Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"From hormones to neurodegeneration: how FSH drives Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Yafei Xue, Shuqi Zuo, Fei Wang, Xiaoyi Qi","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1578439","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1578439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role and function of follicle-stimulating hormone in the gonads have been extremely studied. However, recent research has begun to explore the relationship between elevated follicle-stimulating hormone levels and the prevalence of extragonadal disorders, particularly in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. These disorders include endometrial cancer, osteoporosis, obesity, and atherosclerosis. This review provides new insights into the relationship between follicle-stimulating hormone and the development of age-related diseases, with a focus on Alzheimer's disease. Follicle-stimulating hormone does not act alone in promoting Alzheimer's disease but often works in conjunction with inflammation, lipid accumulation, and vascular alterations. Furthermore, follicle-stimulating hormone synergizes with obesity, gut microbiota, autophagy, and aging, creating conditions that facilitate the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. This review also summarizes the therapeutic potential of FSH-blocking antibodies in treating these diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1578439"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-accuracy, low-cost blood test for Alzheimer's disease: validating P-tau181/Aβ42 in real-world cohorts.","authors":"Dequan Liu, Hang Li, Qing Liu, Haiyan Li, Yuanyuan Tang, Kaiting Cheng, Tong Li, Yulan Chu, Xiaodong Jia, Wenying Yu, Hailan Zhou, Keqiang Yan","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1599761","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1599761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic performance of plasma P-tau181/Aβ42 measured via flow cytometry as a cost-effective tool for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort study involved 123 healthy controls, 60 AD/mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, 34 subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD) patients, and 34 frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients. Plasma P-tau181 and Aβ42 levels were measured using flow cytometry and cross-validated with Single-molecule Array (SIMOA). Publicly available Chinese cohort data were reanalyzed for comparative performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The P-tau181/Aβ42 ratio revealed significant differences between groups. A reference interval (0-0.109) achieved 96.2% diagnostic accuracy (95.0% sensitivity, 96.7% specificity) for AD versus controls, distinguishing AD from SIVD (88.3% accuracy) and FTD (86.2% accuracy). Flow cytometry-based P-tau181/Aβ42 showed 88.3% consistency with SIMOA-based P-tau217, while SIMOA-based P-tau181/Aβ42 achieved 92.3% accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Flow cytometry-based P-tau181/Aβ42 offers a cost-effective and accurate diagnostic method for AD, with performance comparable to SIMOA. This biomarker supports scalable AD screening in secondary healthcare settings, overcoming accessibility and cost barriers in resource-limited environments. This biomarker supports scalable AD screening in secondary healthcare settings, overcoming accessibility and cost barriers in resource-limited environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1599761"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CITA GO-ON study. A community based multidomain lifestyle intervention to prevent cognitive decline. Protocol design and recruitment process.","authors":"Mikel Tainta, Mirian Ecay-Torres, Myriam Barandiaran, Ainara Estanga, Carolina López, Miren Altuna, Ane Iriondo, Jon Saldias, Maite Garcia-Sebastian, Marta Cañada, Maria de Arriba, Imanol Reparaz-Escudero, Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu, Mikel Izquierdo, Nekane Balluerka, Arantxa Gorostiaga, Naia Ros, Goretti Soroa, Jara Domper, Lucia Gayoso, Maria Arrizabalaga-Lopez, Usune Etxeberria, Maria Ines Torres, Elena Alberdi, Estibaliz Capetillo-Zarate, Maider Mateo-Abad, Itziar Vergara, Javier Mar, Pablo Martinez-Lage","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1539711","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1539711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Growing research suggests that dementia is a complex disorder with multiple risk factors and causes. The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) demonstrated that lifestyle interventions could confer cognitive benefits. Inspired by this, the GOIZ-ZAINDU (GZ) feasibility study adapted the FINGER approach to the Basque context. Building upon the GZ study, the CITA GO-ON trial aims to enhance and expand the evidence supporting dementia prevention through a multidomain intervention of risk factor management and resilience promotion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>It is a two-year, population-based, randomized controlled trial to prevent cognitive decline in adults aged 60-85 years with Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE) risk score ≥6, no dementia, and below-than-expected performance on at least one of three cognitive screening tests. Participants are randomized (1:1) to receive either Regular Health Advice (RHA) or a Multidomain Intervention (MD-Int) that encompasses cognitive training, socio-emotional skills, multicomponent physical exercise, nutritional and culinary intervention, and monitoring for cardiovascular risks, pharmacological drug mismanagement, and comorbidities. The primary outcome is the efficacy of the intervention to reduce the risk of cognitive decline measured by the global composite <i>z</i>-score of the modified Neuropsychological Test Battery over two years. The secondary outcomes measure cost-effectiveness, quality of life, and functional abilities. Blood samples and brain imaging will also be collected to evaluate the effects of the intervention on brain structure and plasma biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recruitment has been completed with 1051 participants selected (mean age (standard deviation, SD) of 69.65 (6.36), 58,50 % female, and mean CAIDE (SD) of 7.62 (1.427). The final participant is expected to complete the last study visit by the autumn of 2026.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The CITA GO-ON Study, as a part of the World-Wide FINGERS network, is designed to validate the efficacy of a multidomain lifestyle intervention for dementia prevention and contribute valuable data to inform public health strategies fostering healthy, active aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1539711"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of gray matter volume in individuals with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction.","authors":"Tianyi Yu, Qiuyun Bai, Yiting Guo, Yuchun Yuan","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1486381","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1486381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Object: </strong>This study employs voxel-based morphometry techniques to identify potential areas of brain injury in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It further assesses the correlation between clinical indicators, cardiac function parameters, and gray matter volume (GMV). This provides an imaging-based anatomical biomarker for in-depth research into the brain structure in patients with HFpEF.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study recruited 51 patients with HFpEF (26 males and 25 females) and 40 healthy controls (27 males and 13 females). Data on NT-proBNP levels, echocardiographic parameters, and cognitive function scores were collected for both groups. High-resolution 3D T1-weighted imaging (3D-T1WI) structural MRI data were collected from all participants. The changes in GMV between the two groups were assessed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study involved 40 patients with HFpEF and 28 healthy controls (HC). No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding age, gender, education, or BMI. The HFpEF group exhibited larger measurements for Left Ventricular Posterior Wall (LVPW), Interventricular Septal Thickness (IVST), Left Atrial Diameter (LAD), Right Atrial Diameter (RAD), and Right Ventricular Diameter (RVD). However, they maintained preserved systolic function and achieved lower scores on the MoCA, indicating deficits in visuospatial/executive functions, naming, attention, language, and memory. Compared to HC, HFpEF patients had reduced GMV in specific brain regions. NT-proBNP levels were negatively correlated with GM reduction in various cerebellar, frontal, temporal, and postcentral regions. Cognitive performance was inversely related to GM shrinkage, with different brain regions correlating with specific cognitive deficits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormalities in GMV in several brain areas have been identified in patients with HFpEF. Furthermore, these abnormal GMV are associated with NT-proBNP levels, echocardiographic indices, and neurocognitive scoring. These observations could provide fresh perspectives on the pathogenic mechanisms of HFpEF.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1486381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pragmatic questionnaire-based evaluation of auditory function in individuals with major neurocognitive disorders and hearing loss in diverse contexts.","authors":"Panagiotis Alexopoulos, Antonios Alexandros Demertzis, Panagiotis Biris, Polychronis Economou, Eric Frison, Piers Dawes, Iracema Leroi","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1504358","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1504358","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hearing impairment in older people is a significant risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia, while it is a source of bias in the diagnostic workup of cognitive complaints. Early detection and intervention are critical, yet audiometric equipment is often unavailable in primary healthcare- and/or community care-, as well as in low-resource settings across the globe.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims (i) to develop brief accurate instruments for capturing hearing loss severity based on items of the 25-item Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE) and its counterpart the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the communication partner (HHIE-SP) and (ii) to compare their usefulness as well as that of the 10-item screening version of HHIE (HHIE-S) in detecting hearing loss severity in people with dementia and hearing loss to HHIE and HHIE-SP.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study relies on screening- and baseline data of the Sense-Cog Trial, being a European, multi-center, observer-blind, 36-week long, randomized controlled trial (RCT) of people with dementia with sensory impairment and their companions. An exploratory data analysis was utilized to provide a comprehensive understanding of the data structure and the characteristics of the sample. Eight different proportional odds logistic regression models were computed to study the relationship between the pure-tone audiometry screen results and different versions of the HHIE, with or without consideration of demographic data of the person with dementia and his/her communication partner. Stratified repeated random subsampling was employed to create two new HHIE models. All models were assessed by calculating the Mean Squared Deviation (MSE) over 1,000 splits into 90% training and 10% test set.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Two separate HHIE-mini models were developed. HHIE-2 includes one item of the HHIE and one item of the HHIE-SP. HHIE-8 includes three items of the HHIE and five items of the HHIE-SP. The model including HHIE-S and demographic data demonstrated the highest performance (MSE = 6.818), followed by the model including HHIE-SP and demographic data (MSE = 7.065) and the HHIE-2 model which included age (MSE = 7.254) but not country of residence. The HHIE-8 model was less effective (MSE = 7.740), and the model including HHIE and no demographic data was the least reliable (MSE = 9.220).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;HHIE-S and HHIE-2 combined with demographic data are practical and more efficient tools for assessing hearing loss severity in people with dementia and hearing impairment compared to HHIE, HHIE-S and HHIE-SP in different European countries. They both address the specific challenges associated with dementia-related hearing assessments by limiting the cognitive load of the evaluation process. Particularly the ultra-brief HHIE-2 may be feasible for use in primary and community healthcare settings in different countries","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1504358"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental risk factors, protective factors, and biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an umbrella review.","authors":"Qian Wu, Junyi Yang, Yuanjie Duan, Yumei Ma, Yue Zhang, Shutong Tan, Jinke Wang, Yaxin Wang, Binhui Liu, Jian Zhang, Xu Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1541779","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1541779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the rapid loss of motor neurons. Given the significant global economic impact of ALS, effective preventive measures are urgently needed to reduce the incidence of this devastating disease. Recent meta-analyses have explored potential links between environmental factors, biomarkers, and ALS occurrence. However, the findings of these studies have been inconsistent and controversial. Therefore, we present a comprehensive umbrella review of recent meta-analyses to systematically summarize the available epidemiological evidence and evaluate its credibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and Embase from inception until 01 October 2024, to identify meta-analyses of observational studies examining associations between environmental risk factors, protective factors, biomarkers, and ALS susceptibility. For each meta-analysis, summary effect estimates, 95% confidence intervals (CIs), 95% prediction intervals, study heterogeneity, small study effects, and excess significance biases were calculated independently by two investigators. The methodological quality was evaluated using the AMSTAR 2 criteria. The strength of the epidemiological evidence was categorized into five levels based on predefined criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1,902 articles identified, 43 met the inclusion criteria, resulting in 103 included meta-analyses. These analyses covered 46 environmental risk and protective factors (344,597 cases, 71,415,574 population) and 57 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum biomarkers (30,941 cases, 2,180,797 population). The evidence was classified as convincing (Class I) for the regular use of antihypertensive drugs (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81-0.88) and highly suggestive (Class II) for premorbid body mass index (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95 to 0.98), trauma (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.32 to 1.73), CSF NFL levels (SMD: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.61 to 2.51), serum NFL levels (SMD: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.29 to 1.85), ferritin levels (SMD: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.83), and uric acid levels (SMD: -0.72; 95% CI: -0.98 to -0.46).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This umbrella review offers new insights into the epidemiological evidence regarding the associations between environmental factors, biomarkers, and ALS susceptibility. We aim for our study to enhance the understanding of the roles of environmental factors and biomarkers in ALS occurrence and assist clinicians in developing evidence-based prevention and control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1541779"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infections with <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> and SARS-CoV-2 and Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.","authors":"Alexa Romanella, Maegan McCall, Rachel Corwin, Alaha Abdul Faruq, Emily Lingo, Sanya Bhambhani, Christine J Hammond, Brian J Balin","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1587782","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1587782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the world, but our understanding of causation is still lacking. A current evidence-based hypothesis proposes that certain infectious agents initiate the neurodegeneration consistent with AD. Two infectious agents correlated to AD pathogenesis are <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> (Cpn), a respiratory obligate intracellular bacterium, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Both organisms may predispose susceptible populations to disease manifestations, such as AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review focused on peer-reviewed original research and review articles evaluating the potential association of Cpn and SARS-CoV-2 with AD. Our focus included: genetic risk with expression of APOEε4 and other biomarkers common to AD including interleukin-6 (IL-6), chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), neuropilin-1 (NRP1), and structural/functional aspects of the infectious processes and resultant neuroinflammation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both Cpn and SARS-CoV-2 may infect the neuroepithelium of the olfactory system to enter the brain. Cpn binds to heparan sulfate proteoglycans for entry into mucosal cells. SARS-CoV-2 infects epithelia after binding to ACE2 receptors. Once inside the neuroepithelium, the pathogens may traffic to the olfactory bulbs. NRP1, an abundant receptor in AD, also potentiates SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, both pathogens may enter the systemic circulation for eventual entry through the blood brain barrier. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, in conjunction with CCL2, co-stimulates macrophages, resulting in IL-6 cytokine release. Likewise, Cpn infection leads to an increase of CCL2 and IL-6 cytokine release. The primary infection of either organism may lead to chronically elevated levels of IL-6 and secondary infection(s). Additionally, host APOEε4 expression appears to increase susceptibility to Cpn and SARS-CoV-2 infections.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Cpn and SARS-CoV-2 may enter the brain through olfactory neuroepithelial cells and/or through the blood brain barrier. SARS-CoV-2 utilizes specific receptors for infection, while Cpn utilizes binding of proteoglycans. Neuroinflammation may be an outcome of infection with one or both organisms as observed by increased levels of CCL2 and IL-6 leading to AD pathogenesis. Genetic risk is noted for infection with both organisms with expression of APOEε4. Ongoing and future studies will further dissect mechanisms of infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Cpn as they may inform on causation and diagnostic factors for AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1587782"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of sensory organization tasks on prefrontal cortex activity in older women: a comparative fNIRS study of osteoarthritis and healthy aging.","authors":"Alka Bishnoi, Yang Hu, Manuel E Hernandez","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1583447","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1583447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent musculoskeletal condition, is associated with an increased risk of falls. Maintaining posture relies on visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive inputs, but these systems can be compromised due to aging or disease, heightening fall risk. Such impairments may result from neuromuscular decline and reduced cognitive or visuospatial processing abilities. This study aimed to investigate prefrontal cortical (PFC) activation patterns during clinical sensory organization tasks (SOT) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in older women with OA and healthy controls (HOA). We hypothesized that PFC activation would increase as SOT conditions became more challenging, but that increases would be limited in OA, relative to HOA, given a decreased attentional capacity due to chronic pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 10 women with OA (65.7 ± 3.01 years) and 11 HOA (66.0 ± 4.86 years). Baseline cognitive and motor assessments preceded three trials of six SOT conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences between groups in BMI, WOMAC pain score, repeated chair stand, and TUG scores were found (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Linear mixed-model analysis revealed significant effects of condition (CND; <i>p</i> < 0.001), trial (TR; <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and interactions between CND^*TR (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and Cohort^*CND (<i>p</i> < 0.01) on PFC activation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In conclusion, both groups demonstrated increased PFC activation with task difficulty. However, OA participants exhibited diminished capacity to recruit additional attentional resources compared to HOA, emphasizing the need for further research with larger cohorts to elucidate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1583447"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined association of gait speed and processing speed on cardiometabolic disease mortality risk in the US older adults: a prospective cohort study from NHANES.","authors":"Hang Yang, Ye Zhou, Xiaoying Wang, Xiaoming Xu","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1537413","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1537413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gait speed and processing speed, as measured by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), are important indicators of health in older adults, with their potential impact on mortality risk. However, their combined effects on cardiometabolic disease (CMD) mortality remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates how gait speed and cognitive function, individually and combined, influence CMD-specific and all-cause mortality in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002, with mortality follow-up linked to the National Death Index. Gait speed was measured by the timed 20-foot walk and processing speed was assessed using the DSST. Then the combined Gait-DSST groups were created and the Cox proportional hazards regression (HR) models were applied to examine their associations on CMD-specific and all-cause mortality, as well as the subgroup analyses stratified by age, sex and education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,482 participants aged ≥60 years were included in the study with a median follow-up of 175 months, during which 587 CMD-specific deaths and 1,627 all-cause deaths were recorded. The slow gait was significantly associated with increased risk of CMD mortality, while low processing speed was only significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality risk. When analyzing the combined groups, individuals with slow gait and high processing speed exhibited a 86% increased risk of CMD mortality (HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.68). However, the group with poor gait and processing speed had a twofold increased risk for all-cause mortality (HR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.69, 2.39). The significant associations between slow gait with low processing speed and CMD mortality was more likely to be in age<75 years, male, and less-educated populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Slow gait is a significant predictor of CMD-specific mortality in older adults, largely independent of processing speed. Routine screening of gait speed and DSST performance should be prioritized in clinical and public health settings. Future intervention studies should aim at elucidating the biological and behavioral mechanisms linking physical and cognitive function to CMD outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1537413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress of platelets in neurodegenerative diseases.","authors":"Yu Lan, Jun Ding, Tian Yu, Chi Cheng","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1544605","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1544605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurodegenerative disease (NDD) is a disease state characterized by the loss of neuronal cells in the brain and spinal cord, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). They have become a major challenge for the world's health system in the twenty-first century, with an increasing incidence year by year, complex and diverse causes, and a lack of effective therapeutic. The brain and spinal cord are composed of neurons, and activated platelets are highly similar to neurons. The occurrence and development of these diseases are often accompanied by platelet activation, suggesting that platelets play an important role in the pathological process of NDDs. This article reviews the research progress of platelets in common NDDs, and elaborates on the mechanisms of platelets' involvement in NDDs and the use as a therapeutic option for NDDs to providing new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of NDDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1544605"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}