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PERAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL DALAM MENEKAN PENGARUH EMISI SEKTOR PENERBANGAN TERHADAP LAJU PERUBAHAN IKLIM 国际法在遏制航空部门排放对气候变化的影响方面所起的作用
BELLI AC PACIS Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.20961/belli.v7i2.59997
Leony Marcha Rotua Cahaya Pardede
{"title":"PERAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL DALAM MENEKAN PENGARUH EMISI SEKTOR PENERBANGAN TERHADAP LAJU PERUBAHAN IKLIM","authors":"Leony Marcha Rotua Cahaya Pardede","doi":"10.20961/belli.v7i2.59997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/belli.v7i2.59997","url":null,"abstract":"Aviation emission as a factor in increasing and distribution of Greenhouse Gasses emission is a contributor to climate change and are expected to increase from 3% to 15% in 2050 if no international standard precautions are applied. Therefore, there is a need for regulations to be put in place to control aviation emissions. This legal research aims to describe the role of international law in efforts to reduce emission from aviation sector, as well as the enforcement imposed on countries to control emissions. Using a legal approach, the author examines how the Chicago Convention, the Kyoto Protocol, and the Paris Agreement regulate aviation emissions. The results of this study indicate that aviation emission are regulated in two international regimes, namely the International Civil Aviation regime and the Climate Change Regime, but with the enactment of these two regimes, there is still an increase in aviation emissions from countries by the year 2019. Therefore, a new and more structured steps are needed to reduce emissions from the aviation sector.","PeriodicalId":124002,"journal":{"name":"BELLI AC PACIS","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129986275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PRAKTIK HAK KEKEBALAN DIPLOMATIK PEJABAT SENIOR NEGARA TERHADAP PELANGGARAN BERAT HAM MENURUT YURISPRUDENSI PENGADILAN INTERNASIONAL 根据国际法院的法例，该州高级官员对严重侵犯人权的做法
BELLI AC PACIS Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.20961/belli.v7i1.59989
N. Salsabila
{"title":"PRAKTIK HAK KEKEBALAN DIPLOMATIK PEJABAT SENIOR NEGARA TERHADAP PELANGGARAN BERAT HAM MENURUT YURISPRUDENSI PENGADILAN INTERNASIONAL","authors":"N. Salsabila","doi":"10.20961/belli.v7i1.59989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/belli.v7i1.59989","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the extend to the applicability of diplomatic immunity rights for senior officials against gross human rights violations they have committed. Toa achieve such aim, the author analysed the different types of immunity granted by international law to state officials, the reasons for the conferment of this immunity, and whether they apply in cases in which it is alleged that an official has committed an international crime. By using a statutory and case approach, the author examines several cases heard before international courts to compare the implementation of immunity rights. The author argues that both immunity ratione materiae and immunity ratione personae cannot be applied to cases that constitute gross violations of human rights. Moreover, instead did not agree with the argument which have been put forward by scholars and ICJ in support of the contrary.","PeriodicalId":124002,"journal":{"name":"BELLI AC PACIS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114692138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
YURISDIKSI INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT (ICC) DALAM PENEGAKAN PELANGGARAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA BERAT OLEH OMAR HASSAN AL-BASHIR DI DARFUR, SUDAN
BELLI AC PACIS Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.20961/belli.v7i2.59993
Mega Oktaviana
{"title":"YURISDIKSI INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT (ICC) DALAM PENEGAKAN PELANGGARAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA BERAT OLEH OMAR HASSAN AL-BASHIR DI DARFUR, SUDAN","authors":"Mega Oktaviana","doi":"10.20961/belli.v7i2.59993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/belli.v7i2.59993","url":null,"abstract":"The ICC is independent court that prosecutes serious crimes under article 5 Rome Statue and has jurisdiction of the State Parties. Omar Al-Bashir is alleged of comitting human rights violations in Sudan’s Darfur. However, the problem is that Sudan is not a state party of Rome Statue 1998. The purpose of this research is to find out does the ICC has jurisdiction to investigate and adjudicate human rights violations by Omar Al-Bashir in Darfur, Sudan. This research is prescriptive normative legal research. Type Legal materials include primary and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials used is literature study and through research instrument. The results showed that the ICC as an international judicial institution has jurisdiction to investigate and adjudicate human rights violations by Omar Al-Bashir that occurred in Darfur, Sudan. However, Omar Al-Bashir’s status as head of state with immunity, the weak authority of the ICC in carrying out the arrest of Omar Hassan Al-Bashir, and the lack of cooperation between Sudan and state parties in carrying out the arrest of Omar Hassan Al-Bashir hampered the judicial process. The ICC has conducted an investigation, issued a warrant for arrest of Omar Hassan Al-Bashir and cooperated with Sudan so that Sudan agreed to hand Omar Hassan Al-Bashir over to the ICC for trial. The jurisdiction ICC to prosecute Omar Al-Bashir shows that perpetrators of serious human rights violations can still be tried wherever he is regardless their impunity. In addition, international cooperation is necessary in investigation and prosecution of crimes for the smooth of the judicial process.","PeriodicalId":124002,"journal":{"name":"BELLI AC PACIS","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115551185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PRINSIP CAVEAT VENDITOR DAN CAVEAT EMPTOR DALAM SENGKETA KETIDAKSESUAIAN BARANG DALAM KONTRAK JUAL BELI INTERNASIONAL “买方承兑原则”和“买方原则”在“买方”问题上存在分歧
BELLI AC PACIS Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.20961/belli.v7i1.59984
Dini Kartika Salsabila
{"title":"PRINSIP CAVEAT VENDITOR DAN CAVEAT EMPTOR DALAM SENGKETA KETIDAKSESUAIAN BARANG DALAM KONTRAK JUAL BELI INTERNASIONAL","authors":"Dini Kartika Salsabila","doi":"10.20961/belli.v7i1.59984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/belli.v7i1.59984","url":null,"abstract":"In national and international trade it is common to encounter trade disputes, one of the disputes is the non-conformity of the traded goods. This can occur due to various factors originating from both the seller and the buyer. Hence, trade contracts must be made explicitly regarding the rights and obligations of the parties as well as clear arrangements for liability of parties that can facilitate the parties in the event of a dispute in the future and brought into the realm of international arbitration then it can be resolved by the guidance of Article 35 of the CISG. This article will be discussed in detail about the provisions of the conformity specifications of goods that are regulated internationally in Article 35 of the CISG and pay attention to the principle of caveat venditor and caveat emptor as supporting rules for Article 35 of the CISG.","PeriodicalId":124002,"journal":{"name":"BELLI AC PACIS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133766025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PENGGUNAAN PRINSIP INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY DALAM PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN HEWAN DI TEMPAT WISATA DARI KEKEJAMAN 利用国际平等原则在保护动物福利的法律保护中，使其免受虐待
BELLI AC PACIS Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.20961/belli.v7i1.59986
Johana Ake Christianti
{"title":"PENGGUNAAN PRINSIP INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY DALAM PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN HEWAN DI TEMPAT WISATA DARI KEKEJAMAN","authors":"Johana Ake Christianti","doi":"10.20961/belli.v7i1.59986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/belli.v7i1.59986","url":null,"abstract":"Good animal welfare occurs when the health, nutrition, behavior, environmental and psychological needs of animals are met. However, the captivity of wild animals by tourist attractions is often not able to meet the needs of these animals. In addition, the exhibition and training of wildlife by tourist sites is carried out through a process that results in unnecessary suffering. This legal research aims to analyze the legal protection of animal welfare from cruelty in tourist attractions based on the principle of Intergenerational Equity and to analyze the application of these principles in tourist attractions to the national laws of several countries (Indonesia and United Kingdom) in protecting animal welfare from cruelty. The results of this legal research show that: First, protection under existing international agreements has not been able to protect animal welfare from cruelty to the maximum, while the pure use of the principle of Intergenerational Equity cannot be the only source of international law to protectanimal welfare, especially in places travel. Second, Indonesian national law applies this principle more to animal welfare laws than national law of the United Kingdom does.","PeriodicalId":124002,"journal":{"name":"BELLI AC PACIS","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128724179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PENERAPAN FORESEEABILITY OF HARM DAN PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE DALAM PENGATURAN SAMPAH PLASTIK SEBAGAI LAND-BASED SOURCE 日本危害的可预见性丹预防原则达拉姆彭aturan sampah塑料sebagai陆基来源
BELLI AC PACIS Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.20961/belli.v7i2.59992
Adori Raka Susanto
{"title":"PENERAPAN FORESEEABILITY OF HARM DAN PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE DALAM PENGATURAN SAMPAH PLASTIK SEBAGAI LAND-BASED SOURCE","authors":"Adori Raka Susanto","doi":"10.20961/belli.v7i2.59992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/belli.v7i2.59992","url":null,"abstract":"Marine pollution caused by plastic waste is regarded as a land-based sources type of marine pollution. The current regulation of land-based sources pollution, especially plastic waste is still too general and not effective. This legal research aims to analyze the existing international regulations regarding land-based pollution and how to implement the foreseeability of harm and precautionary approach principles for specific international arrangements regarding plastic waste pollution in the future. This article concludes that the application of the principle is important to ensure the effectiveness of the regulation regarding plastic waste, since the nature of the principle is to prevent.","PeriodicalId":124002,"journal":{"name":"BELLI AC PACIS","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121561850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PENJATUHAN SANKSI UNI EROPA ATAS TINDAKAN ANEKSASI RUSIA DI KRIMEA, UKRAINA 欧洲联盟对俄罗斯在乌克兰克里米亚的旗下行为的制裁
BELLI AC PACIS Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.20961/belli.v7i1.59987
Ruth Intan Permata Sari
{"title":"PENJATUHAN SANKSI UNI EROPA ATAS TINDAKAN ANEKSASI RUSIA DI KRIMEA, UKRAINA","authors":"Ruth Intan Permata Sari","doi":"10.20961/belli.v7i1.59987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/belli.v7i1.59987","url":null,"abstract":"This study raises the issue of the legality of the imposition of European Union sanctions for Russia’s annexation of Crimea, Ukraine based on international law and the forms of imposing these sanctions. The method used in this research is normative legal research and is prescriptive. The types and sources of research data used are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials collected by using library research legal materials collection techniques. The data analysis technique used is a deductive mindset technique. This research results that the legality of EU sanctions is Council Decision 2014/512/CFSP and Council Regulation (EU) No. 833/2014 with provisions for imposing sanctions based on the European Union Agreement adopted within the framework of the Common Foreign Security and Policy (CFSP). The form of sanctions imposed are; (1) Arms embargo; (2) Export of dual-use goods; (3) Financial sanctions; (4) Prohibition of fulfilling claims; (5) Restrictions on services and other items.","PeriodicalId":124002,"journal":{"name":"BELLI AC PACIS","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129198617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PENGAMANAN KAPAL PERANG DAN COAST GUARD CHINA ATAS AKTIVITAS ILLEGAL FISHING NELAYAN CHINA DI LAUT CHINA SELATAN DITINJAU DARI UNCLOS 1982 DAN PRINSIP NON-INTERVENSI 1982年UNCLOS的《不干涉原则》和《中国南部海域非法捕鱼中国渔民的安全船只和海岸警卫队》
BELLI AC PACIS Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.20961/belli.v7i2.59998
Fauzan Rahmat Ananda
{"title":"PENGAMANAN KAPAL PERANG DAN COAST GUARD CHINA ATAS AKTIVITAS ILLEGAL FISHING NELAYAN CHINA DI LAUT CHINA SELATAN DITINJAU DARI UNCLOS 1982 DAN PRINSIP NON-INTERVENSI","authors":"Fauzan Rahmat Ananda","doi":"10.20961/belli.v7i2.59998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/belli.v7i2.59998","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to determine the security of China’s warship and coast guard on illegal fishing activities of China fisherman in South China Sea reviewed from UNCLOS 1982 and principle nonintervention, with the background of various illegal fishing incidents in the South China Sea which are often protected by Chinese warships and coast guard. This research was normative legal with case approach and statute approach. The data used secondary data. The characteristic used prescriptive legal research. The techniques in the gathering of legal materials in this research was library research. This research uses deduction methods of analysis techniques, namely stemming from the rule of law and legal facts and then drawn into conclusions. From this research showed that the security of China’s warship and coast guard on illegal fishing activities of their fisherman is an act that is contrary to international law, as reviewed from UNCLOS 1982 and principle non-intervention.","PeriodicalId":124002,"journal":{"name":"BELLI AC PACIS","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122977157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
KOMITMEN UNI EROPA DALAM PEMENUHAN PRINSIP NON-REFOULEMENT TERHADAP NEGARA-NEGARA ANGGOTA (Studi Kasus Krisis Pengungsi di Yunani Pascakebakaran Kamp Moria) 欧盟对会员国的不改革原则的承诺(希腊难民危机研究后摩利亚难民营)
BELLI AC PACIS Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.20961/belli.v7i2.59996
Sharleen Dessyhana Chrisella
{"title":"KOMITMEN UNI EROPA DALAM PEMENUHAN PRINSIP NON-REFOULEMENT TERHADAP NEGARA-NEGARA ANGGOTA (Studi Kasus Krisis Pengungsi di Yunani Pascakebakaran Kamp Moria)","authors":"Sharleen Dessyhana Chrisella","doi":"10.20961/belli.v7i2.59996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/belli.v7i2.59996","url":null,"abstract":"One of the countries in Europe with the biggest refugee crisis is Greece and triggers the emergence of refoulement. The non-refoulement principle is an absolute form protection for a refugee and must be obeyed by all ratifying countries. On that basis, Greece needs an additional assistance from the European Union as a regional organization that houses most European countries. This study aims to explain the commitment of the European Union in fulfilling the principle of non-refoulement to the refugee crisis in Greece, especially after the fire incident at Camp Moria. This research is a normative legal research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The sources of legal materials used are based on 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees also the non-refoulement principle. The technique of collecting legal materials used is library research and analyzed through inductive analysis techniques. The results showed that the condition of the refugee crisis in Greece especially after the fire at Camp Moria was so alarming where the refugees are in danger of being refoulemented. In dealing with the refugee crisis that occurred in Greece, the European Union has tried to issue policies and decisions but the policies have not been implemented optimally.","PeriodicalId":124002,"journal":{"name":"BELLI AC PACIS","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125323714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
KEPATUHAN HUKUM REPUBLIK DEMOKRATIK KONGO TERHADAP CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (CITES) ATAS PERLINDUNGAN POHON TROPIS AFRORMOSIA
BELLI AC PACIS Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.20961/belli.v7i1.59988
M. Salsabila
{"title":"KEPATUHAN HUKUM REPUBLIK DEMOKRATIK KONGO TERHADAP CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (CITES) ATAS PERLINDUNGAN POHON TROPIS AFRORMOSIA","authors":"M. Salsabila","doi":"10.20961/belli.v7i1.59988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/belli.v7i1.59988","url":null,"abstract":"Trees are forest products whose number continues to decrease over time due to fulfilling human needs to sustain their lives. Continuous deforestation can threaten and destabilize ecosystems on earth, which leads to international environmental issues that have yet to be resolved. The purpose of this legal research was to determine the legal compliance of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) towards regulations by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) for the protection of the tropical Afromosia tree and the steps that the DRC should undertake in maintaining the existence of the Afromosia tree which is now endangered from extinction. This study is normative legal research with a statute and case approach and analyzed through inductive analysis techniques. Make use of indicators from the international legal compliance theory by Andrew T. Guzman, namely the model of rational and self-interested states theory, the results of the study show that the DRC has a low level of legal compliance with the provisions of the CITES convention related to the protection of Afrormosia trees.","PeriodicalId":124002,"journal":{"name":"BELLI AC PACIS","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124721318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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