Folia neuropathologica最新文献

{"title":"Effects of dexmedetomidine on pain threshold, memory ability, and neurological function in sleep-deprived rats through expression of PSD95 protein and the phosphorylation level of the PI3K/AKT pathway.","authors":"Minru Zhang, Fang Li, Min Jia","doi":"10.5114/fn.2026.159091","DOIUrl":"10.5114/fn.2026.159091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The study aimed to observe the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on pain threshold, memory, and neurological ability in rats with sleep deprivation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Forty-eight SD rats were divided into a control group (n = 12), model group (n = 12), sleep deprivation + Dex low dose injection group (DEX low dose group), and sleep deprivation + Dex high dose injection group (high dose DEX group). The rats in the model group, DEX low dose group, and DEX high dose group were subjected to sleep deprivation for 3 hours, and the DEX low dose group and DEX high dose group were injected with Dex (6 µg/kg, 60 µg/kg, 10 min, respectively). The neurological function scores of rats in each group were compared, and the contents of PSD95 and PI3K/AKT protein were detected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The food intake of rats in groups B, C, and D was lower than in group A (p < 0.05), and the food intake in group D was higher than in groups B and C (p < 0.05). The escape latency of the Morris water maze test in all groups decreased gradually from day 1 to day 3 (p < 0.05). On days 2 and 3, the escape latency of group B was longer than that of group A (p < 0.05), while the escape latency of groups C and D was shorter than that of group B (p < 0.05). The target quadrant residence time of group B was shorter than that of group A (p < 0.05), while the target quadrant residence time of group C and D was longer than that of group B (p < 0.05). The neurological function score of the group B was increased (p < 0.05), while the neurological function score of groups C and D was lower than that of group B in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The PSD95 protein content and PI3K/AKT phosphorylation level in group B were lower (p < 0.05), while these values in groups C and D were higher than in group B in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Different doses of Dex can effectively reduce the pain threshold, enhance memory ability, and improve neurological function in sleep-deprived rats. The mechanism may be mediated by regulation of PSD95 expression and phosphorylation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":12370,"journal":{"name":"Folia neuropathologica","volume":"64 1","pages":"105-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147767027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of nonketotic hyperglycaemic hemichorea -hemiballismus due to acute ischemic stroke in the contralateral supplementary motor area: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Xiuyu Du, Xiaochuan Guo, Xiaobao Zhou","doi":"10.5114/fn.2024.135290","DOIUrl":"10.5114/fn.2024.135290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There remains uncertainty about the mechanism and specific location of the relative cortex with nonketotic hyperglycaemic hemichorea-hemiballismus (HC-HB). This paper aims to analyse the relationship between the disappearance of HC-HB and the supplementary motor area (SMA) infarction in a patient who recovered following an acute ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>An 83-year-old female patient with diabetes mellitus presenting with severe and refractory involuntary movement after hypoglycaemic therapy was referred to an outpatient neurosurgery department for further intervention. Laboratory, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) neuroimaging and physical examinations were performed. After a diagnosis of HC-HB was confirmed, the patient received hypoglycaemic therapy and haloperidol; however, there was no significant improvement. Brain MRI T1-weighted images and CT scans showed high signal intensity involving the bilateral putamen nucleus. CT perfusion and CT angiography showed a hypo-perfusion in the SMA of the right hemisphere without significant vascular occlusion. Then, aspirin and clopidogrel were administered, and the patient's left leg presented slight involuntary movement three days later. Interestingly, her involuntary movement disappeared again on the second day after the discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy. She was discharged three days later, and her symptoms did not recur during a follow-up for three months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SMA dysfunction caused by the acute infarction could terminate or reset the pathological neural path-way of nonketotic hyperglycaemic HC-HB and contribute to the disappearance of the involuntary movement on the contralateral side. The SMA may be a selective intervention target for patients with refractory nonketotic hyperglycaemic HC-HB.</p>","PeriodicalId":12370,"journal":{"name":"Folia neuropathologica","volume":" ","pages":"100-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing hemorrhagic transformation after mechanical thrombectomy for acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion stroke and prediction modeling.","authors":"Linyu Zhou, Hong Yu, Jianbing Bai, Yang Wang, Yingqiang Zhong, Tao Jiang, Yongqing Dai","doi":"10.5114/fn.2025.155824","DOIUrl":"10.5114/fn.2025.155824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim was to explore the factors influencing hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion stroke (ALVOS) and establish a corresponding prediction model.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 180 ALVOS patients who underwent MT in our hospital between May 2022 and December 2023. The patients were divided into a bleeding group (134 cases) and a non-bleeding group (46 cases) based on whether there was intracranial hemorrhage in the immediate follow-up head CT after surgery. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the factors influencing HT after MT in ALVOS patients. A logistic regression prediction model based on risk factors was constructed. The predictive ability of the model was validated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were detected between the bleeding group and the non-bleeding group in terms of age, diabetes, NIHSS score on admission, time from onset to admission, time from onset to vascular recanalization, number of embolectomy attempts, and application of tirofiban (p < 0.05). Diabetes, NIHSS score on admission, time from onset to admission, time from onset to vascular recanalization, number of embolectomy attempts, and application of tirofiban were all significant factors influencing HT in ALVOS patients who underwent MT (p < 0.05). The logistic risk prediction model was constructed using the following model: Logit (P) = 0.625 × combined diabetes + 0.071 × NIHSS score + 0.035 × onset to hospital time + 2.321 × onset to vascular recanalization time + 1.461 × number of embolectomy attempts + 0.993 × application of tirofiban. The model had the likelihood ratio chi square (c2) = 196.85, DF = 6, p 2.03, the AUC was 0.882, 95% CI was 0.792-0.175, Z = 20.331, p < 0.001, with the predictive sensitivity of 85.35% and the specificity of 85.74%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Age, diabetes, NIHSS score on admission, time from onset to admission, time from onset to vascular recanalization, number of thrombectomy attempts, and use of tirofiban were independent risk factors for HT after MT in ALVOS patients. A logistic risk prediction model incorporating independent risk factors had some predictive value for HT after thrombolysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12370,"journal":{"name":"Folia neuropathologica","volume":" ","pages":"411-419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145713959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In memoriam Paweł Piotr Liberski (1954-2025).","authors":"Beata Sikorska","doi":"10.5114/fn.2025.155259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/fn.2025.155259","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12370,"journal":{"name":"Folia neuropathologica","volume":"63 3","pages":"217-219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145502946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebellar lesions caused by vitamin B12 deficiency: a case report.","authors":"Xin Hu, Hong Xu, Yang Han, Yan Wu, Li Fang, Li-Na Qin, Hong Miao, Li Chen, Ju-Ping Chen","doi":"10.5114/fn.2025.152518","DOIUrl":"10.5114/fn.2025.152518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin B 12 deficiency can cause subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord and cerebellar lesions. The patient, a 78-year-old woman, presented with an unstable gait, speech impairment and memory decline for one month. The neurological examination revealed ataxia, cerebellar speech disorder and mild cognitive impairment. Head and cervical vertebra magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed spinal cord and cerebellar lesions. The patient's symptoms improved after supplementation with vitamin B 12 . We found few reports of such cases in the literature. In this case report, we describe the entire diagnostic and treatment process of vitamin B 12 deficiency involving cerebellar lesions and briefly discuss the related pathogenesis, research progress and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12370,"journal":{"name":"Folia neuropathologica","volume":"63 3","pages":"320-326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145502943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LncRNA RMST contributes to neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury by targeting miR-139-5p.","authors":"Yangwei Zhang, Yinhua Chen, Yanli Zhang, Ye Su, Juan Wang, Kang Zhang, Ningning Zhang","doi":"10.5114/fn.2024.144259","DOIUrl":"10.5114/fn.2024.144259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neuroinflammation plays a significant role in the pathological progression of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and represents a promising therapeutic target. The present study focused on exploring the mechanism of long noncoding RNA rhabdomyosarcoma 2 associated transcripts (RMST) in TBI-induced neuroinflammation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Controlled cortex injury was constructed as an in vivo TBI rat model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglia BV2 was constructed as an in vitro cellular model. Reverse transcription-quantity polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was employed to detect RMST levels in cerebral cortical tissues and BV2 cells. The modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and Morris water maze test were used to analyze neurological deficits and cognitive dysfunction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay and flow cytometry were conducted to examine inflammatory factor levels and apoptosis. Dual luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to validate the target relationship between microRNA (miR)-139-5p and RMST.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RMST was present at high levels in TBI cerebral cortex tissues and LPS-induced BV2 cells, while miR-139-5p was reduced compared with the sham. Silencing RMST alleviated neurological deficits and cognitive dysfunction in TBI rats, but this alleviation was partially eliminated by the reduction of miR-139-5p. Additionally, overactivated neuroinflammatory factors in the TBI cerebral cortex were also suppressed by the knockdown of RMST, but partially restored by reduced miR-139-5p. Finally, the promotion of apoptosis and inflammatory mediator secretion of BV2 by LPS was diminished by silencing of RMST. These effects were all partially attenuated by silencing of miR-139-5p.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RMST can aggravate neuroinflammation and apoptosis in microglia after TBI and thereby affect neurological dysfunction by regulating miR-139-5p.</p>","PeriodicalId":12370,"journal":{"name":"Folia neuropathologica","volume":"63 3","pages":"256-268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145502964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraspinal collision tumor comprising a schwannoma and ependymocytoma: a rare case study and literature review.","authors":"Zhiwu Wu, Qinglin Zhong, Zhi Wang, Kaiming Feng, Qiuhua Jiang","doi":"10.5114/fn.2025.154791","DOIUrl":"10.5114/fn.2025.154791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collision tumors, a rare phenomenon wherein two tumors with different histological features appear in the same anatomical region, present a challenging clinical diagnosis, particularly in the context of intraspinal collision tumors. This study reports the clinical data of a patient with an intraspinal collision tumor composed of schwannomas and ependymomas. A 47-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with a six-month history of lumbosacral pain and numbness in both lower extremities. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed two space-occupying lesions in the L1-2 spinal canal, which were initially diagnosed as two separate neurogenic tumors. Subsequent pathological examination revealed a collision tumor comprising a schwannoma and ependymoma. Intraspinal collision tumors, especially those combining schwannoma and ependymocytoma, are exceedingly rare. When two separate or conjoined tumors are present at the same anatomical site, the possibility of a collision tumor should be considered, despite its rarity. Interestingly, it was found that vertebral collision tumors tend to involve hemangiomas, whereas intraspinal collision tumors predominantly involve schwannomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":12370,"journal":{"name":"Folia neuropathologica","volume":" ","pages":"436-440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145713909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppression of the lncRNA TUG1 alleviates neuropathic pain in rats with chronic contractile injury via the miR-29b-3p/HMGB1 axis.","authors":"Jingjing Dong, Yonghong Ding, Xia Geng, Xiaona Guo, Linkai Jiang, Aiping Ouyang","doi":"10.5114/fn.2024.141512","DOIUrl":"10.5114/fn.2024.141512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The present research focused on the function of lncRNA taurine upregulated 1 (TUG1) in a rat neuropathic pain (NP) model constructed by chronic contractile injury (CCI).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Construction of the NP rat model was performed by CCI surgery. Paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were applied to examine the NP behavior. RT-qPCR was established to explore the levels of TUG1, microRNA (miR)-29b-3p, and HMGB1. ELISA was carried out to evaluate the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1b, tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a), IL-4, and IL-6. The underlying mechanisms of TUG1 were explored by RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) and dual-luciferase reporter (DLR) assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TUG1 and HMGB1 were statistically elevated in the tissue of CCI rats, while miR-29b-3p was reduced. TUG1 competitively binds to miR-29b-3p to upregulate HMGB1 levels. Suppression of TUG1 persistently decreased PWL and PWT along with increased frequency of paw-lifting, whereas this alleviation was typically rescued by the abrogated miR-29b-3p. Analogously, knockdown of TUG1 inhibited CCI-induced overproduction of IL-6, IL-1b, and TNF-a, and reduction of IL-4 and IL-6, but this inhibition was partially abrogated by the reduction of miR-29b-3p.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Suppression TUG1 can alleviate NP hypersensitivity and neuroinflammation in CCI rats by competitively binding miR-29b-3p to weaken HMGB1.</p>","PeriodicalId":12370,"journal":{"name":"Folia neuropathologica","volume":" ","pages":"185-197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of components involved in cholesterol homeostasis maintenance during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rat spinal cord.","authors":"Smilja Todorovic, Katarina Milosevic, Ana Milosevic, Marija M Janjic, Srdjan J Sokanovic, Danijela Savic, Irena Lavrnja","doi":"10.5114/fn.2024.141376","DOIUrl":"10.5114/fn.2024.141376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysregulations in cholesterol homeostasis contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its best described animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Cholesterol is an important component of myelin, which is necessary for signal transmission between neurons. Demyelination leads to the formation of oxysterols, degradation products of cholesterol that are ligands for nuclear liver X receptors (LXRs). Genes regulated by LXRs are involved in cholesterol efflux, absorption, transport, and excretion, which we investigated in this study. In this study, we detected changes in gene expression of Srebf1, Ldlr, Soat1, Abca1, Lrp1, and Npc1, all of which are important in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, during the course of EAE in male and female rats. In particular, differential expression of Srebf1, Ldlr, and Soat1 was observed in the spinal cord of male and female rats during EAE. Moreover, these genes are altered during EAE. In contrast, the expression of Abca1 and Lrp1 was significantly affected only by sex. In male animals, the expression of Npc1 is conspicuously reduced in EAE pathology. Thus, our study confirms the involvement of enzymes of cholesterol metabolism in the pathophysiology of EAE, with sex and disease progression affecting the expression of these genes. These findings may improve the understanding of neurodegenerative diseases associated with impaired lipid metabolism in the brain, such as MS/EAE.</p>","PeriodicalId":12370,"journal":{"name":"Folia neuropathologica","volume":" ","pages":"148-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NAD+ attenuates central nervous system demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice.","authors":"Bin Zheng, Jianhua Ma, Xiao Deng, Jiangang Pan, Feng Liao","doi":"10.5114/fn.2025.147649","DOIUrl":"10.5114/fn.2025.147649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) supplementation attenuates demyelination in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. The aim of the study was to confirm the therapeutic effect of NAD + on the EAE model and investigate its protective mechanism. Mice were divided into 3 groups: EAE, EAE + NAD + , and Control (Ctrl). EAE and EAE + NAD + groups were induced with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) to initiate the demyelination process. The EAE + NAD + group received an NAD + injection at a dosage of 250 mg/kg/day. Clinical, neuroinflammation, and neurodemyelination scores were monitored. At the peak of onset, animals were euthanized, and mRNA expression level in the spinal cord was tested. NAD + supplementation promoted the conversion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) into T helper 17 (Th17) cells with increased concentrations of NAD + . NAD + alleviated neuroinflammation, attenuated central nervous system (CNS) demyelination, and improved the disease score of EAE mice. NAD + promoted expression of the cytokine interleukin 17A (IL-17A).</p>","PeriodicalId":12370,"journal":{"name":"Folia neuropathologica","volume":" ","pages":"345-354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145713920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}