Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology最新文献

{"title":"Exercise benefits yourself and your offspring: a mini-review.","authors":"Kun Wang, Jiajia Zhao, Yanqiu Wang, Mairu Liu","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1606790","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1606790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regular physical activity is widely recognized for its systemic health benefits, extending beyond physical fitness to influence metabolism, immunity, and neurophysiology. Pregnancy is a physiologically unique period characterized by dynamic immunometabolic changes that are crucial for maternal and fetal health. Maternal exercise during this window offers a non-pharmacological strategy to enhance maternal wellbeing and optimize offspring development. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the effects of maternal exercise on both pregnant women and their offspring. In mothers, exercise improves metabolic profiles, modulates inflammatory responses, supports neuroplasticity, and promotes skeletal health. In offspring, maternal exercise confers long-term benefits including improved glucose metabolism, enhanced neurogenesis, cognitive development, and immune resilience. Mechanistically, these effects are mediated through molecular pathways such as placental superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) upregulation, adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase/ten-eleven translocation (AMPK/TET) signaling in the fetal liver, and exercise-induced circulating factors like Apelin and SERPINA3C, which contribute to epigenetic remodeling and tissue-specific programming. Despite growing evidence, gaps remain in understanding the optimal intensity, timing, and molecular mediators of maternal exercise, particularly regarding long-term immune and neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring. Future studies leveraging multi-omics approaches are needed to elucidate cross-organ signaling mechanisms and identify therapeutic targets to mimic exercise-induced benefits. Overall, maternal exercise emerges as a safe, accessible intervention with significant potential to improve maternal-fetal health and reduce offspring disease risk across the lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1606790"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on gene expression in stomach at different developmental stages of human embryos.","authors":"Weiyu Guan, Xinran Lu, Yin Zhang, Hongping Ding, Xinmei Liu, Le Yang, Wenran Wang, Jianwu Shi, Shichun Feng","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1564789","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1564789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The proper development of embryonic stomach in human is essential for the functionality of the adult stomach. However, the key genes, biological processes, and signaling pathways that influence stomach development in human embryogenesis are not yet fully understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, stomach samples were obtained from human embryos at developmental stages ranging from two to seven months. Through transcriptomic sequencing, we identified the differentially expressed genes and enrichment processes in the stomach at various developmental phases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this study indicate that genes associated with embryonic organ morphogenesis, digestive tract development, and gastric acid secretion displayed elevated expression during the early developmental stages. Additionally, a number of genes linked to cilium assembly and organization, peptide and hormone secretion and transportation, and immune response, showed increased expression during stomach maturation. Our findings elucidate that both the morphological and functional aspects of the stomach develop during the early stages of embryonic development. As gastric development, the stomach progressively acquires additional functions. This research provides insights into the intricate regulatory networks among the genes involved in embryonic digestive tract development, digestion and embryonic organ morphogenesis. Therefore, the formation of human embryonic stomach necessitates the synergistic regulation of a plethora of genes. Notably, this study not only identified traditionally recognized genes but also revealed many previously uncharacterized genes that play potential roles in stomach development and its functions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings establish a crucial basis for future studies on stomach development and the disorders arising from fetal stomach abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1564789"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DYRK1A in blood and immune function: implications in leukemia, inflammatory disorders, infection and Down syndrome.","authors":"Esteban J Rozen, Robin D Dowell, Mary A Allen","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1587089","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1587089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Down syndrome (DS) is the most frequent autosomal aneuploidy, and it arises due to an extra copy of human chromosome 21. Individuals with trisomy 21 (T21) exhibit an increased predisposition towards a wide number of developmental and physiological alterations, often referred to as DS co-occurring conditions, including congenital heart disease, leukemia, intellectual disability, neurodegenerative disorders or autoimmune diseases, among many others. The overexpression of several genes encoded on chromosome 21 have been linked to many of such T21-associated disorders, but we are still very far from grasping a full picture of the contributions and interconnections of such genes in the pathophysiology of DS. DYRK1A is a versatile and ubiquitous kinase encoded on human chromosome 21, and as such, its activity has been linked to many alterations that characterize DS. Although most of the attention has been focused on DYRK1A's roles in neural development, function and degeneration, accumulating reports are expanding the scope towards other tissues and conditions where this kinase also performs critical functions, such as the cardiovascular system, diabetes, inflammation and immune homeostasis. Here, we present a detailed review of the literature summarizing all the information linking DYRK1A to blood and immune function, as well as leukemia, inflammation and viral infections, with a special focus on their potential associations to T21. This article synthesizes evidence that supports several novel hypotheses on previously unsuspected roles for DYRK1A in specific DS alterations, opening new pathways for the research community to explore and therefore, contributing to future innovative diagnostic or therapeutic interventions. This article will hopefully inspire and guide the advancement of our knowledge leading to much needed treatments for individuals with Down syndrome, but also for the general population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1587089"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of transcriptome analyses of hippocampal neurogenesis with focus on adult dentate gyrus stem cells.","authors":"Laura Micheli, Maurizia Caruso, Giorgio D'Andrea, Daniel Volpe, Manuela Ceccarelli, Felice Tirone","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1605116","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1605116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adult mammalian brains generate new neurons throughout life in two main niches, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone, starting from neural stem cells (NSCs). Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is crucial for learning and memory and decreases during aging. As defined in mouse models, NSCs, which are prevalently quiescent, develop into proliferating progenitor cells, neuroblasts, and immature and mature neurons. Two visions for NSC self-renewal in the dentate gyrus have been proposed, one postulating persistent self-renewal, with cycles of rest and reactivation even in old age, and the other proposing a short-lived NSC model. Single-cell RNA sequencing and clonal studies, discussed in this review, have shed light on the developmental steps of neurogenic cells and the modality of self-renewal, revealing the presence in the adult dentate gyrus of NSC heterogeneous populations, one long-lived and another rapidly depleted at an early age. Another relevant question is whether adult neurogenesis occurs in humans. A few single-cell RNA-seq studies show that new neurons, with prolonged neuronal maturation, are continuously generated at low frequency from stem/progenitor cells, which results in the accumulation of immature granule cell neurons. This suggests an important role of these cells in human neurogenesis and hence interspecies differences in the neurogenic process dynamics. This review is focused on transcriptomic studies that have faced these and other NSC issues by analyzing developmental trajectories of neural cells and NSCs gene expression profiles in specific experimental settings of hippocampal neurogenesis, and also in mouse models with deletion or overexpression of specific genes to reproduce neural pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1605116"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The polar code for patterning: how polarity and the cytoskeleton orchestrate asymmetric cell division during plant development.","authors":"Akanksha Garhewal, Gabriel J Angres, Andrew Muroyama","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1618444","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1618444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell polarity is fundamental to morphogenesis across living organisms. In plants, a dynamic interplay between polarity cues and the cytoskeleton orchestrates essential asymmetric cell divisions across diverse species. Here, we focus on three functions for the cytoskeleton-organelle positioning, cell growth and mitosis-and discuss our current understanding of how polarity controls these processes. By taking a comparative approach that highlights what is known about these pathways across plant species, we spotlight both the broadly conserved and cell type-specific ways that polarity can regulate division orientation. Because there have been significant developments in the field within the last several years, we focus our attention on recent work and give our perspective on exciting future avenues of investigation into the reciprocal relationship between polarity and the cytoskeleton.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1618444"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Armed <i>in-vitro</i> retina\"-generating microglial retinal organoids, where are we now?","authors":"Yaohong Liu, Lixiong Gao, Wenqian Chen, Yuhan Yan, Zi Ye, Zhaohui Li","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1574283","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1574283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of organoid research is to develop <i>in vitro</i> models that accurately replicate the microenvironment of tissues and organs <i>in vivo</i>. Although techniques for culturing retinal organoids (ROs) have advanced significantly, they still fall short of incorporating all cell types necessary for maintaining retinal homeostasis, particularly immune cells like microglia. Standardizing the inclusion of immune cells in RO cultures would greatly enhance research into the mechanisms underlying retinal diseases and the discovery of therapeutic targets. This review examines recent advancements in co-culturing ROs with immune cells to mimic the physiological and pathological microenvironments of the retina, focusing on tissue structure and function. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of cutting-edge organoid technologies, such as microfluidics and organ-on-chip systems, in propelling research in this field. The goal is to equip researchers with a more profound understanding of microglial ROs and their potential applications in scientific investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1574283"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NK cell activity in the tumor microenvironment.","authors":"A V Kuznetsova, X A Glukhova, I P Beletsky, A A Ivanov","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1609479","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1609479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) impairs natural killer (NK) cell infiltration and persistence within tumor tissue and significantly diminishes NK-mediated cytotoxicity. This presents a substantial barrier to the efficacy of NK cell therapy in solid tumors. Current strategies aim to overcome immune evasion by enhancing NK cell recognition and cytotoxicity, while promoting their persistence, infiltration, and resistance to the TME. This review focusses on the biophysical characteristics of TME and specific components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that affect NK cell activity, with the goal of identifying therapeutic approaches to modulate the TME and create a supportive niche for adaptive immune cell function. Advancements in interdisciplinary collaborations integrating oncology, cell biology, physics, engineering, materials science, and nanotechnology are crucial in advancing therapeutic strategies targeting ECM rigidity and mechanotransduction signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1609479"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162653/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomedical applications of organoids derived from the digestive system.","authors":"Zhensheng Xu, Zhongwen Lei, Qiuhua Cheng, Yuanhui Gao, Yang Xiang","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1599384","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1599384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global incidence of digestive system diseases is increasing, posing a significant public health challenge and driving an escalating demand for research into the mechanisms underlying their onset and progression. Traditional cell models and xenotransplantation animal models have been widely used to simulate human digestive diseases, thereby enhancing our understanding of disease occurrence, progression, and drug resistance. However, these models fail to fully replicate the complex cellular microenvironment and spatial structure, and are further limited by individual and species differences. Organoid technology, as an emerging <i>in vitro</i> cell culture approach, enables the precise culturing and differentiation of human stem cells to generate highly tissue-specific and functionally intact organoids. This technology not only better recapitulates cell-to-cell interactions, extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment, and organ-specific physiological functions but also more closely mimics the human physiological state <i>in vitro</i>. Moreover, it reduces reliance on animal experiments, enhances the translatability of research findings, mitigates the limitations of animal models and two-dimensional cell models, and plays a pivotal role in simulating the physiological and pathological processes of the human digestive tract. Currently, common techniques for constructing organoids include embedding culture, rotating culture, magnetic suspension culture, organ-on-a-chip, three-dimensional (3D), and four-dimensional (4D) printing technologies. Seed cells are primarily derived from digestive system epithelial cells and pluripotent stem cells. This article reviews the construction methods of digestive system organoids, evaluates their applications in studying growth and development mechanisms, disease modeling and mechanism research, drug screening, regenerative medicine, and precision medicine, and identifies existing challenges and future research directions to provide a valuable reference for biomedical research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1599384"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-driven approach for cataract management: towards precise identification and predictive analytics.","authors":"Shuaixin Lu, Lingling Ba, Jie Wang, Min Zhou, Peiyao Huang, Xiaohua Zhang, Simo Pan, Xinmiao Zhou, Kai Wen, Jing Sun","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1611216","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1611216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deep learning (DL) technology has shown significant potential in the whole process of cataract diagnosis and treatment through algorithms such as convolutional neural network (CNN). In terms of diagnosis, DL models based on fundus or slit-lamp images can automatically identify and grade cataract, and their diagnostic accuracy is close to or beyond the level of human experts. In the field of surgery, DL can analyze the operation video stage in real time, accurately track the instruments and optimize the operation process, and reduce the risk of intraoperative eye error through intelligent devices. DL could optimize the intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation, predict the risk of complications and long-term surgery requirements. However, insufficient data standardization, the \"black box\" characteristics of the model, and privacy ethics issues are still the bottlenecks in clinical application. In the future, it is necessary to improve the generalization ability of model through multimodal data fusion, federated learning and other technologies, and combine interpretable design (such as Grad-CAM) to promote the evolution of DL to a transparent medical decision-making tool, and finally realize the intelligence and universality of cataract management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1611216"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Next generation micro-physiological systems for pragmatic use in regular industrial workflow.","authors":"Ali Kermanizadeh, David M Brown, Wolfgang Moritz","doi":"10.3389/fcell.2025.1607979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2025.1607979","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12448,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1607979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12158916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}