Liska Robb, Gina Joubert, Elizabeth Margaretha Jordaan, Jennifer Ngounda, Louise van den Berg, Corinna May Walsh
{"title":"Development and Validation of the South African Diet Quality Index for Pregnancy.","authors":"Liska Robb, Gina Joubert, Elizabeth Margaretha Jordaan, Jennifer Ngounda, Louise van den Berg, Corinna May Walsh","doi":"10.1177/03795721241298377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03795721241298377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diet quality indexes (DQIs) consist of combinations of foods and/or nutrient components that represent adherence to dietary guidelines. A high-quality diet during pregnancy contributes to optimal birth outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We developed and validated the first DQI for pregnancy for South African women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The South African Food Based Dietary Guidelines and pregnancy dietary guidelines were used as theoretical basis for the <i>a priori</i> development of the South African Diet Quality Index for Pregnancy (SA-DQI-P). To validate the SA-DQI-P, we applied it to data collected for the Nutritional status of Expectant Mothers and their newborn Infants (NuEMI) study (<i>N</i> = 682). We determined the associations between SA-DQI-P scores in tertiles with nutrient intakes, sociodemographic factors, household food security level, and biochemical values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A lower household density ratio, household access to a toilet, refrigerator, and microwave, a higher educational level, being employed and being food secure were significantly associated with a higher score. After correcting for energy intake, higher scores were significantly associated with higher intakes of protein, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, calcium, vitamin A, vitamin E, folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin C. Significantly more participants who were vitamin A deficient scored in the lowest tertile than those in higher tertiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SA-DQI-P is the first DQI developed for a South African population and has proven to be valid in ranking diet quality in pregnant women in our sample. Information regarding diet quality of this vulnerable group can assist with planning nutrition intervention programs to improve nutritional status.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3795721241298377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manon Gerber, Daniëlle M Bon, Bounthanom Bouahom, Jacqueline E W Broerse, Dirk Essink
{"title":"Do We Contribute to Women's Empowerment? Insights From a Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture Project Implemented in Nong, Laos.","authors":"Manon Gerber, Daniëlle M Bon, Bounthanom Bouahom, Jacqueline E W Broerse, Dirk Essink","doi":"10.1177/03795721241293547","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721241293547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The gender-gap in power is still persistent around the globe. Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture (NSA) interventions have been implemented to increase women's empowerment as a goal in itself, and as a pathway to food and nutrition security (FNS). However, contradicting evidence exists on whether the interventions, besides food security, realize women's empowerment. Furthermore, the concept of women's empowerment has different meanings across different cultures, regions, and countries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the understanding of, and perspectives on, women's empowerment among different stakeholders in the context of an NSA project in Laos, and to assess whether this project contributes to women's empowerment and FNS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semistructured interviews were conducted with local implementers of NSA interventions (n = 13) and senior program managers and advisors (n = 5). Six focus group discussions were conducted with community members (n = 46).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings reveal that community members had a materialistic understanding and local implementers an instrumental understanding, in contrast to senior program managers and advisors, who had an egalitarian understanding of women's empowerment. The level of women's empowerment in Nong was considered low by all respondents. Furthermore, respondents reported that the NSA interventions had a positive impact on FNS, but not on women's empowerment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a community in which both women's empowerment and FNS are low, working with women may contribute to FNS, but not necessarily contribute to women's empowerment. Nevertheless, from an emic perspective, women do feel more empowered as the interventions contributed to increased household capacity to address FNS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3795721241293547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Georgina Gómez, Rafael Monge-Rojas, Rulamán Vargas-Quesada, Agatha Nogueira Previdelli, Dayana Quesada, Irina Kovalskys, Marianella Herrera-Cuenca, Lilia Yadira Cortes, Martha Cecilia Yépez García, Reyna Liria-Domínguez, Attilio Rigotti, Regina Mara Fisberg, Gerson Ferrari, Mauro Fisberg, Juan C Brenes
{"title":"Exploring the FAO Minimum Dietary Diversity Indicator as a Suitable Proxy of Micronutrient Adequacy in Men and Women Across Reproductive and Non-reproductive Ages in 8 Latin American Countries.","authors":"Georgina Gómez, Rafael Monge-Rojas, Rulamán Vargas-Quesada, Agatha Nogueira Previdelli, Dayana Quesada, Irina Kovalskys, Marianella Herrera-Cuenca, Lilia Yadira Cortes, Martha Cecilia Yépez García, Reyna Liria-Domínguez, Attilio Rigotti, Regina Mara Fisberg, Gerson Ferrari, Mauro Fisberg, Juan C Brenes","doi":"10.1177/03795721241242920","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721241242920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women's Dietary Diversity Score (WDDS) is an indicator of dietary diversity, a key component of diet quality in women of reproductive age (WRA). Limited information is available regarding its applicability in other population groups.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the ability of the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) of 5-food groups cutoff to predict micronutrient adequacy in men and women 15 to 65 years old from 8 Latin American countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a 24-hour recall from 9216 participants in the Latin American Study on Nutrition and Health (ELANS) to determine Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) based on the consumption of 10 food groups. The Mean Probability of Adequacy (MPA) was associated with DDS for the overall sample, for men, WRA, and women of nonreproductive age (WNRA). Sensitivity and specificity analyses were performed to determine if the 5-food groups cutoff point for MDD can be used to correctly identify men, WRA, and WNRA with adequate micronutrient adequacy (MPA ≥ 0.70).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a mean DDS of 4.78 ± 1.33 and an MPA of 0.64 ± 0.16, with 59% of participants showing a diverse diet (DDS ≥ 5). The 5-food groups-cutoff point showed a better balance between sensitivity and specificity predicting an MPA ≥0.70 in men, WRA, and WNRA. MPA was significantly associated with DDS in WRA and for men and WNRA, as well.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 5-food group MDD, originally intended to be used in WRA, performed equally well in predicting MPA ≥0.70 in men, WRA, and WNRA, and can be used as a proxy of micronutrient adequacy in Latin American population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"S55-S65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction and Executive Summary for the Supplement Micronutrients in Latin America: Current State and Research.","authors":"María J Soto-Méndez, Erick Boy","doi":"10.1177/03795721241254610","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721241254610","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"S4-S6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141418525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perspective on Emerging Micronutrient Deficiencies in Latin America and the Caribbean.","authors":"Noel W Solomons","doi":"10.1177/03795721241257008","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721241257008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The moral imperative of public health systems is to maximize the health and welfare of the population to the extent possible. Constraints often include a lack of resources, political will, popular acceptance, or an acceptable safety margin. Major agencies have established iron, iodine, and vitamin A as the principal elements for micronutrients, with folate and zinc on the second plane. As the armamentarium of interventions to favor micronutrient nutrition, for example, preventive health measures, dietary improvement, forms of fortification, and nutrient supplements, is offered in public health policy. The utility of their merger with other nutrients, emergent nutrients, has been considered. The Latin America and Caribbean Region has unique characteristics. The scientific and epidemiology considerations for action in the Region's health concern on 4 emergent nutrient deficiencies of public health-vitamins D and E, essential fatty acids, and choline-are reviewed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"S39-S46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana C Fernández-Gaxiola, Lynnette M Neufeld, Armando García-Guerra
{"title":"Considerations for Correction of Micronutrient Deficiencies Through Supplementation in Pregnant Women and Children Under-5 in Latin America.","authors":"Ana C Fernández-Gaxiola, Lynnette M Neufeld, Armando García-Guerra","doi":"10.1177/03795721231219824","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721231219824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Micronutrient deficiencies in Latin America are a public health concern, nonetheless, lack of information still exists in many countries, so that the true magnitude of the problem remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To summarise experiences that can inform the development of policies and programs to address micronutrient deficiencies throung supplementation in pregnant women and chlidren under five years of age in Latin American.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Review of the most evidence on the effects of micronutrients supplementation, focusing on pregnant women and children under five years of age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Certain population groups, as women of reproductive age and children under 2 years of age, are at increased risk for deficiency due to their high micronutrient requirements. This is compounded by the limited access to micronutrient-rich foods for many people living in vulnerable situations. Micronutrient supplementation is an effective intervention to prevent and treat deficiency and to mitigate its adverse effects on health, nutrition, and pregnancy outcomes in micronutrient-deficient populations. The potential benefits of supplementation programs, however, are realized only when they reach those who have the potential to benefit, that is, with inadequate intakes of micronutrients from dietary sources, and when the quality of design and delivery of the programs aresufficient to reach that population timely, regularly, and effectively to enable and motivate consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Several resources and experiences exist that can help favor the development of programs that can realize this biological and programmatic potential. There is need for continuous efforts to augment coverage and achieve results that can translate into economic benefits for individuals, families, and nations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"S47-S54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A C Fernández-Gaxiola, A García-Guerra, L M Neufeld
{"title":"Persistent Challenges of Micronutrient Deficiencies in Latin America Need Action.","authors":"A C Fernández-Gaxiola, A García-Guerra, L M Neufeld","doi":"10.1177/03795721241262136","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721241262136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Micronutrient deficiencies affect growth and development and are critical for maintaining health at all ages. Their critical role in exacerbating complications of infections and chronic diseases continues to impact morbidity, mortality, and quality of life for many. Raising awareness and advocating for micronutrient deficiencies in Latin America is urgent to reduce this preventable burden. Globally, an estimated 372 million preschool-aged children and 1.2 billion non-pregnant women of reproductive age suffer deficiency from 1 or more micronutrient. Data is limited and often old, and the true burden of problem in the region remains unclear. There are also limited data on dietary intake and on the double burden of malnutrition. Latin America has been a leader in the design and implementation of innovative and effective actions to reduce excess energy intake and curb the consumption of unhealthy Actions to address deficiency have been implemented in many countries in the region over the years, but current evidence suggests that micronutrient deficiencies have fallen off the public health agenda in Latin America. Effective programming can be developed / appropriately adapted only with knowledge of the current burden. Such data can also help guide and predict future areas of risk and priorities to missing upcoming nutrition issues in the population. Renewed commitment to quantify and monitor micronutrient deficiencies in the region is essential. Abundant evidence and guidance exist to inform effective program selection, design and implementation to address this public health problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"S7-S10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafael Monge-Rojas, Rulamán Vargas-Quesada, Agatha Nogueira Previdelli, Irina Kovalskys, Marianella Herrera-Cuenca, Lilia Yadira Cortés, Martha Cecilia Yépez García, Reyna Liria-Domínguez, Attilio Rigotti, Regina Mara Fisberg, Gerson Ferrari, Mauro Fisberg, Georgina Gómez
{"title":"A Landscape of Micronutrient Dietary Intake by 15- to 65-Years-Old Urban Population in 8 Latin American Countries: Results From the Latin American Study of Health and Nutrition.","authors":"Rafael Monge-Rojas, Rulamán Vargas-Quesada, Agatha Nogueira Previdelli, Irina Kovalskys, Marianella Herrera-Cuenca, Lilia Yadira Cortés, Martha Cecilia Yépez García, Reyna Liria-Domínguez, Attilio Rigotti, Regina Mara Fisberg, Gerson Ferrari, Mauro Fisberg, Georgina Gómez","doi":"10.1177/03795721231215267","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721231215267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Latin American countries have shifted from traditional diets rich in micronutrients to a Westernized diet rich in high energy-dense foods and low in micronutrients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of adequate micronutrient intakes in urban populations of 8 Latin American countries.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Micronutrient dietary intake data were collected from September 2014 to August 2015 from 9216 men and women aged 15.0 to 65.0 years living in urban populations of 8 Latin American countries. Dietary intake was collected using two 24-hour recalls on nonconsecutive days. Micronutrient adequacy of intake was calculated using the Estimated Average Requirement cut-off method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In general terms, the prevalence of inadequate intake of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folate, cobalamin, iron, phosphorus, copper, and selenium ranged from 0.4% to 9.9%. In contrast, the prevalence of inadequacy of pyridoxine, zinc, vitamin C, and vitamin A ranged from 15.7% to 51.5%. The nutrients with a critical prevalence of inadequacy were magnesium (80.5%), calcium (85.7%), and vitamin D (98.2%). The highest prevalence of inadequate intakes was observed in the low educational level, participants with overweight/obesity, in men, and varies according to socioeconomic status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is an urgent need to define direct regional actions and strategies in Latin America aimed at improving micronutrient adequacy, either through staple food fortification programs, agronomic biofortification, or food policies that facilitate economic access to micronutrient-rich foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"S11-S25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138797408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora, Rosa Palazuelos-González, Omar Domínguez-Flores
{"title":"Micronutrient Deficiencies in Older Adults in Latin America: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora, Rosa Palazuelos-González, Omar Domínguez-Flores","doi":"10.1177/03795721231214587","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721231214587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The population in Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) has experienced a major demographic transition with increased numbers of older adults (OA). This change brings opportunities in the public health sector to implement health prevention interventions and delay the onset of geriatric syndromes. Micronutrients play an important role in the maintenance of biological function which contributes to longevity. Micronutrient deficiencies (MD) in OA increase the risk for onset of chronic comorbidities and geriatric syndromes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To review and summarize the existing data on micronutrient status in OA in the LAC region and discuss the gaps and challenges in public health approaches to address deficiencies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature review in Medline for records describing nutritional biomarkers in older adults (≥ 60y) from community dwelling and population-based studies in LAC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Few countries (including Chile, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Brazil, and Mexico) have documented one or more nutritional deficiencies for OA in national health surveys, however across the entire region, evidence of micronutrient levels is scarce. Some surveys have documented a high prevalence and large heterogeneity in the prevalence of vitamin D followed by B12 deficiency, being the 2 MDs most studied due their effects on cognition, frailty, and bone mineral density in the OA population. Other MD including C, E, A, copper, zinc, iron, and selenium have also been reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Information on the micronutrient status in OA from LAC is poorly documented. Research and capacity building initiatives in the region are crucial to develop tailored strategies that address the specific nutritional needs and challenges faced by the ageing population in Latin America.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"S26-S38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}