Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"ISLAND Campus: a fee-free formal university educational intervention in mid- to later-life to reduce modifiable risk factors for dementia and improve cognition.","authors":"Eddy Roccati, Alex Kitsos, Aidan David Bindoff, Jane Elizabeth Alty, Larissa Bartlett, Jessica Marie Collins, Anna Elizabeth King, Hannah Fair, Kathleen Doherty, James Clement Vickers","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1479926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1479926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous research has tended to focus on early-life education for dementia risk reduction, yet there are great gains for building cognitive reserve in mid- to later-life through educational interventions. ISLAND (Island Study Linking Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disease) Campus offered free university study to all ISLAND participants, with flexible in-person/online learning models to remove educational, socioeconomic and geographical barriers. Here the core hypothesis of ISLAND Campus was investigated: that engagement in later life education leads to improvements in modifiable risk factors for dementia, cognition and blood-based biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ISLAND Campus participants were matched on age and gender to non-Campus participants via propensity score method, with optimal matching based on logistic regression. Participants completed online surveys on health, demographics, modifiable dementia risk factors via a customized Dementia Risk Profile (DRP) tool and provided blood samples for APOE genotyping and plasma phosphorylated-tau (p-tau). Cognition was measured online via the validated Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery Paired Associates Learning (PAL) and Spatial Working Memory (SWM) tasks. Impact of the opt-in formal educational intervention was tested in R via ANCOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total participants were 986 (interventio<i>n</i> = 492, control = 492), mean age of 61.2 years, 73.2% female, 11.7 mean years of education and 25.0% APOE e4+. Over 4 years of follow-up, intervention participants significantly improved working memory (SWM) and their risk factor profiles as measured via the DRP (<i>p</i> < 0.001), indicating a significant change towards lower dementia risk. Intervention and control participants were similar on socioeconomic status, location of residence, p-tau and APOE e4 presence, however Campus participants displayed a significantly higher proportion of prior university study completion (76.0%) than controls (60.0%). Intervention participants enrolled in a variety of university degrees, the most common were Diploma of Family History (<i>n</i> = 103, 20.9%), Diploma of Arts (<i>n</i> = 74, 15.0%) and Diploma of Fine Arts (<i>n</i> = 52, 10.5%).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>ISLAND Campus has shown how free later-life university education was associated with improvements in modifiable dementia risk factors over time and cognition. Given opt-in intervention participants were significantly more likely to have a prior university education, later life formal educational interventions should be targeted at individuals with lower prior education.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1479926"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11656078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of serum neurofilament light chain for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Lihua Gu, Pengcheng Zhang, Rui Gao, Hao Shu, Pan Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1465016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1465016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurofilament light chain (NfL) has recently emerged as a key indicator of neurodegeneration. In this study, our hypothesis is that the levels of blood-derived NfL and its accumulation during the Parkinson's disease (PD) progression could serve as a potential biomarker for predicting subsequent cognitive decline. To investigate this, we conducted a study utilizing a large single-center cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 193 participants, consisting of 106 cognitively normal PD (PD-CN) patients and 87 normal controls (NC) individuals. Serum NfL concentrations were measured. PD patients were followed up for clinical assessment at an average of 2 ± 0.6 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The serum NfL levels were significantly higher in PD-CN patients compared to NC. PD-CN patients and NC at follow-up time exhibited higher serum NfL levels compared to those at baseline. PD patients with high serum NfL levels were found to have a higher likelihood of transitioning from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.107, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.010-1.213, <i>p</i> = 0.030). The area under the curve (AUC) for PD-CN conversion to MCI or dementia at follow-up time was determined to be 0.684 (95% CI 0.569-0.799).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, our study found that PD patients have significantly higher levels of serum NfL compared to individuals without PD. Furthermore, serum NfL levels increase as PD progresses and can predict cognitive impairment within a 2-year timeframe. Serum NfL may serve as a feasible, non-invasive biomarker of cognitive progression in PD. However, further studies and functional experiments are needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1465016"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neural basis of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Nicole K Zhang, Selena K Zhang, Li I Zhang, Huizhong W Tao, Guang-Wei Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1487875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1487875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) such as depression, anxiety, apathy and aggression affect up to 90% of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. These symptoms significantly increase caregiver stress and institutionalization rates, and more importantly they are correlated with faster cognitive decline. However, the neuronal basis of NPS in AD remains largely unknown. Here, we review current understanding of NPS and related pathology in studies of AD patients and AD mouse models. Clinical studies indicate that NPS prevalence and severity vary across different AD stages and types. Neuroimaging and postmortem studies have suggested that pathological changes in the anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala are linked to NPS, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Studies of AD mouse models have indicated that amyloid-beta and tau-related neurodegeneration in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex are correlated with NPS-like behavioral deficits. A better understanding of the NPS phenotypes and related pathological changes will pave the way for developing a better management strategy for NPS in AD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1487875"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action observation treatment may improve daily living activities and verb recovery in Parkinson's disease-dementia: findings from a preliminary randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Lucia Paciaroni, Elena Mastrosanti, Leonardo Biscetti, Susy Paolini, Sara Mauri, Paolo Fabbietti, Giovanni Renato Riccardi, Marco Bruno Luigi Rocchi, Giuseppe Pelliccioni","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1488881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1488881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Action observation treatment (AOT) is a novel rehabilitation approach aimed to the recovery of both motor and linguistic deficits in subjects with brain lesions. The aim of the present randomized controlled study was to assess the benefits of AOT treatment in the activities of daily living (ADLs) and in the linguistic abilities of the patients with Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) at mild-moderate stage (Hoehn & Yahr's stage scale: 2-3).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to an experimental group (submitted to AOT) or to a control group. The experimental group (AOT-group) underwent the vision of a video containing 6 complex ADLs, while the control group (C-group) was subjected to a video-clip regarding semantic information of a geographical-naturalistic type without motor content. The treatment duration was 4 weeks. All patients underwent assessment before and after the treatment by the following tools: Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (UPDRS-Part III), Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADCS-ADL), Direct Assessment of Functional Status (DAFS) and subtest Verb Naming of Analysis of Aphasic Deficit Battery (BADA). Paired samples <i>t</i> test was performed to compare all the variables of interest in the time, dividing by groups. <i>p</i>-value<0.05 was considered significant in all analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AOT-group showed an improvement from baseline to the end of study in ADCS-ADL (<i>p</i> = 0.001), BADA (<i>p</i> = 0.011) and DAFS (<i>p</i> = 0.005), while C-group did not change significantly in the time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These preliminary results suggest the potential efficacy of AOT in rehabilitation of ADLs and verb retrieval in people with PD. Further studies will be necessary to verify these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1488881"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging of visual word perception is related to decreased segregation within and beyond the word network in the brain.","authors":"Licheng Xue, Tianying Qing, Yating Lv, Jing Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1483449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1483449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We investigated the neural correlates of cognitive decline in visual word perception from the perspective of intrinsic brain networks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 19 healthy older adults and 22 young adults were recruited to participate in two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions (one resting-state session and one for localizer tasks), along with a visual word perceptual processing task. We examined age-related alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (FC) within the word network, as well as between the word network and other networks. We tested their associations with behavioral performance in word and symbol-form processing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that, compared to young adults, older adults exhibited increased FC between the two word-selective regions in the left and right ventral occipitotemporal cortex (vOT). Additionally, older adults exhibited increased FC between these two word-selective regions and non-word-selective regions. Notably, these FC alterations correlated with individual differences in behavioral performance in visual word perception.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These results suggest that cognitive decline in visual word perception is associated with decreased segregation within and beyond the word network in the aging brain. Our findings support the neural dedifferentiation hypothesis for cognitive decline in visual word processing and improve our understanding of interactive neural specialization theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1483449"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between plasma trimethylamine N-oxide and cerebral white matter hyperintensity: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Xiaotan Ji, Xudong Zhang, Jie Zhang, Shenna Niu, Hui Cong Xiao, Hong Chen, Chuanqiang Qu","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1498502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1498502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cerebral white matter hyperintensity (WMH) is a pivotal imaging feature of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), closely correlated with an elevated risk of ischemic stroke (IS). Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite of gut microbiota, is increasingly associated with IS and atherosclerosis. However, the intricate relationship between TMAO and WMH remains ambiguous. This study aimed to study the connection between plasma TMAO and WMH. Furthermore, it assessed the potential of TMAO as a risk evaluation instrument for WMH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, we categorized WMH into periventricular WMH (P-WMH) and deep WMH (D-WMH), based on its locations. The severity of WMH was assessed and grouped according to the Fazekas scale. Plasma TMAO levels were quantitatively determined. We established the correlation between plasma TMAO levels and WMH severity using a Logistic regression model. Additionally, we employed ROC curves to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of plasma TMAO concentration in distinguishing the severity of WMH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A higher plasma TMAO tertile was significantly linked to a higher Fazekas score, encompassing the overall score, P-WMH score, and D-WMH score (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A logical regression analysis revealed that plasma TMAO levels were independently associated with overall moderate and severe WMH, compared to overall non-mild WMH, in the unadjusted model (OR = 1.373, 95%CI 1.183-1.594 for moderate; OR = 1.384, 95%CI 1.192-1.607 for severe), the adjusted model a (OR = 1.436, 95%CI 1.214-1.669 for moderate; OR = 1.446, 95%CI 1.222-1.711 for severe) and the adjusted model b (OR = 1.490, 95%CI 1.234-1.800 for moderate; OR = 1.494, 95%CI 1.237-1.805 for severe). The analysis also showed an independent correlation between plasma TMAO levels and WMH severity, irrespective of the unadjusted model, adjusted model a, or adjusted model b, when considering P-WMH and D-WMH severity. The ROC indicated that, in overall WMH and P-WMH, the area under curve (AUC) for non-mild and severe WMH were both>0.5, while the AUC for moderate WMH was<0.5. In contrast, in D-WMH, the AUC for non-mild, moderate, and severe WMH were all>0.5.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Plasma TMAO levels exhibited a significant correlation with both overall and region-specific WMH severity. Furthermore, the plasma TMAO levels displayed robust predictive capability for D-WMH.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1498502"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in cerebral structure among patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and patients with Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Xiaorui Cui, Mingpeng Li, Guanxiong Lei, Jie Wang, Jialin Pan, Sheng Zhu, Tao Wu, Liangyu Zou, Jianhui Yan","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1453051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1453051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brain has been shown to undergo progressive atrophy in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, more evidence is needed to elucidate how the brain structure changes during the progression to AD. Here, we observed differences in the cerebral structure among patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and patients with AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 46 participants were selected and divided into AD, aMCI, and healthy control (HC) groups. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) was performed on all participants. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM) techniques were utilized to analyze sMRI data so as to identify significant differences among the specific brain regions of these three groups. Then, a correlation analysis was performed on the characteristics of the identified brain regions and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) cognitive assessment scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The volume of the left precuneus region, which was identified by voxel-based morphometry, and the thickness of both sides of the inferior parietal, which was identified by surface-based morphometry, were shown to be less in AD/aMCI patients, compared to those of the HC. The correlation analysis showed that there were significant differences between the volume of the left precuneus region and the MMSE/MoCA scores, as well as between the thickness of the left and right sides of the inferior parietal region and the MMSE/MoCA scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The sMRI characteristics of the identified brain regions were considered to be potential predictive diagnostic biomarkers for AD.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>Identifier: ChiCTR2400092593.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1453051"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of brain structural and functional changes in cognitive impairment associated with Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Danna Cao, Jinhuan Yue, Zeyi Wei, Dong-Hong Huang, Xuchen Sun, Ke-Xuan Liu, Peng Wang, Fan Jiang, Xiaoling Li, Qinhong Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1494385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1494385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive impairment is a critical non-motor symptom of Parkinson's Disease (PD) that profoundly affects patients' quality of life. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has emerged as a valuable tool for investigating the structural and functional brain changes associated with cognitive impairment in PD (PD-CI). MRI techniques enable the precise identification and monitoring of the onset and progression of cognitive deficits in PD. This review synthesizes recent literature on the use of MRI-based techniques, including voxel-based morphometry, diffusion tensor imaging, and functional MRI, in the study of PD-CI. By examining these imaging modalities, the article aims to elucidate the patterns of brain structural and functional alterations in PD-CI, offering critical insights that can inform clinical management and therapeutic strategies. In particular, this review provides a novel synthesis of recent advancements in understanding how specific MRI metrics, such as amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, regional homogeneity, and functional connectivity, contribute to early detection and personalized treatment approaches for PD-CI. The integration of findings from these studies enhances our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in PD and highlights the potential of MRI as a supportive tool in the clinical assessment and treatment of PD-CI.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1494385"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms with amyloid burden in cognitively normal older adults.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Yi-Miao Gong, San-Wang Wang, Pei-Ling Shi, Ming-Zhe Li, Xin Wen, Di-Xin Wang, Yong-Bo Zheng, Yong Han","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1422862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1422862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with the development of dementia. However, the link between PTSD and preclinical Alzheimer's disease pathology (amyloid <i>β</i> [Aβ]) remains controversial. Moreover, the correlation between the severity of PTSD with Aβ levels remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study sought to investigate the associations of PTSD symptoms with global and regional brain Aβ burden. To this end, data were obtained from participants in the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease (A4) Study. In addition, we explored the association between the severity of PTSD symptoms and Aβ levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,228 participants aged 65 to 85 years were included in the final analysis. The results showed that PTSD symptoms were significantly associated with higher global Aβ levels (1.15 ± 0.20 vs. 1.09 ± 0.19; β = 0.056; <i>p</i> < 0.001), after adjusting for covariates. The association between PTSD symptoms and Aβ levels was not affected by sex, age, <i>ApoE</i> genotype, or psychiatric diseases. Similarly, PTSD symptoms were significantly associated with Aβ levels in all subregions, including the anterior cingulate, posterior cingulate, parietal cortex, precuneus, temporal cortex, and frontal cortex. In addition, the group with severe PTSD symptoms (1.22 ± 0.24) exhibited higher global Aβ levels than the groups with moderate (1.14 ± 0.19) or mild (1.12 ± 0.20) symptoms or the control (1.08 ± 0.18), with <i>p</i> < 0.001.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings imply a close relationship between PTSD and brain Aβ levels, irrespective of sex, age, <i>ApoE</i> genotype, or psychiatric diseases. More well-designed studies are needed to further explore the relationship and mechanism underlying the association between PTSD and Aβ burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1422862"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11649661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroimaging techniques, gene therapy, and gut microbiota: frontier advances and integrated applications in Alzheimer's Disease research.","authors":"Haitao Wang, Chen Shi, Ling Jiang, Xiaozhu Liu, Rui Tang, Mingxi Tang","doi":"10.3389/fnagi.2024.1485657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1485657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline, for which effective treatments remain elusive due to complex pathogenesis. Recent advances in neuroimaging, gene therapy, and gut microbiota research offer new insights and potential intervention strategies. Neuroimaging enables early detection and staging of AD through visualization of biomarkers, aiding diagnosis and tracking of disease progression. Gene therapy presents a promising approach for modifying AD-related genetic expressions, targeting amyloid and tau pathology, and potentially repairing neuronal damage. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota influences AD pathology through the gut-brain axis, impacting inflammation, immune response, and amyloid metabolism. However, each of these technologies faces significant challenges, including concerns about safety, efficacy, and ethical considerations. This article reviews the applications, advantages, and limitations of neuroimaging, gene therapy, and gut microbiota research in AD, with a particular focus on their combined potential for early diagnosis, mechanistic insights, and therapeutic interventions. We propose an integrated approach that leverages these tools to provide a multi-dimensional framework for advancing AD diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12450,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience","volume":"16 ","pages":"1485657"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11649678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}