Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Editorial: Diabetes augmentation on vascular disease, volume II.","authors":"Catherine A Reardon, Godfrey S Getz","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1637222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1637222","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1637222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12187836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the prevention of intracerebral hemorrhage among hypertensive patients.","authors":"Qiang Chen, Feng Liu, LingLing Zhang, Yang Jin, Haibin Huang","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1361273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1361273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the prevention of intracerebral hemorrhage among hypertensive patients and medication adherence to hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Third People's Hospital of Nantong City between November 4, 2023 and December 4, 2023. Demographic information, KAP and medication adherence scores were collected using an online questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totally 600 valid questionnaires were analyzed. Among these, 443 participants (73.83%) were female, with a mean age of 62.95 ± 15.07 years. The mean scores for knowledge, attitude, practice, and medication adherence were 13.93 ± 2.88, 32.10 ± 3.22, 25.53 ± 3.44, and 3.12 ± 1.85, respectively. Only 3.50% had high medication compliance to hypertension. Multivariate analyses revealed that uncertain about family history of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage [OR = 0.378, 95%CI: (0.218-0.656); <i>P</i> = 0.001], no smoking [OR = 4.603, 95%CI: (1.954-10.845); <i>P</i> < 0.001], and no alcohol consumption [OR = 3.522, 95%CI: (1.764-7.033); <i>P</i> < 0.001] were independently associated with proactive practice. Structural equation modeling (SEM) results revealed direct effects between knowledge and attitude (<i>β</i> = 0.999, <i>P</i> < 0.001), knowledge and practice (<i>β</i> = 1.103, <i>P</i> < 0.001), as well as attitude and practice (<i>β</i> = 0.452, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypertensive patients demonstrated sufficient knowledge, positive attitudes, and inactive practices towards preventing intracerebral hemorrhage, coupled with poor medication adherence to hypertension. Developing targeted interventions to address these gaps and promoting a holistic approach is crucial to improving overall patient outcomes in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1361273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12187756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemic of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease in China: current trends and future prediction.","authors":"Jianxing Yu, Yuhan Zhang, Qingqing Zhang, Jinyi Wang, Aiqin Gu, Jing Wei, Chuanmeng Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1571146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1571146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) reflects the overall condition of the cardiovascular system. Due to its often asymptomatic nature, PAD is frequently overlooked. We aimed to estimate the disease burden of PAD in China over the past 30 years and to project future trends over the next 25 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of PAD was extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database and subsequently described. Joinpoint regression was used to assess trends from 1990 to 2021, and an age-period-cohort model was constructed to examine the influence of period and cohort effects on incidence and DALYs of PAD. A Bayesian APC model was also applied to forecast trends through 2046.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, the annual number of new PAD cases in China was 2.45 (95% UI: 2.11-2.85) million, of which 1.74 (1.50-2.03) million were female and 0.71 (0.61-0.83) million were male. The number of new cases in 2021 was obviously higher than that in 1990 among females and males. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) exhibited an increasing trend among males, while a decreasing trend was observed among females. Incidence number rose across all age groups, but rates declined in females. Period effects were identified as high-risk factors for PAD incidence and in both sexes, whereas the cohort effects appeared protective. The number of new cases is projected to rise from 2.45 million in 2021 to 4.04 million by 2046, while the ASIR remains stable. Trends in DALYs showed similar patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The burden of PAD in China has increased markedly from 1990 to 2021 and is expected to continue rising over the next 25 years. Efforts to reduce modifiable risk factors-such as smoking and metabolic diseases-and to enhance PAD prevention and management, including the establishment of Pan-Vascular Management Center, are urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1571146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12187828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global scientific trends in hypercholesterolemia research from 2003 to 2023: a data-driven bibliometric and visual analysis.","authors":"Haoxin Guo, Qihui Wang, Yinling Wang, Xiaolong Dong, Zhongqing Wang, Hui Kang, Shitong Cheng","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1524697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1524697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Hypercholesterolemia is a significant causal factor of ischemic heart disease, contributing to half of all cardiovascular fatalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized bibliometric tools to offer a comprehensive overview of the current research trends in hypercholesterolemia. The full records and cited references from 18,641 publications (2003-2023) were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, and bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The United States and Harvard University had the most significant influence among the countries/regions and research institutions, respectively. Among the researchers, Kastelein J.J.P. published the highest number of related articles, whereas publications by Sabatine M.S. had the highest average citation. The top 10 keywords were atherosclerosis, familial hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disease, risk, risk factors, gene expression, coronary heart disease, low-density lipoprotein, statins, and prevalence. These high-frequency keywords were clustered into groups based on the pathogenic mechanisms, disease prevalence and prevention, drugs and treatments, and familial hypercholesterolemia. These clusters denote distinct study fields and current research hotspots for hypercholesterolemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through bibliometric and visual analysis, this study comprehensively assessed global research trends and focal areas within hypercholesterolemia, offering valuable insights into current and future research directions in the field. Further research is needed on the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and cholesterol metabolism and on the advancement of microbiota therapy and precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1524697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12187739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-year follow-up of patients with myocardial injury during acute COVID-19: insights from the CARDIO COVID 20-21 registry.","authors":"Juan Pablo Arango-Ibanez, Brayan Daniel Cordoba-Melo, Mario Miguel Barbosa Rengifo, Jesika Daniela Tobar-Arteaga, Maria Lucia Castro-Trujillo, Cesar José Herrera, Miguel Ángel Quintana Da Silva, Andrés Felipe Buitrago Sandoval, María Lorena Coronel Gilio, Freddy Pow Chon Long, Liliana Cárdenas Aldaz, Andrea Valencia, Carlos Enrique Vesga-Reyes, Juan Esteban Gómez-Mesa","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1584732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1584732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>COVID-19 can cause Myocardial Injury (MI) during acute illness, which has been strongly associated with worse outcomes during hospitalization, however, more research is required on its effects on long-term outcomes, especially in underexplored regions in the literature such as Latin America.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter prospective cohort study follows up with patients with previous severe COVID-19 at a 2-year follow-up encounter. Comprehensive assessments were conducted including demographic data, clinical variables, psychiatric evaluations, and echocardiographic studies. Patients were stratified by the presence or absence of MI during their acute COVID-19 hospitalization. Statistical analyses included logistic regression and univariate comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 210 patients included, 53 (25%) had MI. Patients with MI were older, had a higher prevalence of comorbidities (e.g., hypertension, chronic kidney disease, atrial fibrillation), and were more likely to require intensive care unit admission, invasive mechanical ventilation, and vasopressor or inotropic support during acute COVID-19. Regarding long-term cardiovascular outcomes, no significant differences were observed in <i>de novo</i> cardiovascular disease, venous thromboembolism, or acute cardiovascular events. Patients with MI had greater odds of cardiopulmonary hospitalizations during follow-up (aOR 3.67, 95% CI 1.07-13.07, <i>p</i> = 0.037) after adjusting for age and sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with prior MI during COVID-19 had a higher prevalence of comorbidities, poorer functional status, and increased odds of cardiopulmonary hospitalizations over a two-year follow-up evaluation compared to those without MI. Although prior studies suggest an association between MI and worse long-term outcomes, the evidence remains inconsistent. These findings emphasize the need for ongoing research to clarify how MI contributes to worsened long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1584732"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12187653/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: A dual challenge: navigating cardiac leiomyosarcoma and benign pulmonary mass.","authors":"Song Wu, Qiulin Chen, Yi Yang, Jialiang Liu, Yuankun Li, Shengjun Cheng, Yutian Wu","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1572673","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1572673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leiomyosarcoma is frequently found in the retroperitoneum, mesentery, omentum, uterus, or subcutaneous tissue. However, primary cardiac leiomyosarcoma is rare and even more uncommon is its coexistence with a benign tumor. We report a case involving a 61-year-old female with a right ventricular outflow tract leiomyosarcoma in conjunction with a benign mass located in the main pulmonary artery. Echocardiography revealed a 2.5 × 2.2 cm isoechoic mass in the right ventricular outflow tract and a 3.8 × 1.8 cm irregular isoechoic mass in the main pulmonary artery. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) indicated a patchy filling defect in a similar location. Initially, pulmonary embolism was considered, however, the possibility of tumors could not be excluded. Given the high risk of mass embolization, we proceeded with emergency surgery. A large, irregular, solid mass was found attached to the wall of the main pulmonary artery, fortunately without involvement of the pulmonary valve. Exploration of the right ventricular outflow tract uncovered an additional solid, smooth, well-encapsulated mass. Immunohistochemical analysis of the right ventricular outflow tract mass confirmed the presence of tumor cells that were positive for Desmin and smooth muscle actin (SMA), while negative for S-100 and myoglobin, leading to a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. For the pulmonary mass, Immunohistochemistry revealed the proliferation of fibrous tissue, mucus degeneration, and calcification within the focal area. The imaging characteristics of cardiac leiomyosarcoma combined with benign pulmonary artery tumors may be misinterpreted as thrombosis, however, surgical resection remains a viable treatment option.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1572673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left bundle branch pacing in a 4-year-old patient with complete heart block after correction of transposition of the great arteries via a dual chamber pacing system: a case report.","authors":"Omar Fakhreddine, Patrick Sarkis, Jamil Francis, Bernard Abi-Saleh","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1587957","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1587957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conduction system pacing is a recently developed pacing modality that serves as an alternative approach in maintaining or restoring physiological ventricular activity. Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) has been rarely performed in children due to concerns regarding its safety and feasibility. Here, we report a case of successful LBBP in a 4-year-old patient with complete heart block following repair of transposition of the great arteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1587957"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a new predictive model for in-hospital postoperative major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events after general anesthesia in nonagenarians undergoing non-cardiac surgery.","authors":"Lan Feng, Xuemei Tan, Xiaoxia Duan, Jiang Zheng, Xiaohui Du, Hong Fu, Yu Ma","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1590496","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1590496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) following noncardiac surgery are the main cause of perioperative mortality. However, there are few evidence-based prediction models available for predicting the risk of MACCE. We aimed to analyze the risk factors of MACCE in patients aged 90 and older and to construct a prediction model, ultimately leading to the development of a nomogram.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review study included clinical data from 872 patients aged 90 and older who underwent non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia between 2015 and 2024. The outcome of interest was in-hospital postoperative MACCE. Logistic regression was employed to identify risk factors and to establish a nomogram for predicting the risk of MACCE. Calibration curves, C-index, and decision curves were used to evaluate the predictive model. An external cohort was used to compare the performance between our model and the widely used revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>112 patients (12.84%) experienced in-hospital MACCE. The final model identified four predictors, including emergency surgery, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≥ 11.2, D-dimer ≥ 3.6 mg/L, and postoperative admission to the ICU. The nomogram demonstrated strong discriminative ability with a C statistic of 0.853 and maintained its performance during 10-fold cross-validation with a C statistic of 0.784. Compared to the RCRI score, our predictive model performed better in the validation test (C statistic = 0.853 vs. 0.693).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The predictors including NLR, D-dimer, emergency surgery, postoperative 24-hour ICU admission could better predict MACCE than RCRI score in patients greater than 90 years old undergoing non-cardiac surgery undergoing general anesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1590496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome and its cardiac complication.","authors":"Shengfang Bao, Jiajun Ye, Jiaqi Zhou, Chen Zheng, Yuejuan Xu, Sun Chen","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1582219","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1582219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondrial depletion syndrome (MTDPS) is a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by a significant reduction in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, leading to the impaired mitochondrial function. The pathogenesis of MTDPS includes impaired mtDNA replication, damaged nucleotide metabolism and dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics. Due to its high energy demands, the heart is sensitive to the mitochondrial dysfunction. And the energy deficiency caused by the MTDPS contributes to the development of the mitochondrial cardiomyopathy. In this review, we summarize the cardiac phenotypes in the MTDPS, and the role of the mitochondrial injury in the myocardial damage. In specific, the association of the MTDPS-causing genes and their cardiac phenotypes are detailed. Moreover, the current treatment strategies for MTDPS are summarized. This review aims to integrate the current knowledge on the MTDPS and its cardiac phenotypes in order to provide insights for the further research and the clinic management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1582219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of disease burden in patients with untreated transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy and their caregivers: a <i>post hoc</i> analysis of an international survey.","authors":"Francesco Cappelli, Lucia Ponti, Kristen Hsu, Thibaud Damy, Eduardo Villacorta, Nicolas Verheyen, Denis Keohane, Ronnie Wang, Monica Ines, Nisith Kumar, Carmen Munteanu","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1595797","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcvm.2025.1595797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a progressive condition with debilitating symptoms. The self-reported burden of ATTR-CM on patients and their caregivers was previously evaluated in an international, multicenter, real-world survey study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This <i>post hoc</i> analysis used univariate and multivariate models to evaluate survey items as predictors of ATTR-CM burden. The final multivariate models were optimized using forward selection and CV Press criteria with 8-fold cross-validation to include only the best predictors. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to explore potential moderators of the relationship between patient health status and caregiver burden.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The original survey included 208 patients with ATTR-CM, naïve to disease-modifying treatment, and their unpaid primary caregivers from international amyloidosis centers of excellence in 7 countries between July 2021 and August 2022. Most patients were male (86%), elderly (median age, 81 years), and had untreated wild-type ATTR-CM (91% of 155 with genetic testing). Patients reported fair to good health status overall [Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Overall Summary (KCCQ-OS) median score, 68]. Most (60%) of the 199 patients with a New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification were class II (18% class I; 22% class III). Optimized multivariate models for several measures found symptomatic heart failure (NYHA class II or III), having \"weakness, especially in the legs,\" older age, and female sex, were independent predictors of higher patient-reported burden. The majority of caregivers were female (85%) and the spouse (59%) or adult child (37%) of the patient. The median duration of caregiving was 1.5 years. In the final optimized multivariate model, only the patient's KCCQ-OS score was a significant predictor of caregiver burden. This relationship was not clinically moderated by other patient or caregiver variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our analysis showed that heart failure symptoms, weakness, especially in the legs, older age, and female sex, are independent predictors of higher disease burden in patients with ATTR-CM. A higher caregiver burden was best predicted by poorer health status in the patient, even in the presence of potential moderators. Implementing strategies to reduce the physical symptoms experienced by patients with ATTR-CM may help to reduce their burden, and that experienced by caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1595797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}