Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Global trends and prospects of ocular biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Yufei Shen, Xiaoling Zhang, Congying Xu, Zhuoying Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1528527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1528527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis necessitates the development of novel biomarkers that ensure high diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness in blood tests. Recent studies have identified a significant association between ocular symptoms and the pathological processes of AD, suggesting the potential for effective ocular biomarkers. This bibliometric analysis aims to explore recent advancements and research trends in ocular biomarkers for the early diagnosis of AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Articles related to AD and ocular biomarkers were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. These articles were analyzed using bibliometric tools such as VOSviewer, R-bibliometrix, and CiteSpace.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 623 papers were included in the analysis, revealing a steady increase in publications since 2012. The United States produced the most publications, followed by China and Italy. Notably, authors affiliated with Complutense University of Madrid in Spain and Sapienza University of Rome in Italy made significant contributions, demonstrating robust internal collaborations. The <i>Journal of Alzheimer's Disease</i> published the most articles pertaining to ocular science and neuroscience. Keyword analysis indicates evolving trends in ocular markers for AD from 2005 to 2024, transitioning from diagnostic techniques (e.g., \"spectroscopy,\" \"cerebrospinal fluid\") to pathological mechanisms (e.g., \"oxidative stress\") and advanced imaging technologies (e.g., \"optical coherence tomography angiography\").</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The bibliometric analysis highlights key research hotspots related to ocular markers for AD, documenting the shift from basic diagnostic techniques to advanced imaging methods and the discovery of novel biomarkers. Future research may investigate the potential of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography, tear component analysis, eye movement assessments, and artificial intelligence to enhance early detection of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1528527"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of acupuncture on cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation in animal models: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Chang Liu, Yutong Su, Yuen-Ming Yau, Huize Lin, Yihao Chen, Weijian Fang, Nenggui Xu, Zhennan Wu","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1560032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1560032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep deprivation (SD) has been associated with cognitive deficits, mediated by mechanisms such as neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Acupuncture, a core component of traditional Chinese medicine, has shown promise in mitigating SD-induced cognitive impairment. However, the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of acupuncture need further validation through high-quality evidence. This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of acupuncture on cognitive impairment resulting from SD by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study comprehensively searched eight databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examine the effects of acupuncture on SD-induced cognitive impairment. Primary outcomes were assessed using the Morris Water Maze (MWM), including measures of escape latency and time spent in the target quadrant. Secondary outcomes focused on molecular markers such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), and indicators of oxidative stress. The risk of bias was evaluated using the SYRCLE tool, and data were analyzed using R software. Standardized mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight RCTs involving 222 rodents were analyzed. The findings indicate that acupuncture significantly improves cognitive performance in SD models, evidenced by increased platform crossings [MD = 1.67, 95% CI (1.42, 1.91)] and extended time in the target quadrant [MD = 8.54, 95% CI (6.35, 10.73)], along with reduced escape latency [MD = -8.33, 95% CI (-11.68, -4.99)]. Electroacupuncture (EA) was found to regulate the expression of BDNF and its receptor, TrkB, and to decrease oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) while enhancing antioxidant activities, including those of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Manual acupuncture (MA) influenced apoptosis markers by decreasing Bax and increasing Bcl-2 expression. Despite these positive findings, the studies exhibited heterogeneity in intervention methods and variability in acupuncture techniques.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study preliminarily confirms that acupuncture, specifically electroacupuncture, and manual acupuncture, can effectively alleviate cognitive impairment caused by sleep deprivation. The benefits are observed through modulation of BDNF-TrkB signaling, reduction in oxidative stress, and regulation of apoptosis. Although the current evidence is derived from animal studies, it suggests potential applications in human clinical trials to explore the viability of acupuncture for treating cognitive impairment related to SD.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>CRD42024627285, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1560032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preserved learning despite impaired short-term memory in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.","authors":"Elaina Smith, Christopher Cortez, April Wiechmann, Sandra Davis, Hannah Dyson, Krystyn Kucharski, Sarah Ross, Geoffrey Kline, Robert T Mallet, Xiangrong Shi","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1560791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1560791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) on short-term memory (STM) and learning performance assessed with different memory modalities was unknown. This study examined differences in STM and learning ability between verbal and visuospatial memory-modalities in older adults with aMCI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-nine aMCI subjects (71.5 ± 6.0 yrs) and 33 non-MCI (control) subjects (71.1 ± 5.7 yrs) of similar age and educational attainment consented to participate in the study. Short-term memory was assessed using Digit-Span-Test (DST), California-Verbal-Learning-Test-2nd edition - short-form (CVLT-II), and Brief-Visuospatial-Memory-Test-Revised (BVMT-R); CVLT-II and BVMT-R assessed verbal-and visuospatial-learning, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DST-Backward (<i>p</i> = 0.016) and DST-Sequencing (<i>p</i> < 0.001) scores were significantly lower in the aMCI vs. control subjects (Student's t-test), but DST-Forward scores did not differ (<i>p</i> = 0.237). Immediate and delayed free-recall scores in both CVLT-II (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and BVMT-R (<i>p</i> < 0.001) were lower in the aMCI subjects. The immediate free-recall scores in both tests improved with repeated trials (two-factor ANOVA: <i>p</i> < 0.001 for trial factor) to similar extents in the aMCI and control groups with no significant interaction of the trial and group factors (<i>p</i> = 0.266 in CVLT-II and <i>p</i> = 0.239 in BVMT-R).</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Amnestic MCI subjects have diminished STM but intact learning ability. Differences in STM of older adults with vs. without aMCI are more readily distinguished by word-verbal memory and/or visuospatial memory testing than digit-verbal memory testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1560791"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding brain aging trajectory: predictive discrepancies, genetic susceptibilities, and emerging therapeutic strategies.","authors":"Yulia Komleva, Kristina Shpiliukova, Nikolai Bondar, Alla Salmina, Elena Khilazheva, Sergey Illarioshkin, Michael Piradov","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1562453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1562453","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1562453"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic research on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the past decade: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Hongwei Wu, Jiannan Song, Zhanfei Hu, Haibo Li, Qi Zhou, Congcong Dai, Yi Gao, WanLi Ma","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1529860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1529860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent complication following anesthesia and surgery that particularly affects elderly patients, and poses significant health risks. In recent years, there has been an increase in basic research on POCD, with a particular focus on its molecular mechanisms, which have become a prominent area of inquiry. However, no bibliometric analysis has been conducted in this field. This study aims to employ bibliometric methods to comprehensively summarize the current status and developmental trends of basic research on POCD, providing new ideas and strategies for future scientific investigations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant literature published between January 1, 2014, and October 30, 2024, was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Eligible articles were exported in plain text format. The annual output of published papers and data on authors, countries/institutions, journals, keywords, co-cited journals, and co-cited literature were analyzed and visualized using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 479 papers from 13 countries were included, with a noticeable upward trend in publications over the past decade, particularly in the last 3 years. A total of 105 core authors published four or more papers, with Professor Zuozhiyi identified as the leading contributor. \"The Journal of Neuroinflammation\" emerged as the most prolific publication source, while Chinese scholars accounted for the highest number of contributions and Dutch scholars led in citations per article. The University of Virginia was the leading institution for publications. Analysis of research hotspots revealed \"neuroinflammation,\" \"surgery,\" \"impairment,\" \"memory,\" and \"information\" as frequently occurring keywords. Notably, \"pyroptosis\" was identified as a current research hotspot and \"synaptic plasticity\" as a rapidly emerging term. The top five cited journals were all ranked as Q1 journals, with \"Anesthesiology\" being the most cited. Within co-cited articles, the \"hippocampal CA1 region\" represented the largest cluster, and literature on \"neuroinflammation\" was a key reference in current discussions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over the past decade, basic research on POCD has steadily increased, particularly among Chinese scholars. Bibliometric analysis revealed that the molecular mechanisms underlying POCD are likely crucial focuses of current and future research. This field holds significant potential for further development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1529860"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The abnormal accumulation of pathological proteins and compensatory functional connectivity enhancement of insula subdivisions in mild cognitive impairment.","authors":"Darui Zheng, Chen Xue, Yingcai Feng, Yiming Ruan, Wenzhang Qi, Qianqian Yuan, Zonghong Li, Chaoyong Xiao","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1506478","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1506478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The insula is a critical node of the salience network responsible for initiating network switching, and its dysfunctional connections are linked to the mechanisms of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study aimed to explore the changes in functional connectivity (FC) of insular subregions in MCI patients with varying levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathological proteins, and to investigate the impact of these proteins on the brain network alterations in MCI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on CSF Amyloid-beta (Aβ, A) and phosphorylated tau protein (p-tau, T), MCI patients were classified into 54 A-T-, 28 A+T-, and 52 A+T+ groups. Seed-based FC analysis was employed to compare the FC differences of insular subregions across the three groups. Correlation analysis was further conducted to explore the relationship between altered FC and cognitive function. Finally, ROC curve analysis was used to assess the diagnostic value of altered FC of insular subregion in distinguishing between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the left ventral anterior insula, left dorsal anterior insula, and bilateral posterior insular subnetworks, both the A+T- and A+T+ groups showed increased FC compared to the A-T- group, with the A+T+ group showing further increased FC compared to the A+T- group. Additionally, FC of the left cerebellar posterior lobe was negatively correlated with RAVLT-learning, and FC of the left middle frontal gyrus was negatively correlated with p-tau levels. Finally, logistic regression analysis demonstrated that multivariable analysis had high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that MCI patients with abnormal CSF pathological protein levels exhibit compensatory increases in FC of insular subregions, which in turn affect cognitive function. Our findings contributed to a better understanding of the pathophysiology and underlying neural mechanisms of MCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1506478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum potassium level is associated with serum neurofilament light chain in American adult population: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Yingming Kong, Yanghao Tai, Bin Chen, Chunzheng Li, Hao Chen, Liang Shi","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1511881","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1511881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is one of the most sensitive diagnostic biomarkers for a variety of neurodegenerative pathologies. Potassium, an essential electrolyte, plays a critical role in maintaining neuronal health and the proper functioning of the central nervous system (CNS). The aim of our research was to investigate the association between serum potassium level and sNfL levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, we analyzed data from the 2013 to 2014 NHANES. Serum potassium concentrations were measured via ion-selective electrode (ISE) technology. The levels of sNfL were measured using a sensitive immunoassay developed by Siemens Healthineers. Our researcher analyzed the association between potassium level in serum and sNfL in American persons using multivariate logistic regression analysis and smoothed curve fitting. The consistency of these results was examined in various population subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,670 participants were involved in our research, including 872 women (50.5%) and 798 men (49.5%). The median serum potassium concentration was 4.0 mmol/L and the median sNfL was 12.3 pg/ml. After adjusting for potential confounders in the full model, individuals with higher serum potassium concentrations had higher sNfL levels (Q3 vs. Q1, β = 2.86, 95% CI: 0.33-5.39, <i>P</i> = 0.027). There was a non-linear positive dose-response association between higher serum potassium concentrations and sNfL levels (<i>P</i> for non-linearity = 0.028). Based on the results of stratified analysis, the relationship was stronger in the low- and middle-income group, non-drinking and non-physical activity participants, and participants with hypertension and diabetes.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>In the cohort of American adults, a greater serum potassium concentration was linked to a higher sNfL. However, causality still needs to be further verified.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1511881"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between hyperlipidemia and postoperative delirium risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Li-Quan Qiu, Jian-Li Song, Li-Cai Zhang, Bin Fan, Qiang Li, Bin Lu, Guan-Yu Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1544838","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1544838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The association between hyperlipidemia and its potential role as a risk factor for postoperative delirium (POD) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Outcomes of interest included comparisons of blood lipid levels between POD and non-POD (NPOD) patients, the association between hyperlipidemia and POD risk, and the predictive value of hyperlipidemia for POD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of nine studies involving 4,686 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis revealed that hyperlipidemia was significantly associated with an increased risk of POD (OR = 1.47; 95% CI 1.13-1.91; <i>P</i> = 0.004;) compared to patients without hyperlipidemia. Patients with POD exhibited significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (TC) (weighted mean difference [WMD] = 0.31; 95% CI 0.03-0.59; <i>P</i> = 0.030), triglycerides (TG) (WMD = 0.37; 95% CI 0.03-0.71; <i>P</i> = 0.033), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD = 0.09; 95% CI 0.01-0.17; <i>P</i> = 0.023) compared to NPOD patients. In contrast, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly lower in POD patients (WMD = -0.07; 95% CI -0.12 to -0.01; <i>P</i> = 0.026). Insufficient evidence was available to summarize the area under the curve (AUC) results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Blood lipid levels were significantly elevated in POD patients compared to NPOD patients. Hyperlipidemia was significantly associated with an increased risk of POD, highlighting its potential role as a risk factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1544838"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative continuation vs. discontinuation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers on early cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Xiaohan Wang, Yanan Yan, Yurong Liu, Chun Xu, Jingwen Zhuang, Zhiping Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1542628","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1542628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the effect of preoperative continuation vs. discontinuation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) on early cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective randomized controlled study was performed at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University. Elderly patients aged 65 years or older, scheduled for elective noncardiac surgery under general anesthesia, and receiving long-term ACEI/ARBs therapy were randomly assigned to either continue or discontinue ACEI/ARBs therapy on the morning of surgery. The primary outcome was postoperative early cognitive function, assessed via neuropsychological tests including Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Huashan (AVLT-H), Clock Drawing Test (CDT), Number Connection Test (NCT), and Digit Span Test (DST) preoperatively and on postoperative day 1 (POD1). Secondary outcomes included intraoperative hypotension, use of phenylephrine, intraoperative fluid administration, incidence of hypertension, and length of hospital stay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NCT scores in the discontinued use of ACEI/ARBs group showed a significant decline on POD1 compared to baseline (<i>p</i> = 0.038). Both groups exhibited an increase in immediate recall scores from preoperative to POD1 (<i>p</i> = 0.003 and <i>p</i> = 0.002, respectively). The continued use of ACEI/ARBs group showed an increase in short-delayed recall (<i>p</i> = 0.007). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The discontinued ACEI/ARB group had fewer episodes of intraoperative hypotension (<i>p</i> = 0.037) and lower requirements for phenylephrine (<i>p</i> = 0.016), despite a higher incidence of preoperative hypertension (<i>p</i> = 0.012). The continued use group received a larger volume of crystalloid fluids during surgery (<i>p</i> = 0.020). No significant differences were observed between the groups in the volume of colloid fluids administered (<i>p</i> > 0.05). There were no significant differences in postoperative hypertension or length of hospital stay between the groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preoperative continuation or discontinuation of ACEI/ARBs did not significantly affect early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1542628"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking cognitive reserve to neuropsychological outcomes and resting-state frequency bands in healthy aging.","authors":"Vanesa Perez, Vanesa Hidalgo, Alicia Salvador","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1540168","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1540168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>As the proportion of older people has surged in the past 100 years, healthy aging has emerged as a crucial topic in neuroscience research. This study aimed to investigate the spectral power of EEG frequency bands during resting-state in older people with high and low cognitive reserve (CR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To do so, 74 healthy older people (55-74 years old) were recruited and divided into two groups based on their level of CR: high CR (<i>n</i> = 41; 21 men and 20 women) and low CR (<i>n</i> = 33; 15 men and 18 women). Both groups participated in a cognitive assessment and 3 min of EEG recording under resting-state conditions with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC). EEG power was analyzed across four frequency bands: delta (0.1- < 4 Hz), theta (4- < 8 Hz), alpha1 (8-10 Hz), alpha2 (10-12), and beta (14-30 Hz), focusing on five cortical regions of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neuropsychological tests did not reveal significant differences between the two groups on most of the cognitive measures. However, the EEG analysis showed that individuals with high CR exhibited lower spectral power in the theta and delta frequency bands across different brain regions, compared to those with low CR.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that individuals with high CR tend to function more efficiently, relying on fewer neural resources to sustain cognitive performance. In contrast, those with low CR may engage compensatory neural mechanisms, as indicated by increased spectral power while resting, conceivably reflecting the brain's effort to preserve cognitive function.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1540168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}