Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management最新文献

{"title":"Cloning in Genesis for Sex Hierarchy in the Feminist Domain","authors":"A. Karodia, Shanaaz Essop","doi":"10.12816/0028309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0028309","url":null,"abstract":"The paper attempts by means of a literature review to discuss Cloning as outlined in Genesis for sex hierarchy in the feminist Domain. In positing arguments in respect of the subject matter, the researchers are aware that the topic is a controversial issue that will raise concerns from various quarters. In no way does the paper attempt to compromise the belief system of Christians or for that matter Christianity. It explores the concept as outlined in the Old Testament and links the concept to the New Testament in terms of both the theological and socio – cultural paradigm. The paper must therefore, be clearly understood without emotion from the perspectives of feminist theology. In so doing the paper makes some salient observations, in this regard using the bible as its point of reference. It therefore, further explores the mass control of people through the processes of colonialism and imperialism that was used to subjugate people in order to adhere to the tenets of Christianity. In so doing, the paper argues that Christianity was used to passively and aggressively, exploit the masses, and to drive its globalizing agenda. It also argues that the concepts of liberation and equality, in the context of feminism, are reactionary to social reform and therefore, cannot be substantiated by biblical reinterpretation. It further argues that including genesis there are other verses of gender inequality in the bible, which seems to ratify Eve’s secondary position to Adam or woman’s secondary position to men. The paper therefore explores the biological aspects of biblical patriarchy in terms of the concepts of primal socialization. The authors have no doubt that the paper through the concept of a literature review will open up sensitive issues that have not hitherto been explored. The paper uses empirical evidence based on science to articulate the views of the authors. In this sense the literature review sets out to explore and discuss this important issue from the perspective of broadening our horizons in respect of issues that have hitherto not been fully explained to the adherents of the different religions and particularly to the adherents of Christianity in terms of the equality of women. It is hoped that this paper will reach a wide audience and shed some light on an important subject matter and topic that requires further in depth exploration by researchers in general.","PeriodicalId":124555,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131271883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliving the Education Philosophy of Sir Muhammad Iqbal : Poet , Humanist , Educationist , Philosopher and Great Thinker : A Man for All Seasons","authors":"A. Karodia","doi":"10.12816/0028315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0028315","url":null,"abstract":"The works of Iqbal is a tribute to his thoughts and is extracted from his works on education written in the 1930s, which bears relevance to an ever increasing depressed world were, we find that educational thought is in disarray throughout the modern globe and, in an era of globalization and capitalist imperatives. In a world where the poor are becoming poorer and that, governments in general have failed their nations children and their communities particularly, in the vast rural peripheries of their countries, by not providing proper and sustained education to the masses of their people. His works on education strikes a chord and reality that has not resonated meaningfully in the so – called developing world and, has not made a dent on the arrogant developed world. It is therefore essential that, we attempt to briefly nuance the issues of education and individuality, the social order of Islam and above all his creative vision of education. It is also necessary to thank K.G. Saiyidain for publishing Iqbal’s works almost 80 years ago from which this narrative and opinion emanates. It is an important subject matter that requires some nuancing in a world that has fallen short in terms of education discourse and the development of societies. It is therefore necessary to reawaken and relive the works of Iqbal, primarily from his philosophy and understanding of education which is most relevant to the modern world. NOTE: This is a narrative and opinion and, therefore, no methodology is used. It is a summary of some of iqbal’s works on education. There is therefore no bibliography that is cited in this opinion.","PeriodicalId":124555,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128959230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Foreign Aid on Poverty Reduction / Alleviation Programmes in Lagos State , Nigeria","authors":"P. N. Okoronkwo, O. Victor, A. Eyitayo","doi":"10.12816/0028320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0028320","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign aid is a concept that has taken centre stage since the past decades in world affairs. There have also been arguments whether or not foreign aids serve a useful purpose in poverty reduction/eradication in the developing nations. However, this paper believed that such facility should be utilized by the developing countries to improve upon the lives of their citizens. This paper, therefore, discusses the impact of foreign aid on poverty reduction, and or eradication programmes in Lagos State, Nigeria. It examined literature on foreign aids and poverty as well as the nature of foreign aid and its strategy for poverty reduction in Lagos State. It also investigated and analysed, how foreign aid has impacted poverty eradication/ reduction programmes in Lagos State. The methodology for the study is exploratory that made use of both primary and secondary sources of data collection. The primary sources of data were collected through interview and government document; while the secondary data were collected from textbooks, library search, scholarly peer-reviewed journal articles and internet. The data collected were content analysed. The paper found out that there are serious challenges militating against the effective use of foreign aid on poverty alleviation programmes, amongst which are; misappropriation of funds, and lack of statistics on who should benefit from the programme. The paper recommended that the government should strengthen the institutional framework to ensure adequate monitoring and deployment of training centres to accommodate more people who are willing, to effectively monitor the sessions, among others.","PeriodicalId":124555,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122176344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Audience Participation and Perception of Media Programmes : Implications for National Development","authors":"M. Akoja","doi":"10.12816/0028306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0028306","url":null,"abstract":"Nigeria is a country with a great potential in terms of human and natural resources but the ability to convert the potentials into meaningful socio-economic development is perceived to be grossly deficient. The shift in paradigms from the top-down approaches that emerged in the 1950s and 60s, to the participatory/bottom-up approaches of the 1980s and 1990s, has created more curiosity among scholars concerning the ability of the media to influence development. This challenge motivated the study to evaluate audience perception of media programmes by examining audience perception and participation as well as the impact in the attainment of national development. The development media theory provided a theoretical background for this study while the survey research method was adopted in the collection of quantitative data. Abuja and Lagos were purposively selected because of the concentration of mass media and composition of rural and urban population. A sample size of 1500 respondents was chosen using the random sampling technique. Data were obtained from primary and secondary sources. Data were analysed using a combination of frequency count and simple percentage. Results revealed that 71.4% had access to development programmes through radio and television, while 36% preferred radio as the medium for access. Radio remained a popular medium for disseminating development messages in Nigeria. In addition, majority of the respondents indicated that media programmes encourage participation in national development. It concluded that the media have been effective in supporting the national objectives. It is recommended that radio be more effectively used in disseminating messages that will impact positively on national development.","PeriodicalId":124555,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130362127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unethical Marketing Research Practices in Nigeria : Manipulations in Marketing Reports","authors":"Okeke Adaora Florence, Kalu Alexanda Ogbonna Udu","doi":"10.12816/0028307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0028307","url":null,"abstract":"Key business decisions are taken based on the recommendations from research report, but the years, information drawn from such data warehouses have resulted to marketing myopia and wrong marketing investment and poor returns thereof. The problem in this study stems from the fact that the research system of a developing nation experiences high level of unethical practices which hampers the integrity of their research results. Most research report application in Nigeria transforms to inaccuracy in business decision making and marketing error, and it is against this backdrop that the need to study the implications of manipulated report arose. The objective of the study was to critically examine the implications of manipulated research report on the business operations effectiveness and efficiency. Marketing research ethics simply entails the right conduct in the marketing research process. It was ascertained that unethical research practice which results to manipulated research report includes, misrepresentation of research findings, fabrication or plagiarism and falsification of data. It was ascertained that this unethical behaviors damps innovation, leads to poor returns on marketing investment (ROMI), marketing myopia, hampers accuracy, and lot more. Researchers who manipulate their research report in ways that deceive others are violating both the basic values and widely accepted professional standards of science, failure to fulfill predetermined obligations. They mislead their colleagues and potentially impede progress in their field or research. They undermine their own authority and trustworthiness as researchers. It recommended that research group instructors should educate their students and research associates about the ethical responsibilities of authors of scientific publications and to insure that, when they are given the responsibility for submitting a paper, they are fully aware of the potential consequences, to themselves and to their coauthors, of violations in these ethical guidelines.","PeriodicalId":124555,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125662309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Medical Malpractice Litigation on Healthcare Delivery in Gauteng","authors":"Johanna Salome Mosime, N. Reddy, A. Karodia","doi":"10.12816/0027163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0027163","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the consequences of the increasing cases of malpractice litigation for the South African health care delivery system. Malpractice litigation has been on the rise in both state and private hospitals, throughout the country. The study was conducted in the province of Gauteng where increasing malpractice litigation has cost the Health Department millions of Rands. The study followed a quantitative research methodology approach. The data collection was conducted through a questionnaire survey; a technique which was selected because it enabled the collection of large amounts of data from many people in a short space of time. The targeted population numbered 244 and the sampling was done using a probability sampling technique (simple random sampling), which gave all the respondents an equal chance of being selected for the sample. The data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences computer program. The results were presented in frequency tables and charts. Kew Words: Impact, Medical, Litigation, Malpractice, Healthcare. Introduction The issue of medical malpractice is fast gaining momentum throughout the world and the South African health sector has not been spared. Medical malpractice is defined as the failure of a medical practitioner, hospital or hospital employee, in rendering services, to use the reasonable care, skill or knowledge ordinarily used under similar circumstances (Reed, 2009:1). According to Pepper and Slabbert (2011:29), litigation involving medical malpractice has been rising in South Africa. Medical malpractice claims have escalated, in terms of both size and frequency, and this is affecting both private and public sectors, equally. The rise in cases of medical malpractice litigation has been further increased through people being encouraged by the legal fraternity to become aware of their rights. According to Studdert, Mello and Brennan (2004:283), there are three main social goals of malpractice litigation: to deter unsafe practices, to compensate persons injured through negligence of medical , 2016 1 Vol. 2, No. 1 Journal of Research and Development (JRnD) 150 www.arabianjbmr.com practitioners, and to enable corrective justice. Choctaw (2008:13) argues that medical malpractice litigation has a negative impact on the retention of doctors, as doctors are now leaving the field of medicine, and those who remain are working in fear and silence. Child (2015:1) further stated that Health Minister Dr Aaron Motsoaledi announced an investigation into the reasons for the increase in medical litigation and negligence claims, as well as recommendations for remedial action. The rise in medical negligence lawsuits led the Health Minister to set up a team to investigate cases of medical malpractice. The minister suggested a cap on payouts to help health departments avoid bankruptcy. Subsequently, a litigation summit was held in Pretoria in March 2015 where the Minister","PeriodicalId":124555,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128081879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Investigation into the Management of Adherence to Antiretroviral Treatment : A Case Study of Murchison District Hospital","authors":"T. B. Kazi, J. Sader, A. Karodia","doi":"10.12816/0027162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0027162","url":null,"abstract":"The Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome constitute one of the major diseases that affect society since the first known cases in the early 1980’s. Recent statistics have indicated that South Africa has the largest and highest profile HIV/AIDS epidemic in the world with an estimated 5.7 million of its 48.3 million citizens being infected with HIV. As antiretroviral medicines become increasingly available and affordable for the treatment of eligible patients, more attention is rightly being focused on issues related to the rational use of these medicines, with one of them being adherence. One of the major challenges surrounding the management of ART programmes is the adherence of patients to their ART as non adherence of patients to their ART not only has a host of negative consequences for the patient but also a number of significant effects on the organisation and the management thereof.","PeriodicalId":124555,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134020110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of School Governing Bodies towards School Performance : Khatisa High School , Mulamula High Primary School , Jim Yingwani High School and Thomas Mofolo High School ( South Africa )","authors":"R. M. Maluleke, N. Cassim, A. Karodia","doi":"10.12816/0027160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0027160","url":null,"abstract":"This study outlines the challenges South African Education systems is exposed to and how to mend the governance which is likely to produce sustainable results through-out the country compared to neighbors like Zimbabwe which has effective educational systems in place when it comes to basic education. The dawn of democracy put education of the children in the hands of the parents so that they may able to reap the fruits of their own intentions and hard work upon the education of their children as the government in power in the country believes that people shall govern and indeed at this facet of education the parents are governing. The old system of school committees was characterized by discrimination and was highly authoritative and hierarchical as well as being undemocratically. As a result of this many schools experienced poor management, inadequate funding, ineffective teaching and poor learning.","PeriodicalId":124555,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116452472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Evaluation of the Satisfaction of Patients' Experiences in a Private Hospital in Kwa-Zulu Natal","authors":"B. Shinners, R. Cowden, A. Karodia","doi":"10.12816/0027161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0027161","url":null,"abstract":"In both the public and private health sectors, ensuring the satisfaction of patients’ experiences has been receiving increased focus, particularly as the National Health Insurance (NHI) in South Africa is being unveiled. Patient satisfaction is recognised as one of the most significant factors that guide a patient’s selection of a health care provider (Korda, 2012:1). In the private health sector where profitability is dependent on the admission and management of patients, measuring healthcare quality and improving patient satisfaction is crucial. This study evaluates the satisfaction of patients’ experiences in a private hospital located in Kwa-Zulu Natal. The hospital which will remain anonymous forms part of one of the largest private hospital Groups both in South Africa and abroad. Following the expansion and renovation of the facility, it now consists of 94 beds along with stateof-the-art diagnostic and treatment equipment. All patients who accessed the facility during the research period formed part of the target population. The study also had a sample size of 133. A structured questionnaire for gathering the required information was utilised as the research instrument.","PeriodicalId":124555,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125183424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Clinical Associates in Addressing the Human Resources Challenge of Skills Shortage : A Case Study of Tshwane District Hospital ( South Africa )","authors":"N. Cassim, Makgai Dilatlheng Monicca, A. Karodia","doi":"10.12816/0017365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0017365","url":null,"abstract":"One of the current challenges facing the National Department of Health of South Africa is the shortage of skilled healthcare professionals. Trained South African health professionals have been migrating abroad, largely due to push and pull factors. In response to this, the South African National Department of Health began to explore other available mechanisms of increasing the quantity of skilled healthcare providers. In 2004, a national task team was assembled to establish a training curriculum, identify a scope of practice and outcomes for a new healthcare provider. This new cadre of mid-level providers is known as Clinical Associates. Clinical Associates perform an important part of the medical team and work under the supervision of medical doctors. They undergo three years university training and work in district hospitals throughout South Africa upon completion. Clinical Associates are similar to physician assistants in the United States of America (USA) and non-physician clinicians in the United Kingdom (UK). Similar use has been identified in other African countries such as Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. They perform many of the tasks previously performed by physicians, including examination, diagnosis, carry out investigations, and treat patients. A full evaluation of the impact of Clinical Associates has not yet been conducted and challenges have already been identified. In this study, both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies were used. The target population comprised of Clinical Associates, medical doctors, allied healthcare professionals and members of senior management. The measuring instrument used was multiple questionnaires, assessing the effectiveness of Clinical Associates in addressing the skills shortage of healthcare professionals at Tshwane District Hospital. The instrument focused on team capacity, efficiency, flexibility, the role and scope of practice of Clinical Associates.","PeriodicalId":124555,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131700534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}