Friction最新文献

{"title":"Dragonfly wing-inspired MXene-reinforced self-locking interpenetrating network coating with ultralow friction and corrosion resistance","authors":"Mouji Li, Yuxia Ma, Wufang Yang, Shuanhong Ma, Zhenjun Peng, Bin Li, Bo Yu, Feng Zhou, Weimin Liu","doi":"10.26599/frict.2026.9441247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2026.9441247","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inspired by the rigid vein-flexible membrane hierarchical architecture of dragonfly wings with an exceptional natural system integrating strength, flexibility, and damage tolerance, we designed and fabricated, a robust, multifunctional composite coating (O-H-M) based on polysilazane (OPSZ), hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), and MXene nanosheets for synergistic lubrication and corrosion protection. This bio-inspired design strategically integrates three complementary components: a rigid OPSZ backbone for structural support and substrate adhesion, flexible HTPB chains that enable energy dissipation via shear deformation and chain slippage, and 2D MXene nanosheets serving dual roles as a solid lubricant and nano-reinforcement. The “self-locking interpenetrating network” formed by chemical crosslinking between OPSZ and HTPB effectively mitigates the inherent brittleness of OPSZ, endowing the coating with remarkable toughness. MXene further enhances load-bearing capacity and wear resistance while constructing a labyrinth barrier against corrosive species. The resulting O-H-M coating achieves an ultralow friction coefficient (˂ 0.1) and a wear rate far reduced by one order of magnitude compared to pure OPSZ. It also exhibits outstanding long-term corrosion resistance, decreasing the corrosion current density of Q235B by three orders of magnitude relative to the bare metal substrate, and maintains robust stability under coupled tribocorrosion conditions. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the superior lubricity originates from synergistic effects: the cross-linked network facilitates molecular chain mobility and energy dissipation, while MXene enables interlayer sliding to reduce shear stress. This work offers practical and scalable paradigm for developing next-generation bio-inspired multifunctional coatings that balance mechanical robustness, lubricity, and chemical stability, with great potential for harsh engineering environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147625739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucus-inspired functionalized ionic liquid/carnauba wax composite polyurethane with friction-driven underwater multi-lubrication","authors":"Shaoqian Qin, Zhiwei Guo, Zumin Wu, Chengqing Yuan","doi":"10.26599/frict.2026.9441245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2026.9441245","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Achieving stable and long-lasting low friction and extended lifespan for polymeric components in underwater mechanical systems remains challenging. Inspired by the low friction and efficient lubrication provided by the mucus secreted on fish skin, this study fabricated the bioinspired functionalized ionic liquid/carnauba wax (IL-SiO₂/CW) reinforced polyurethane composites (PUCW-ILs) and investigated its properties. The results demonstrate that PUCW-1.5ILs, with a 1.5 wt.% addition ratio, achieved stable and persistent low friction and wear performance: an average coefficient of friction as low as 0.07 and an average wear loss of 0.006 g at 0.5 MPa (decreased 81% and 84.2% compared to PU respectively). This superior performance stems from the enhanced shear resistance of the matrix by IL-SiO₂, the formation of stable lubricating and transfer films at the interface by both CW and IL-SiO₂ and the hydration effect of IL-SiO₂.</p>","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions of phosphonium-based ionic liquids and ZDDP: both synergy and antagonism","authors":"Shaoli Jiang, Debashis Puhan, Kazuya Kuriyagawa, Jean Michel Martin, Théo Yamana, Liyuan Zhang, Nan Xu, Koshi Adachi, Motoyuki Murashima","doi":"10.26599/frict.2026.9441244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2026.9441244","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as promising candidates for use as lubricants and lubricant additives. However, due to their high cost, it is practical to explore their application in combination with conventional lubricant formulations. This approach, though promising, necessitates further investigation into the interactions between ILs and traditional additives. In this study, two phosphonium-based ILs, [P₄₄₄₂][DEP] and [P₆₆₆₁₄][(iC8)₂PO₂], were blended with a polyalphaolefin base oil (PAO4) containing zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP), one of the most widely used antiwear additives. Tribological performance was evaluated using both ball-on-disc tribotests and <em>in lubro</em> atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanoscale experiments. Tests were conducted under boundary lubrication conditions at a constant normal load of 15 N, at room temperature and at 60 °C. Friction coefficient, wear volume, and surface morphology were recorded, followed by post-mortem analyses using SEM/EDX, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to examine the chemical composition of wear tracks. AFM-based imaging revealed the morphological evolution of the contact area as sliding progressed. The results demonstrated that [P₄₄₄₂][DEP] provided superior tribological performance compared to [P₆₆₆₁₄][(iC8)₂PO₂], attributed to the structural characteristics of its phosphate anion. Notably, the combination of ILs with ZDDP exhibited both synergistic and antagonistic effects on antiwear behaviour, depending on the specific IL used. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of interfacial additive interactions and shed light on the complex lubrication mechanisms of ionic liquids.</p>","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147465991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tribology of integrated texture-adhesive-microparticle-fiber surface","authors":"Kai Feng, Jing Ni, Yueru Zhang, Haohan Zhang","doi":"10.26599/frict.2025.9441180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2025.9441180","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A sustainable method is proposed to improve friction reduction and wear resistance of high-hardness surfaces, which provides a useful reference for cutting tools. Nylon fibers were implanted in a meshed texture containing microparticles (Fe₃O₄) on the high-speed steel (HSS) surface using the electrostatic flocking method. The pulsed magnetic field treatment was then applied to the flocking surface, which is highly efficient and environmentally friendly. The tribology of an integrated texture-adhesive-microparticle-fiber HSS surface under Fe₃O₄ nanofluid was investigated. The coefficient of friction (COF) and the wear state of three surfaces (smooth, textured, flocking) were compared by reciprocal friction and wear tester. The results revealed that the nylon fibers on the flocking surface alleviate the cutting phenomenon of the textured edges, and the broken fibers form a lubricating film in the contact area between the steel ball and the specimen, which reduces the COF by 18.1 %. The pulsed magnetic field treatment strengthens the oxide layer on the specimen surface, attracts Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles to gather on the surface and form a protective film, and significantly improves the tribological properties of the surface lubricated by the Fe₃O₄ nanofluids, which provides a useful reference for optimizing anti-friction surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147439768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust superlubricity in encapsulated graphene nanoribbons through van der Waals confinement","authors":"Sen Wang, Wengen Ouyang","doi":"10.26599/frict.2026.9441242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2026.9441242","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The frictional behavior of encapsulated graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is pivotal for enabling ultralong growth and ensuring the reliability of nanoelectronic devices, yet it remains elusive due to the buried nature of the interfaces. Using large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that GNRs confined between hexagonal boron nitride (<em>h</em>-BN) layers exhibit friction forces over an order of magnitude lower than those of on-surface counterparts. The kinetic friction force (<em>F</em>_k) scales sublinearly with length (<em>L</em>_GNR) as <em>F</em>_k∝ [In(<em>L</em>_GNR)]³. This robust superlubric state originates from interfacial registry competition with adjacent AA′-stacked <em>h</em>-BN layers, which inhibits coherent strain accumulation and suppresses stick‑slip behavior, thereby promoting collective low‑dissipation sliding. Furthermore, we reveal a negative differential friction coefficient versus confinement pressure as the number of <em>h</em>-BN layers increases, arising from the competition between pressure-induced ripple suppression and the monotonically enhanced <em>h</em>-BN/<em>h</em>-BN interlayer perturbations in thicker stacks. This interplay provides a practical avenue for tuning friction via confinement engineering. These findings elucidate atomistic dissipation pathways at buried van der Waals interfaces and establish encapsulation as a viable route to robust GNR-based nanoelectronics and scalable superlubric systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tribological mechanisms and performance optimization strategies of cemented carbides under extreme service conditions","authors":"Kaipeng Zhang, Pengpeng Bai, Hui Cao, Yonggang Meng","doi":"10.26599/frict.2026.9441243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2026.9441243","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cemented carbides, composed of hard carbide phases and metallic binders, are extensively employed in extreme tribological environments involving high-load dry friction, elevated-temperature cutting, erosive particle flows, cyclic impact, micro-vibration, and corrosive media. In response to increasing performance demands under such complex service conditions, this review systematically evaluates the tribological behaviors and failure mechanisms of cemented carbides under adhesive, abrasive, fatigue-induced, oxidative, erosive, fretting, and corrosion-induced wear conditions. The critical influence of carbide phase type and grain scale, binder chemistry and mean free path, and microstructural configuration on interfacial degradation pathways is clarified, establishing a structure-driven, mechanism-based framework that links microstructural descriptors with damage evolution and dominant wear modes. On this basis, multi-scale strengthening strategies-including compositional design, microstructural refinement, binder phase optimization, grain-scale engineering, PVD/CVD thin films, and surface texturing-are summarized and comparatively assessed with respect to their effectiveness across varied tribological conditions. Finally, emerging trends are discussed, with emphasis on multi-field coupling mechanisms, cross-scale wear modeling, low-Co and environmentally benign binder systems, powder-metallurgy-enabled, and adaptive surface engineering. This review provides theoretical guidance and design strategies for achieving high reliability and long-term service durability of sintered cemented carbides in extreme tribological environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of sliding velocity and temperature on the ductile-to-brittle transition in asperity-level wear: a molecular dynamics study","authors":"S. Z. Wattel, J.-F. Molinari","doi":"10.26599/frict.2025.9441212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2025.9441212","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During sliding contact, asperities may undergo either ductile smoothing or brittle fracture, producing debris. A critical junction scale, d∗, governed by material properties, dictates this transition. Previous studies using Molecu-lar Dynamics (MD) simulations with tunable interatomic potentials revealed this scale under quasi-static conditions—fixed temperature and low sliding velocities. Here, we extend that work to investigate how temperature and sliding velocity influence the ductile-to-brittle transition at the asperity level. Material properties governed by short-range atomic interactions, such as stiff-ness and surface energy, remain relatively constant with temperature. In con-trast, shear strength, influenced by longer-range interactions, decreases with rising temperature, promoting a brittle-to-ductile shift in asperity behavior. Incorporating temperature-dependent shear strength into the d∗ expression successfully predicts the lower bound of the transition. However, capturing the upper bound requires an additional term to account for ductile fracture energy.<br />At higher sliding velocities, a new brittle failure mode emerges: instead of a single crack forming at the asperity base, multiple dynamically propagating cracks develop, resulting in fragmented debris.<br />Finally, long-timescale MD simulations of rough-on-rough contact under adi-abatic conditions reveal how interface heating influences wear during ex-tended sliding. Regardless of velocity, asperities initially fracture and gener-ate debris that aggregates into a single rolling particle. This particle grows steadily until the surrounding material nears its liquefaction temperature, triggering collapse. These simulations reproduce known wear regimes: an early, high-wear running-in phase followed by a steady-state mild wear stage. Notably, tangential work, heat generation, and wear rate depend primarily on total sliding distance rather than velocity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147279337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on DMSO composite modification technology and anticoagulation properties of microtextured vascular stents","authors":"Lina Zhu, Tiannan Duan, Jiaqi Li, Junrong Liang, Yuelan Di, Haidou Wang, Yanwen Xiong","doi":"10.26599/frict.2026.9441240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2026.9441240","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Medically implantable metallic stents serve as a crucial interventional treatment for vascular stenosis; however, in-stent restenosis persists at a rate of&nbsp;15%–30%&nbsp;following implantation, substantially compromising therapeutic outcomes. In this study, a composite surface modification strategy combining U-shaped microtextures and DMSO molecular modification was developed to fabricate novel anticoagulant stents capable of suppressing thrombus regeneration. The TC4 titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) vascular stents containing microtextures on the inner surface were prepared by the whole process of&nbsp;pulsed laser etching, continuous laser welding, and infrared laser engraving. In contrast, the DMSO molecular coating was prepared by the composite chemical modification technique to obtain the modified vascular stents with hydrophobic properties, and the exposure of the&nbsp;two CH₃ groups&nbsp;was the reason for the enhanced hydrophobic properties. The results of flow cytometry tests using&nbsp;FITC-CD41 antibody and PE-CD62P staining&nbsp;showed that the platelet activation rate on the surface of the&nbsp;microtextured&nbsp;composite DMSO-modified stents was significantly reduced, the&nbsp;CD62P expression rate decreased to 7.74%, and the amount of platelet adhesion was reduced considerably. Hemodynamic analysis demonstrated that, compared to smooth stents, the microtextured stent exhibited reduced shear stress oscillation amplitude along the blood flow wall. The low-shear-stress area (&lt;0.5 Pa) measured&nbsp;33.855 mm², a 17.5% reduction, accompanied by effective inhibition of platelet activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147279338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic lubrication enhancement by load-driven edge self-passivation and structural heterogeneity in graphene/MoS₂ coatings","authors":"Shuyu Fan, Shu Xiao, Hu Zhang, Jing Wu, Songsheng Lin, Chao Yang, Fenghua Su, Paul K. Chu, Bengkang Tay","doi":"10.26599/frict.2026.9441235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2026.9441235","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Graphene/MoS₂ heterostructure coatings are promising solid lubricants due to their intrinsic lattice mismatch and weak van der Waals forces between chemically inert atomic layers. However, macroscale lubrication enhancement remains limited due to the competitive effect between in-plane edge interactions and incommensurability. Herein, graphene/MoS₂ heterostructure coatings with controlled heterogeneity are fabricated <em>in situ</em> by magnetron sputtering method. The graphene/MoS₂ heterostructure coating outperform its individual components in friction properties due to the synergistic integration of the chemical stability of graphene and the load-bearing capacity of MoS₂. Experiments and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that increased structural heterogeneity intensifies interfacial edge interactions, initially promoting structural disorder and frictional energy dissipation. Additionally, a load-driven self-passivation mechanism is uncovered to saturate dangling bonds and repair structural defects, consequently forming a robust passivated interface that facilitates smooth and well-ordered shear sliding. As a result of the synergistic interplay between load-driven edge self-passivation and structural heterogeneity, the highly heterogeneous graphene/MoS₂ coating exhibits a 3-fold friction reduction and 12-fold wear reduction under high-load compared to low-load conditions. The results reveal a novel synergistic lubrication mechanism enabled by structural heterogeneity and load-driven interfacial engineering and offer insights into how to transform conventionally undesirable structural disorder into significant lubrication enhancements.</p>","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147279341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of tribo-pairs to mimic blinking in vitro for dry eye disease research","authors":"Yong Chen, Hans J. Kaper, Ed de Jong, Theo van Kooten, Prashant Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.26599/frict.2026.9441241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2026.9441241","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Selecting suitable tribo-pairs is crucial for measuring the tribological properties of the blinking process, especially for dry eye disease research. The tribo-pairs, lubricants, loads, and sliding speeds used in the friction models reported so far vary greatly, which limits the development of artificial tear fomulations, that could be effective in treating the effects of dry eye disease. This study compares tribo-pairs under the same experimental conditions and provides a test model closer to the real physiological blinking environment. This study proposes a to use the porcine eyeball-eyelid tribo-pair as an <em>ex vitro</em> tissue friction model to explore the tribological behavior during blinking. Additionally, the presence of mucin on the eyelids and cornea was detected. The tribo-pair was compared with the eyeball-glass and eyeball-mucin coated glass tribo-pairs in terms of friction coefficient, relief time, and wear. Artificial tribo-pairs such as contact lens-glass or contact lens-mucin coated glass were not included because of their irrelevance to dry eye disease. The results showed that the static friction coefficient of the eyelid/eyeball tribo-pairs was significantly lower than that of the bare glass/eyeball group. In addition, its dynamic friction coefficient was higher than that of the glass/eyeball tribo-pairs, but the friction damage caused was lower than that of the glass/eyeball group. The relief period (RP) of the eyelid/eyeball tribo-pair was significantly higher than that of bare glass and mucin-coated glass, showing stronger hydrophilicity within this system. To conduct relevant dry eye disease (DED) research, it is critical to simulate the natural eyelid-eyeball friction system as realistically as possible. Despite its limitations, the use of the porcine eye as an in vitro model provides a structurally and biomechanically realistic platform to capture the key interactions between the eyelid and the ocular surface. This approach allows for a more accurate assessment of friction, tear film dynamics, and therapeutic interventions in dry eye.</p>","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147279339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}