Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Combined association of gait speed and processing speed on cardiometabolic disease mortality risk in the US older adults: a prospective cohort study from NHANES.","authors":"Hang Yang, Ye Zhou, Xiaoying Wang, Xiaoming Xu","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1537413","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1537413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gait speed and processing speed, as measured by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), are important indicators of health in older adults, with their potential impact on mortality risk. However, their combined effects on cardiometabolic disease (CMD) mortality remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates how gait speed and cognitive function, individually and combined, influence CMD-specific and all-cause mortality in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002, with mortality follow-up linked to the National Death Index. Gait speed was measured by the timed 20-foot walk and processing speed was assessed using the DSST. Then the combined Gait-DSST groups were created and the Cox proportional hazards regression (HR) models were applied to examine their associations on CMD-specific and all-cause mortality, as well as the subgroup analyses stratified by age, sex and education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,482 participants aged ≥60 years were included in the study with a median follow-up of 175 months, during which 587 CMD-specific deaths and 1,627 all-cause deaths were recorded. The slow gait was significantly associated with increased risk of CMD mortality, while low processing speed was only significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality risk. When analyzing the combined groups, individuals with slow gait and high processing speed exhibited a 86% increased risk of CMD mortality (HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.68). However, the group with poor gait and processing speed had a twofold increased risk for all-cause mortality (HR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.69, 2.39). The significant associations between slow gait with low processing speed and CMD mortality was more likely to be in age<75 years, male, and less-educated populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Slow gait is a significant predictor of CMD-specific mortality in older adults, largely independent of processing speed. Routine screening of gait speed and DSST performance should be prioritized in clinical and public health settings. Future intervention studies should aim at elucidating the biological and behavioral mechanisms linking physical and cognitive function to CMD outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1537413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress of platelets in neurodegenerative diseases.","authors":"Yu Lan, Jun Ding, Tian Yu, Chi Cheng","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1544605","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1544605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurodegenerative disease (NDD) is a disease state characterized by the loss of neuronal cells in the brain and spinal cord, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). They have become a major challenge for the world's health system in the twenty-first century, with an increasing incidence year by year, complex and diverse causes, and a lack of effective therapeutic. The brain and spinal cord are composed of neurons, and activated platelets are highly similar to neurons. The occurrence and development of these diseases are often accompanied by platelet activation, suggesting that platelets play an important role in the pathological process of NDDs. This article reviews the research progress of platelets in common NDDs, and elaborates on the mechanisms of platelets' involvement in NDDs and the use as a therapeutic option for NDDs to providing new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of NDDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1544605"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting synaptic plasticity to bridge translational gaps in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.","authors":"Koji Hoshino","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1616736","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1616736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a frequent yet underrecognized complication of sepsis that significantly contributes to long-term cognitive dysfunction in survivors. Despite advances in sepsis management, there is currently no established therapy targeting SAE, and translational gaps between basic and clinical research persist. Rodent models of sepsis suffer from variability in immune responses and poor translational fidelity. Moreover, behavioral tests commonly used to assess cognition in animal models are often confounded by sepsis-induced sickness behaviors and depression-like phenotypes, especially during the acute phase. Given these limitations, targeting synaptic plasticity-both mechanistically and therapeutically-has emerged as a promising approach. Accumulating evidence indicates that SAE arises from neuroinflammation triggered by systemic inflammation, in which activated microglia and subsequent cytokine signaling contribute to neuronal dysfunction and lead to impaired hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), a fundamental mechanism of learning and memory. Importantly, electrophysiological studies have shown that LTP impairment occurs within hours to days after sepsis onset, highlighting its potential as an early and sensitive biomarker for SAE. Recent experimental interventions, including low-intensity exercise, environmental enrichment, and modulation of gut microbiota, have shown beneficial effects on SAE. These findings underscore the need for integrative, multimodal strategies that address the complex pathophysiology of SAE. Synaptic plasticity, particularly LTP, may serve not only as a functional readout of neuroinflammatory damage but also as a modifiable target for early intervention. This review highlights the translational challenges in current SAE research and advocates for a paradigm shift toward mechanism-driven and plasticity-focused therapeutic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1616736"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on microglial pyroptosis and inflammasomes: a comprehensive analysis.","authors":"Xiaofang Wang, Zhenyu Li, Bingxiang Ma, Qianfang Jia","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1582579","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1582579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microglial pyroptosis and inflammasome activation play critical roles in neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). In recent years, substantial attention has been directed toward elucidating their underlying mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and prognostic implications. This study aimed to analyze the current research landscape, hotspots, and trends in this field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Articles published over the past decade on microglial pyroptosis and inflammasomes were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. A comprehensive analysis was conducted, and high-impact articles were examined in depth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 958 articles were included. Among these, 664 originated from China, which also had the highest H-index (68), followed by 147 articles from the United States, with an H-index of 48 and the highest centrality (0.68). Southern Medical University (China) was the leading institution in terms of articles (47) and achieved the highest H-index (19). Journal of Neuroinflammation published the most articles (59) in this field. High-impact studies predominantly focused on the roles of microglial pyroptosis and inflammasomes in neurodegenerative diseases, neuroinflammation and therapeutic intervention strategies. Keywords such as \"depression,\" \"cell death,\" \"recovery,\" and \"pathogenesis\" emerged as research hotspots over the past 3 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Microglial pyroptosis and inflammasome activation have become research hotspots in neurodegenerative disease, with China and the United States leading in article output and research influence in this field. Southern Medical University (China) is the most influential institution, and the <i>Journal of Neuroinflammation</i> is the most prolific journal. Current research hotspots emphasize elucidating the pathological mechanisms of microglial pyroptosis and inflammasome activation in neurodegenerative diseases, especially in AD, PD, and MS, and exploring potential therapeutic strategies such as MCC950, quercetin, MicroRNA-7, and melatonin. Future studies are expected to focus on mechanism elucidation, disease specificity, dynamic regulation, targeted interventions, and clinical translation to enhance treatment outcomes and prognosis for neurological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1582579"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech sound discrimination in background noise across the lifespan: a comparative study in Mongolian gerbils and humans.","authors":"Carolin Jüchter, Chieh-Ju Chi, Rainer Beutelmann, Georg Martin Klump","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1570305","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1570305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many elderly listeners have difficulties with speech-in-noise perception, even if auditory thresholds in quiet are normal. The mechanisms underlying this compromised speech perception with age are still not understood. For identifying the physiological causes of these age-related speech perception difficulties, an appropriate animal model is needed enabling the use of invasive methods. In a comparative behavioral study, we used young-adult and quiet-aged Mongolian gerbils as well as young and elderly human subjects to investigate age-related changes in the discrimination of speech sounds in background noise, evaluating whether gerbils are an appropriate animal model for the age-related decline in speech-in-noise processing of human listeners. Gerbils and human subjects had to report a deviant consonant-vowel-consonant combination (CVC) or vowel-consonant-vowel combination (VCV) in a sequence of CVC or VCV standards, respectively. The logatomes were spoken by different speakers and masked by a steady-state speech-shaped noise. Response latencies were measured to generate perceptual maps employing multidimensional scaling, visualizing the subjects' internal representation of the sounds. By analyzing response latencies for different types of vowels and consonants, we investigated whether aging had similar effects on the discrimination of speech sounds in background noise in gerbils compared to humans. For evaluating peripheral auditory function, auditory brainstem responses and audiograms were measured in gerbils and human subjects, respectively. We found that the overall phoneme discriminability in gerbils was independent of age, whereas consonant discriminability was declined in humans with age. Response latencies were generally longer in aged than in young gerbils and humans, respectively. Response latency patterns for the discrimination of different vowel or consonant types were different between species, but both gerbils and humans made use of the same articulatory features for phoneme discrimination. The species-specific response latency patterns were mostly unaffected by age across vowel types, while there were differential aging effects on the species-specific response latency patterns of different consonant types.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1570305"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study protocol: The efficacy of mushroom to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk middle-aged adults and young-olds living in the community.","authors":"Jiatong Shan, Luwen Cao, Jiuyu Guo, Kai Xuan Lim, Na Li, Yinxia Chao, Yizhen Xie, Jian Chen, Wei Ma, Su Lin Lim, Irwin Kee-Mun Cheah, Mihir Gandhi, Tih-Shih Lee, Lei Feng, Kaisy Xinhong Ye","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1588493","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1588493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive function declines with increasing age and maintaining high cognitive functioning especially at late life remains a challenging question to be addressed. Emerging evidence in the role of mushroom in promoting cognition has been produced from limited observational studies but there is a lack of definitive evidence on both longitudinal relationships from prospective cohort studies and clinical efficacy from clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the definitive evidence of mushroom on cognitive functions among at-risk middle-aged and young-olds.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The first study is a 10-year cognitive assessment follow-up on an existing cohort, the Diet and Healthy Aging (DaHA), which recruited over 1,000 older adults from the year 2010 to the year 2016. The second is a carefully designed randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess the role of mushrooms in promoting cognitive functioning among around 600 middle-aged adults and young-olds.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants were selected based on specific inclusion criteria, such as being community-living adults aged 45-74 years with a family history of dementia, APOE ε4 allele, or subjective cognitive decline, while consuming mushrooms no more than once a week and having no dementia, along with the exclusion of individuals with neurological or psychiatric disorders and significant sensory or motor impairments.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Participants in the intervention group will consume Pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom powder daily for 24 months, with compliance monitored using electronic diary apps. The powder contains 7.0 mg/g of ergothioneine (dry weight).</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Cognitive function including Mini Mental State Examination, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Symbol Digit Modality test, Clinical Dementia Rating etc. along with mental health and biological markers will be measured at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years after baseline.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1588493"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding ferroptosis in ischemic stroke: key genes and the therapeutic potential of acupuncture.","authors":"Chunxiao Wu, Zhirui Xu, Qizhang Wang, Shuping Zhu, Chunzhi Tang","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1506276","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1506276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ferroptosis has been reported to be associated with the development of ischemic stroke; however, comprehensive investigations of ferroptosis-associated genes are lacking. Herein, key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to ferroptosis in ischemic stroke were identified and validated and the potential mechanism of acupuncture in treating ischemic stroke was explored through bioinformatics analysis and experiments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>High-throughput RNA sequencing was performed to identify DEGs between cerebral ischemic injury tissue and normal brain tissue in mice. Subsequently, differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DE-FRGs) were identified by intersecting the DEGs with a ferroptosis database. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to investigate potential signaling pathways involved in ischemic stroke, while protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was used to explore interactions among the DE-FRGs. Hub genes were identified using the random forest algorithm, and their RNA expression levels were validated via RT-qPCR in sham-operated, MCAO model, and acupuncture groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that one hundred twenty-seven DE-FRGs were identified by comparing cerebral ischemic injury tissue with normal brain tissue in mice. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that these DE-FRGs were primarily involved in the ferroptosis pathway, autophagy-animal pathway, apoptosis pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and longevity-regulating pathway. The top 10 hub DE-FRGs selected through the PPI analysis and random forest algorithm included SLC3A2, FTH1, MAP1LC3A, SLC40A1, TFRC, TMSB4X NRAS CD82 CD44, and PTPN18. Nine genes were confirmed to be significantly differentially expressed between the sham and MCAO mouse models. Moreover, FTH1, SLC40A1, NRAS, CD82, and PTPN18 levels significantly increased after acupuncture in ischemic stroke mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ferroptosis pathway, autophagy-animal pathway, apoptosis pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and longevity-regulating pathway were identified as crucial pathways associated with ferroptosis in cerebral ischemic stroke. Bioinformatics analysis and RT-qPCR suggested that FTH1, SLC40A1, NRAS, CD82, and PTPN18 might serve as potential key targets underlying the antiferroptotic effects of acupuncture on ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1506276"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diffusion tensor imaging of sequential neuropathological patterns in progressive supranuclear palsy.","authors":"Lavinia A Bârlescu, Günter U Höglinger, Heiko Volkmann, Albert C Ludolph, Kelly Del Tredici, Heiko Braak, Hans-Peter Müller, Jan Kassubek","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1569302","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1569302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>A neuropathological cerebral staging concept for progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) has been proposed that tau inclusions in PSP may progress in a sequential regional pattern. The objective was to develop a hypothesis-guided region/tract of interest-based (ROI/TOI) approach to use diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) targeted to analyze <i>in vivo</i> the regions that are prone to be involved at each neuropathological stage of PSP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two data cohorts were analyzed: cohort A of 78 PSP patients [55 Richardson's syndrome (PSP-RS) and 23 PSP with predominant parkinsonism (PSP-P)] and 63 controls, recorded at 3.0<i>T</i> at multiple sites, and a single-site cohort B constituted by 1.5<i>T</i> data of 66 PSP patients (46 PSP-RS and 20 PSP-P) and 44 controls. In cohort A, 21 PSP patients (13 PSP-RS and 8 PSP-P) and 17 controls obtained a follow-up scan after 17 months. Whole brain-based spatial statistics (WBSS) was used to identify the alterations in PSP patients vs. controls. The combined ROI- and TOI-based approach targeted structures that are prone to be involved during the course of PSP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WBSS demonstrated alterations predominantly in brainstem/midbrain, basal ganglia, and frontal lobe, more pronounced in the longitudinal data. Statistical analyses of the ROIs/TOIs showed a sequential pattern of structures that were assigned to previously defined neuropathological steps.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined ROI- and TOI-based DTI approach was able to map the disease stages of PSP <i>in vivo</i> cross-sectionally and longitudinally, lending support to DTI as a technical marker for imaging disease progression according to PSP stages. This approach might be useful as a tool for stratification of PSP patients MRI with respect to its proposed neuropathological progression in future longitudinal and autopsy-controlled studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1569302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential effects of concentric and eccentric contractions on the primary motor cortex in healthy young and elderly participants.","authors":"Marion Desachy, Nelly Héraud, Julien Lagarde, Simon Pla, Alain Varray","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1553277","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1553277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Aging is associated with a decline in musculoskeletal function, particularly muscle weakness, which affects a significant proportion of older adults and is associated with reduced quality of life and increased mortality. Two major contributors to age-related muscle weakness are muscle atrophy and cortical alterations. Eccentric exercise has been identified as a promising intervention to counteract these declines, as it has the potential to increase both muscle mass and cortical activity in young people. However, while the benefits of eccentric contractions on muscle mass in older adults are well documented, their effects on cortical activity, particularly in the lower limbs, remain unclear. The aim of this study was to compare cortical activity during concentric and eccentric quadriceps contractions of young and older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study included 32 healthy participants: 17 young (23 ± 4 years, 6 women, 11 mens) and 15 older (62 ± 7 years, 7 women, 8 mens). Muscle strength was assessed using an isokinetic ergometer, muscular activity with electromyography electrodes positioned on quadriceps, and cortical activity using electroencephalography (EEG). Participants performed 40 concentric and 40 eccentric voluntary contractions against 20% of their maximal voluntary isometric contraction. EEG data were processed to analyze motor-related cortical potentials, specifically the negative potential (NP). The NP was divided into two main components: latency and amplitude as indicators of cortical activity during movement preparation and execution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in participants characteristics between groups, except for age. Muscular activity was lower during eccentric than concentric contractions (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Cortical activity was significantly lower in older compared to young adults, which was reflected in reduced NP latency across several electrodes (Cz, <i>p</i> = 0.03; C4, <i>p</i> = 0.02; FC2, <i>p</i> = 0.02). However, regarding NP amplitude, it was significantly higher during eccentric contractions in Cz, C4, FC5, and C2 electrodes (<i>p</i> < 0.05) across both age groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first to investigate cortical activity during eccentric lower limb contractions in older adults. The results suggest that eccentric contractions induce greater cortical activation compared to concentric, even in older adults who generally exhibit reduced cortical activity. These findings support the potential of eccentric as an effective intervention to improve motor function and muscle strength in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1553277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normal and slow learners: a new discriminative method based on the speed of spatial learning in aged mice.","authors":"Céline Duffau, Senka Hadzibegovic, Vojislav Andelkovic, Bruno Bontempi, Olivier Nicole","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1567929","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1567929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is accompanied by a decline in cognitive functions, including spatial memory, yet significant variability exists in the learning abilities of older individuals. Using a large cohort of aged and young male mice, we employed spatial discrimination testing in an 8-arm radial maze to investigate age-related differences in performance in spatial learning and to categorize individual memory phenotypes within the aged population. Despite a general learning ability across groups, aged mice showed slower acquisition rates compared to young counterparts, highlighting age-related cognitive difficulties in establishing or discriminating spatial representations. By modeling individual learning curves, we classified aged mice into two subgroups-normal learners (NL) and slow learners (SL)-based on learning speed. SL mice demonstrated significantly delayed spatial memory acquisition compared to NL and young mice, suggesting pronounced heterogeneity in cognitive aging. This method provides a robust framework to explore the neurobiological underpinnings of learning deficits and may inform the development of targeted interventions to mitigate age-related memory decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1567929"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}