{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Biocomposite Gears Under Fatigue and Wear: Steel Drive Gear Versus Biocomposite Drive Gear and Biocomposite Drive Gear Versus Biocomposite Gear","authors":"Matija Hriberšek, Simon Kulovec, Lotfi Toubal","doi":"10.1111/ffe.14590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.14590","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Modern trends in using materials for drive applications encourage new research and solutions based on green materials. To expand the use of these materials in specific industrial environments, it is essential to understand their properties, which are determined through basic laboratory tests that simulate the product's real operation. Evaluating the performance of these materials on test specimens and real parts, such as gears, will enable precise optimization for specific applications. This paper presents systematic fatigue and wear characterization of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) reinforced with 30% birch natural wood fibers for selected gear pair cases. The results showed that using the material in combination with a drive steel gear is more desirable than using the same material in a gear pair. The calculated wear coefficient of the biobased composite is comparable to numerical values of wear coefficients for engineering polymer materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":12298,"journal":{"name":"Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures","volume":"48 4","pages":"1768-1781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ffe.14590","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prakash Bharadwaj, Suneel K. Gupta, Punit Arora, J. Chattopadhyay
{"title":"Proposing a New Crack Driving Force Parameter for Fatigue Crack Growth Rate of C–Mn Steel","authors":"Prakash Bharadwaj, Suneel K. Gupta, Punit Arora, J. Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1111/ffe.14585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.14585","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study is aimed at analyzing the fatigue crack growth rate data on compact tension (CT) and three-point-bend (TPB) specimens of C–Mn steel under different positive load ratios. Detailed elastic–plastic finite element analyses have been performed using nonlinear kinematic hardening rule of Chaboche material model. The numerically calculated plastic zone ahead of crack tip has been compared with measured plastic zone using digital image correlation technique. The fatigue crack growth rate curves have been analyzed with respect to different crack driving forces such as (i) single-parameter stress intensity factor (SIF) range, (ii) two-parameter-based SIF (\u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>K</mi>\u0000 <mo>*</mo>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {K}&#x0005E;{ast } $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>), and (iii) cyclic plasticity zone–based models. A new crack driving force has been proposed considering cyclic plastic zone and representative plastic strain accumulation within this zone. The \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>K</mi>\u0000 <mo>*</mo>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {K}&#x0005E;{ast } $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> parameter and proposed model resulted in improved assessments for different load ratios and constraint geometries (CT and TPB).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12298,"journal":{"name":"Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures","volume":"48 4","pages":"1712-1724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal Damage Impact on Negative Poisson's Ratio of Granite Under Brazilian Tensile Loading","authors":"Tianzuo Wang, Jisha Wang, Fei Xue, Xiaolin Huang, Zhongqin Lin, Zhu Liang","doi":"10.1111/ffe.14589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.14589","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the effects of thermal damage on the tensile behavior of granite during Brazilian splitting tests, focusing on the negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) effect. Using digital image correlation and acoustic emission techniques, the research reveals that increasing thermal damage from 25°C to 800°C reduces granite tensile strength by up to 85.7% and induces a brittle-to-ductile transition. The NPR effect emerges, intensifies, and subsequently disappears as temperature increases, significantly altering stress distribution and deformation patterns. Local contraction zones created by the NPR effect can lead to overestimation of tensile strength in thermally damaged rock. Acoustic emission monitoring demonstrates a strong correlation between the NPR effect and microcrack development. These findings advance the understanding of rock mechanical behavior under thermal damage and provide practical insights for tensile strength evaluation in high-temperature geological settings, such as deep underground energy development and nuclear waste disposal.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12298,"journal":{"name":"Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures","volume":"48 4","pages":"1725-1740"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of Crack-Tip Field in Orthotropic Compact Tension Shear Specimens: The Role of Elastic Mode Mixity and T-Stress","authors":"Pengfei Jin, Xianghao Duan, Ce Luo, Qi Guo, Zheng Liu, Xin Wang, Xu Chen","doi":"10.1111/ffe.14577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.14577","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis of mixed-mode crack propagation mechanisms in anisotropic materials remains a pivotal research focus. Although the compact tension shear (CTS) test is a recommended laboratory method, the lack of solutions for anisotropic crack-tip field parameters hinders accurate assessment of stress states and deformations during crack propagation. To address this gap, this study conducted a systematic finite element analysis (FEA) to compute the elastic mode mixity and <i>T</i>-stress results. It is found that by adjusting the loading angle along with the initial crack length, CTS tests on orthotropic specimens can similarly achieve a broad spectrum of <i>M</i><sub><i>e</i></sub> at the crack-tip. Statistical analysis indicates that applying isotropic solutions to estimate orthotropic <i>T</i>-stress can lead to average errors of 234.1%. Subsequently, crack-tip fields were analyzed, with crack initiation angles predicted using the maximum tangential stress (MTS) criterion and plastic zone profiles determined based on Hill's yield criterion. Larger fracture process zones enhance <i>T</i>-stress correction effects on crack initiation angles, with positive <i>T</i> intensifying crack deflection, while negative <i>T</i> reduces it. Additionally, <i>T</i> also significantly affects the plastic zone's shape and size, with patterns varying according to material orthotropy. A detailed multiparameter characterization of crack-tip fields will enhance the use of the CTS test for assessing multiaxial strength and mixed-mode fracture mechanisms in anisotropic materials.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12298,"journal":{"name":"Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures","volume":"48 4","pages":"1741-1757"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yousef Ghanbari, Amir Reza Fatolahi, Hadi Khoramishad
{"title":"Enhancing Fracture Performance of Non-Conductive Composite Adhesively Bonded Joints With Magnetically Aligned MWCNT/Fe₃O₄ Hybrid Nanofillers","authors":"Yousef Ghanbari, Amir Reza Fatolahi, Hadi Khoramishad","doi":"10.1111/ffe.14567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.14567","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Mode-I fracture behavior of non-conductive composite adhesively bonded joints (ABJs) reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotube/iron oxide (MWCNT/Fe₃O₄) hybrid nanofillers aligned in different directions was studied using double cantilever beam (DCB) tests. Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were chemically coated onto MWCNTs to explore the practical potential of these produced magnetically controllable nanofillers in high-tech industries that require precise nanofiller alignment in specific directions. Nanofillers were aligned within the ABJ adhesive layer using a low magnetic field at 0°, 45°, and 90° relative to the crack growth path, verified by Raman spectroscopy. ABJs with 90° alignment exhibited the highest fracture energy, surpassing unreinforced and randomly dispersed specimens by 136% and 41%, respectively. In contrast, 0°-alignment showed the lowest fracture energy, while 45° alignment demonstrated intermediate performance. Cohesive zone modeling simulated the ABJ damage behavior, and the effects of nanofiller alignment on macro and microscale fracture mechanisms were assessed using optical and scanning electron microscopy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12298,"journal":{"name":"Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures","volume":"48 4","pages":"1667-1680"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Karthick, P. M. Radhakrishnan, K. Ramajeyathilagam
{"title":"Influence of Low-Velocity Impact Damage on Residual Strength and Fatigue Behavior of GFRP Composites","authors":"P. Karthick, P. M. Radhakrishnan, K. Ramajeyathilagam","doi":"10.1111/ffe.14584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.14584","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Predicting the residual strength of structures subjected to low-velocity impact is one of the most difficult problems. Therefore, the residual static strength of the damaged specimens with 5- and 10-J impact energy was assessed by corresponding tension, compression, in-plane shear, bending tests, and residual fatigue life using tension–tension fatigue test for three stress levels at a stress ratio of 0.1. The reduction in strength is more for 10-J impact and found to be more than 50% for tensile and compressive, 40% for bending, and around 27% for shear loading compared to unimpacted specimens. Deterioration of fatigue stiffness, progression of cyclic creep strain, and fluctuations in hysteresis loop under cyclic loading have been reported. Furthermore, the fatigue life of impacted specimens has been predicted using analytical models, demonstrating strong concordance with the experimental stress-life curve. Moreover, the design fatigue life at varying reliability levels has been estimated by a statistical method.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12298,"journal":{"name":"Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures","volume":"48 4","pages":"1681-1696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring Damage and Penetration in Soft Armors Under Ballistic Impact Through a Novel and Efficient 3D Peridynamic Model","authors":"Daud Ali Abdoh","doi":"10.1111/ffe.14580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.14580","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study focuses on improving soft body armor design for military and law enforcement personnel by developing a robust numerical model to simulate its response to projectile impacts. We introduce a novel and efficient 3D peridynamic model to simulate penetration and deformation in soft body armor fibers. The 3D peridynamic model overcomes the deficiency of using mesh-based methods to simulate the excessive deformation of soft armor fibers. We confirm the validity and efficiency of the 3D peridynamic model by comparing its predictions with experimental and numerical results. After validation, the model assesses armor performance under various conditions, including bullet types and velocities. Results show that Kevlar armor with a 0.4-mm thickness can stop bullets with impact velocities below 200 m/s but is ineffective against higher-velocity bullets. The 3D peridynamic model can be utilized in armor optimization for military and law enforcement agencies regarding armor selection based on threat levels.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12298,"journal":{"name":"Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures","volume":"48 4","pages":"1697-1711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantitative Review of Critical Plane Criteria and Stress Analysis Approaches for Multiaxial Fatigue of Welded Joints","authors":"Chin Tze Ng, Luca Susmel","doi":"10.1111/ffe.14571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.14571","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This quantitative review evaluates the effectiveness of stress-based critical plane criteria, specifically Findley's criterion, the approach due to Carpinteri–Spagnoli (CS), and the Modified Wöhler Curve Method (MWCM), in assessing fatigue strength in aluminum and steel welded joints subjected to constant amplitude (CA) and variable amplitude (VA) multiaxial loading. These criteria were analyzed alongside stress analysis approaches, including nominal stress (NS), hot-spot stress (HSS), effective notch stress (ENS), and the Theory of Critical Distances–Point Method (TCD PM). Results confirm that all criteria effectively estimate fatigue life for steel welded joints under CA loading, with MWCM combined with HSS proving most accurate. For aluminum joints, estimations showed greater conservatism and scatter, highlighting the need for further experimental data to improve accuracy. Experimentally calibrated constants significantly enhanced prediction reliability. Future research should refine these criteria for diverse aluminum grades and thicknesses, ensuring accurate estimations and robust alternatives to established codes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12298,"journal":{"name":"Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures","volume":"48 4","pages":"1393-1428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ffe.14571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcos Antonio Bergant, Sergio Raúl Soria, Raúl Ignacio Bustos, Hugo Ramón Soul, Alejandro Andrés Yawny
{"title":"On the Relative Significance of Roughness, Printing Defects and Microstructure on the Fatigue Behavior of Electron Beam Melted Ti-6Al-4V","authors":"Marcos Antonio Bergant, Sergio Raúl Soria, Raúl Ignacio Bustos, Hugo Ramón Soul, Alejandro Andrés Yawny","doi":"10.1111/ffe.14565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.14565","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In contrast, but complementary to previous studies, this study examines the fatigue behavior in Ti-6Al-4V obtained by electron beam powder bed fusion, focusing on damage initiation sites, fatigue damage progression, and correlating these with fatigue life curves. Three material conditions were considered: as-built specimens with original surfaces after printing (AB), as-built specimens with a machined and polished surface (MP), and hot isostatic pressed specimens with a machined and polished surface (H). Fatigue fracture surface topography was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and surface metrology microscopy. Different fatigue responses were observed, with crack initiation at surface roughness in AB, lack of fusion defects in MP, and phase facet formation in H specimens. Interaction between cracks and manufacturing defects was investigated. Kitagawa-Takahashi diagrams were applied successfully to AB and MP specimens. This study aims to enhance understanding of crack initiation and interaction mechanisms, improving life prediction capabilities through microstructure and defect-sensitive modeling.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12298,"journal":{"name":"Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures","volume":"48 4","pages":"1647-1666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongdong Chang, Tianfeng Fan, Zheng An, Xiaofa Yang, Yuxiang Lu, Xuanxuan Han, Wenqi Lin, Hong Zuo, Yingxuan Dong
{"title":"Experimental Research on Characterizing Elastic–Plastic Mixed-Mode Crack Extension Based on Ultimate Elastic Strain Energy Storage","authors":"Dongdong Chang, Tianfeng Fan, Zheng An, Xiaofa Yang, Yuxiang Lu, Xuanxuan Han, Wenqi Lin, Hong Zuo, Yingxuan Dong","doi":"10.1111/ffe.14572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.14572","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper proposes a new insight into describing elastic–plastic mixed-mode crack extension based on ultimate elastic strain energy storage (ESES). The experimental fixture and specimen are specially designed and processed, and a series of experiments of mixed-mode I–II crack extension are conducted with different loading angles. It is found that the ultimate ESES invariably decreases as the crack length increases during mixed-mode crack extension with different loading angles, whereas the ultimate elastic strain energy storage release rate (ESESRR) is demonstrated to be stable in various loading angles. Moreover, the magnitude of the initial ultimate ESES can measure the difficulty of crack initiation, and its value is affected by loading conditions and specimen shape. Eventually, the theoretical and experimental values of the ultimate ESESRR fit well by excluding three nonnegligible physical factors. Therefore, the ultimate ESESRR provides a new perspective to characterize mixed-mode I–II crack extension in elastic–plastic materials.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12298,"journal":{"name":"Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures","volume":"48 4","pages":"1630-1646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}