Folia microbiologicaPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-06-28DOI: 10.1007/s12223-025-01287-z
Esra Gül Tursun, Taylan Bozok, Gönül Aslan
{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in non-tuberculous mycobacteria.","authors":"Esra Gül Tursun, Taylan Bozok, Gönül Aslan","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01287-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12223-025-01287-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are pathogens that are widely distributed in the environment and cause increasing rates of human infections. High levels of antimicrobial resistance shown by these bacteria complicate infection management and limit treatment options. The complex structure of cell walls and features such as biofilm formation are responsible for intrinsic resistance in NTMs. Antimicrobial resistance can be explained by four basic mechanisms: (i) limitation of drug uptake, meaning antibiotic entry is limited due to the presence of a hydrophobic and low permeability cell wall and a small number of porin channels, (ii) enzymatic modification of antibiotics, (iii) target site modification, (iv) efflux pumps, which prevent drug accumulation by actively expelling antibiotics from the cell and reduce treatment efficacy. For effective management of NTM infections, detailed understanding of resistance mechanisms, development of species-specific treatment protocols, and discovery of new antimicrobial agents are of great importance. In this review, the mechanisms causing drug resistance in NTMs will be reviewed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":"729-738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12476398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Folia microbiologicaPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1007/s12223-025-01292-2
Laurie Paulin, Didier Techer
{"title":"Application of a superpixel-based segmentation method to root micrographs for total fungal colonization rate estimation.","authors":"Laurie Paulin, Didier Techer","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01292-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12223-025-01292-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work illustrates a novel application of a supervised superpixel-based segmentation method for root micrograph classification and total fungal colonization rate estimation. Two procedures relying on successive classifier application on different root micrographs or on the same micrograph but with an increasing number of labels to be assigned to each picture element category are compared to a reference grid-intersect count method. Finally, supervised classification with at least 16 labels on the same picture appears as a convenient method for obtaining rapid and confident colonization rate estimates. We suggest this kind of method may be easily and routinely implemented for research or educational purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":"875-881"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatiotemporal diversity of bacterial endophyte microbiome of mandarin (Citrus reticulata) in the northern Persian Gulf and its HCN production and N<sub>2</sub> fixation.","authors":"Tahereh Sadat Hashemi, Jalal Soltani, Davood Samsampour, Majeed Askari Seyahooei, Mostafa Ghasemi","doi":"10.1007/s12223-024-01213-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12223-024-01213-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endophytes are symbionts that live in healthy plants and potentially improve the health of plant holobionts. Here, we investigated the bacterial endophyte community of Citrus reticulata grown in the northern Persian Gulf. Bacteria were isolated seasonally from healthy trees (root, stem, bark, trunk, leaf, and crown tissues) in four regions of Hormozgan province (i.e., Ahmadi, Siyahoo, Sikhoran, Roudan), a subtropical hot region in Iran. A total of 742 strains from 17 taxa, 3 phyla, and 5 orders were found, most of which belonged to Actinobacteria (Actinobacteriales) as the dominant group, followed by Firmicutes (Bacillales), Proteobacteria (Sphingomonadales, Rhizobiales), and Cyanobacteria (Synechoccales). The genera included Altererythrobacter, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Cellulosimicrobium, Curtobacterium, Kocuria, Kytococcus, Methylopila, Mycobacterium, Nocardioides, Okiabacterium, Paracraurococcus, and Psychrobacillus. The most frequently occurring species included Psychrobacillus psychrodurans, Kytococcus schroetri, and Bacillus cereus. In addition, the overall colonization frequency and variability of endophytes were higher on the trunks. The leaves showed the lowest species variability in all sampling periods. The frequency of endophyte colonization was also higher in summer. The Shannon-Wiener (H') and Simpson indices varied with all factors, i.e., region, season, and tissue type, with the maximum in Roudan. Furthermore, 52.9% of the strains were capable of nitrogen fixation, and 70% produced antagonistic hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Thus, C. reticulata harbors a variety of bioactive bacterial endophytes that could be beneficial for host fitness in such harsh environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":"797-809"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A scientific research training programme for teaching biomedical students to identify the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes.","authors":"Jiafang Fu, Peipei Zhang, Xunzhe Yin, Lingjia Zhu, Gongli Zong, Chuanqing Zhong, Guangxiang Cao","doi":"10.1007/s12223-024-01219-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12223-024-01219-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Worldwide prevalence of multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria is rapidly increasing, and the education of undergraduates and graduates about antibiotic resistance and its associated horizontal gene transfer is critical in the general effort to confront the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this study, a deeper understanding of antibiotic resistance and horizontal gene transfer was achieved by biomedical undergraduate students through a scientific research programme. The enthusiasm of students to participate in the training programme was very high, and results revealed that each student could identify the antibiotic resistance integrative and conjugative element from the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia MER1 genome. Each student could also draw the phylogenetic relationship of the antibiotic resistance integrative and conjugative element. In addition, students proved the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes from S. maltophilia MER1 to Escherichia coli strain 25DN through conjugation and PCR assays. Each group of students was able to obtain the expected results, indicating that the outcome of the scientific research programme was highly reproducible. This programme improved the theoretical knowledge about antibiotic resistance and horizontal gene transfer and the research skills of biomedical sciences students. Through this programme, students learned that antibiotic resistance genes can be horizontally transferred among different bacteria, laying a solid foundation for students to value the importance of the appropriate use of antibiotics in their future work and life.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":"811-821"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12476391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Folia microbiologicaPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-07-11DOI: 10.1007/s12223-025-01297-x
Nathalia de Freitas Michelon, José Valter Joaquim Silva Júnior, Rudi Weiblen, Eduardo Furtado Flores
{"title":"A novel and simple workflow for investigating Mycoplasma spp. contamination in cell cultures.","authors":"Nathalia de Freitas Michelon, José Valter Joaquim Silva Júnior, Rudi Weiblen, Eduardo Furtado Flores","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01297-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12223-025-01297-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycoplasma spp. contamination is a major concern in laboratories handling cell cultures, and routine detection methods are usually time-consuming, laborious and lack sensitivity. This study presents a streamlined workflow integrating rapid thermal DNA extraction (99 °C<sup>-1</sup> min) with a SYBR Green-based qPCR for Mycoplasma detection. High-coverage primers targeting an 86-bp region of the 16S rDNA were designed using 109 Mycoplasma spp. sequences from GeneBank. In silico analysis confirmed full primer annealing to major cell culture contaminants (M. arginini, M. hominis, M. orale, and M. hyorhinis). Upon thermal lysis and qPCR optimization, the yield of the protocol was equivalent to that of phenol-chloroform extraction plus qPCR, with a detection limit of 64 bacterial cells. Finally, the performance of the protocol was confirmed in cell cultures with known Mycoplasma spp. contamination, accurately reproducing the contamination status. Thus, the developed protocol provides a simple, rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive method for monitoring Mycoplasma spp. in cell cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":"883-889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144616862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chiranjib Chakraborty, Manojit Bhattacharya, Srijan Chatterjee, Sang-Soo Lee, Prosun Bhattacharya, Elijah Ige Ohimain, Zhi-Hong Wen, Arpita Das, Anu Rai, Ali Saber Abdelhameed, Govindasamy Agoramoorthy, Hatem Zayed, Siddappa N Byrareddy
{"title":"Comprehensive global-scale evaluation of the COVID-19 pandemic associated with 234 countries, territories, and sub-national locations during 2020-2024.","authors":"Chiranjib Chakraborty, Manojit Bhattacharya, Srijan Chatterjee, Sang-Soo Lee, Prosun Bhattacharya, Elijah Ige Ohimain, Zhi-Hong Wen, Arpita Das, Anu Rai, Ali Saber Abdelhameed, Govindasamy Agoramoorthy, Hatem Zayed, Siddappa N Byrareddy","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01299-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01299-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comprehensive estimation of COVID-19, including infection, death, excess mortality, case fatality rate (CFR), and infection fatality rate (IFR), is essential for understanding the pandemic's pattern. The location-specific estimates of infection, death, and excess mortality of COVID-19 from January 1, 2020, to February 11, 2024, and we have cumulative infections and cumulative deaths worldwide. Using the WHO dataset and Our World in Data, we estimated infection, mortality, excess mortality, CFR, and IFR in 234 countries and territories during COVID-19. We found a cumulative 0.774631 billion infections and 7.031 million deaths worldwide. The global highest infection peak was noted on December 25, 2022, with 42.5 million infection cases. Similarly, considering region-wise infection, cumulative infection was highest in Europe (428.4 M) and lowest in Africa (9.6 M). The global highest death peak was noted on January 24, 2021, with 103.7 K million deaths; this might be due to the spread of the Delta variant in some regions of Asia. Similarly, region-wise mortality was calculated. The considerable excess mortality pattern was noted in Europe, South America, and North America. Decreasing trends in excess mortality were noted in Oceania, Asia, and Africa. Our studies could be beneficial in formulating public health strategies and implementing policies about those regions, which are crucial to global health and will help future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phenotypic and genotypic ınvestigation of virulence factors in Klebsiella pneumoniae strains ısolated from ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) cases.","authors":"Besim Çam, Lokman Hizmali, Elif Sevim","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01302-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01302-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen that normally resides in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals, as well as on water and plant surfaces. It can cause a variety of infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. K. pneumoniae possesses numerous virulence factors including capsular polysaccharides, hemolysin production, erythrocyte agglutination, hypermucoviscosity (HV), biofilm formation, fimbriae, toxins, and siderophores. This study aimed to determine the virulence factors of K. pneumoniae strains isolated from cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). A total of 19 K. pneumoniae isolates identified using the VITEK system and obtained from tracheal aspirate cultures of patients on mechanical ventilation in the ıntensive care unit of Kırşehir Ahi Evran Training and Research Hospital between 2022 and 2023 were included in the study. The presence of capsule, hemagglutination, and biofilm formation was detected in 100%, 100%, and 52.63% of the isolates, respectively. The virulence genes uge, wabG, ycfM, fimH, mrkD, ureA, iutA, ybtA, entB, and fyuA were present in 100% of the isolates; kpn was detected in 52.63%, and kfuBC in 94.73%. In contrast, the rmpA, wcaG, iroN, iroD, alls, and cnf-1 genes were not detected in any of the isolates. The findings of this study may serve as a guide for pathogen-targeted therapy and the development of preventive strategies against VAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marta Stindlova, Vaclav Peroutka, Kamila Zdenkova, Simona Lencova
{"title":"Assessing metabolic activity of yeast biofilm-forming cells on nanofibrous materials using MTT assay.","authors":"Marta Stindlova, Vaclav Peroutka, Kamila Zdenkova, Simona Lencova","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01304-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01304-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanofibrous materials (NMs), widely used in medical and food industry applications, are highly susceptible to colonisation by microorganisms, including yeasts. Although yeasts can form dense biofilms, methods for studying their metabolic activity remain limited. This study is the first to apply the MTT assay, a standardised method for assessing cell metabolic activity, to evaluate the metabolic activity of yeast biofilm-forming cells on electrospun NMs. First, the biofilm formation of Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on NMs electrospun from polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactic acid (PLA), and polyamide (PA) was examined. Then, key parameters of the MTT assay were systematically evaluated: (i) the addition of glucose to the MTT solution, (ii) the presence of menadione in the MTT solution, and (iii) the incubation time with the MTT solution. The addition of glucose was not proven necessary; however, in some cases, it may help distinguish the number of metabolically active cells. Based on this study, we recommend incubation with an MTT solution containing menadione for 2 h. To verify the protocol, colony-forming unit (CFU) enumeration was employed as a reference method. As differences between the results of these two methods were observed, the MTT assay should be complemented by other standardised methods. Nevertheless, the refined protocol offers a solid basis for investigating interactions between NMs and yeasts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The development of an acetic acid-degrading microbial strain that tolerates 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.","authors":"Loveleen Kaur, Dinesh Raj Modi","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01306-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01306-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anthropogenic organic compounds are extensively utilized in agriculture as pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides. For over 30 years, the predominant herbicides utilized globally have been phenoxy acid herbicides, particularly 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). In the present study, microbial strains were isolated from contaminated agricultural soil samples to examine the impact of herbicides on growth and degradation under various parameters and environmental conditions. Five microbial strains were isolated from contaminated soil samples containing herbicides. The bacterial strain Micrococcus luteus LKDA1 demonstrated the ability to utilize MCPA and 2,4-D as carbon sources, achieving complete degradation of these compounds despite a lower cell growth rate. Under optimum conditions, a prolonged lag phase of 4 to 6 h was observed in enriched medium containing herbicides, whereas in minimal medium, cell growth reached maximum absorbance of 0.30 at 600 nm at 30 °C effectively degrading 98% of each herbicide individually after 5 days of incubation. Higher concentrations of 2,4-D have a toxic effect on cell growth; nonetheless, the degradation rate was 99%, suggesting that strain LKDA1 was able to tolerate higher concentrations easily. Micrococcus luteus LKDA1 achieved a 99% degradation rate of MCPA at a maximum concentration of 700 mg/L. Herbicide compounds belong to the same family yet exhibit opposing effects on the cell survival rates, with 2,4-D being damaging and MCPA promoting survival. Micrococcus luteus LKDA1 degrades 2,4-D and MCPA even with a reduced cell population; it can tolerate these compounds and utilize them as a sole carbon source for survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sebastian Kubica, Weronika Szulińska, Celina Kruszniewska-Rajs, Magdalena Kimsa-Dudek, Alina Olender, Agnieszka Bogut, Magdalena Szukała, Wojciech Dąbrowski, Daniel Pietrzak, Mariusz Gagoś, Joanna Magdalena Gola
{"title":"Whole genome sequencing analysis of Candida glabrata isolates collected from patients with selected drug-resistant candidiasis hospitalized in Eastern Poland.","authors":"Sebastian Kubica, Weronika Szulińska, Celina Kruszniewska-Rajs, Magdalena Kimsa-Dudek, Alina Olender, Agnieszka Bogut, Magdalena Szukała, Wojciech Dąbrowski, Daniel Pietrzak, Mariusz Gagoś, Joanna Magdalena Gola","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01298-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01298-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The epidemiology data for candidiasis indicate an increase in Candida glabrata infections. Moreover, several reports have shown an increasing number of drug-resistant cases of these infections. The source of drug resistance can often be traced to genetic mutations in genes related to a drug's mechanism of action. Therefore, we conducted whole genome sequencing of several drug-resistant isolates of Candida glabrata collected from patients hospitalized in Eastern Poland to assess whether mutations in selected genes correlated with susceptibility analysis results. The fungal species from patient samples were identified, and the isolated Candida glabrata were subjected to antifungal drug susceptibility testing. The results were interpreted according to the EUCAST and CLSI recommendations. Susceptibility to 5-flucytosine was assessed using the ATB FUNGUS kit. Libraries were prepared according to the NEXTERA XT DNA Library Prep and subsequently sequenced. The outcomes indicated common resistance to two of the three analyzed echinocandins, as well as two cases of simultaneous resistance to echinocandins and selected azole-based drugs. We detected several previously reported mutations in selected resistance-related genes, as well as five that are first described here: ERG5 (M267I), ERG6 (R57K), PDH1 (K438Q, V434I, F600V, V1192S), FCY1 (M129T), and FCY2 (I384F). Neither of the identified nonsynonymous mutations was correlated with the drug resistance demonstrated in the susceptibility testing. Furthermore, we can exclude the possibility of acquired drug resistance, thereby raising questions about the possibility of unknown mechanisms of resistance to azole-based and echinocandin drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}