Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"The microbiota, the malarial parasite, and the mice-a three-sided relationship.","authors":"Shanli He, Yanwei Qi","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1615846","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1615846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, the role of gut microbiota in modulating malaria susceptibility and infection progression has emerged as a pivotal focus in interdisciplinary research. While existing reviews have delineated mechanisms by which mosquito-associated gut microbiota regulate <i>Plasmodium</i> development, a systematic synthesis of the tripartite interplay among host gut microbiota, <i>Plasmodium</i> and host immunometabolic networks remains absent. Compared with previous studies predominantly focusing on single species or unitary mechanisms, this review fills the gap in cross-species integrated analysis of host-microbiota-pathogen interactions. By consolidating metagenomic, metabolomic, and immunological data, this review transitions from unitary mechanistic explanations to multi-omics-driven systematic analyses, demonstrating that murine microbiota suppresses <i>Plasmodium</i> proliferation through adaptive immune activation and metabolic product regulation. Meanwhile, <i>Plasmodium</i> infection induces decreased microbial diversity and functional pathway deviation in murine microbiota, exacerbating host immunometabolic imbalance. These advancements not only elucidate core biological principles governing \"microbiota-host-pathogen\" interactions but also transcend traditional pathogen-centric perspectives by pioneering precise intervention strategies based on microbiota homeostasis restoration. This provides theoretical foundation for developing microbiome-targeted precision prevention approaches, which will continue to make substantial contributions to malaria research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1615846"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of SPH and SP80 prolongs the lifespan of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> natto to enhance industrial menaquinone-7 biosynthesis.","authors":"Liu-Xiu Hu, Yu Chen, Hong-Ping Zhou, Wei Tao, Xu-Li Gao, Chuan-Chao Wu, Hui-Min Zhang, Ru-Meng Han, Yu-Qi Li, Yan Liu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1578160","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1578160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Menaquinone-7 (MK-7) production from renewable feedstocks using <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> natto provides a promising pathway toward sustainability. However, MK-7 yields are often limited by poor microbial cell viability. In this study, a novel fermentation strategy aimed at prolonging the lifespan of <i>B. subtilis</i> natto was investigated to enhance MK-7 biosynthesis. The results showed that the combination of soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) and Span 80 (SP80) increased intracellular and extracellular MK-7 yields by 5.6- and 7.2-fold, respectively, compared to the SP-based medium. This enhancement was associated with an extended lifespan of <i>B. subtilis</i> natto, as evidenced by increased optical density and cell length, and a reduced cell death rate-13.5% in the stationary phase compared to 39.5% in the SP-based medium. Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between key MK-7 biosynthetic genes and lifespan-related genes. The expression of growth-related autolysis genes s<i>kfF</i> and <i>sdp,</i> which contribute to reduced cannibalism, was downregulated by 4.89- and 5.19-fold, respectively. In contrast, expression of the cell division genes <i>ftsZ</i> and <i>ftsL</i>, which promote cell division, was upregulated by 7.52- and 6.31-fold, respectively. Improved fermentation performance was attributed to a 2.26-fold increase in oligopeptides (Mw < 1 kDa) and moderate levels of amino acids, particularly Phe, Arg, and Glu, derived from the enzymatic hydrolysis of soy protein by Protamex 1.6, present in the SPH+SP80 medium. Meanwhile, the prolonged lifespan also promoted MK-7 biosynthesis by upregulating key membrane-associated genes such as <i>menA</i> and <i>menD</i>, which showed 1.43- and 1.47-fold increases in expression, respectively. This contributed to improved MK-7 precursor availability and enhanced MK-7 assembly efficiency in <i>B. subtilis</i> natto. Collectively, these results indicate that prolonging the lifespan of <i>B. subtilis</i> natto using SPH+SP80 represents a promising and effective strategy for improving industrial MK-7 production.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1578160"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syncytium: the viral escape room secret to persistent infection of SARS-CoV-2.","authors":"Oksana Palchevska, Francisco Dominguez","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1561274","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1561274","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1561274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Lactobacillus paragasseri</i> HM018 derived from breast milk ameliorates hyperlipidemia in high-cholesterol rats by modulating bile acid metabolism.","authors":"Chunyu Yao, Xianping Li, Mi Tang, Lu Liu, Xiaoqian Cai, Xueping Yuan, Jufeng Hu, Junying Zhao, Weicang Qiao, Yue Zhang, Lijun Chen","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1599931","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1599931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hyperlipidemia, a prevalent metabolic disorder with rising global incidence, has become a major public health concern. Probiotics allow for a mild intervention strategy for hyperlipidemia management that has garnered increasing attention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of <i>Lactobacillus paragasseri</i> HM018 in hypercholesterolemic rats.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>We established three dosage groups (2.5 × 10⁸, 5 × 10⁸, and 1.5 × 10⁹ CFU/rat), demonstrating that HM018 significantly reduced high-fat diet-induced serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, while ameliorating gut microbiota dysbiosis and decreasing the <i>Firmicutes</i>/<i>Bacteroidetes</i> ratio. Our transcriptomic analysis revealed that HM018 markedly upregulated <i>Apoa1</i> expression both in the ileum and liver, while enhancing <i>Abcg5</i>/<i>Abcg8</i> gene expression to promote <i>β</i>-sitosterol efflux. Concurrently, hepatic <i>Cocs2/3</i> and <i>Cish</i> gene expression was downregulated, attenuating their inhibitory effects on hormonal and glucagon signaling, thereby improving glucose and lipid metabolism. Metabolomic profiling further indicated that HM018 significantly altered bile acid composition by modulating gut microbiota-mediated bile acid metabolism. In conclusion, <i>Lactobacillus paracasei</i> HM018 could ameliorate hyperlipidemia through multiple pathways, including gut microbiota modulation, hepatic lipid/glucose/bile acid metabolism improvement, and intestinal cholesterol efflux gene expression enhancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1599931"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomics-assembled genomes reveal microbial metabolic adaptation to athalassohaline environment, the case Lake Barkol, China.","authors":"Maripat Xamxidin, Xuanqi Zhang, Gang Zheng, Can Chen, Min Wu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1550346","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1550346","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Salt-tolerant and halophilic microorganisms are critical drivers of ecosystem stability and biogeochemical cycling in athalassohaline environments. Lake Barkol, a high-altitude inland saline lake, provides a valuable natural setting for investigating microbial community dynamics and adaptation mechanisms under extreme salinity. In this study, we employed high-throughput metagenomic sequencing to characterize the taxonomic composition, metabolic potential, and ecological functions of microbial communities in both water and sediment samples from Lake Barkol. We reconstructed 309 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), comprising 279 bacterial and 30 archaeal genomes. Notably, approximately 97% of the MAGs could not be classified at the species level, indicating substantial taxonomic novelty in this ecosystem. Dominant bacterial phyla included &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonadota&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Bacteroidota&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Desulfobacterota&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Planctomycetota&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Verrucomicrobiota&lt;/i&gt;, while archaeal communities were primarily composed of &lt;i&gt;Halobacteriota&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Thermoplasmatota&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Nanoarchaeota&lt;/i&gt;. Metabolic reconstruction revealed the presence of diverse carbon fixation pathways, including the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle, the Arnon-Buchanan reductive tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) cycle, and the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway. Autotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, alongside members of &lt;i&gt;Cyanobacteria&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Desulfobacterota&lt;/i&gt;, were implicated in primary production and carbon assimilation. Nitrogen metabolism was predominantly mediated by &lt;i&gt;Gammaproteobacteria&lt;/i&gt;, with evidence for both nitrogen fixation and denitrification processes. Sulfur cycling was largely driven by &lt;i&gt;Desulfobacterota&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonadota&lt;/i&gt;, contributing to sulfate reduction and sulfur oxidation pathways. Microbial communities exhibited distinct osmoadaptation strategies. The \"salt-in\" strategy was characterized by ion transport systems such as Trk/Ktr potassium uptake and Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;/H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; antiporters, enabling active intracellular ion homeostasis. In contrast, the \"salt-out\" strategy involved the biosynthesis and uptake of compatible solutes including ectoine, trehalose, and glycine betaine. These strategies were differentially enriched between water and sediment habitats, suggesting spatially distinct adaptive responses to local salinity gradients and nutrient regimes. Additionally, genes encoding microbial rhodopsins were widely distributed, suggesting that rhodopsin-based phototrophy may contribute to supplemental energy acquisition under osmotic stress conditions. The integration of functional and taxonomic data highlights the metabolic versatility and ecological roles of microbial taxa in sustaining biogeochemical processes under hypersaline conditions. Overall, this study reveals extensive taxonomic novelty and functional plasticity among microbial communities in Lake Barkol and underscores the influence of salinity in structuring microbial assemblages a","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1550346"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High prevalence of enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains in hospitalized diarrhea patients: a preliminary study from a cholera-endemic area in India (2022).","authors":"Hemant Kumar Khuntia, Prabir Manna, Deepak Kumar Barik, Subhojeet Biswas, Prasanta Kumar Bramha, Sanghamitra Pati, Manoranjan Ranjit, Madhusmita Bal, Anna Salomi Kerketta","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1470783","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1470783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ETEC), producing heat-stable (ST) and/or heat-labile (LT) enterotoxins, is a major cause of diarrhea in children and travelers in developing countries. Surveillance in cholera-endemic regions is crucial for timely public health response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between May and November 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Puri, India. Rectal swabs from 256 hospitalized diarrhea patients were analyzed for diarrheagenic <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> using microbiological and molecular methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility of ETEC isolates was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ETEC was detected in 20.3% of cases, making it the most prevalent pathogen. No Vibrio cholerae was isolated. EAEC and EPEC were identified in 6.2% and 2.3% of cases, respectively. ETEC was significantly more common in children under 2 years (<i>p</i> < 0.00001), though overall age correlation was weak (<i>R</i> = -0.013). Symptoms included watery stool, vomiting, abdominal pain, and dehydration, with dehydration significantly associated with adults (<i>p</i> < 0.05). ETEC strains were susceptible to streptomycin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and amikacin.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>ETEC has emerged as the dominant diarrheal pathogen in a cholera-endemic area, posing a risk to both children and adults. These findings highlight the need for continued epidemiological monitoring and age-targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1470783"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting indigenous <i>Schizosaccharomyces japonicus</i> for genotype exploration and organic acid degradation analysis.","authors":"Qiling Chen, Chunxiao Wang, Zhanyan Zhang, Zhangyu Yang, Wenya Zhou, Jiaojiao He, Angxin Song, Yuangen Wu, Shuyi Qiu, Lizhen Han","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1569585","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1569585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Schizosaccharomyces japonicus</i> belongs to fermentative non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeast, which has been reported to be predominant in the late stage of natural wine fermentation, and can coexist with <i>S. cerevisiae</i>. This study targeted the indigenous <i>S. japonicus</i> strains found in Guizhou, China, to explore their genotype diversity, and to further analyze their fermentation properties especially on the degradation capacity of malic acid. Seven microsatellite loci were developed including GA1, CG3, SyGAA2, C11, SaGAA1, C12, and TG2, and 43 genotypes were identified from 63 <i>S. japonicus</i> strains. All <i>S. japonicus</i> strains showed high malic acid reduction rate (higher than 90%) by initial metabolic analysis, except FBKL2.9SZJ-43 showing medium malic acid reduction rate (89.47%). The highest malic acid reduction rate was found in FBKL2.9SZJ-37 (98.64%). Ten <i>S. japonicus</i> strains were selected for further simulated fermentations based on their genotype, flocculation, and organic acid degradation traits. Among them, FBKL2.9SZJ-37 and FBKL2.9SZJ-55 showed good fermentation ability, strong malic acid degradation capacity, and relative weak tartaric acid degradation performance under both simulated fermentation conditions. Further fermentations using <i>Rosa sterilis</i>, <i>Rosa roxbunghii</i> Tratt <i>juice</i>, and <i>Cabernet Sauvignon</i>, verified the fermentation characteristics of the two <i>S. japonicus</i> strains when compared to <i>S. cerevisiae</i>. Especially for FBKL2.9SZJ-37, it showed good ethanol production, stronger glycerol formation and acid degradation ability, with malic acid reduction rate being 60.50, 64.98 and 98.32% in fermentations of three fruits, respectively. This study displays initial explorations on genotyping and fermentation application of indigenous <i>S. japonicus</i> especially for malic acid type fruit wine making, which would help to the development and application of potential excellent non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeast sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1569585"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic resistance rates in <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> isolated from patients with acne vulgaris: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Chunxiao Zhu, Baozhen Wei, Yang Li, Changyuan Wang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1565111","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1565111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> (<i>C. acnes</i>) is closely related to the pathogenesis of acne, and studies related to the antibiotic resistance rates of <i>C. acnes</i> have been reported worldwide; however, relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses are still lacking. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the resistance in <i>C. acnes</i> to relevant antibiotics, that this information may be used to provide a rational basis for the antibiotic treatment of acne.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant studies in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Data were systematically searched from January 1, 2005, to April 1, 2025, and the resistance rates of <i>C. acnes</i> isolates to quinolones, macrolides, tetracyclines, and other relevant antibiotics were collected. The combined resistance rate was calculated via the <i>R</i> language program package 4.3.2, with subgroup analyses based on different years, continents, countries, provinces in China and different drug susceptibility testing methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 8,846 studies were systematically retrieved and 23 studies were included, corresponding to 2,046 isolates of <i>C. acnes</i>, which have shown antibiotic resistance rates ranging from high to low: 48.17% (95% CI: 41.16-55.24%) for roxithromycin, 45.64% (95% CI: 20.49-73.22%) for clarithromycin, 43.33% (95% CI: 27.81-60.29%) for azithromycin, 29.20% (95% CI: 22.14-37.43%) for erythromycin, 22.38% (95% CI: 14.69-32.56%) for clindamycin, 5.93% (95% CI: 2.91-11.69%) for levofloxacin, 2.44% (95% CI: 0.99-5.89%) for doxycycline, 1.47% (95% CI: 0.00-85.72%) for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), 1.31% (95% CI: 0.45-3.70%) for tetracycline, 0.28% (95% CI: 0.04-1.94%) for chloramphenicol, 0.22% (95% CI: 0.03-1.89%) for minocycline. Subgroup analysis revealed that, compared with those in other regions, the resistance rates to macrolides and clindamycin were higher in China. In addition, the levofloxacin, erythromycin, and clindamycin resistance rates were progressively increasing over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In certain regions, the relatively high antibiotic resistance rates (e.g., 77% (95% CI: 62-87%) for clarithromycin in China) in <i>C. acnes</i> isolates may be attributed to the overuse of antibiotics in acne treatment. The resistance rates in <i>C. acnes</i> to tetracyclines, such as 2.44% (95% CI: 0.99-5.89%) for doxycycline, remain relatively low, which allows tetracyclines to continue serving as first-line antibiotics for acne treatment. In addition, the resistance rates to levofloxacin, erythromycin, and clindamycin markedly increased over time (<i>p</i> < 0.05). This emphasizes the significance of rational use of the antibiotics in acne treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1565111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between high-fat diet, gut microbiota, and precocious puberty: mechanisms and implications.","authors":"Nan Wu, Ke Ning, Yanan Liu, Qinghua Wang, Ning Li, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1564902","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1564902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Precocious puberty (PP) is the second most common pediatric endocrine disorder globally and poses a growing public health concern, particularly among girls. While the exact biological mechanisms underlying PP remain unclear, unhealthy dietary patterns, particularly the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD), are recognized as significant modifiable risk factors. The gut microbiota (GM) is an environmental factor that is disrupted by HFD and may modulate the onset and progression of PP. This review explored the intricate relationship between HFD, GM, and PP, and elucidated the potential mechanisms by which HFD may promote PP development by summarizing evidence from preclinical to clinical research, focusing on the role of GM and its derived metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, lipopolysaccharides, and neurotransmitters. Mechanistic exploration provides novel insights for developing microbiota-targeted therapeutic strategies, such as dietary and lifestyle interventions, fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, and traditional Chinese medicine, paving the way for promising approaches to prevent and manage PP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1564902"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The biocontrol effects and mechanisms of mycoparasitic <i>Alternaria alternata</i> against Chinese rose powdery mildew.","authors":"Yanping Tang, Ruotian Gao, Changle Ma, Jin Wang, Jing Li","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1598458","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1598458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chinese rose powdery mildew, caused by <i>Podosphaera pannosa</i>, is a devastating disease which has a significant impact on plants' ornamental and economic value. Strain KMR13, which exhibited pronounced mycoparasitic activity against <i>P. pannosa</i>, was isolated during the initial phase of this study; however, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In order to analyze the biological control and mycoparasitism mechanisms, the present study was carried out to sequence the whole genome of strain KMR13 using a combination of second-generation Illumina and third-generation nanopore platforms, to mine chitinase genes from the KMR13 genome, and to screen for chitinase genes related to mycoparasitism by detecting the expression of the genes at different time periods of sporulation induction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed a genome size of 33,532,117 base pairs (bp) with a GC content of 50.97%, encoding 12,545 genes and 379 non-coding RNAs. Functional annotations using NR, GO, KOG, Pfam, and KEGG databases identified 12,355, 8,208, 1,871, 7,911, and 7,657 genes, respectively. A total of 15 GH18 family genes were mined in KMR13, and a total of 10 chitinase genes were detected to be expressed in the transcriptome under spore induction, 5 genes were consistently up-regulated for expression after induction, and 5 genes had the highest expression at 24h of induction. RT-qPCR analysis of 5 genes with high expression as well as high fold expression showed significant differential expression for all genes, with the highest expression at 24 h of induction. Up-regulated expression of <i>KMRChis</i> after induction is likely to play a role in disrupting the spore wall during mycoparasitic process of strain KMR13. Field trials demonstrated that KMR13 conidial suspensions significantly suppressed <i>P. pannosa</i>-induced powdery mildew, although the control efficacy was lower than that observed under greenhouse conditions.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings collectively highlight the potential of KMR13 as a biological control agent and provide a theoretical foundation for eco-friendly management of Chinese rose powdery mildew.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1598458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144325030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}