Food Packaging and Shelf Life最新文献

{"title":"Microfibrillated cellulose films from agri-food wastes and plant residues for food packaging applications – A comparative investigation","authors":"Tommaso Bellesia ,&nbsp;Daniele Carullo ,&nbsp;Andrea Fachin ,&nbsp;Maral Soltanzadeh ,&nbsp;Masoud Ghaani ,&nbsp;Giorgio Innocenzo Ascrizzi ,&nbsp;Laura Piazza ,&nbsp;Stefano Farris","doi":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellulose from three agri-waste feedstocks—giant cane, <em>Posidonia oceanica</em> seagrass, and coffee silverskin—was processed into aqueous dispersions (1% by weight) of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) via high-pressure homogenization (HPH) to produce stand-alone films for potential food packaging applications. Rheology, stability, and morphology of dispersions, as well as optical, barrier, mechanical, morphological, and surface properties of the resulting films were evaluated, with Sylvicta® used as a commercial reference. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) confirmed successful MFC production (average diameter &lt; 100 nm) after HPH. The dispersions showed good stability (ζ-potential &lt; 30 mV), shear-thinning, and strong-gel behavior (G’/ G’’ ≈ 10). Regardless of cellulose source, the films performed similarly to the commercial solution, including excellent oxygen barrier properties [oxygen transmission rate &lt; 0.01 cm³ (STP) m⁻² day⁻¹ under dry test conditions], high stiffness (Young’s modulus ≈ 7.5 GPa), tensile strength (≈ 85 MPa), and effective UV-shielding. Surface wettability differed: the commercial sample exhibited a higher contact angle (≈ 115°) than the prepared films (≈ 55–95°). Nonetheless, all samples showed initial spreading of the water droplet followed by absorption. This study demonstrates the potential of valorizing agri-food waste and plant residues into sustainable, high-performance cellulosic films for food packaging. The approach supports circular economy strategies and helps reduce the environmental impact of plastics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12377,"journal":{"name":"Food Packaging and Shelf Life","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101728"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upcycling of post-consumer PLA into active packaging films: Structural and functional assessment of rPLA/PCL blends with quercetin","authors":"Andrea Feroce ,&nbsp;Sara Exojo-Trujillo ,&nbsp;José Manuel López Vilariño ,&nbsp;Fabio Licciardello ,&nbsp;Rafael Gavara ,&nbsp;Carol López-de-Dicastillo","doi":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The detrimental impact on the environment derived from the wrong management of conventional plastics is promoting the use of biobased and biodegradable materials for food packaging. Specifically, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is characterized by its compostability, availability and its easy processing by melt extrusion, becoming one of the most used biopolymers in the industry. Because PLA is a valuable polyester, its recyclability should be considered as an alternative to compostability. In this work, the post-consumer recycled PLA (rPLA) obtained after simulating the service life and recycling processes of commercial PLA-based water bottles was used to develop new active packaging systems. Polycaprolactone (PCL), a polyester known for its excellent deformability, was added to mitigate the deterioration of rPLA during its reprocessing and afford different characteristics. Likewise, the addition of quercetin (Q), a natural polyphenolic antioxidant, can increase the interaction between both polymers and allow a greater preservation of food sensitive to oxidation through its progressive release. In this work, active films based on rPLA and PCL blends at different ratios (85/15 and 70/30) incorporating Q at 3 wt% were melt-extruded. Thermal, optical, diffusional (specific and overall migration) and morphological properties were analyzed, in addition to their antioxidant capacity and Q release profiles. Micrographs showed polymeric blends exhibited spherical-shaped PCL particles surrounded by rPLA matrix, and their characterization indicated the blending with PCL and Q increased rPLA crystallinity. In addition, the release of Q and their antioxidant activity increased with PCL concentration and ethanol content in the food simulant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12377,"journal":{"name":"Food Packaging and Shelf Life","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101700"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145921951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quaternary ammonium chitosan-based film reinforced with antibacterial Pickering emulsion synergistically stabilised by shellac nanoparticles and ε-polylysine for fruit preservation","authors":"Lang Cai ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Yang ,&nbsp;Yanjia Wang ,&nbsp;Fangsheng Hu ,&nbsp;Binxin Liang ,&nbsp;Wenting Qiu ,&nbsp;Shixin Song ,&nbsp;Lei Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to construct an antibacterial Pickering emulsion using the synergistic effect between shellac nanoparticles (SNPs) and ε-polylysine (ε-PL) to functionalise quaternary ammonium chitosan (QAC) films and apply them for fruit preservation. Results demonstrate that adjusting the ε-PL content can effectively modulate the stability, viscoelasticity and antibacterial properties of Pickering emulsions. Notably, the S-50 % ε-PL Pickering emulsion exhibits superior stability and viscoelasticity under acidic conditions and thereby effectively inhibits the growth of <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Furthermore, the reversible transformation from demulsification to re-emulsification of an S-50 % ε-PL emulsion can be achieved by adjusting the pH. The re-emulsified Pickering emulsion exhibits physicochemical properties and demonstrates antibacterial performance similar to those of the original emulsion, indicating its excellent structural and functional recoverability. Notably, the incorporation of the S-100 % ε-PL emulsion addresses the QAC film’s limitations in terms of barrier property, thermal stability and antibacterial activity. When compared with untreated and pure QAC films, the Pickering emulsion–modified QAC films considerably inhibit microbial contamination of cherries and strawberries and delay their quality deterioration, as evidenced by key indicators, such as weight loss, pH, firmness, vitamin C, titratable acidity and total soluble solids. This study offers a novel strategy for designing antimicrobial Pickering emulsions and multifunctional biobased films.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12377,"journal":{"name":"Food Packaging and Shelf Life","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101699"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145921886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced screening strategies for non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) in plastic food contact materials: Progress and challenges, and future perspectives","authors":"Ziying Chen ,&nbsp;Yi-Jun Cao ,&nbsp;Jie-Ping Fan ,&nbsp;Jia Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastics in food packaging risk leaching regulated intentionally added substances (IAS) and unregulated NIAS, threatening consumer health. Currently, targeted LC-MS/MS workflows are effective in tracking IAS migration, but non-targeted screening of NIAS in complex polymer matrices (e.g., multilayer thin films) is still restricted by limited libraries, low-abundance signals, and fuzzy regulatory thresholds. This review highlights advanced NIAS screening tools (ion mobility-HRMS, AI-driven toxicology) and proposes a risk-priority framework to guide safer, sustainable packaging innovation. By addressing these unmet needs, this work aims to bridge the gap between analytical innovation and risk management in NIAS assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12377,"journal":{"name":"Food Packaging and Shelf Life","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101697"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Super-Critical Fluid Extraction (SFE) with CO2 as decontamination step for recycling polyethylenes for food contact","authors":"Carlos Estremera ,&nbsp;Silvia Lóbez ,&nbsp;Fallah Belgharbi ,&nbsp;Ana M. Mainar ,&nbsp;Cristina Nerín ,&nbsp;Paula Vera","doi":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2025.101682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2025.101682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recycling of polyolefins remains a significant challenge in the context of food contact materials (FCM) due to contamination by both volatile and non-volatile compounds. Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) with carbon dioxide (CO₂) has emerged as a promising technology for being included as an efficient step of decontamination or postconsumer polyolefins, ensuring their safety and quality for food contact applications. This study evaluates the capability of SFE to decontaminate postconsumer polyolefin-based materials, including multilayer polyethylene (PE) and polyamide 6,6 (PA-6,6) plastic bags, high density polyethylene (HDPE) containers, and post-consumer HDPE packaging, all previously in contact with food. A non-targeted analytical approach was applied using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to detect and semi-quantify contaminants before and after SFE treatment and a total of 121 compounds were detected in this non-target analysis. Among them, several common plastic additives and various food-derivative compounds, degradation or oxidation products of these additives were found. The results demonstrated up to 99 % decontamination efficiency for volatile compounds and 75 % for non-volatiles, based on the total concentration of compounds before and after the SFE process. These efficiencies highlight the potential of SFE as a critical step for enhancing the quality of recycled polyolefins. The study underscores the role of SFE in advancing the recyclability of polyolefins within the framework of a circular economy. By addressing contamination challenges—both chemical and structural—and enabling the safe reuse of materials in food contact applications, this technology contributes to reducing plastic waste and promoting sustainable material management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12377,"journal":{"name":"Food Packaging and Shelf Life","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101682"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematically engineered edible film based on carvacrol-cyclodextrin inclusion complex extends the shelf-life of fresh-cut asparagus lettuce by regulating postharvest physiology","authors":"Yanshuo Wang ,&nbsp;Luting Ren ,&nbsp;Yichong Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhenbo Xing ,&nbsp;Yuxin Miao ,&nbsp;Bohan Jia ,&nbsp;Xin Lü ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fresh-cut fruits and vegetables are valued for their convenience and nutrition, but minimal processing disrupts cellular integrity, accelerating browning, moisture loss, and microbial growth. Asparagus lettuce is particularly susceptible to these postharvest deteriorations. This study developed a targeted preservation strategy by encapsulating carvacrol (CAR) into hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and incorporating the complex into a sodium alginate film. A sequential two-stage optimization—orthogonal design followed by Box-Behnken response surface methodology—was adopted to optimize both complex preparation (host:guest 8:1, 40 ℃, 8 h) and film composition (1.53 % alginate, 1.20 % glycerol, 1.42 % CaCl₂). The resulting film exhibited excellent mechanical properties (44.28 MPa tensile strength, 22.73 % elongation) and a high encapsulation efficiency of 62.96 %. Structural analyses confirmed the successful embedding of CAR within HP-β-CD, which enhanced thermal stability and enabled controlled release. Films containing 1–4 % complex demonstrated integrated antioxidant and antibacterial functions, adjustable water-vapor permeability, and effective UV shielding. The SA-4 %IC (Sodium Alginate coating with 4 % (w/w) Carvacrol/HP-β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex) significantly reduced weight loss, browning, chlorophyll degradation, and microbial growth in fresh-cut asparagus lettuce during 10-day storage at 4 ℃, while maintaining antioxidant enzyme activity and membrane integrity, thereby extending the shelf life by over 4 days. This study provides a produce-specific, data-driven blueprint for designing advanced edible coatings, bridging the gap between lab-scale optimization and practical preservation of highly perishable fresh-cut commodities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12377,"journal":{"name":"Food Packaging and Shelf Life","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101703"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145921887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extending fresh-cut fruit shelf life via novel elevated honeycomb packaging: A study of watermelon","authors":"Argus C. da Rocha Neto ,&nbsp;Yifei Li ,&nbsp;Nolan Schinderle ,&nbsp;Teresa M. Bergholz ,&nbsp;Hannah Mulheron ,&nbsp;Emily J. Mayhew ,&nbsp;Eva Almenar","doi":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fresh-cut watermelon shelf life is limited by softening, discoloration, and microbial growth, which are partly due to juice leakage. This study investigated the effects of a novel packaging design featuring a honeycomb-elevated tray base and two-perforation lid on minimizing juice leakage and maintaining fresh-cut watermelon quality using the standard retail packaging as counterpart. Processed watermelon was stored in both packages for 12 days at 5°C, with periodic assessments of physico-chemical and microbiological changes, and consumer preference. The novel package significantly reduced juice leakage and weight loss and preserved firmness and color compared to retail packaging, findings supported by consumers’ choices. Microbial counts were similar despite the novel package containing air versus the modified atmosphere (MA) created by retail packaging, suggesting that juice/fruit physical separation controlled microbial growth likewise MA. This study pioneers packaging that elevates fresh-cut fruit above its juice to extend shelf life, opening new research and packaging design possibilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12377,"journal":{"name":"Food Packaging and Shelf Life","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101708"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composite film with tunable gas permeability and temperature-responsive release for postharvest preservation","authors":"Haiyu Du ,&nbsp;Xintang Liu ,&nbsp;Chunyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiangdong Yun ,&nbsp;Zhengfeng Ma ,&nbsp;Zhu Zhu ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2025.101681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2025.101681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The quality deterioration of perishable produce is accelerated by the elevated temperature and imbalanced gas composition. Herein, a multifunctional composite film (Eugenol@PNPMs@HACC-g-PAA, EP@HP) integrating temperature-responsive antimicrobial and gas regulation was developed for smart and precise freshness preservation. The film achieved an exceptional CO₂/O₂ selective permeability ratio of 5.58 gas at 25°C by introducing eugenol-loaded aminated porous poly(lactic acid) microspheres into the polymer matrix. The phase transition temperature was precisely controlled at 25 ℃ by adjusting the molar ratio of quaternary ammonium groups to acrylic monomers, which realized the responsive antimicrobial release under elevated temperatures. Antimicrobial tests showed that EP@HP possessed more than 80 % antibacterial properties against key postharvest pathogens (<em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, and <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>). Furthermore, the film exhibited antifogging properties, UV-blocking properties, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility. More importantly, storage tests demonstrated that the film extended the shelf life of bananas and kiwifruit by 3 and 9 days, respectively, through synergistic gas regulation and microbial suppression. This work presents a multifunctional smart film that combined autonomous gas regulation with on-demand antimicrobial release, offering significant potential for industrial applications according to its convenient fabrication process and effective preservation performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12377,"journal":{"name":"Food Packaging and Shelf Life","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101681"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145788874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon quantum dot-enhanced stimulus-responsive hydrogels for smart food packaging: Sensing, preservation, and AI-enabled predictive quality management","authors":"Mingna Li ,&nbsp;Yanlin Du ,&nbsp;Juan Zhao ,&nbsp;Yongli Jiang ,&nbsp;Yifeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Junjie Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating global challenges of food safety and waste necessitate innovative packaging solutions. Carbon quantum dot-enhanced stimulus-responsive hydrogels (CQDs/hydrogels) represent an emerging platform designed to overcome the limitations of traditional hydrogels, such as insufficient mechanical strength and slow stimulus response. This review critically examines the construction strategies, enhancement mechanisms, and applications of these nanocomposites. We detail how strategically functionalized CQDs, synthesized via top-down/bottom-up approaches, serve as both nano-reinforcers and sensing elements, conferring sensitivity to pH, volatile amines, and enzymes. It comprehensively evaluates core applications such as real-time freshness monitoring, active preservation (via synergistic antibacterial/antioxidant effects), and intelligent controlled release of bioactive substances. The paper further examines the nascent integration with artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), highlighting its potential for predictive quality management while acknowledging its current status as primarily proof-of-concept. However, critical barriers to commercialization remain, including long-term stability issues in real-world conditions, insufficient response specificity in complex food matrices, unresolved safety and regulatory concerns about CQD migration, and high manufacturing costs. Future progress hinges on developing fully bio-based and biodegradable composites, designing multi-stimuli-responsive systems, and fostering cross-disciplinary collaboration to bridge the gap between laboratory innovation and practical, sustainable implementation in the global food supply chain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12377,"journal":{"name":"Food Packaging and Shelf Life","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101701"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and characterization of antimicrobial nanocomposite material based on polylactic acid (PLA)-graphene oxide (GO) used for pasteurized milk packaging","authors":"Maryam Zabihzadeh Khajavi ,&nbsp;Anton Nikiforov ,&nbsp;Mohammad Masoomian ,&nbsp;Shervin Ahmadi ,&nbsp;Nathalie De Geyter ,&nbsp;Mehdi Farhoodi","doi":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fpsl.2026.101707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for sustainable, functional packaging has led to the development of advanced nanocomposite films. This study introduces a toughened polylactic acid (PLA) film reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets to enhance the shelf life and nutritional quality of pasteurized milk. The addition of polyolefin elastomer (POE) and a compatibilizer (C) improved flexibility and impact resistance, while GO enhanced UV-blocking, oxygen barrier, thermal stability, and antimicrobial properties. Compared to pristine PLA, the PLA-POE-C-GO film showed increased elongation at break (57.4 % vs. 5.5 %) and reduced oxygen permeability (4.3 × 10⁻¹⁸ vs. 10.3 × 10⁻¹⁸ m²/s·Pa). The PLA-POE-C-GO pouch was compared to low-density polyethylene (LDPE), LDPE-TiO₂, polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/LDPE packaging, and commercial packaged milk in LDPE pouch during five days of milk storage. It demonstrated superior retention of vitamins D₂, A, and riboflavin, better oxidative stability, and significantly lower microbial growth (2.5 log CFU/mL vs. 4.2–4.8 log CFU/mL in others). pH measurements confirmed delayed spoilage in the PLA-POE-C-GO-packaged milk. These results support PLA-POE-C-GO as a promising, eco-friendly packaging material for preserving milk quality and extending shelf life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12377,"journal":{"name":"Food Packaging and Shelf Life","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101707"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}