizations. In our opinion, germplasm banks in general need to revise their functioning and management at the light of principles and methods of Genetics. To that end, it is necessary to consider the reproductive biology of higher plants -whose genetic consequences at both the individual plant and the population levels are not always either fully understood or taken into account in devising the protocols-, the genetic structures of wild and cultivated populations, and the course of the genetic material in the populations. In this paper, we discuss the three topics and provide an example of a national forage breeding program, from germplasm bank accessions as the germplasm of origin to the obtainment of commercial cultivars. Finally, we present a proposal as a base for discussion among curators, researchers and breeders.\u0000\u0000Key words: accessions, breeding, genetic resources, germplasm banks, population genetics","PeriodicalId":124759,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122827335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1