Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling six novel bacterial strains for fipronil and thiobencarb biodegradation: efficacy, metabolic pathways, and bioaugmentation potential in paddy soil.","authors":"Nastaran Faridy, Ehssan Torabi, Ahmad Ali Pourbabaee, Ebrahim Osdaghi, Khalil Talebi","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1462912","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1462912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Soil bacteria offer a promising approach to bioremediate pesticide contamination in agricultural ecosystems. This study investigated the potential of bacteria isolated from rice paddy soil for bioremediating fipronil and thiobencarb, common agricultural pesticides.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bacterial isolates capable of degrading fipronil and thiobencarb were enriched in a mineral salt medium. A response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken design was utilized to optimize pesticide degradation with the isolated bacteria. Bioaugmentation tests were performed in paddy soils with varying conditions.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Six strains, including single isolates and their mixture, efficiently degraded these pesticides at high concentrations (up to 800 µg/mL). <i>Enterobacter</i> sp., <i>Brucella</i> sp. (alone and combined), and a mixture of <i>Stenotrophomonas</i> sp., <i>Bordetella</i> sp., and <i>Citrobacter</i> sp. effectively degraded fipronil and thiobencarb, respectively. Notably, a single <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. strain degraded a mixture of both pesticides. Optimal degradation conditions were identified as a slightly acidic pH (6-7), moderate pesticide concentrations (20-50 µg/mL), and a specific inoculum size. Bioaugmentation assays in real-world paddy soils (sterile/non-sterile, varying moisture) demonstrated that these bacteria significantly increased degradation rates (up to 14.15-fold for fipronil and 5.13-fold for thiobencarb). The study identifies these novel bacterial strains as promising tools for bioremediation and bioaugmentation strategies to tackle fipronil and thiobencarb contamination in paddy ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rapid point-of-care population-scale dipstick assay to identify and differentiate SARS-CoV-2 variants in COVID-19-positive patients.","authors":"Deepjyoti Paul, Jyoti Verma, Shakti Kumar, Daizee Talukdar, Pradipta Jana, Lekshmi Narendrakumar, Roshan Kumar, Subhash Tanwar, Mudita Gosain, Sonali Porey Karmakar, Madhu Pareek, Shailendra Mani, Susmita Chaudhuri, Pallavi Kshetrapal, Nitya Wadhwa, Shinjini Bhatnagar, Pramod Kumar Garg, Bhabatosh Das","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1459644","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1459644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Delta and Omicron variants of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are remarkably contagious, and have been recognized as variants of concern (VOC). The acquisition of spontaneous substitutions or insertion-deletion mutations (indels) in the spike protein-encoding gene substantially increases the binding affinity of the receptor binding domain (RBD)-hACE2 complex and upsurges the transmission of both variants. In this study, we analyzed thousands of genome sequences from 30 distinct SARS-CoV-2 variants, focusing on the unique nucleic acid signatures in the spike gene specific to the Delta and Omicron variants. Using these variant-specific sequences, we synthesized a range of oligonucleotides and optimized a multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay capable of accurately identifying and differentiating between the Delta and Omicron variants. Building on this mPCR assay, we developed a dipstick format by incorporating a tag linker sequence at the 5' end of the forward primer and adding biotin to the 3' end of the oligonucleotides, enhancing the assay's usability and accessibility. Streptavidin-coated latex beads and the dipstick imprinted with a probe for the tag linker sequence in the test strips were used for the detection assay. Our dipstick-based assay, developed as a rapid point-of-care test for identifying and differentiating SARS-CoV-2 variants has the potential to be used in low-resource settings and scaled up to the population level.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotic and abiotic properties mediating sediment microbial diversity and function in a river-lake continuum.","authors":"Yabing Gu, Delong Meng, Zhenghua Liu, Min Zhang, Zhaoyue Yang, Huaqun Yin, Yanjie Liang, Nengwen Xiao","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1479670","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1479670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A river-lake system plays an important role in water management by providing long-term and frequent water diversions. However, hydrological connectivity in the system can have a profound effect on sediment microbial communities through pH, nutrient concentrations, and benthos invertebrates. Consequently, identifying the key environmental factors and their driving mechanisms is vital for microbial adaptation strategies to extreme environments. In this study, we analyzed the significant difference in sediment bacterial and fungal community structures and diversity indices among Dongting Lake and its tributary rivers, which worked as a typical river-connected lake ecosystem. There were significant differences in biotic and abiotic environments in the sediment habitats of Dongting Lake and its tributary rivers. Random forest analysis revealed that pH and <i>Mollusca</i> were found to be the most important abiotic and biotic variables for predicting both bacterial and fungal community structures, respectively. The beta diversity decomposition analyses showed that the bacterial and fungal community compositional dissimilarities among different sections were dominated by species replacement processes, with more than half of the OTUs in each section being unique. Notably, both biotic and abiotic factors affected the number and the relative abundance of these bacterial and fungal unique OTUs, leading to changes in community composition. <i>Mollusca</i>, pH, TP, NO₃-N, and NH₄-N were negatively related to the relative abundance of <i>Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes</i>, and <i>Ascomycota</i>, while <i>Annelida</i> and ORP were positively related to the relative abundance of <i>Actinobacteria</i> and <i>Gemmatimonadetes</i>. Additionally, PICRUSt analysis revealed that the functional dissimilarity among lakes and rivers was strengthened in unique species compared to all species in bacterial and fungal communities, and the changes of functional types helped to improve the habitat environment in the main Dongting Lake and promote the process of microbial growth. From our results, the role of macrozoobenthos and physicochemical characteristics in driving the sediment microbial community spatial variations became clear, which contributed to further understanding of the river-lake ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving plant salt tolerance through <i>Algoriphagus halophytocola</i> sp. nov., isolated from the halophyte <i>Salicornia europaea</i>.","authors":"Yuxin Peng, Dong Hyun Cho, Zalfa Humaira, Yu Lim Park, Ki Hyun Kim, Cha Young Kim, Jiyoung Lee","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1466733","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1466733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Salicornia europaea</i>, commonly known as glasswort, thrives in reclaimed land and coastal areas with high salinity, demonstrating remarkable adaptation to the arid conditions of such environments. Two aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strains, designated TR-M5^T and TR-M9, were isolated from the root of <i>Salicornia europaea</i> plants. These bacteria exhibit plant growth-promoting and salt tolerance-enhancing abilities, which have not been reported in other species of the genus. Both strains produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a plant growth hormone, and synthesize proline, which functions as an osmoprotectant. Additionally, they possess gelatinase and cellulase activities. Cells grow in temperatures from 4 to 42°C (optimum 25°C), pH levels from 6.0 to 9.0 (optimum 7.0), and NaCl concentrations from 0 to 8.0% (optimum 6.0%). The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values of strain TR-M5^T with the most closely related type strains for which whole genomes are publicly available were 74.05-77.78% and 18.6-23.1%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains TR-M5^T and TR-M9 belong to the genus <i>Algoriphagus</i>. <i>A. locisalis</i> exhibited the highest similarity, sharing a sequence identity of 98.1%. The genomes of TR-M5^T and TR-M9 exhibit a G + C content of 43 mol%. This study specifically focuses on the identification and characterization of strain TR-M5^T as a novel species within the genus <i>Algoriphagus</i>, which we propose to name <i>Algoriphagus halophytocola</i> sp. nov., highlighting its potential role in enhancing plant growth and salt tolerance in saline environments. The type strain is TR-M5^T (KCTC 92720^T = GDMCC 1.3797^T).</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The structure and function of rhizosphere bacterial communities: impact of chemical vs. bio-organic fertilizers on root disease, quality, and yield of <i>Codonopsis pilosula</i>.","authors":"Bin Huang, Yuxuan Chen, Yi Cao, Dongyang Liu, Hua Fang, Changchun Zhou, Dong Wang, Jie Wang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1484727","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1484727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Long-term use of chemical fertilizers (CFs) can cause soil compaction and acidification. In recent years, bio-organic fertilizers (BOFs) have begun to replace CFs in some vegetables and cash crops, but the application of CFs or BOFs has resulted in crop quality and disease occurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the microbial mechanism of differences between CFs and BOFs in root disease, quality, and yield of tuber Chinese herbal medicine. We studied the effects of CFs, organic fertilizers, commercial BOFs, biocontrol bacteria BOFs, and biocontrol fungi BOFs on rhizosphere microbial community structure and function, root rot, quality, and yield of <i>Codonopsis pilosula</i> at different periods after application and analyzed the correlation.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Compared to CFs, the emergence rate and yield in BOF treatments were increased by 21.12 and 33.65%, respectively, and the ash content, water content, and disease index in the BOF treatments were decreased by 17.87, 8.19, and 76.60%, respectively. The structural equation model showed that CFs promoted the quality and yield of <i>C. pilosula</i> by influencing soil environmental factors, while BOFs directly drove soil bacterial community to reduce disease index and improve the quality and yield of <i>C. pilosula</i>. There was a stronger interaction and stability of soil microbial networks after BOF treatments. <i>Microlunatus</i>, <i>Rubrobacter</i>, <i>Luteitalea</i>, <i>Nakamurella</i>, and <i>Pedomicrobium</i> were identified as effector bacteria, which were related to disease prevention and yield and quality increase of <i>C. pilosula</i>. Microbial functional analysis indicated that the signal transduction and amino acid metabolism of soil bacteria might play a major role in improving the quality and yield of <i>C. pilosula</i> in the early and middle growth stages. In conclusion, compared to CFs, BOFs obtained a lower disease index of root rot and a higher quality and yield of <i>C. pilosula</i> by changing the structure and function of the rhizosphere bacterial community.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of syndromic surveillance for the surveillance of healthcare-associated infections in resource-limited settings: a narrative review.","authors":"Herman Mwanja, J P Waswa, Reuben Kiggundu, Hope Mackline, Daniel Bulwadda, Dathan M Byonanebye, Andrew Kambugu, Francis Kakooza","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1493511","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1493511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) pose a significant threat to patient safety and healthcare systems. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the lack of adequate resources to manage HCAIs, as well as the weak healthcare system, further exacerbate the burden of these infections. Traditional surveillance methods that rely on laboratory tests are cost-intensive and impractical in these settings, leading to ineffective monitoring and delayed management of HCAIs. The rates of HCAIs in resource-limited settings have not been well established for most LMICs, despite their negative consequences. This is partly due to costs associated with surveillance systems. Syndromic surveillance, a part of active surveillance, focuses on clinical observations and symptoms rather than laboratory confirmation for HCAI detection. Its cost-effectiveness and efficiency make it a beneficial approach for monitoring HCAIs in LMICs. It provides for early warning capabilities, enabling timely identification and response to potential HCAI outbreaks. Syndromic surveillance is highly sensitive and this helps balance the challenge of low sensitivity of laboratory-based surveillance systems. If syndromic surveillance is used hand-in-hand with laboratory-based surveillance systems, it will greatly contribute to establishing the true burden of HAIs in resource-limited settings. Additionally, its flexibility allows for adaptation to different healthcare settings and integration into existing health information systems, facilitating data-driven decision-making and resource allocation. Such a system would augment the event-based surveillance system that is based on alerts and rumours for early detection of events of outbreak potential. If well streamlined and targeted, to monitor priority HCAIs such as surgical site infections, hospital-acquired pneumonia, diarrheal illnesses, the cost and burden of the effects from these infections could be reduced. This approach would offer early detection capabilities and could be expanded into nationwide HCAI surveillance networks with standardised data collection, healthcare worker training, real-time reporting mechanisms, stakeholder collaboration, and continuous monitoring and evaluation. Syndromic surveillance offers a promising strategy for combating HCAIs in LMICs. It provides early warning capabilities, conserves resources, and enhances patient safety. Effective implementation depends on strategic interventions, stakeholder collaboration, and ongoing monitoring and evaluation to ensure sustained effectiveness in HCAI detection and response.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of Lactobacillus fermentation conditions and its application in the fermentation of salt-free sauerkraut.","authors":"Wenlun Wang, Wenbing Li, Yan Huang, Ying Yang, Hui Liu, Chaohang Yu, Qing Yuan, Lianmin He, Qianmin Hu, Ye Li, Taoyan Meng, Huanhuan Chen, Jiabi Liao, Ou Chen, Shirui Yu, Feng Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1482163","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1482163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To identify what are the dominant lactic acid bacteria (LAB) involved in the fermentation of salt-free sauerkraut, and optimize its industrial culture conditions, we isolated and identified a strain of LAB, which is referred to as Lactobacillus sp. DF_001, with the preservation number CCTCC NO: M20232593, from five different regions in Guizhou Province. Industrial culture conditions were optimized using Plackett-Burman and Central Composite design experiments, and the potential role of this LAB in salt-free sauerkraut fermentation was validated. Bioproduction was optimal with a culture time of 66 h, starch/water ratio of 1.7% and inoculum of 0.02%, which gave approximately three-fold higher yield than the basal culture medium DeMan-Rogosa-Sharpe medium (MRS). The LAB was used in small-scale industrial experiments. The Dafang LAB significantly enhanced the sensory score of the salt-free sauerkraut products by about 32% compared to the control group. The total acid content increased by about 32% and the sugar and nitrite contents were reduced by 67.27 and 69.58%, respectively. The total number of bacterial colonies decreased by 37.5%. All other indicators complied with the national standard, providing overall the basis to improve salt-free sauerkraut fermentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial profiles and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in neonatal sepsis at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.","authors":"Teshiwal Deress, Gizeaddis Belay, Getahun Ayenew, Worku Ferede, Minichile Worku, Tigist Feleke, Meseret Mulu, Solomon Belay, Michael Getie","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1461689","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1461689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding the bacterial profiles and antibiotic susceptibility patterns causing neonatal sepsis is crucial for guiding appropriate treatment, improving patient outcomes, and combating the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Despite its importance, data regarding neonatal sepsis in the study area is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the bacterial pathogens and identify associated factors among neonates with suspected sepsis at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing laboratory records of neonates admitted for suspected sepsis from January 2019 to December 2021. Data were checked for completeness and encoded in a spreadsheet program. Then, data were exported to STATA version 17 for analysis. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were computed. The association between neonatal sepsis and potential risk factors was assessed using Pearson's chi-square test. A <i>p</i>-value of < 0.05, was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,236 neonates were included. Of these, 96.2% (1,190/1,236) had a fever before admission. The prevalence of culture-confirmed sepsis was 25.4% (314/1,236). Bacterial pathogens accounted for 23% (284/1,236) of these isolates, with Gram-negative bacteria being more prevalent at 75.3% (214/284) than Gram-positive bacteria at 24.7% (70/284). The most frequently isolated bacterial pathogens were <i>K. pneumoniae</i> 38.7% (110/284) and <i>S. aureus</i> 13% (37/284). The isolates demonstrated a high resistance level to commonly used antibiotics, with 61.6% exhibiting multidrug resistance. <i>K. pneumoniae</i> showed the highest rate of multidrug resistance (90.9%). Neonatal sepsis was associated with several factors, including fever before and after admission, hypothermia, increased respiration, suspected pneumonia, and suspected meningitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified a high prevalence of culture-confirmed sepsis in neonates at UoGCSH, with Gram-negative bacteria, especially <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, dominating the isolated pathogens. The isolated bacteria exhibited alarming resistance to commonly used antibiotics, with a high proportion demonstrating multidrug resistance. Implementing effective antibiotic stewardship programs is crucial to optimize antibiotic use, reduce unnecessary prescriptions, and curb the spread of resistant strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of antibiotic induction on virulence and antibiotic resistance in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>: a comparative study of CSKP and CRKP strains.","authors":"Ke-Da Chen, Wei Chen, Qian Zhang, Qingcao Li","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1498779","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1498779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is an opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infections, classified into carbapenem-sensitive and carbapenem-resistant strains. Understanding the virulence factors and antibiotic resistance of these strains is essential for effective clinical management.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compared the virulence genes and antibiotic resistance profiles of 50 CSKP and 50 CRKP strains, examining their expression under antibiotic pressure and the mechanisms contributing to their pathogenicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Virulence genes (<i>rmpA</i>, <i>rmpA2</i>, <i>iucA</i>, <i>iutA</i>, <i>Peg-344</i>, <i>ybts</i>, <i>iroB</i>) were detected in both strains using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antibiotic susceptibility testing established minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for key antibiotics. Gene expression analysis was performed with quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) after 10 days of antibiotic exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CSKP strains exhibited significantly higher positivity rates for virulence genes compared to CRKP strains. CRKP strains predominantly expressed resistance genes <i>KPC</i>, <i>SHV</i>, and <i>CTX-M3</i>, whereas no resistance genes were found in CSKP. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed increased MICs, particularly for ciprofloxacin and imipenem, following antibiotic induction. CSKP demonstrated elevated expression of <i>rmpA</i> and <i>rmpA2</i>, while CRKP showed increased expression of <i>SHV</i>, and <i>KPC</i> after antibiotic exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the intricate relationship between virulence and resistance in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. CSKP strains show strong virulence factor expression, while CRKP strains adapt to antibiotic pressure through altered gene expression patterns. These findings underscore the urgent need for continuous surveillance and innovative therapeutic strategies to combat multidrug-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Climate impact on plant holobiont: mitigation strategies and sustainability, volume II.","authors":"Shekhar Jain, Anukool Vaishnav, Devendra Kumar Choudhary","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1503816","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1503816","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}