Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Long-term spatiotemporal dynamics of β-lactamase resistome in the Han River, South Korea.","authors":"Do-Hoon Lee, Yong-Seok Kim, Dae-Wi Kim, Dong-Sook Kim, Chang-Jun Cha","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1903212","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1903212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, particularly resistance to widely prescribed β-lactam antibiotics, is a critical public health threat worldwide. Aquatic ecosystems act as key reservoirs where antibiotic resistance genes accumulate and are transmitted between environmental bacteria and human pathogens within a One Health framework. To move beyond short-term observations and better understand these cross-sectoral dynamics, we conducted 5-year longitudinal surveillance using shotgun metagenomics across different seasons along the Han River, South Korea. Our analysis revealed a diverse repertoire of β-lactamases, predominantly belonging to Ambler classes A and D, which also accounted for most mobile β-lactamase genes and were enriched in densely populated downstream regions. Furthermore, β-lactamase genes exhibited clear seasonal fluctuations, with a pronounced winter surge in total and mobile β-lactamase gene abundances. We also identified a substantial fraction of novel variants, whose abundance and composition varied across spatial and seasonal gradients. Network analysis revealed that the genera <i>Pseudomonas</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i> acted as primary hosts, with their mobile β-lactamase genes highly connected to multiple taxa, suggesting important roles in β-lactamase gene transmission. These findings suggest that preemptive management of aquatic β-lactamase genes is a fundamental strategy for mitigating future resistance crises within a One Health framework and provide critical evidence for identifying transmission pathways and tracking resistance evolution between natural and clinical environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1903212"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and functional characterization of the gut microbiota in women with early pregnancy loss in Northwest China.","authors":"Hui Yao, Juanjuan Chen, Cai Liu, Juanjuan Huang, Ling Liu, Qi Wang, Fang Wang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1895733","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1895733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early pregnancy loss (EPL) is a common adverse pregnancy outcome with a complex and incompletely understood etiology. Moreover, metagenomic studies of the gut microbiota in women with EPL in Northwest China remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to characterize differences in gut microbial composition and predicted functional potential between women with EPL (EPL group) and normal controls (NCs) using shotgun metagenomic sequencing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected fecal samples from 216 women in Northwest China (EPL group, <i>n</i> = 72; NCs, <i>n</i> = 144). Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed to analyze gut microbiota composition and assess the functional potential of the microbiota.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study revealed significant differences in the composition of the gut microbiota between the EPL group and NCs, as assessed by alpha and beta diversity analyses (<i>p</i> < 0.001). <i>Bacteroides</i> was significantly more abundant in the EPL group, whereas <i>Coprococcus</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, and <i>Roseburia</i> were significantly more abundant in NCs. Compared to NCs, the EPL group had higher relative abundances of species such as <i>Bacteroides stercoris</i>, <i>Bacteroides plebeius</i>, and <i>Bacteroides uniformis</i>, but lower relative abundances of <i>Bifidobacterium adolescentis</i>, <i>Megamonas funiformis</i>, and <i>Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans</i>. Partial correlation analysis showed that Bacteroidetes was positively correlated with EPL at the phylum level. At the genus level, <i>Odoribacter</i>, <i>Parabacteroides</i>, and <i>Haemophilus</i> were positively correlated with EPL, whereas <i>Corynebacterium</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, and <i>Roseburia</i> were negatively correlated with EPL. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that pathways such as L-rhamnose degradation I, L-arginine biosynthesis III and 2-oxobutanoate degradation I exhibited significant positive correlations with EPL. In contrast, pathways including purine nucleobases degradation I (anaerobic) and chitin derivatives degradation showed significant negative correlations with EPL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of our study revealed significant differences in gut microbiota composition and metabolic pathways between the EPL group and NCs, indicating that gut microbiome alterations are associated with EPL.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1895733"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of microbial succession and biochemical changes in cigar tobacco filler and wrapper leaves during fermentation.","authors":"Zhaoliang Geng, Bin Cai, Yanqi Hu, Beisen Lin, Tongjing Yan, Huajun Gao, Abdullah Khan, Xinghua Ma","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1922631","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1922631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bulk fermentation of cigar tobacco leaves couples microbial succession and chemical transformations; however, it remains unclear whether commercially distinct filler and wrapper leaves follow different ecological and biochemical trajectories under identical industrial conditions. Using 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing, together with conventional chemical indices and volatile profiling, we tracked filler and wrapper leaves (two commercial cultivars, variety 204 and variety 108) through 0, 10, 18, 49, and 89 days of industrial bulk fermentation. The results revealed that reducing sugars declined by 63% in filler leaves (0.57 to 0.21%) and 66% in wrapper leaves (0.59 to 0.20%), whereas alkaloid dynamics differed between materials: filler leaves showed a transient mid-fermentation rise before decline, while wrapper leaves declined from the outset. Bacterial communities shifted from Proteobacteria-dominated early assemblages toward increased Firmicutes during later fermentation, with <i>Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> as major genera. Fungal communities were dominated primarily by <i>Ascomycota</i>, with <i>Aspergillus</i> prevalent across fermentation and <i>Papiliotrema</i> becoming more prevalent at later stages. Bray-Curtis based ordination showed structured, directional succession in both bacterial and fungal communities, and fermentation time explained substantially more community variation than material type (bacteria: R² = 0.57 vs. 0.04; fungi: R² = 0.42 vs. 0.08). Correlation, redundancy and network analyses linked both bacterial and fungal community variation to sugars, nitrogenous compounds, alkaloids, and volatile classes, although these associations remain correlative rather than causal. By directly comparing filler and wrapper leaves under identical industrial fermentation environment, this study highlights that commercially distinct cigar materials follow divergent ecological and biochemical trajectories, providing a process-resolved basis for fermentation monitoring and material-specific quality management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1922631"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dual nature of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Fo47: from plant disease suppression to potential pathogenicity risks.","authors":"Marta Burgberger, Stanisław Roguż, Beata Augustyniak, Wioleta Wojtasik","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1920231","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1920231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungal diseases threaten crop productivity, and the limitations of intensive fungicide use highlight the need for sustainable plant protection strategies. The non-pathogenic, endophytic strain <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Fo47 is one of the best-characterized models of disease-suppressive fungi. This review summarizes current knowledge on Fo47 as a beneficial endophyte and biological control agent, while also considering biosafety concerns related to the horizontal transfer of pathogenicity determinants. Fo47-mediated protection involves direct mechanisms, including competition, antibiosis and physical interference with pathogens, as well as indirect plant-mediated responses such as endophyte-mediated resistance and priming. Fo47 colonization may modulate PR proteins, ROS and antioxidant metabolism, cell wall remodeling, secondary metabolism and hormone-related signaling. However, these responses depend on the host plant, pathogen species and timing of application. Therefore, Fo47 represents a valuable model for endophyte-mediated disease suppression, but its broader agricultural use requires careful risk assessment. This review focuses primarily on evidence from tomato, pepper and flax pathosystems, while also incorporating findings reported in several other plant hosts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1920231"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of the mechanisms and active compounds of <i>Scutellaria barbata</i> D. Don against influenza A (H1N1) virus.","authors":"Ying Yang, Junjing Shao, Lin Hou, Shihao Sun, Guihong Qi","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1945077","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1945077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Scutellaria barbata</i> D. Don (<i>S. barbata</i>), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb widely used for its heat-clearing and detoxifying properties, has shown broad-spectrum antiviral potential. However, its anti-H1N1 activity and underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the anti-H1N1 activity and underlying mechanisms of <i>S. barbata</i> extract were investigated using H1N1-infected MDCK cells and BALB/c mice. Transcriptomic analysis followed by mRNA and protein-level validation was performed to characterize its molecular effects, while UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS was used to identify blood-absorbed constituents. Potential active compounds were subsequently screened by integrating the absorbed constituents with network pharmacology and further validated <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>S. barbata</i> extract markedly inhibited H1N1 replication in MDCK cells (IC₅₀ = 42.87 μg/mL; CC₅₀ > 500 μg/mL) and reduced viral burden and pulmonary inflammation in infected mice. Mechanistically, <i>S. barbata</i> treatment suppressed the Toll-like receptor, NF-κB, and chemokine signaling pathways, suggesting coordinated regulation of antiviral and inflammatory responses. Among the blood-absorbed constituents, baicalein and chrysoeriol were identified as key candidate active compounds and exhibited potent anti-H1N1 activity <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> (IC₅₀ = 13.80 and 11.10 μM, respectively).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Collectively, these findings demonstrate that S. barbata exerts anti-H1N1 effects through a combination of direct inhibition of viral replication and modulation of excessive inflammatory responses, with baicalein and chrysoeriol representing important contributors to its antiviral activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1945077"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prebiotic dietary fibers, gut microbiota, and short-chain fatty acid production: from fermentation mechanisms to clinical translation.","authors":"Kannadasan Charumathi, Seongok Kim, Hakdong Shin","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1927734","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1927734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The importance of the gut microbiota in regulating host homeostasis, immune responses, metabolism, and dietary interactions is increasingly recognized. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), microbial metabolites produced through the fermentation of dietary substrates, play a central role in mediating these interactions. Drawing on mechanistic evidence from <i>in vivo</i> studies and insights from <i>in vitro</i> host-microbe fermentation models, this review critically examines how prebiotic dietary fibers have influenced the human gut microbial ecosystem, fermentation pathways, and SCFA production over the past decade. Major prebiotic classes, including fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, inulin, resistant starches, pectins, xylooligosaccharides, human milk oligosaccharides, and selected polyphenols, are discussed in relation to their fermentability, microbial selectivity, and capacity to stimulate acetate, propionate, and butyrate production. Evidence from human intervention studies generally demonstrates modest yet biologically meaningful improvements in intestinal barrier integrity, inflammatory regulation, glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and gut-brain communication. However, responses remain highly variable and are strongly influenced by baseline microbiota composition, habitual dietary patterns, medication exposure, intervention duration, and host metabolic status. Important gaps remain in linking mechanistic findings with clinical outcomes, explaining inter-individual differences in prebiotic responses, and standardizing methods for assessing microbiota and SCFAs. To address these limitations, this review proposes an integrated framework connecting prebiotic properties, microbial fermentation, SCFA-mediated host signaling, <i>in vitro</i> host-microbe models, and clinical evidence within the context of precision nutrition. This framework provides a systematic basis for understanding variable responses to prebiotics and for developing more personalized interventions. Future research should prioritize standardized analytical methods, well-designed stratified clinical trials, multi-omics integration, and computational approaches to identify responder phenotypes and optimize targeted prebiotic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1927734"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential of tobacco microorganisms for enhancing the flavor of naturally fermented essential oils.","authors":"Yan Jin, He Aiming, Hu Qi, Ye Zhuming, Zhang Yihan, Kan Qixin","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1780070","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1780070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To isolate and characterize aroma-producing microorganisms from tobacco and evaluate their fermentation potential, 12 strains obtained from tobacco leaves and root soil were identified as members of the genera Enterobacter, Burkholderia, and Pseudomonas. High amylase activity was detected in most Enterobacter and Pseudomonas strains, whereas low cellulase activity and limited ethanol tolerance were generally recorded across all isolates. A total of 174 volatile compounds were detected by HS-SPME-GC-MS, among which alcohols were the most abundant class. Seventy-four odor-active compounds were identified by relative odor activity value analysis, with ketones (2,3-butanedione) and aldehydes ((E, E)-2,4-Decadienal, (E)-2-nonenal) being highlighted as key contributors to sweetness, fatty, and green aroma. The strains were categorized into two metabolic aroma types: ketone type, aldehyde type, which were associated with pyruvate and lipoxygenase pathways. It was demonstrated that microbial metabolic specificity determines aroma profiles, thereby providing a foundation for targeted flavor design through strategic strain selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1780070"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMicAP: an intelligent microbial application platform for knowledge-driven microbiome research.","authors":"Chaoyu Zhu, Xing Wang, Lihui Feng, Mingzhang Xu, Zhengkun Huang, Weijie Chen, Lei Liu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1955928","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1955928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microorganisms play a pivotal role in health and disease, yet microbial research is hindered by fragmented data, heterogeneous knowledge representation, and a lack of integrated analytical tools. Existing databases and knowledge graphs often focus narrowly on genomic information, leaving critical metabolomic and literature-based associations underdeveloped.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We developed the Intelligent Microbial Application Platform (IMicAP), an AI-driven, open-access web platform that integrates 12 microbial databases and over 35 million articles. IMicAP delivers 5 core modules: (1) Knowledge Query module for rapid data retrieval; (2) Knowledge Graph module for multi-hop reasoning and hypothesis generation; (3) Intelligent Question-Answering module for professional natural language dialogue in the field of microbiology; (4) Genome Browser module for genomic visualization; and (5) 16S rRNA Sequencing Analysis module for zero-code microbial bioinformatics analysis. Using curated microbe-disease and microbe-small molecule relations extracted with biomedical language models, IMicAP enables context-aware exploration of microbial relations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IMicAP (available at: https://www.imicap.com:8443) is the first comprehensive, open-access, AI-powered microbial platform designed to bridge the gap between fragmented microbial data and actionable biological insights. It directly addresses 4 key limitations in existing resources: (1) Fragmented analysis without integrated workflows; (2) Narrow disease scope covering only one or two disease types; (3) Incomplete knowledge from restricted data sources; and (4) neglect of metabolomic information. IMicAP serves as a versatile resource for advancing microbiome research and translational discoveries. Future development focus on expanding microbial coverage, enhancing reasoning scalability, and evolving toward a dual knowledge-and-data-driven architecture to further support mechanistic discovery in microbial systems biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1955928"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13668525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"4-Hydroxycoumarin inhibits biofilm formation and enhances antibiotic efficacy against <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7.","authors":"Hongxing Zhang, Jing Xu, Yaxin Zhou, Zhijin Zhang, Zixuan Shang, Bing Li, Yubin Bai, Jiyu Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1934000","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1934000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Conventional bactericidal antibiotics often fail to eradicate Escherichia coli O157:H7 (<i>E. coli</i> O157) infections due to biofilm-mediated antimicrobial tolerance, and monotherapy can inadvertently drive resistance selection. This study aimed to identify compounds capable of modulating LuxS/AI-2-related phenotypes and to evaluate their potential to disrupt biofilms and enhance antibiotic efficacy against <i>E. coli</i> O157.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of 4-HC on biofilm formation, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) biosynthesis, and flagella-mediated motility were assessed in vitro. Antibiotic potentiation was evaluated through combination assays across multiple antibiotic classes. In vivo efficacy was tested in a murine systemic infection model, with qualitative histological observation used to evaluate splenic, hepatic, and ileal tissue damage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>4-HC disrupted biofilm formation by suppressing EPS biosynthesis and flagella-mediated motility, thereby destabilizing biofilm architecture and impairing bacterial dissemination. 4-HC acted as a broad-range potentiator for most antibiotics tested, with the most pronounced effect observed in combination with fosfomycin sodium. This combination reduced systemic bacterial burden and restored intestinal barrier function <i>in vivo</i>. In the murine model, the 4-HC-fosfomycin regimen improved survival and markedly attenuated splenic necrosis and ileal tissue damage, with efficacy superior to monotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>4-HC disrupts biofilm formation and enhances antibiotic efficacy against <i>E. coli</i> O157 infection, supporting the strategy of combining biofilm-modulating adjuvants with conventional antibiotics to combat antimicrobial resistance. However, rigorous safety evaluation is required before clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1934000"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of environmental conditions on two vibriophages and their host.","authors":"Marcela León, Neri Vargas, Kívely Lozano, Santiago Gacitúa, Carlos Omar Lomelí-Ortega, Irais Ramírez-Sánchez, Eduardo Quiroz-Guzmán, Roberto Bastías","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1914226","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1914226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacteriophages play a key role in regulating <i>Vibrio</i> populations in marine environments, and environmental conditions may influence their replication and interactions with bacterial hosts. This study aimed to isolate and characterize the bacteriophage PvVp2, which infects the pandemic <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> strain KX, and to compare its environmental performance with that of phage CHOED, a lytic phage infecting <i>Vibrio anguillarum</i>. Phage PvVp2 possesses a 43,158 bp double-stranded DNA genome encoding a MazG-like pyrophosphatase, a putative auxiliary metabolic gene. Phylogenetic analysis clustered PvVp2 with vibriophages vB_Vc_SrVc2 and vB_Vc_SrVc9, sharing nearly 100% nucleotide identity. To evaluate the effect of environmental conditions on phage-host interactions, the replication of both phages was assessed under different temperatures, pH values and salinities. Performance curves showed that <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> and PvVp2 were adapted to warmer conditions than <i>V. anguillarum</i> and CHOED, respectively. PvVp2 replicated efficiently between 22 °C and 40 °C, whereas CHOED replication was restricted to 14 °C-30 °C. Both phages replicated over narrower ranges of environmental conditions than their bacterial hosts, and deviations from optimal conditions increased latent periods and reduced burst sizes. Infection assays further showed that CHOED displayed greater lytic activity at 14 and 25 °C, whereas PvVp2 exhibited a lower but relatively stable lytic activity across the temperatures evaluated. These findings demonstrate that temperature, pH and salinity strongly influence phage replication and phage-host interactions, highlighting that the environmental range supporting phage replication is generally narrower than that supporting bacterial growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1914226"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}