Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine最新文献

{"title":"A novel model describing blood pressure profiles.","authors":"Sabina Schlottau, Willi Cawello, Stephanie Läer","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1583046","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1583046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Blood pressure follows a circadian rhythm and is influenced by various factors. Blood pressure rises in the morning and decreases at night. It is known that deviations from this pattern are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Therefore, it is important to analyze blood pressure profiles and blood pressure variability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A blood pressure model was developed based on data from cuffless blood pressure measurements of six healthy volunteers over a 14-day period. Exponential formulas were applied for the description of blood pressure curves (systolic and diastolic), which were used for a non-linear regression model in R.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All six subjects showed a circadian pattern in systolic and diastolic blood pressure over a 14-day period. Both the measured values and the predicted values show that each subject's blood pressure was lower at night than during the day. Differences emerged in the level of blood pressure, the fluctuation, and the sleep times, which revealed individual characteristics in the daily blood pressure curves.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This novel blood pressure model can be used to visualize blood pressure profiles for several days and enables the assessment of the intra- and inter-individual variability of blood pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1583046"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Paracentral acute middle maculopathy following carotid artery dissection.","authors":"Muhi Dean Barazi, Yusuf Bade, Malek Zanbrakji, Patrick A Stone, Omar Belal Sabbagh, Mohsin H Ali, Alexander Melamud","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1560482","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1560482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) is a rare, presumed ischemic maculopathy. While primarily associated with retinal vascular pathologies, several case studies have documented PAMM diagnoses following systemic cardiovascular events or interventions. Here, we discuss a case of PAMM development after carotid artery dissection (CAD).</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A woman in her late 30 s presented to the emergency department with transient right-side weakness and amaurosis in her left eye lasting 1-2 h. An initial stroke and embolic workup showed no significant findings. She later presented to the retina clinic with normal visual acuity and intraocular pressure. Dilated fundus examination, intravenous fluorescein angiography, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were unremarkable. Several days later, the patient returned to the emergency department complaining of transient ride-sided paresthesia, transient facial weakness, and dysarthria. A computed tomography angiogram revealed a dissection of the left internal carotid artery. Repeated retinal evaluation revealed a hyperreflective band on SD-OCT, characteristic of PAMM, spanning from the inner plexiform layer to the outer plexiform layer. Subsequent SD-OCT scans showed a resolution of the acute hyperreflective PAMM lesion with corresponding attenuation of the affected inner nuclear layer. Follow-up visits indicated a residual inferior paracentral scotoma in the affected eye.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case illustrates the rare occurrence of PAMM associated with CAD, underscoring the link between systemic vascular events and retinal ischemia, and demonstrating the potential of PAMM as an early indicator of the causative vascular pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1560482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective cross-sectional study of association between triglyceride-glucose index and carotid atherosclerosis.","authors":"Congfang Guo, Mingming Li, Lili Wang, Yuting Bai, Yudong Rong, Minying Zhang, Fenghua Guo, Xiang Guo, Jie Guo, Li Zhang, Yiyan Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1611466","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1611466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a simple surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR), has been associated with cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis. However, its relationship with carotid atherosclerosis (CA), including carotid intima thickening (CMT), plaques, and stenosis, remains inadequately studied in the general population.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the association between the TyG index and CA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 8,600 participants undergoing health checkups and carotid ultrasonography. CA was defined as the presence of CMT, plaques, or stenosis (>50%). The TyG index was calculated using fasting triglycerides and glucose levels. Multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were performed to assess the association between the TyG index and CA. We constructed fitting curves to evaluate the dose-response relationship between the TyG index and CA in different subgroups. All statistical analyses were executed using R Statistical Software and the Free Statistics analysis platform.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TyG index was positively associated with CA (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.08-1.38, <i>P</i> = 0.003), plaques (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.12-1.47, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and stenosis (OR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.86-3.32, <i>P</i> < 0.001), but not with CMT. Subgroup analyses revealed stronger associations in younger individuals (<49 years), males, and those without hypertension, dyslipidemia, or hyperglycemia. A nonlinear relationship between TyG and CA was observed in lean/normal-weight individuals, with a threshold effect at TyG = 8.112. We found that if TyG below 8.112, each unit increasing in TyG reduced CA risk (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.07-0.96, <i>P</i> = 0.043), while above it, the risk increased significantly (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.06-2.57, <i>P</i> = 0.025) in this study. Linear relationships between TyG index and CA were showed in different subgroups stratified by age, gender and different metabolic conditions and overweight/obesity individals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TyG index is a significantly association of CA, particularly in high-risk subgroups. The TyG index shows promise for CA risk stratification. Emphasizing the need for targeted interventions in specific populations ahead of time. The TyG index may complement existing tools, but further prospective validation is needed to assess its incremental value.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1611466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left atrial pressure and significant tricuspid regurgitation in persistent atrial fibrillation.","authors":"Yuewu Lin, Maolin Ye, Yan Qiu, Dawei Lin, Sezhang Ke","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1575750","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1575750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a well-established contributing factor to isolated tricuspid regurgitation (TR), with elevated left atrial pressure (LAP) playing a crucial role in disease progression and patient outcomes. We investigated the relationship between LAP and TR in patients with AF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled individuals diagnosed with AF who underwent LA appendage closure at two centers in China, between January 2015 and December 2023. Participants were classified into two groups based on TR severity: those with moderate-to-severe TR and those with no significant TR groups. Baseline characteristics, imaging findings, and follow-up data were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 189 participants were included, of whom 60 had moderate-to-severe TR. Compared to the no-TR group, the moderate-to-severe TR group was older (74.22 ± 9.71 years vs. 69.37 ± 8.04 years, <i>p</i> < 0.001), had a longer history of persistent AF (7.41 ± 7.18 years vs. 2.08 ± 2.26 years, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and exhibited lower hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. In addition, patients in the moderate-to-significant TR group were more likely to have mitral regurgitation, larger LA diameters, higher LA systolic pressure (LASP), higher LA diastolic pressure, higher mean LA pressure, and pulmonary hypertension (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). Elevated LAP was strongly associated with right heart remodeling and significant TR in patients with persistent AF. Regression analysis identified LASP, mitral regurgitation, and AF duration as independent predictors of significant TR (all <i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early identification of LAP elevation and right heart remodeling may guide targeted interventions to prevent TR progression and improve patient outcomes. Furthermore, the recognition of LASP and AF duration as predictors of TR and LA dysfunction emphasizes the need for thorough clinical assessments in treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1575750"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in acute myocardial infarction years after aortic replacement surgery: a case of severe vascular tortuosity.","authors":"Yuanzhen Su, Gaixia Zhai, Lei Zhang, Hongliang Tian","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1611019","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1611019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study delineates the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for acute myocardial infarction occurring years after stent implantation for Stanford type A aortic dissection. Emergency coronary angiography presented substantial technical challenges attributable to the lack of recent aortic imaging data and marked tortuosity of the brachiocephalic trunk resulting from postoperative anatomical changes. Consequently, while selective left coronary angiography was successfully completed, visualization of the right coronary artery necessitated non-selective contrast administration via a pigtail catheter. This case underscores the pivotal role of preoperative aortic computed tomography angiography (CTA) in hemodynamically stable patients, as it provides essential vascular anatomical information that may circumvent procedural complexities during coronary angiography. Building upon these observations, we advocate an \"aorto-coronary combined assessment\" strategy for post-aortic surgery patients, integrating systematic imaging surveillance to facilitate early identification of coronary lesions. Such an approach permits the timely implementation of intensive medical therapy or elective revascularization, thereby mitigating the risk of acute cardiovascular events.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1611019"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the first-pass pulmonary vein isolation on ablation outcomes in persistent atrial fibrillation.","authors":"Chenxu Luo, Bing Leng, Xinzhi Yu, Xianfeng Du, Huimin Chu, Shenyuan Zhou, Caijie Shen, Mingjun Feng, Yongxing Jiang, He Jin, Guohua Fu, Lipu Yu, Binhao Wang, Yibo Yu, Weidong Zhuo, Fang Gao, Yin Xu, Yijun Sun, Jiating Dai, Luigi Di Biase","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1588716","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1588716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The achievement of first-pass isolation (FPI) during pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) generally serves as a reliable marker of lesion quality in initial radiofrequency encirclement and predicts favorable procedural outcomes. This study sought to evaluate the impact of the FPI on the long-term clinical outcomes in persistent atrial fibrillation (PeAF) patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 346 patients with PeAF who were divided into three groups: patients with FPI in bilateral PVs (BOTH group, <i>n</i> = 197), those with FPI in either ipsilateral PVs (EITHER group, <i>n</i> = 92), and those without FPI in bilateral PVs (NEITHER group, <i>n</i> = 57). Achieving FPI in at least one of the two ipsilateral PVs (at least ipsilateral FPI, IFPI) was utilized as a metric for evaluation. The primary endpoint was freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmias (ATAs) lasting longer than 30s beyond the blanking period. Baseline characteristics, procedural results and long-term clinical outcomes were compared among the groups.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The FPI was effectively achieved in 251 left PVs (72.5%) and 235 right PVs (67.9%). After a median follow-up of 658(402, 970) days, the NEITHER group exhibited less freedom from ATAs recurrence than the BOTH group (57.9% vs. 75.1%, <i>P</i> < 0.001) or the EITHER group (57.9% vs. 70.7%, <i>P</i> = 0.036). IFPI was an independent predictor of freedom from ATAs recurrence in PeAF patients undergoing their initial ablation (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.29-0.74; <i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Achieving FPI for PVI remained a significant association with improved ablation outcomes in PeAF patients, wherein IFPI served as an important determinant.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1588716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, absolute lymphocyte count, and thrombocyte-lymphocyte ratio in predicting the outcomes of tetralogy of fallot primary repair.","authors":"Sisca Natalia Siagian, Christianto Christianto","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1489242","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1489242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is a chronic hypoxic condition that increases the risk of inflammatory responses during surgery. However, many inflammatory biomarkers used to predict surgical outcomes are costly and not widely accessible. This single-center, retrospective observational study aimed to compare the prognostic value of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), and thrombocyte-lymphocyte ratio (TLR) in predicting outcomes of ToF primary repair. Between January 2020 and December 2022, 501 patients underwent ToF primary repair. Our findings revealed low postoperative reoperation (6.5%) and 30-day mortality (4.7%) rates, but prolonged LOS (92.2%) and a high complication rate (84%), with grade IVa (27.9%) and grade I (26.4%) complications being the most common. Elevated NLR (<i>r</i> = 0.132, <i>p</i> = 0.014), female gender (<i>r</i> = 0.117, <i>p</i> = 0.027), associated diagnoses (<i>r</i> = 0.104, <i>p</i> = 0.047), and prolonged surgical duration (<i>r</i> = 0.176, <i>p</i> = 0.001) were linked to higher complication burdens, though the correlations were weak. Among the three indexes, preoperative NLR demonstrated the strongest predictive value for complications, despite its low sensitivity and specificity. Given its accessibility and cost-effectiveness, NLR may serve as a useful tool for identifying high-risk patients and improving postoperative monitoring. Future multicenter prospective studies are necessary to validate the prognostic value of preoperative NLR under standardized conditions, across a broader patient population, and with more comprehensive confounding variables adjustments, ultimately improving ToF surgical outcomes (Clinical Trial NCT05976204).</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1489242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Right ventricular dysfunction improves prediction of atrial fibrillation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a cardiac magnetic resonance study.","authors":"Shengxu Li, Xuanye Bi, Quanxu An, Yuhang Li, Chenyao Li, Deliang Shen","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1587398","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1587398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a critical arrhythmia in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), yet the role of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in AF risk stratification remains underexplored. We aimed to evaluate the association between RV remodeling and incident AF in HCM patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 612 HCM patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) at our institution (2016-2023). Incident AF was identified via electronic medical records or structured telephone interviews. RV function was assessed using CMR-derived parameters, including ejection fraction (RVEF), peak emptying rate (PER), and peak filling rate (PFR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 612 patients (66.1% male), 72 (11.8%) had preexisting AF, and 29 (5.4%) developed new-onset AF over a median follow-up of 3.3 years. Patients with AF (preexisting or new-onset) exhibited older age and impaired RV function at baseline, including reduced RVEF, PER, and PFR (<i>P</i> < 0.05 for all). Multivariable Cox regression identified age, left atrial diameter (LAD), RVEF, and RV-PFR as independent predictors of new-onset AF. Adding RVEF and RV-PFR to a clinical model (age, NYHA class III/IV, LAD) significantly improved risk stratification (NRI: 0.80, <i>P</i> < 0.01; IDI: 0.07, <i>P</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RV dysfunction is prevalent in HCM patients with AF and provides incremental prognostic value for predicting new-onset AF beyond traditional clinical markers. These findings underscore RV functional assessment as a critical tool in AF risk stratification for HCM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1587398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of mind-body exercise in chronic cardiopulmonary dyspnoea patients-a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Yilin Li, Jing Wu, Rong Lei","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1546996","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1546996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this meta-analysis is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of various mind-body exercises in the rehabilitation of individuals with chronic cardiopulmonary dyspnoea.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic review and network meta-analysis was conducted on articles from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge infrastructure which were searched up to November 21, 2024. The methodological quality of the included trials was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. A network meta-analysis was performed to compare the effects of various mind-body therapies, including Liuzijue, Baduanjin, Yoga, Tai Chi, Wuqinxi, Qigong, Yijinjing, and Buddhist walking meditation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 44 randomized controlled trials involving a total of 2,957 subjects. The network meta-analysis indicated that Yoga might be the most effective exercise intervention for reducing the MLHFQ score (SUCRA: 71.8%). Yoga training demonstrated superior results in increasing the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) (SUCRA: 99.7%). Qigong was also identified as the most effective exercise intervention for decreasing St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) (SUCRA: 97.1%). When compared with other treatments, Baduanjin is likely the most appropriate intervention for decreasing COPD Assessment Test (CAT) (SUCRA: 87.1%). Regarding N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), Yoga might be more advantageous for decreasing the NT-proBNP (SUCRA: 83.4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that mind-body exercise may represent a promising intervention for the management of chronic cardiopulmonary dyspnoea. Our findings indicate that Yoga might be the most effective exercise intervention for improving the MLHFQ scores, 6MWD, and NT-proBNP. Qigong is identified as the most effective exercise intervention for decreasing SGRQ. Compared to other treatment methods, Baduanjin may be the most suitable intervention for lowering CAT. This study recommends that patients with chronic cardiopulmonary dyspnoea select appropriate mind-body exercises to achieve effective management of chronic cardiopulmonary dyspnoea.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2024-11-0092/, INPLASY INPLASY2020100052.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1546996"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of <i>ST2</i> downregulation and inflammatory dysregulation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathogenesis.","authors":"Xingyu Cao, Huawei Wang, Zunsong Hu, Wenfang Ma, Peng Ding, Huang Sun, Xiying Guo","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1511415","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1511415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited heart disease and the pathogenesis of HCM involves genetic mutations, hemodynamic stress, and metabolic factors, with myocardial fibrosis playing a crucial role in severe clinical events. IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway known for its roles in immune response and tissue repair, participates in cardiac protection and anti-cardiac fibrosis in heart failure. The role of <i>ST2</i> in HCM remains unclear, and IL-33/ST2 pathway and broader inflammatory responses may be critical in HCM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We re-analyzed RNA sequencing data from 9 high-throughput sequencing datasets comprising myocardial tissue samples from 109 HCM patients and 210 non-HCM controls. Differential gene expression analysis, correlation analyses, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were employed to explore the biological significance of <i>ST2</i>-related genes and the IL-33/ST2 pathway. Immune infiltration was assessed using CIBERSORTx, and protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using the STRING database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis identified 2,660 upregulated and 403 downregulated genes for HCM in the combined dataset, with significant downregulation of the <i>ST2</i> gene (log2 fold change = -5.0, adjusted <i>P</i>-value = 9.2  ×  10^-¹⁴³). This downregulation was consistently observed across multiple individual studies. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between <i>ST2</i> and key inflammatory mediators such as <i>IL6</i> and <i>CD163</i>. GSEA highlighted the enrichment of pathways related to immune response, inflammation, and cardiac morphogenesis, with notable upregulation of pro-inflammatory pathways. Immune infiltration analysis revealed a significant inverse correlation between <i>ST2</i> expression and regulatory T cells (<i>r</i> = -0.34) and a positive correlation with neutrophils (<i>r</i> = 0.39). Pathway analysis indicated <i>ST2</i>'s key role in networks involving inflammatory and fibrotic responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that downregulation of <i>ST2</i> in HCM may be associated with a dysregulated inflammatory gene network, potentially contributing to myocardial fibrosis and remodeling. These results highlight the possible critical role of the IL-33/ST2 pathway in disease progression, offering a potential therapeutic target for managing inflammation and fibrosis in HCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1511415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}