Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Editorial: Aging, peripheral inflammation, and neurodegeneration.","authors":"Caroline Haikal, Robert Weissert","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1529026","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1529026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1529026"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11666552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of plasma homocysteine with cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Yan Xiao, Lin-Hua Gan, Xiao-Niu Liang, Zhi-Heng Xu, Tian-Yu Hu, Xiu-Yuan Li, Yi-Lin Tang, Jian Wang, Yi-Qi Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1434943","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1434943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) has been reported as a risk factor for cognitive impairment in the general population. However, there are conflicting results regarding the relationship between Hcy and cognitive impairment across various cognitive domains in Parkinson's disease (PD).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the association between plasma Hcy levels, cognitive impairment, and dysfunction in various cognitive domains among PD patients with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 101 PD patients underwent plasma Hcy measurement, comprising 50 PD-MCI patients and 51 patients with normal cognition (PD-NC). A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to assess different cognitive domains. Adjusted generalized linear models were used to assess the correlations between Hcy levels and cognitive functions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As anticipated, PD-MCI patients demonstrated a significant decline in cognitive function across all five cognitive domains (memory, executive function, attention/working memory, language, and visuospatial function). Elevated plasma Hcy levels (≥ 10 μmol/L) were associated with a higher odds of PD-MCI, even within the normal range of Hcy levels (< 15 μmol/L). After adjusting for confounding factors, a negative correlation was observed between plasma Hcy levels and the performance on specific cognitive tests evaluating executive functions in PD, such as the Stroop Color-Word Test-C (β = -1.123, 95% CI = -1.845 ∼-0.401, <i>p</i> = 0.0023).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores a significant link between plasma Hcy levels and PD-MCI, particularly concerning executive dysfunction, even within the normal range of Hcy levels (< 15 μmol/L).</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1434943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated HIF-1α levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a potential link to increased cognitive impairment risk.","authors":"Lan Guo, Caiyun Jia, Ke Luo, Juanrong Liang, Lijun Wang, Tianli Hui","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1455596","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1455596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In China, an increasing number of patients with end-stage renal disease are undergoing hemodialysis treatment. While this treatment yields relatively positive outcomes, the prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis ranges from 24 to 80%, which is significantly higher than the general population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this retrospective study, a total of 120 patients with kidney disease undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) were enrolled. The cognitive status of these patients was assessed using the C-MoCA score, which allowed categorization into two groups: the no cognitive impairment (NCI) group and the cognitive impairment (CI) group. Relevant clinical data, laboratory test results, as well as HIF-1α levels, were collected and analyzed to determine their relationship with the cognitive status of the patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, a total of 45 patients (37.5%) developed CI, and their C-MoCA scores were significantly lower (21.6 ± 2.43) compared to patients in the NCI group (27.56 ± 1.48) (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The CI group was characterized by older age, lower levels of education, as well as lower levels of serum total bilirubin, serum total protein (TP), albumin, serum creatinine, and serum phosphorus in comparison to the NCI group. Additionally, CI patients exhibited higher levels of HIF-1α, received fewer monthly hemodiafiltration or hemoperfusion treatments, and had a lower rate of rosacastat treatment. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that older age (OR = 11.266 [95% CI: 2.775-45.747], <i>P</i> = 0.001) and higher HIF-1α (OR = 20.654 [4.831-88.298], <i>P</i> < 0.001) increased the risk of developing CI, while higher educational attainment reduced the risk of developing CI (> 12 years, OR = 0.004 [95% CI: 0.016-0.619], <i>P</i>≤0.001; 6-12 years, OR = 0.099 [95% CI: 0.000-0.049], <i>P</i> = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Cognitive impairment in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) was found to be associated with older age, lower level of education, and higher HIF-1α levels. These factors should be taken into consideration by clinicians to monitor the cognitive status of MHD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1455596"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease: a critical appraisal.","authors":"Marta Weinstock","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1484615","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1484615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Mutations in genes and precursors of <i>β</i> amyloid (Aβ) are found in the familial form of the disease. This led to the evaluation of seven monoclonal antibodies against Aβ in subjects with AD, two of which were approved for use by the FDA. They caused only a small improvement in cognitive function, probably because they were given to those with much more prevalent sporadic forms of dementia. They also have potentially serious adverse effects. Oxidative stress and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines are present in all subjects with AD and are well correlated with the degree of memory impairment. Drugs that affect these processes include TNFα blocking antibodies and MAPK p38 inhibitors that reduce cognitive impairment when given for other inflammatory conditions. However, their adverse effects and inability to penetrate the brain preclude their use for dementia. Rosiglitazone is used to treat diabetes, a risk factor for AD, but failed in a clinical trial because it was given to subjects that already had dementia. Ladostigil reduces oxidative stress and suppresses the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from activated microglia without blocking their effects. Chronic oral administration to aging rats prevented the decline in memory and suppressed overexpression of genes adversely affecting synaptic function in relevant brain regions. In a phase 2 trial, ladostigil reduced the decline in short-term memory and in whole brain and hippocampal volumes in human subjects with mild cognitive impairment and had no more adverse effects than placebo.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1484615"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Impact of sex and gender on neurocognitive aging and behavior.","authors":"Fereshteh Farajdokht, Craig Myrum, Clive R Bramham, Akash Gautam","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1524188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1524188","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1524188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of surgery with general anesthesia on cognitive function and putamen volume: a cross-sectional study among older adults.","authors":"Jianjun Jiang, Zhuyun Zhang, Hong Zheng, Jian Lu, Wei Li","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1483989","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1483989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have shown that surgery under general anesthesia may diminish cognitive function; however, the proposed mechanisms need further elucidation. The purpose of the current study was twofold: (1) to compare overall and domain-specific differences in cognitive function between the surgery under general anesthesia group and the control group, and (2) to investigate the possible mechanisms of surgery under general anesthesia affecting cognitive function, using T1-structural magnetic resonance imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 194 older adults were included in this study. Patients were divided into a surgery under general anesthesia group (<i>n</i> = 92) and a control group (<i>n</i> = 104). The two groups were matched for age, sex, and educational level. All participants underwent clinical evaluation, neuropsychological testing, blood biochemistry analysis, and T1 phase structural magnetic resonance imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that older adults with a history of surgery under general anesthesia had lower Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores and smaller right putamen volumes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Linear regression analysis (mediation model) indicated that surgery under general anesthesia affected MoCA scores by diminishing the volume of the right putamen (B = 1.360, <i>p</i> = 0.030).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found evidence that older adults who underwent surgery under general anesthesia had poorer cognitive function, which may have been caused by an apoptotic or otherwise toxic effect of anesthetic drugs on the volume of the right putamen.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1483989"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemia-associated smaller brain volume and sex differences: a cross-sectional study of magnetic resonance imaging in brain health checkups.","authors":"Naoki Omori, Manabu Ishida, Masahiro Takamura, Satoshi Abe, Atsushi Nagai","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1444308","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1444308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anemia is a risk factor for dementia development. However, few studies have examined the relationship between brain volume and anemia. This study aimed to analyze the association between anemia and brain volume using magnetic resonance imaging data from brain health checkups.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants underwent brain health checkups between January 2015 and March 2022. Blood samples were collected to measure hemoglobin concentrations and mean corpuscular volumes. The modified Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to evaluate cognitive function. Magnetic resonance images were analyzed using voxel-based Morphometry to evaluate the overall patterns of brain volume. After extracting the principal components (PCs) from PC analysis, we investigated their association with MMSE scores and anemia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 1,029 participants and identified principal components, representing smaller volume in the frontal lobe (PC1), and smaller volume in the limbic system to the temporal lobe (PC2). A higher PC2 score was significantly associated with a lower MMSE score. Male participants with anemia had smaller bilateral PC1 volumes and left hippocampal volumes, and female participants with anemia had smaller bilateral PC2 volumes and hippocampus volumes.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>PC2 may represent the extent of disease affecting limbic system volume, such as Alzheimer's disease. Our results suggest that anemia may be associated with smaller volumes in the limbic system, especially in women. Further studies are required to determine which type of anemia is more strongly correlated with smaller brain volumes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1444308"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11659214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISLAND Campus: a fee-free formal university educational intervention in mid- to later-life to reduce modifiable risk factors for dementia and improve cognition.","authors":"Eddy Roccati, Alex Kitsos, Aidan David Bindoff, Jane Elizabeth Alty, Larissa Bartlett, Jessica Marie Collins, Anna Elizabeth King, Hannah Fair, Kathleen Doherty, James Clement Vickers","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1479926","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1479926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous research has tended to focus on early-life education for dementia risk reduction, yet there are great gains for building cognitive reserve in mid- to later-life through educational interventions. ISLAND (Island Study Linking Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disease) Campus offered free university study to all ISLAND participants, with flexible in-person/online learning models to remove educational, socioeconomic and geographical barriers. Here the core hypothesis of ISLAND Campus was investigated: that engagement in later life education leads to improvements in modifiable risk factors for dementia, cognition and blood-based biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ISLAND Campus participants were matched on age and gender to non-Campus participants via propensity score method, with optimal matching based on logistic regression. Participants completed online surveys on health, demographics, modifiable dementia risk factors via a customized Dementia Risk Profile (DRP) tool and provided blood samples for APOE genotyping and plasma phosphorylated-tau (p-tau). Cognition was measured online via the validated Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery Paired Associates Learning (PAL) and Spatial Working Memory (SWM) tasks. Impact of the opt-in formal educational intervention was tested in R via ANCOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total participants were 986 (interventio<i>n</i> = 492, control = 492), mean age of 61.2 years, 73.2% female, 11.7 mean years of education and 25.0% APOE e4+. Over 4 years of follow-up, intervention participants significantly improved working memory (SWM) and their risk factor profiles as measured via the DRP (<i>p</i> < 0.001), indicating a significant change towards lower dementia risk. Intervention and control participants were similar on socioeconomic status, location of residence, p-tau and APOE e4 presence, however Campus participants displayed a significantly higher proportion of prior university study completion (76.0%) than controls (60.0%). Intervention participants enrolled in a variety of university degrees, the most common were Diploma of Family History (<i>n</i> = 103, 20.9%), Diploma of Arts (<i>n</i> = 74, 15.0%) and Diploma of Fine Arts (<i>n</i> = 52, 10.5%).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>ISLAND Campus has shown how free later-life university education was associated with improvements in modifiable dementia risk factors over time and cognition. Given opt-in intervention participants were significantly more likely to have a prior university education, later life formal educational interventions should be targeted at individuals with lower prior education.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1479926"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11656078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of serum neurofilament light chain for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Lihua Gu, Pengcheng Zhang, Rui Gao, Hao Shu, Pan Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1465016","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1465016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurofilament light chain (NfL) has recently emerged as a key indicator of neurodegeneration. In this study, our hypothesis is that the levels of blood-derived NfL and its accumulation during the Parkinson's disease (PD) progression could serve as a potential biomarker for predicting subsequent cognitive decline. To investigate this, we conducted a study utilizing a large single-center cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 193 participants, consisting of 106 cognitively normal PD (PD-CN) patients and 87 normal controls (NC) individuals. Serum NfL concentrations were measured. PD patients were followed up for clinical assessment at an average of 2 ± 0.6 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The serum NfL levels were significantly higher in PD-CN patients compared to NC. PD-CN patients and NC at follow-up time exhibited higher serum NfL levels compared to those at baseline. PD patients with high serum NfL levels were found to have a higher likelihood of transitioning from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.107, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.010-1.213, <i>p</i> = 0.030). The area under the curve (AUC) for PD-CN conversion to MCI or dementia at follow-up time was determined to be 0.684 (95% CI 0.569-0.799).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, our study found that PD patients have significantly higher levels of serum NfL compared to individuals without PD. Furthermore, serum NfL levels increase as PD progresses and can predict cognitive impairment within a 2-year timeframe. Serum NfL may serve as a feasible, non-invasive biomarker of cognitive progression in PD. However, further studies and functional experiments are needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1465016"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neural basis of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Nicole K Zhang, Selena K Zhang, Li I Zhang, Huizhong W Tao, Guang-Wei Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1487875","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1487875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) such as depression, anxiety, apathy and aggression affect up to 90% of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. These symptoms significantly increase caregiver stress and institutionalization rates, and more importantly they are correlated with faster cognitive decline. However, the neuronal basis of NPS in AD remains largely unknown. Here, we review current understanding of NPS and related pathology in studies of AD patients and AD mouse models. Clinical studies indicate that NPS prevalence and severity vary across different AD stages and types. Neuroimaging and postmortem studies have suggested that pathological changes in the anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala are linked to NPS, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Studies of AD mouse models have indicated that amyloid-beta and tau-related neurodegeneration in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex are correlated with NPS-like behavioral deficits. A better understanding of the NPS phenotypes and related pathological changes will pave the way for developing a better management strategy for NPS in AD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1487875"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}