Food and Public Health最新文献_第2页

Determination of Additives in Cigarettes Utilizing Evolved Gas Analysis (EGA) 利用逸出气体分析(EGA)测定香烟中的添加剂

Food and Public Health Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.5923/J.FPH.20160602.01

Karissa Ferguson, M. Samide, C. Schmicker, T. Schenk, Anne M. Wilson

引用次数: 1

Food Insecurity, Not Stress is Associated with Three Measures of Obesity in Low-Income, Mexican-American Women in South Texas. 南得克萨斯州低收入墨西哥裔美国妇女肥胖症的三个衡量指标与食物不安全而非压力有关。

Food and Public Health Pub Date : 2016-01-01

Jennifer J Salinas, William Shropshire, Ana Nino, Deborah Parra-Medina

{"title":"Food Insecurity, Not Stress is Associated with Three Measures of Obesity in Low-Income, Mexican-American Women in South Texas.","authors":"Jennifer J Salinas, William Shropshire, Ana Nino, Deborah Parra-Medina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the relationship between obesity, food insecurity and perceived stress in very low income Mexican American women.Design: Cross-sectional baseline data analysis of a randomized clinical trial.Setting: Texas-Mexico border region of South Texas.Subjects: Very Low Income Mexican American Women.Results: The relationship between obesity and food insecurity in a sample of very low income Hispanic women living in South Texas depends on the measure of obesity and the dimension of food insecurity. The only measure of food insecurity associated with all measures of obesity was often not having enough money to afford to eat balanced meals. Waist circumference was associated with the most dimensions of food insecurity, while BMI had the least associations. Finally, perceived stress was not significantly associated with BMI, waist circumference or percent body fat when adjusted for other covariates.Conclusions: We have found a strong and significant relationship between food insecurity related to having enough resources to eat a balanced diet and BMI, waist circumference, and percent body fat in low-income Mexican American women. While behavioural change is an important strategy for reducing obesity, consideration may need to be made as to how food access with high nutritional value, may be in and of itself a contributing factor in obesity in low income populations.","PeriodicalId":12412,"journal":{"name":"Food and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5891147/pdf/nihms867027.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35999557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trends for the Application of Passion Fruit Industrial By-Products: A Review on the Chemical Composition and Extraction Techniques of Phytochemicals 百香果工业副产物的应用趋势——植物化学成分及提取技术综述

Food and Public Health Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.5923/J.FPH.20150505.03

J. Viganó, Julian Martínez

引用次数: 22

Relationship between Common Dietary Polyphenols and Obesity-Induced Inflammation 常见膳食多酚与肥胖诱导炎症的关系

Food and Public Health Pub Date : 2015-06-01 DOI: 10.5923/J.FPH.20150503.04

Lada Tucakovic, N. Colson, I. Singh

{"title":"Relationship between Common Dietary Polyphenols and Obesity-Induced Inflammation","authors":"Lada Tucakovic, N. Colson, I. Singh","doi":"10.5923/J.FPH.20150503.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.FPH.20150503.04","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of obesity and its related metabolic disorders has escalated dramatically in the past decades worldwide. Defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation caused by an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, obesity is presently the major health challenge in developed countries and the causative factor of numerous diseases such as heart problems, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes. Presence of high level of cytokines and acute phase proteins associated with inflammation in obese individuals relates obesity to chronic low-grade inflammation. Obesity-induced inflammation has an impact on insulin resistance and cardiac health. Polyphenols including catechins, tocopherols, resveratrol, curcumin and anthocyanins have been shown to reduce adipose tissue inflammation. It has been broadly accepted that adipocyte dysfunction plays a major role in development of obesity and obesity related complications. This state is characterised by hypersecretion of pro-atherogenic, pro-inflammatory and pro-diabetic adipokines as well as decreased secretion of adiponectin. The dietary polyphenols described in this review have potential as nutritional strategies for the prevention of obesity and associated inflammation as well as increase in insulin sensitivity in diabetic people.","PeriodicalId":12412,"journal":{"name":"Food and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79752338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis of Annatto Extracts Obtained Using Supercritical Fluid 超临界流体制备红木提取物的薄层色谱分析

Food and Public Health Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5923/j.fph.20150504.05

C. L. Albuquerque, Á. L. Santana, M. Angela, A. Meireles

引用次数: 9

Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass for Hydrogen Production: Variable of the Process 生物质超临界水气化制氢:过程变量

Food and Public Health Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5923/j.fph.20150503.05

D. Lachos‐Perez, J. M. Prado, P. C. Torres-Mayanga, T. Forster‐Carneiro, M. Meireles

{"title":"Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass for Hydrogen Production: Variable of the Process","authors":"D. Lachos‐Perez, J. M. Prado, P. C. Torres-Mayanga, T. Forster‐Carneiro, M. Meireles","doi":"10.5923/j.fph.20150503.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/j.fph.20150503.05","url":null,"abstract":"Waste biomass has various origins, such as agricultural crops, food waste, animal waste, municipal solid waste, and has the potential to be converted into energy and applied in biorefineries, thus contributing with lignocellulosic material. The emerging technology \"Supercritical Water Gasification\" has a great potential for recycling biomass for the production of synthesis gas with a higher percentage of hydrogen. The supercritical water gasification (SCWG) does not require drying; thus, the problem of drying is largely avoided by the SCWG and can be used for biomass with high percentage of humidity. The conversion efficiency of the SCWG is generally higher when compared with conventional technologies. This paper reviews known and emerging key supercritical water properties that influence the SCWG of biomass (viscosity, density, dielectric constant and ionic product), the advantages of the SCWG with respect to conventional gasification, the economic viability of the process, and the kinetics of the biomass in the process, this review describes the factors that influence the process (temperature, pressure, residence time, concentration, effect of the catalyst, effect of the reactor geometry, reactor design, heating rate of the biomass particle and type of biomass). Finally, this article concludes that the technology \"supercritical water gasification\" has great potential for a cleaner biogas production, with a high percentage of hydrogen, by different types of biomass, thus reducing the pollution and CO2 emissions.","PeriodicalId":12412,"journal":{"name":"Food and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84161023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Novel extraction method to produce active solutions from plant materials. 从植物原料中提取活性溶液的新方法。

Food and Public Health Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5923/j.fph.20150502.02

R. A. C. Torres, D. Santos, M. Meireles

{"title":"Novel extraction method to produce active solutions from plant materials.","authors":"R. A. C. Torres, D. Santos, M. Meireles","doi":"10.5923/j.fph.20150502.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/j.fph.20150502.02","url":null,"abstract":"A novel selective extraction method to produce active solutions with from plant materials was developed. Named by our research group as High Turbulence Extraction Assisted by Ultrasound (HTEAU) the feasibility of this process was demonstrated using semi-defatted annatto seeds (Bixa orellana L.) as a model plant material and ethanol as extracting solvent. HTEAU process combines the use of two types of commercial equipments and technologies. The first is Ultra-turrax ® rotor-stator technology, which produces high turbulence in the plant material bed by high extracting solvent circulation flow rate (until 2000 cm 3 /min) and the second is ultrasound technology, which is recognized to improve the extraction rate by the increasing the mass transfer and possible rupture of cell wall due the formation of microcavities. These equipments were coupled and put into operation at its maximum power of operability and the values for these parameters were determined through simultaneous optimization of oils, phenols, bixin recoveries. The effects of extraction method and solvent mass to feed mass ratio (S/F) on oils, phenols, bixin recoveries were evaluated by analyses of variance (ANOVA), demonstrating that the coupling of ultrasound probe into the Ultra-turrax ® equipment statistically promotes the selective extraction of total phenols and bixin.","PeriodicalId":12412,"journal":{"name":"Food and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83355957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Study of an Extraction Process as the Pretreatment Step for Sugar Production from Acid Hydrolysis 酸水解制糖的提取预处理工艺研究

Food and Public Health Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5923/j.fph.20150502.03

Sylvia Alcázar-Alay, Fiorella P. Cárdenas-Toro, D. Santos, M. Meireles

{"title":"Study of an Extraction Process as the Pretreatment Step for Sugar Production from Acid Hydrolysis","authors":"Sylvia Alcázar-Alay, Fiorella P. Cárdenas-Toro, D. Santos, M. Meireles","doi":"10.5923/j.fph.20150502.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/j.fph.20150502.03","url":null,"abstract":"This work involves the residues of three plant species used in industry: Brazilian ginseng (Pfaffia glomerata), palm (Elaeis guineensis) and annatto (Bixa orellana L.). The studied plant residues come from oil and biocompounds extraction: Soxhlet extraction (SE), Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The effects of these extraction processes on the structures of plant matrices were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Plant residues were subjected to acid hydrolysis. The hydrolysis process was conducted using a 0.5 L reactor at atmospheric pressure and the solvent at boiling temperature. Brazilian ginseng was hydrolyzed in hydrochloric acid solution (0.5, 2.5 and 5.0%, v/v) for 60 min. Palm pressed fiber and annatto were hydrolyzed in sulfuric acid solution (1.5 and 3.0%, v/v) for 90 min. Sugars produced by the hydrolysis were quantified and interpreted as Reducing sugars (RS) (g glucose/100 g raw material) and Total reducing sugars (TRS) (g sucrose/100 g raw material) by a spectrophotometric method. The results observed by SEM showed that the extraction treatments modified the vegetable matrix with respect to its structure and component ratio. The acid hydrolysis process of each vegetable matrix showed different reaction kinetics. The availability and source of the sugar polymers and the acid concentration were variables that affected the hydrolysis reaction.","PeriodicalId":12412,"journal":{"name":"Food and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72752375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Effect of the Flavonol Quercetin on Human Platelet Function: A Review 黄酮醇槲皮素对人血小板功能影响的研究进展

Food and Public Health Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.5923/J.FPH.20150501.01

S. Mosawy

引用次数: 8

Obtaining oligo- and monosaccharides from agroindustrial and agricultural residues using hydrothermal treatments. 利用水热法从农业、工业和农业残留物中提取寡糖和单糖。

Food and Public Health Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.5923/j.fph.20140403.08

Fiorella P. Cárdenas-Toro, Sylvia Alcázar-Alay, T. Forster‐Carneiro, M. Meireles

{"title":"Obtaining oligo- and monosaccharides from agroindustrial and agricultural residues using hydrothermal treatments.","authors":"Fiorella P. Cárdenas-Toro, Sylvia Alcázar-Alay, T. Forster‐Carneiro, M. Meireles","doi":"10.5923/j.fph.20140403.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/j.fph.20140403.08","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural and agroindustrial residues are major sources of cellulose, hemicellulose, and starch that can be converted into bioactive compounds, such as oligosaccharides and monosaccharides, using various chemical and biological methods. These bioactive compounds can be used as raw materials by food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, as well as in the production of intermediate products and the development of biomaterials by chemical industries. In Brazil, the major industrial residues, which are corn residues, soybean residues, sugarcane bagasse, palm and coconut fibers, and grape and tomato seeds, among others, are produced at a rate of approximately of 600 million tons per year. Thus, the utilization of these residues using sustainable technology is of great interest. Hydrothermal treatment is a green technology that includes autohydrolysis as well as subcritical and supercritical hydrolysis, in which water is used at high pressures and temperatures to recover polysaccharides from complex vegetal matrices. The hydrolytic mechanisms can be improved by changing the ionic product or the polarity and electrical conductivity of water in subcritical and supercritical states. These properties promote the selective dissolution of the starch, hemicellulose and cellulose in the residues. The conversion of starch and hemicellulose into oligosaccharides and monosaccharides is preferentially performed at temperatures of less than 200°C. In contrast, the conversion of cellulose into oligosaccharides is promoted at temperatures greater than 200°C, with the highest amount oligosaccharide formation occurring at close to the critical point. In this article, the main biomass components, the properties of water under subcritical and supercritical conditions, and the latest studies of polysaccharide conversion in biomasses using hydrothermal treatments are reviewed.","PeriodicalId":12412,"journal":{"name":"Food and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80229578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 34