Food and Nutrition Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of Vitamin A Degradation on the Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Vitamin A Fortification Programs: Modeled Evidence for Preschool Children in Nigeria.","authors":"Stephen A Vosti, Michael Jarvis, Lauren Thompson, Reina Engle-Stone, Katherine P Adams","doi":"10.1177/03795721261458490","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721261458490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dietary vitamin A inadequacy remains a serious public health problem, especially among young children. Food and condiment fortification programs and policies are in place in many countries to address this issue, but degradation of the vitamin A added via fortification can reduce the quantity of vitamin A reaching consumers. We modeled the impacts of vitamin A degradation on program effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in fortified wheat flour, sugar, and (hypothetical) bouillon cubes in Nigeria. We used secondary data to estimate the prevalence of vitamin A inadequacy among young children (6-59 months), and the programs' modeled contributions to reducing vitamin A inadequacy at selected levels of vitamin A degradation. The Lives Saved Tool was used to estimate child-lives saved. Program costs were estimated using activity-based models. Vitamin A degradation had a large negative impact on program effectiveness. Over the 0% to 80% vitamin A degradation range, accounting for other existing programs, fortification of sugar (7.5 mg/kg), wheat flour (2 mg/kg), and bouillon cubes (96 mg/kg) would reduce inadequacies among children by 2.9 to 0.7 percentage points, 3.9 to 0.7 percentage points, and 20.6 to 9.6 percentage points, respectively. Over the same vitamin A degradation range, average annual child-lives saved ranged from 3984 to 769 (sugar), 3036 to 739 (wheat flour), and 15 301 to 7153 (bouillon cubes); estimated cost/child-life saved ranged from US$ 550 to US$ 2848 (sugar), US$ 1039 to US$ 4271 (wheat flour), and US$ 944 to US$ 2018 (bouillon cubes). Vitamin A fortificant selection, technological innovations in vitamin A fortificants, and/or changes in premix and fortified food handling and storage could reduce degradation; these options could increase program costs, but merit consideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3795721261458490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148360074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Offerings to Food: A Qualitative Study of <i>Lungsuran</i> Handling and Nutrition Potential in Urban Bali.","authors":"I Desak Ketut Dewi Satiawati Kurnianingsih","doi":"10.1177/03795721261457483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03795721261457483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundEdible residues from Hindu offerings (<i>lungsuran</i>) may enter mixed waste streams despite retaining nutritional value. Although food rescue research has focused on household leftovers and supply-chain loss, less is known about how culturally governed norms and changing ritual economies shape post-ritual handling of edible offerings.ObjectiveTo examine how socio-religious norms, authority structures, and changing ritual economies shape <i>lungsuran</i> handling in urban Bali and identify culturally legitimate pathways for nutrition-sensitive recovery.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study in Denpasar, Indonesia, from September to November 2025 using 20 in-depth interviews with key informants, 4 focus group discussions involving 40 participants, and structured observations across 8 household and temple ritual settings. Data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed thematically.ResultsParticipants described <i>lungsuran</i> as edible and blessed, yet discard occurred in both household and temple settings, especially after large or frequent ceremonies. Post-ritual handling was shaped by four interrelated mechanisms: ritual-temporal suitability, authority and ownership, social permission and hierarchy, and marketization with devotional abundance. Reuse was more likely when decision rights were clear, social permission was explicit, and sorting occurred within an acceptable safety window. In pooled temple settings, ownership ambiguity, reluctance to be seen taking food, and reliance on purchased offerings increased discard. Across settings, time, labor, containers, storage, and transport affected recovery.Conclusions<i>Lungsuran</i> is not ordinary leftover food but a culturally governed edible flow. Nutrition-sensitive recovery is more likely when it aligns with ritual timing, clarifies authority, reduces social hesitation, and integrates food safety into community governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"3795721261457483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148367684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Biocultural Factors Influencing Infant Dietary Diversity in Periurban Guinea: Findings from a Mixed-Methods Study.","authors":"Teresa R Schwendler, Danny Wang, Muzi Na, Kathleen L Keller, Leif Jensen, Mohamed L Fofana, Mamady Daffé, Ibrahima Balde, Stephen R Kodish","doi":"10.1177/03795721261428777","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721261428777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis study aimed to characterize the factors influencing dietary diversity scores (DDS) of infants whose caregivers were classified as doers (those who fed a more diverse diet) and non-doers (those who fed a less diverse diet).MethodsThis study was conducted using a multiphase study design and guided by a biocultural framework. <i>Phase 1</i>. Interviews with community leaders (n = 13) and direct 6-h household observations (n = 10) were used to formatively explore factors influencing diet. <i>Phase 2.</i> A dietary assessment (n = 81) was used to determine dietary diversity of indexed infants. <i>Phase 3.</i> A biocultural survey and direct 3-h. observations were conducted among indexed infants (6-9 months) (n = 80) to understand the biocultural factors influencing infant DDS. <i>Phase 4.</i> Interviews (n = 34) were conducted among indexed caregivers to understand why and how biocultural factors shape infant DDS. Dietary data were analyzed, and biocultural survey variables were subjected to a forward stepwise linear regression. Textual data were analyzed to identify salient biocultural factors.ResultsFindings revealed that infants had an average DDS of 2. Having water access in the household, owning land for homestead food production, and feeding infants the same foods caregivers consume were positively associated with DDS. Conversely, adhering to food proscriptions was negatively associated with DDS. Most caregivers were food insecure and employed both food and non-food-based coping strategies to feed their infants.ConclusionDecreasing adherence to food rules, promoting homestead food production, and promoting non-food-based coping strategies may improve infant DDS in Guinea.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"85-98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13260739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Experiences of the Uganda Nutrition Action Plan in Lira District: Challenges and Lessons for Policy Implementation.","authors":"Abigail Kim, Peninah Tumuhimbise, Kenneth Odur, Heather Wipfli","doi":"10.1177/03795721261423259","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721261423259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundIn response to high rates of undernutrition, Uganda began rolling out the multisectoral Uganda Nutrition Action Plan (UNAP) in 2011, followed by Phase II (UNAP II) in 2020. Uganda has since progressed toward several nutrition targets; however, limitations in nutrition coordination and financing call for continued strengthening of the UNAP II.ObjectivesGiven that monitoring of the UNAP II does not consistently capture district-level outcomes and relies upon quantitative nutrition indicators, this study aims to qualitatively assess nutrition stakeholder and community perspectives at the district level.MethodsFrom June to August in 2022, under an umbrella study utilizing community-based participatory research methods to train youth from Lira District in research, in partnership with the University of Southern California (USC) and community organization Children's Chance International-Uganda, these youth helped carry out an explanatory qualitative assessment consisting of 10 key informant interviews. Responses were compiled, transcribed, and analyzed using the Atlas TI software to code responses for thematic insights.ResultsParticipants highlighted several challenges with the UNAP II implementation at the local level. Mechanisms intended to promote multisectoral collaboration, such as district nutrition coordination committees, have been on hiatus due to limited funding; local governments experience funding disbursement delays and a lack of nutrition prioritization; and nutrition surveillance is limited by tools, training, and human resources.ConclusionsObtaining community perspectives revealed several gaps in local UNAP II implementation and demonstrates the importance of creating mechanisms for communities to continuously provide feedback for national policies like the UNAP II.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"116-124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13260744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147442710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale Allow for Valid Comparisons Across Sex, Race, and Education? A Measurement Invariance Analysis Using the National Household Sample Survey.","authors":"Vanessa G Cezimbra, João L Bastos, Michael E Reichenheim","doi":"10.1177/03795721261442246","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721261442246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale (Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar, EBIA) is widely used to assess food insecurity (FI) in Brazil and has demonstrated strong internal and external validity. However, evidence regarding its measurement invariance across different population groups remains limited.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the invariance of the 8-item EBIA by sex, race, and education of household members, using data from the 2013 Brazilian National Household Sample Survey (n = 116 543).MethodsThe sample was split into 3 independent subsamples, and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis and the alignment method were employed to test for measurement invariance across groups. Households were classified according to the composition of residents based on each variable.ResultsFindings indicated that the EBIA exhibits configural and scalar invariance across all 3 groupings. Although the alignment method identified a few localized violations, over 80% of parameters were invariant, suggesting approximate invariance.ConclusionsWe conclude that EBIA demonstrates broad measurement invariance across sex, race, and education, supporting valid comparisons of FI scores among these subpopulations. These findings reinforce the psychometric robustness of EBIA as a tool for monitoring FI in diverse sociodemographic contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"99-108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Growth Trajectories in Stunted Children Under 5 Years of Age: A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Data from Guatemala.","authors":"Christian Lumley, Lee Voth-Gaeddert, Gabriela Montenegro-Bethancourt, Leah Ratner, Shela Sridhar, Anahí Venzor-Strader, Stephen Alajajian, Peter Rohloff","doi":"10.1177/03795721261437900","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721261437900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundStunting is a pervasive issue in low- and middle-income countries, particularly affecting rural and Indigenous populations. Little reported data is available on the growth of clinical populations of children with stunting, including those with more severe stunting.ObjectiveThis study examines growth trajectories of children under 5 years of age from a long-standing clinical care program to address childhood stunting that provides monthly at-home growth monitoring, family food rations, nutrition counseling, micronutrient supplementation, and childhood illness management.HypothesisWe hypothesized that children with stunting are a clinically heterogeneous group, where some experience ongoing growth failure and others catch-up growth.MethodsWe utilized data from 2827 children and 38 864 height measurements. We applied superimposition by translation and rotation modeling to characterize growth patterns.ResultsMedian age at first measurement was 9 months (IQR: 3, 16) and median length of growth monitoring was 17 months (IQR: 8, 30). Median height-for-age Z-score at first measurement was -2.51 (IQR: -3.23, -1.68). There was variability in growth dynamics, with some children showing potential catch-up growth, particularly those with the lowest initial height-for-age metrics. In regression analysis, factors significantly associated with growth improvement over time included greater initial severity of stunting, male sex, and geographical region.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the heterogeneity of growth responses among stunted children and the need for individualized intervention strategies. They emphasize the necessity for ongoing investigations of both tailored clinical interventions and novel factors associated with growth variability and catch-up growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"73-84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147671930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Better Capacity for Better Nutrition in Asia:: <i>Nurturing and Engaging National and Regional Academic Institutions to Advance the Nutrition Agenda in Asia</i>.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/03795721261441191","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721261441191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"71-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Determinants of Dairy, Egg, and Meat Consumption Among Children Aged 6 to 23 Months in Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia: A Secondary Data Analysis.","authors":"Bira Belay","doi":"10.1177/03795721261450295","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721261450295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundAnimal-source foods (ASFs) are critical for addressing child undernutrition, yet consumption remains low in Ethiopia. Prevailing evidence often aggregates ASFs, potentially obscuring the unique socioeconomic and demographic determinants of specific, nutrient-rich foods like dairy, eggs, and meat.ObjectiveThis secondary analysis aimed to compare the determinants of dairy, egg, and meat/poultry consumption among children aged 6 to 23 months in Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia, using existing cross-sectional data.MethodsThis secondary analysis utilized data from an institution-based cross-sectional study conducted among 542 mother-child pairs from July to August 2024. The original data were collected electronically via structured questionnaires. For this analysis, consumption of each ASF (dairy, eggs, meat/poultry) in the preceding 24 h was the primary outcome. Separate multivariable logistic regression models identified adjusted factors associated with each food type. The very low prevalence of meat/poultry consumption (4.5%) limits statistical power for detecting associations.ResultsConsumption prevalence was 28.6% for dairy, 15.0% for eggs, and 4.5% for meat/poultry. Household wealth exhibited a strong, positive gradient for all ASFs, most pronounced for eggs (richest vs poorest: Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 3.50; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.33, 9.24). Maternal primary education was significantly associated with higher odds of dairy (AOR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.17, 3.19) and egg consumption (AOR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.26, 5.05) but not meat. Large family size (≥7 members) was a major constraint, reducing the odds of egg consumption by 70% (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.74).ConclusionsThe socioeconomic and demographic determinants of ASF consumption are not uniform but are distinctly patterned by food type. Nutrition-sensitive interventions must therefore be equally specific, combining economic strategies to improve affordability with targeted education-particularly for dairy and eggs-while addressing intrahousehold food allocation in larger families.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"109-115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147928085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Food Policies and Obesity: Lessons From Selected Country Experiences.","authors":"Esther Ugo Alum, Ada Ak Akwari, Muhammed Kibuuka, Patience Owere Ekpang, Joseph Enyia Ekpang, Obasi Uche Orji","doi":"10.1177/03795721251408170","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721251408170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundObesity is a global public health crisis exacerbated by ultra-processed and nutrient-poor foods. Despite policy interventions, progress remains uneven due to socioeconomic, political, and industry barriers.ObjectiveThis review examines global food policies on obesity prevention, highlights implementation gaps, and suggests pathways for more equitable, coordinated action.MethodsA narrative review was conducted using literature from PubMed and Scopus (2017-2025), including peer-reviewed studies, policy documents, and international agency reports. Key search terms included \"global food policies,\" \"obesity prevention,\" \"ultra-processed foods,\" \"nutrition labeling,\" and \"sugar taxes.\" Inclusion criteria encompassed studies on policy strategies for obesity prevention and healthier food environments.ResultsThe review categorized food policy interventions into key thematic areas: fiscal policies, nutrition labeling, marketing restrictions, regulation of ultra-processed foods (UPFs), out-of-home/food-service policies (eg, menu and nutrient labeling, portion-size and sodium limits, healthy defaults, procurement standards), school food policies, and international coordination. Evidence shows that front-of-package labeling and sugar-sweetened beverage levies are effective in some regions. Healthy food subsidies and purchase incentives yield mixed but promising results, especially among low-income groups. However, socioeconomic disparities, industry resistance, weak regulations, and poor multisector and public-private partnerships (PPPs) governance limit their scalability and sustainability.ConclusionsCurrent global food policy efforts are insufficient to curb the escalating obesity epidemic. Transformative, multisectoral, and equity-focused policy frameworks augmented by digital tools for monitoring, enforcement, and targeted health promotion are critical to accelerate progress and reduce inequities. Priority should be given to regulating UPFs, standardizing labels, tightening marketing controls, and integrating obesity prevention into health policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"51-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145988941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewers List 2025.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/03795721261418867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03795721261418867","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":"47 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147275808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}