PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases最新文献_第9页

INVASIVE PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH INFLUENZA 与流感相关的侵袭性肺曲霉病

PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pub Date : 2019-12-30 DOI: 10.58395/pipd.v47i2.5

L. Boyanova

引用次数: 0

AETIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS AMONG CHILDREN YOUNGER THAN 5 YEARS IN BULGARIA 保加利亚5岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染的病因学结构

PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.58395/pipd.v47i1.11

I. Trifonova, S. Angelova, N. Korsun

{"title":"AETIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS AMONG CHILDREN YOUNGER THAN 5 YEARS IN BULGARIA","authors":"I. Trifonova, S. Angelova, N. Korsun","doi":"10.58395/pipd.v47i1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58395/pipd.v47i1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Acute respiratory tract infections (ARI) are a leading cause of morbidity and hospital admissions among infants and young children. This study aims to determine the viral aetiology of ARI and the clinical significance of the most common respiratory viruses in children aged <5 years in Bulgaria. During the period October 2017-March 2019, nasopharyngeal specimens were collected from children younger than 5 years in different country regions. Real-time PCR analysis was performed for detection of influenza viruses A/B, respiratory-syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV) types 1, 2 and 3, rhinoviruses (RV), adenoviruses (AdV) and bocaviruses (BoV). \u0000Of the 953 children examined, 663 (69.6%) were positive for at least one virus. The number of detected A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), B/Yamagata, B/Victoria, RSV, HMPV, PIV-1, PIV-2, PIV-3, RV, AdV and HBoV viruses was as follows: 150 (15.7%), 51 (5.6%), 50 (5.2%), 1 (0.1%), 193 (20.3%), 38 (4%), 15 (1.6%), 5 (0.5%), 17 (1.8%), 101 (10.6%), 60 (6.3%), 77 (8.1%), respectively. Co-infections with two and three viruses were found in 95 (14.3%) of the infected children. AdV, RV, BoV and PIV-3 were the most common pathogens in co-infections. Respiratory viruses were detected in 80%, 79.3%, 61.2% and 53.1% of children with laryngotracheitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia and central nervous system (CNS) complications. \u0000The results show that RSV, influenza viruses, RV and BoV were the most frequently detected viruses in children <5 years with ARI during the study period. These viruses were also leading causative agents of serious illnesses of the respiratory tract and CNS.","PeriodicalId":124630,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124532664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

INVESTIGATION OF MURINE RODENTS FOR THE PRESENCE OF LEPTOSPIRA DNA BY NESTED PCR 用巢式PCR法调查鼠类钩端螺旋体DNA的存在

PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.58395/pipd.v47i1.14

E. Taseva, I. Christova, E. Panayotova, I. Trifonova

{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF MURINE RODENTS FOR THE PRESENCE OF LEPTOSPIRA DNA BY NESTED PCR","authors":"E. Taseva, I. Christova, E. Panayotova, I. Trifonova","doi":"10.58395/pipd.v47i1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58395/pipd.v47i1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Leptospirosis is a zooanthroponosis with natural foci. People become infected with leptospires either directly from host animals or by means of certain elements of the external environment. Circulation of leptospires in nature is maintained by reservoirs and supporting hosts. For the first time in Bulgaria we applied nested PCR in examining organs of murine rodents for the presence of Leptospira spp. DNA. A total of 109 rodents were investigated after being collected from 4 districts in Southern Bulgaria: Plovdiv, Pazardzhik, Smolyan and Blagoevgrad. The genome of Leptospira spp. was found in 5 species of rodents. Results show that Microtus spp. is a potential carrier of leptospires, especially in urban areas. The high rate of leptospiral DNA-positive rodents captured in the region of Pazardzhik confirms the activity of the epizootic process in this natural focus, where epidemics of benign leptospirosis have been recorded in the past. The introduced method would help to clarify the epidemiological links more quickly in case of a leptospirosis outbreak in some regions. Stronger measures are needed to combat rats, murine rodents and their entry in warehouses, slaughterhouses and mass caterers, in order to maintain the cleanliness of open-air ponds, water sources and prevent contamination of food products. Future studies in this area would enrich the knowledge on the circulation of leptospires in their reservoirs in more areas of our country.","PeriodicalId":124630,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129637863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE SEROTYPE DISTRIBUTION AFTER THE INTRODUCTION OF PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINES 引入肺炎球菌结合疫苗后的肺炎链球菌血清型分布

PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.58395/pipd.v47i1.10

M. Malcheva

引用次数: 0

USE OF DRIED BLOOD SPOTS FOR MEASURING THE IMMUNITY AGAINST HBV 用干血点测定对乙肝病毒的免疫力

PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.58395/pipd.v47i1.12

Chijdem Ismailova, E. Golkocheva-Markova, T. Tenev, S. Krumova

{"title":"USE OF DRIED BLOOD SPOTS FOR MEASURING THE IMMUNITY AGAINST HBV","authors":"Chijdem Ismailova, E. Golkocheva-Markova, T. Tenev, S. Krumova","doi":"10.58395/pipd.v47i1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58395/pipd.v47i1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dried blood spots (DBS) have been used to study the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in endemic areas and in high-risk groups. However, detection of HBV serological markers in DBS by ELISA assays has not yet been fully optimised. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the dilution level of anti-HBs when DBS cards are used as storage matrix implemented for ELISA. \u0000Material and methods: Antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) were detected by ELISA. The following specimens were examined: serum samples from 20 patients paired with 20 DBS; serum samples from 20 HBV-vaccinated healthcare workers paired with 20 dried serum spots (DSS); and four different dilutions of Immunovenin. Different elution protocols were used in order to study the problem with sample dilution. \u0000Results: Specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 45% were established for DBS versus the “gold standard”. Dilution of the eluted DBS/DSS samples was established and in some cases the measured anti-HBs titre dropped under 10 mIU/ml. Correlation was not observed between the positive initial anti-HBs serum titres and the obtained values of DBS/DSS testing. Also, 20- to 50-fold dilutions were measured for eluted DSS samples when testing Immunovenin. Increasing of the eluted sample concentration raised DSS anti-HBs titre. \u0000Conclusions: In order to resolve the problem of dilution, it is necessary to validate different elution protocols because the small amount of sample in DBS showed lower titres.","PeriodicalId":124630,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116146505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TOXOCARIASIS - WHAT DO WE KNOW? 弓形虫病——我们知道什么?

PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.58395/pipd.v47i1.16

E. Kaneva

引用次数: 0

GENETIC SURVEY OF INVASIVE S. PNEUMONIAE SEROTYPES IN BULGARIA FOR A 5-YEAR PERIOD 保加利亚5年侵袭性肺炎链球菌血清型遗传调查

PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pub Date : 2018-12-27 DOI: 10.58395/pipd.v46i2.17

I. Simeonovski, V. Levterova, M. Malcheva, T. Kantardjiev

{"title":"GENETIC SURVEY OF INVASIVE S. PNEUMONIAE SEROTYPES IN BULGARIA FOR A 5-YEAR PERIOD","authors":"I. Simeonovski, V. Levterova, M. Malcheva, T. Kantardjiev","doi":"10.58395/pipd.v46i2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58395/pipd.v46i2.17","url":null,"abstract":"Streptococcus pneumoniae colonises the mucosal lining of the upper respiratory tract and is an important cause of invasive infections affecting young children, adults over 65 years of age, the immunocompromised and individuals with chronic diseases. Recent studies have shown variations in virulence based on the high rate of pneumococcal recombination. PCR-based molecular methods are highly sensitive, specific and are becoming the preferred tool for quick and accurate diagnosis of bacterial meningitis which is required to be defined within 2-3 hours. \u0000During the 5-year survey period (2013-2017), 202 materials received as cerebrospinal fluid samples and pneumococcal strains isolated from patients diagnosed with meningitis, were examined by Real-time PCR in the reference laboratory at NCIPD. Serotyping of S. pneumoniae-positive materials was performed with conventional multiplex PCR and Real-time PCR with primers for 41serotypes/serogroups. \u0000There is a high incidence of S. pneumoniae serotypes not covered by the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) currently used in Bulgaria. It was found that all cases of meningitis caused by S. pneumoniae vaccine serotypes occurred in patients that were not vaccinated.","PeriodicalId":124630,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127508577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

MIXED INFECTION - HANTAVIRUS HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME AND HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS ENCEPHALITIS 混合感染-汉坦病毒出血热伴肾综合征和单纯疱疹病毒脑炎

PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pub Date : 2018-12-27 DOI: 10.58395/pipd.v46i2.21

P. Argirova, I. Boev, M. Stoycheva

{"title":"MIXED INFECTION - HANTAVIRUS HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME AND HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS ENCEPHALITIS","authors":"P. Argirova, I. Boev, M. Stoycheva","doi":"10.58395/pipd.v46i2.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58395/pipd.v46i2.21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This case report describes a patient treated at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases of University Hospital “St. George” Plovdiv, with two infections occurring at the same time – haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis. Results: A 53-year-old male presented with fever, flu-like syndrome and renal impairment with mild nitrogen elevation. The patient was treated at the Clinic of Nephrology for one week. Several hours after discharge he had three generalised tonic-clonic seizures and was admitted to the intensive care unit with status epilepticus and acute respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation for 4 days. Lumbar puncture results showed: white blood cells – 1.10 6 /l, glucose – 5.3 mmol/l, total protein – 1.6 g/l, increased immunoglobulin levels. The patient was transferred to the Clinic of Infectious Diseases with suspicion of viral encephalitis. \u0000HSV type 1 was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid by PCR. Due to suspected hantavirus infection, serum was examined and IgM and IgG antibodies against the HFRS virus were detected by ELISA. Specific treatment with acyclovir was started and there was a rapid improvement in the clinical condition. Convulsions did not recur. Nitrogen levels normalised and there was a short period of polyuria. Thrombocytopenia quickly resolved without occurrence of haemorrhagic syndrome. In the course of the disease, the patient developed mild diarrhoeal syndrome and left thrombophlebitis. He was discharged clinically well with negative PCR results for HSV. \u0000In conclusion, we can assume that as a result of immunosuppression due to HFRS, HSV type 1 reactivated and led to herpes encephalitis.","PeriodicalId":124630,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131713626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DETECTION OF MEASLES AND RUBELLA ANTIBODIES IN DRIED BLOOD SPOTS 干血斑中麻疹和风疹抗体的检测

PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pub Date : 2018-12-27 DOI: 10.58395/pipd.v46i2.20

S. Krumova, E. Golkocheva-Markova, A. Pavlova, S. Angelova, I. Georgieva, P. Genova-Kalou

{"title":"DETECTION OF MEASLES AND RUBELLA ANTIBODIES IN DRIED BLOOD SPOTS","authors":"S. Krumova, E. Golkocheva-Markova, A. Pavlova, S. Angelova, I. Georgieva, P. Genova-Kalou","doi":"10.58395/pipd.v46i2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58395/pipd.v46i2.20","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the frequency of detection of measles and rubella antibodies in dried blood spots in Bulgaria. \u0000Material and Methods: Two types of clinical material, serum samples and dried blood spots (DBS), were tested from a total of 101 patients. Serological methods (indirect ELISA) were used for detection of specific viral markers (IgM and IgG antibodies) indicating acute or past measles and rubella infection. \u0000Results: In the present study, the patients were with median age of 39 years and divided into 11 age groups. The majority of patients were under 30 years of age and from the capital of Sofia. In 3 patients acute measles infection was confirmed by positive ELISA-IgM results for the serum samples and DBS. No acute rubella infection was detected. Measles and rubella IgG seroprevalence was determined as 83/101 (82%, 95% CI: 74.51÷89.49) and 79/101 (78%, 95% CI: 69.92÷86.08) in serum samples, and 79/101 (78%, 95% CI: 69.92÷86.08) and 73/101 (72%, 95% CI: 63.25÷80.75) in DBS, respectively. In combination with immunoenzymatic testing for measles and rubella IgM/IgG markers, coincidence of results for both types of clinical material was found in >90% of cases. No significant differences were found in the results in terms of gender and age. \u0000Conclusion: In recent years a variety of new and innovative applications of DBS are introduced in medicine, neonatology, virology, microbiology, etc. The optimisation of the DBS technique as an alternative approach to venepuncture in virology is very important for conducting seroepidemiological studies and to a certain extent for the surveillance of epidemic outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":124630,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases","volume":"77 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120907886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

DISTRIBUTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX IN BULGARIA 禽分枝杆菌复合体在保加利亚的分布

PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pub Date : 2018-12-27 DOI: 10.58395/pipd.v46i2.18

Y. Atanasova, S. Yordanova, Y. Todorova, A. Baikova, E. Bachiyska

{"title":"DISTRIBUTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX IN BULGARIA","authors":"Y. Atanasova, S. Yordanova, Y. Todorova, A. Baikova, E. Bachiyska","doi":"10.58395/pipd.v46i2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58395/pipd.v46i2.18","url":null,"abstract":"The members of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) are opportunistic microorganisms, common in the environment (soil and water) and cause infections in birds, mammals and humans. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of MAC representatives among suspected for tuberculosis patients in Bulgaria over an eight-year period – from 2010 to 2017. The exact epidemiology of pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease was difficult to determine because unlike cases of infection with M. tuberculosis complex, notification of NTM and MAC in particular, is not mandatory in terms of Ordinance 21 of the Ministry of Health (1) and there is no any accurate information about their prevalence in Bulgaria. The survey was conducted in the National Reference Laboratory of Tuberculosis at the National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases. MAC was identified using phenotypic methods, biochemical features and molecular genetic assay (LPA). \u0000A total of 596 NTM strains were identified during the study period and 16.8% (n=100) of them were MAC. In EU countries, MAC representatives areprevalent among NTM isolates, but in Bulgaria they are significantly less in number.","PeriodicalId":124630,"journal":{"name":"PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases","volume":"298 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134532007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1