Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"The effects of Nordic walking on cognitive function in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Haobai Li, Ke Zhu, Jianyu Gan, Ziyi Wang, Zhikun Gao, Liangru Liu, Xiaojie Guo, Jianfeng Niu","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1666449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1666449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Nordic walking (NW), as a specialized form of aerobic exercise, emerges as a promising strategy to improve the cognitive function in older population. However, the effectiveness of NW has yet to be definitively confirmed due to the variances in the study designs and observations. This systematic review and meta-analysis was thus conducted to examine the effect of NW interventions on cognitive function of older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The search was conducted in August 2025 on Web of Science, PubMed, SPORT-Discus, Medline, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases. Two reviewers independently reviewed the search results, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias and certainty of evidence. Meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed to determine the overall effect size and the impact of potential moderators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Initial screening identified 336 records, and after full-text assessment, eight studies (from 2014 to 2024) comprising 327 participants (71.19 ± 5.44 yrs) were included. The effect size of NW on executive function was significant [Hedges' <i>g</i> = 0.89, 95% CI (0.27, 1.50), <i>p</i> = 0.01], while the effects were non-significant for global function, memory function, attention, information processing, and perceptual ability (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Subgroup analysis indicated that the health conditions of participants and the types of control groups significantly moderated executive function. Specifically, NW showed significant improvements (i) in older adults with health conditions and (ii) compared with inactive control groups (<i>p</i> = 0.04). Meta-regression revealed a significant positive correlation between the total intervention time of NW and its effect size (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that NW interventions could improve executive function in older adults, especially those with health conditions.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42025638467.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1666449"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12484218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderating effect of APOE ε4 on the association of sleep disturbance and amyloid-β pathology among cognitively normal older adults.","authors":"Shufei Feng, Jianyu Que, Qianwen Wang, Kai Yuan, Le Shi","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1627774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1627774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep-wake rhythms are critical for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship of sleep disturbance, APOE ε4, and amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation remains unclear. Thus, this study investigated the potential role of APOE ε4 allele in the association between sleep disturbance and brain Aβ burden among cognitively normal (CN) older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, data were obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNl) Database. The sample consisted of CN individuals aged between 55 and 90 years with Aβ positron emission tomography scan, APOE genotype, and sleep assessment using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 1,000 CN participants, including 134 individuals with sleep disturbances and 306 APOE ε4 carriers (APOE ε4+). After adjusting for sex, age, years of education, and marital status, sleep disturbance was not associated with a higher Aβ burden among participants. However, a significant interaction between sleep disturbance and APOE ε4 on regional standardized uptake value ratios was observed, such as in the left hippocampus. Subgroup analysis revealed that sleep disturbance could affect the AD-sensitive brain regions in the APOE ε4 + group. Furthermore, the subjective severity of sleep disturbance was linearly associated with a more significant Aβ brain burden in the APOE ε4 + group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that CN individuals with both APOE ε4 + status and sleep disturbance exhibited greater Aβ burden. Understanding the relationship between sleep and Aβ in CN older adults may inform sleep interventions that could reduce early Aβ accumulation and delay the onset of cognitive dysfunction associated with early AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1627774"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12484148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MFN2-a multifaceted guardian against Parkinson's pathophysiology: mitochondria, ferroptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress.","authors":"Yan Cheng, Hongjiang Zhai, Yong Liu, Yunzhou Yang, Bo Fang, Mingxiang Song, Xiuqin Wang, Ping Zhong","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1611958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1611958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease worldwide and its exact pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aims to comprehensively explore the role of MFN2 in PD based on <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> models for multidimensional understanding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>In vivo</i>, C57BL/6 J male mice were administered MPTP and probenecid by intraperitoneal injection to establish PD models. Lentivirus carrying MFN2 was microinjected into the bilateral striatum of specific groups of mice. The motor and cognitive functions of the mice were evaluated using the rotarod test and the open field test. <i>In vitro</i>, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with MPP⁺ to establish cell-based PD models. Transfection of plasmids was used to achieve overexpression or knockdown of MFN2. Subsequently, a series of experiments such as qRT-PCR, Western blot, CCK-8, flow cytometry and ELISA were used to verify the potential mechanism of MFN2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In PD models, the expressions of DHODH, MFN1, MFN2, GPX4, and FSP1 were significantly down-regulated, and their motor coordination, self-cognitive behavior, and exploration ability were decreased. Concurrently, inflammatory and oxidative stress responses were enhanced, cell viability was weakened, apoptosis was increased, and mitochondrial abnormalities were observed. Overexpression of MFN2 improved the motor, cognitive and neurological damage in mice, enhanced cell viability, inhibited apoptosis, reduced the levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress factors, and up-regulated the expressions of DHODH, MFN1, GPX4 and FSP1. Mitochondrial morphological observation showed that MFN2 overexpression alleviated mitochondrial abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MFN2 may play a protective role in PD by regulating mitochondrial function, ferroptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress-related factors, providing a new theoretical basis and potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1611958"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a narrative review.","authors":"Natalia Motzko Noto, Robert C Speth, Lisa S Robison","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1632252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1632252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a cerebrovascular disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the walls of cerebral vessels. It is commonly associated with cognitive decline, cerebral hemorrhage, and other neurological pathologies. Despite its prevalence and impact, there are currently no approved treatments for CAA. CAA frequently co-occurs with Alzheimer's disease (AD), but affected patients are often excluded from anti-amyloid therapies due to increased risks of cerebral edema and hemorrhage, underscoring the urgent need for alternative and safe approaches for treating individuals with CAA. Over the years, various animal models have been developed to investigate the pathophysiology of CAA and evaluate potential treatments. Recent studies have demonstrated that certain repurposed drugs, originally approved for other conditions, show promise for treating CAA. Additionally, it has been shown that positive lifestyle changes may benefit vascular health, reduce amyloid burden and neuroinflammation, and improve cognitive resilience in individuals with CAA. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on CAA, its relationship with AD, insights from preclinical and clinical studies, and emerging evidence supporting the potential of drug repurposing and lifestyle modification in managing CAA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1632252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise-mediated cerebrovascular repair in Alzheimer's disease: from pathophysiology to therapeutic precision.","authors":"Ming Cai, Keren Cai, Ziqi Wei, Jing Zhou, Jiayi Shu, Weiyi Wang, Wanju Sun, Jingyun Hu","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1632365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1632365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebrovascular dysfunctions, encompassing changes in cerebrovascular microstructure, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, cerebrovascular reactivity, and cerebral blood flow (CBF), accelerate the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Exercise emerges as a promising non-pharmacological intervention that enhances cerebrovascular repair for the treatment of AD. This review summarizes the pathological vascular changes in AD pathology, such as pericyte loss, endothelial dysfunction, and capillary fibrosis, which exacerbate hypoperfusion, hypoxia, and amyloidogenesis. We further discuss the contributing vascular factors and underlying signaling mechanisms to explore potential targets for AD diagnosis and therapy. Finally, we present evidence concerning the impact of exercise on cerebral vascular signaling and the cells involved in vascular plasticity. We also address the impact of various exercise patterns on cerebrovascular health. This work aims to uncover the potential and intervention effects of exercise on cerebrovascular non-malignant alterations and will provide exercise strategies for treating AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1632365"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise-cognitive dual-task training on cognitive frailty in older adults: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Xiaoxing Lai, Hongwei Zhu, Yonghua Cai, Baoyu Chen, Yang Li, Hongdi Du, Liping Zhang, Wenwen Wang, Shuxian Li, Xiaopeng Huo","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1639245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1639245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of exercise-cognitive dual-task training on frailty status, cognitive function, physical performance, and dual-task cognitive load in older adults with Cognitive frailty (CF) over a 16-week intervention period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled trial enrolled older adults with CF at community health service center in Chaoyang District, Beijing, between February and March 2024. Participants were randomly assigned to either the dual-task training group or the health education group in a 1:1 ratio. The dual-task training group received an exercise-cognitive dual-task training program, while the health education group received information on CF, including its symptoms, risk factors, and non-pharmacological prevention and treatment strategies. The primary outcomes were frailty status, while the secondary outcomes included cognitive function, balance and gait function, walking ability, and dual-task cognitive load.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 72 participants (35 males) were enrolled, including 36 individuals (mean age: 74.81 ± 8.23 years, 17 males, mean BMI: 21.38 ± 2.83 kg/m²) in the dual-task training group, and 36 individuals (mean age: 76.50 ± 7.75 years, 18 males, mean BMI: 22.18 ± 2.12 kg/m²) in the health education group. Participants (n = 72) were 75.66 ± 7.9 years old; 48.6% (35/72) were male and 51.4% (37/72) were female. Following the intervention, the dual-task training group exhibited significant improvements compared to the health education group in the Tilburg Frailty Index (5.14 ± 0.99 vs. 7.36 ± 1.07, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (27.25 ± 2.41 vs. 23.47 ± 1.87, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Additionally, the dual-task training group demonstrated superior outcomes in the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) scores (24.64 ± 5.50 vs. 17.39 ± 4.38, <i>p</i> < 0.001), Time Up and Go Test (TUGT) indicators (10.66 ± 1.76 vs. 12.01 ± 2.21, <i>p</i> < 0.05), and cognitive load measures (all <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exercise-cognitive dual-task training may effectively improve frailty status, cognitive function, physical performance, and dual-task cognitive load in older adults with CF, suggesting its potential for broader application in this population.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>http://www.chictr.org.cn/, ChiCTR2400080105.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1639245"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Cognitive Disorder: diagnostic challenges, clinical features, and future directions in a misunderstood condition.","authors":"Ioannis Mavroudis, Foivos Petridis, Katerina Franekova, Malina Visternicu, Viorica Rarinca, Vasile Burlui, Alin Ciobica, Bogdan Novac, Irina Dobrin, Mihai Marian Hogas, Erica Bovari, Cristina Albert, Dimitrios Kazis","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1665510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1665510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional Cognitive Disorder (FCD), a condition marked by significant subjective cognitive complaints in the absence of identifiable neurological disease, is increasingly recognized as a distinct and underdiagnosed entity in clinical practice. This review synthesizes recent findings to clarify its diagnostic features, differentiate it from other cognitive syndromes such as mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and explore its psychological underpinnings. We examined longitudinal studies, meta-analyses, and clinical frameworks to identify patterns of symptom presentation, cognitive performance, and psychosocial factors. Findings reveal that FCD is characterized by inconsistent cognitive deficits, preserved functional independence, and heightened help-seeking behavior, often accompanied by anxiety, metacognitive dysfunction, and maladaptive beliefs about memory. Unlike neurodegenerative conditions, FCD follows a stable, non-progressive course and shows no evidence of conversion to dementia when accurately diagnosed. Enhanced clinical recognition and structured assessment approaches are crucial for improving diagnostic accuracy, minimizing patient distress, and avoiding unnecessary medical interventions. Further research is needed to standardize diagnostic criteria and develop targeted therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1665510"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excessive daytime sleepiness and gait disturbances in patients with Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Yibo Xie, Maoyun Zhao, Yanjie Guo, Panpan Tian, Sheng Liu, Hongxia Xing","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1626247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1626247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), which is common in Parkinson's disease (PD), has been reported to exacerbate gait disturbance in patients with PD, but there is a lack of objective assessment, as well as an unknown specific mechanism. The purpose of our study is to explore the relationship between EDS and gait parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-one patients with PD were recruited and divided into the EDS group (<i>n</i> = 29) and the non-EDS group (<i>n</i> = 32) based on the scores of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The gait metrics of the two groups were then assessed by wearable devices and compared under various walking scenarios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the non-EDS group, the EDS group showed significantly shorter step lengths and stride lengths, slower walk speed and gait speed, reduced shank-max forward swing and sagittal angular velocity, and increased phase coordination indices and mean duration of turns. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant association between ESS scores and various gait parameters. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis confirmed that EDS is an independent factor influencing gait in patients with PD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EDS was independently associated with gait disturbances in patients with PD, suggesting that EDS symptoms warrant serious attention in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1626247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free-water imaging of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in apolipoprotein E4 carriers.","authors":"Edward Ofori, B Blair Braden, Kewei Chen, Yi Su, Richard J Caselli, Eric M Reiman","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1597127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1597127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The apolipoprotein E (<i>APOE</i>) ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to investigate the interactive effects of <i>APOE</i> ε4 genotype and cardiovascular risk on the microstructure of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM), a key cholinergic region affected early in AD, using advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 167 cognitively unimpaired older adults from the Arizona <i>APOE</i> Cohort. Participants were stratified by genotype: <i>APOE</i> ε4 non-carriers (<i>N</i> = 83), heterozygous carriers (<i>N</i> = 51), and homozygous carriers (<i>N</i> = 33). Cardiovascular risk was quantified using a composite score calculated by assigning points based on the presence of risk factors (myocardial infarction/peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia) and categorized levels of continuous variables (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index) with higher scores indicating greater risk. Participants underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessments, structural MRI, diffusion MRI, and Pittsburgh Compound-B (PiB) Positron Emission Tomography imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant interaction was found between <i>APOE</i> genotype and cardiovascular risk on NBM FW levels (<i>p</i> = 0.02). In <i>APOE</i> ε3/ε3 and ε3/ε4 carriers, greater cardiovascular risk was associated with increased NBM FW. Conversely, <i>APOE</i> ε4/ε4 carriers exhibited similar FW values regardless of their cardiovascular risk category. Furthermore, elevated NBM FW accounted for approximately 25% of the variance in systolic blood pressure, homocysteine, and cholesterol-to-HDL ratio (<i>p</i>'s < 0.01). Cardiovascular risk had a more pronounced effect on corrected fractional anisotropy (FA) than on FW measures (<i>p</i>'s < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that the <i>APOE</i> ε4/ε4 accelerates early microstructural alterations within the basal forebrain cholinergic system potentially through mechanisms involving altered lipid homeostasis, compromised neurovascular integrity, and sustained neuroinflammatory responses. These effects appear to indicate a genotype-specific vulnerability. Free-water imaging of the NBM emerges as a sensitive, non-invasive biomarker capable of detecting these <i>APOE</i>-modulated microstructural changes before overt atrophy or cognitive decline. Understanding the multifactorial pathways through which <i>APOE</i> ε4 and cardiovascular factors confer risk may enable increased understanding in genetically susceptible individuals prior to widespread neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1597127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microglia-associated research in Parkinson's disease: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Yan-Jun Chen, Ming-Rong Xie, Sheng-Qiang Zhou, Fang Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2025.1657349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1657349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that predominantly affects the elderly. Evidence indicates that microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is recognized as one of the key mechanisms in PD. This study aims to analyze the key points, hotspots, and emerging frontiers in research related to PD and microglia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Publications were obtained from the Web of Science and PubMed databases. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to generate visual representations and conduct numerical analyses of the dataset.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>China and the United States were the leading contributors. Shanghai Jiao Tong University was the most active institution. The <i>Journal of Neuroinflammation</i> published the most papers on microglia and PD. Dr. Jau-Shyong Hong was the most prolific author. High-frequency keywords included PD, microglia, neuroinflammation, alpha-synuclein (a-syn), neurodegeneration, microglial activation, and oxidative stress. Gut microbiota and the NLRP3 inflammasome have garnered significant interest from researchers in recent years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study generated visual mappings of microglia and PD-related research. Neuroinflammation, a-syn, neurodegeneration, microglial activation, and oxidative stress represent major focuses and hotspots in this field. Gut microbiota and the NLRP3 inflammasome have rapidly attracted research attention and are likely to be key directions for future studies in the coming years.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1657349"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}