Experimental pathology最新文献

{"title":"LIGHT DEPREVATION INFLUENCE ON MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF NEURONS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS SUPRAOPTIC NUCLEI IN RATS","authors":"O. Smetaniuk, R. Bulyk, T. Bulyk, М.І. Kryvchanska","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.9","url":null,"abstract":"The supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus is one of the key neurosecretorylinks that ensure the joining of the nervous and endocrine regulation mechanismsinto the general neuroendocrine system, thereby participating in the realization of thebody’s response to experimental influences. Despite deep and comprehensive studies ofthe hypothalamus, until now there are no unified ideas about its individual reactivityand the degree of involvement of these structures in the stress response, caused by prolonged exposure to constant darkness (light deprivation).The aim of this work is to study the effect of light deprivation on the morphofunctionalstate of the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus in rats.Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on nonlinear male white rats,which were divided into 2 series of studies, biomaterial sampling of which was taken at14.00 and 02.00 h using morphofunctional and statistical research methods.Results. The study of the morphometric characteristics of the neurons of thehypothalamus SON revealed the diurnal dynamics of indices. Under the light regime12.00C:12.00T, a daily rhythm of the morpho-functional activity of SON neurons witha maximum activity is registered in rats in the daytime.When the animals were kept under conditions of constant darkness (00C:24.00T), anincrease in the size of its nucleus 21.1±2.4% (r=0.73), caused by an increase in thearea of the neuron nucleolus (r=0.89), which constituted 61.94±7.07 µm2, was revealedat 14.00. Attention was also drawn to a significant decrease in the nuclear-cytoplasmicratio (NCR) relative to intact animals, which constituted 2.07±0.041 units. Lightdeprivation led at 14.00 to a significant RNA concentration decrease in the nucleus35.3±2.1%, and in the nucleolus 26.6±1.9%.The studies, carried out at 02.00 h, revealed that the area of the neuron nucleuswas 98.33±5.40µm2and significantly larger than that in the intact animals. Thesechanges were accompanied by an increase in the area of the nucleolus, which was48.90±6.892µm2(r=0.87) and the area of the neuron cytoplasm, which was within217.61±7.19 µm2(r=0.91). The NCR of a neuron in the SON of the hypothalamus at02:00 was lower than that in the intact animals 2.67±0.17%. A significant increasein RNA concentration in the nucleus, nucleolus and cytoplasm of neurons in thehypothalamic SON was noted relative to the indices of animals of the previous timeinterval, which were under conditions of constant darkness.Compared to the daytime period (14.00 h), up to 02.90 h, NCR increase was revealedin the nighttime observation period in the neurons under study, which constituted2.55±0.022 units.Conclusions. 1. Photoperiod duration significantly affects the daily activity of thehypothalamus SON. 2. Permanent darkness (light deprivation) does not lead to aninversion of the rhythm of the morphofunctional activity of the neurons under study,the maximum values, as in intact animals, are registered in the daytime interval. ","PeriodicalId":12291,"journal":{"name":"Experimental pathology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90387675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AUTOLOGICAL CELL THERAPY AND ITS ROLE IN THE TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY ANGINA","authors":"S. I. Эстрин, T. Kravchenko, A. Pechenenko","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.4","url":null,"abstract":"The first clinical studies dedicated to the use of autological mesenchymal stem сells(MSCs) for the treatment of angina by means of their intravenous and transendocardialinjection is carried out in State Institution «Institute of Urgent and Recovery Surgerynamed after V.K. Gusak of National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine» since 2007.The effectiveness of autological mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was researched in 60patients, and it was established that injection of 50 million of cells per a person withrefractory angina is an effective and a safe method of treatment. The results of clinicalresearch have shown that the delivery of MSCs to the lesion provides restoring ofmyocardial function and influences on the left ventricular remodeling.Objective – to substantiate the effectiveness of autological MSCs in the treatment ofrefractory angina.Material and methods. The results of examination, treatment and observation of 60patients with refractory angina (52 men and 8 women aged from 46 to 70 years) since2007 to 2012 are performed in the article.Results. We obtained the following data while studying of the dynamics of left ventricularend diastolic volume (LVEDV), which is a prognostic factor of the course of heart failure(HF). The decrease of LVEDV from 248.5 ± 22.3 to 194.3 ± 26.4 ml was observed inthe group of patients 3 months later after endocardial injection. This rate was stable 6months later after an injection, but lower than the initial one (p value > 0.05). A similartrend was observed in the group of intravenous injection . LVEDV decreased from 244.1± 24.3 to 193.4 ± 18.9 ml within 3 months and remained stable up to 6 months but lowerto the rate that was observed before the treatment with a trend to increasing to the initiallevel. Ultrasound studying of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients of transendocardial injection of cell transplant showed an increasing of LVEF from 41.3 ±3.2 to 49.3 ± 4.6% 3 months later after the procedure and it was stable up to 6 months ofthe posttransplant period. LVEF is also increased in the group of intravenous transplantadmission (from 33.8 ± 3.6 to 42.8 ± 4.8%) after procedure, with its gradually decreasingin terms of 3 months, LVEF approaches the starting values up to 6 months after celltransplantation.Conclusions. The received clinical data have shown that MSCs facilitate the restoringof mechanical myocardial function and influence left ventricular remodeling aftertheir admission to the lesion zone. This effect has been confirmed according to cardiacechocardiography, treadmill-test, electromechanical mapping of the LV. The positiveeffect was remaining for 6 months. The received data allows to recommend the clinicaluse of biotechnology in ischemic heart disease treatment.","PeriodicalId":12291,"journal":{"name":"Experimental pathology","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85609327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PATHOHISTOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF THE FORMATION OF IRON OVERLOAD SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH STEATOHEPATITIS DEPENDING ON ITS ETIOLOGY","authors":"T. Antofiichuk, I. Davydenko, O. Khukhlina, N. P. Antofiichuk, V. S. Haidychuk","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.1","url":null,"abstract":"The aim – to study some histopathological features of the iron overload syndromeformation in patients suffering from steatohepatitis depending on its etiology.Material and methods. Liver biopsies were analyzed in 30 patients with nonalcoholicsteatohepatitis (NASH) and 20 patients with alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH). Themorphological examination of the liver was carried out according to the standardmethods. The histopathological features of the liver were established on the basis ofthe method of staining with hematoxylin and eosin, with the confirmation, in case ofnecessity, by the histochemical methods - staining for fat (the method with Sudan-III) andcollagen fibers (the method with chromotropic-water blue according to N.Z Slinchenko).Microspectrophotometric studies were conducted using a cytological analyzer withsoftware \"VideoTest - Size 5.0\" (2000).Results. The same regularities for both trivalent iron and twovalent iron were revealed asa whole in the liver cells at histological investigations, that is in ASH the optical densityis at the average 1.3 (p<0.05) times higher than in NASH. The staining on trivalent ironis less intensive, than on the twovalent iron. There is probable iron overload syndrome inthe alcoholic steatohepatitis patients with increased uptake of it both 2+- and 3+- valentforms in the liver cells – reticuloendotheliocytes and hepatocytesConclusions. Iron overload syndrome with increased uptake of it for both 2+- and3+-valent takes place in the liver cells – endotheliocytes and hepatocytes – in patientswith alcoholic steatohepatitis. At alcoholic steatohepatitis the optical density withhistochemical staining on iron 2+ in reticuloendotheliocytes of the liver is 1.2 times andin hepatocytes – 1.3 times higher than at non-alcoholic steatohepatitis irrespective ofthe presence or absence of anemia. At alcoholic steatohepatitis the optical density ofhistochemical iron staining 3+ in reticuloendotheliocytes of the liver and hepatocytesis 1.3 times higher than in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and is irrespective of anemiapresence as well.","PeriodicalId":12291,"journal":{"name":"Experimental pathology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81336972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOME DISCUSSION ISSUES OF THE HYPOTHYROIDISM PROBLEM","authors":"P. M. Lіаshuk, R. P. Lіаshuk, I. V. Skhodnуtskуi","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.15","url":null,"abstract":"The notion “subclinical hypothyroidism”, its significance in the genesis of metabolismdisorders, debatable approaches to the treatment as well as the role of the thyroidgland hypofunction in pathogenesis of the menstrual cycle disorders and infertility onthe example of the own clinical observation is given in the article.Objective – to designate the criteria for diagnosis and approaches to the treatmentof subclinical hypothyroidism, as well as to confirm the role of the manifestedhypothyroidism in the pathogenesis of the reproductive function disorders in women.Conclusions. 1. The thyroid gland hypofunction plays a significant role in the genesisof metabolic changes and development of the menstrual cycle disorders, galactorrheaand infertility. 2. The problem of hypothyroidism in general and, subclinicalhypothyroidism, in particular, requires further study in order to reduce the risk ofmetabolic diseases development.","PeriodicalId":12291,"journal":{"name":"Experimental pathology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86519442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MEDICAL AND SOCIAL JUSTIFICATION OF MULTI-FACTOR PREVENTION OF MAJOR NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES","authors":"L. Vlasyk","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – to substantiate and propose a model of multi-factor prevention of majornoncommunicable diseases (NCDs) at the level of primary health care (PHC).Material and methods. The analysis of the results of a cross-sectional sociologicalstudy (N=1252); copying from the medical documentation of inpatients (n=1543) andtheir survey data (n=57) were the materials and basis for the development of the model.Content analysis, conceptual modelling method, and statistical methods (PIVOT, χ2test,step-by-step logistic regression analysis) were used.Results. The prevalence of combined pathology of NCDs was determined on the exampleof hospitalized patients. The importance of taking into account the age and results ofthe primary screening in the formation of the COPD risk group and the possibility ofsupplementing it with an assessment of the risk of fatal complications of cardiovasculardiseases on the SCORE scale is proved. Features of prevalence and combination ofrisk factors (RF) and the major NCDs among the economically active population arerevealed. It was found that with the same targeted preventive consultation of patients byPHC and specialized medical care doctors, the effectiveness of interventions significantlyincreases. The key to the high effectiveness of prevention is proved to be coordinatedcooperation between medical professionals at different levels of medical care and patientand their families.Conclusions. The proposed model of multi-factor prevention of major NCDs is based ona patient-oriented approach, taking into account the combined RF and major NCDs. Theprinciple of an integrated approach and the complexity of interventions is ensured bylayering all types of prevention provided by PHC in cooperation with specialized medicalcare and the public health service.","PeriodicalId":12291,"journal":{"name":"Experimental pathology","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82158377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERIPARTUM CARDIOMYOPATHY – A CLINICAL CASE","authors":"І.Т. Rusnak, V. Tashchuk, N. Slyvka, V. Kulachek, Y. Kulachek","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.19","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a clinical case of peripartum cardiomyopathy in a 21-year-oldpatient with a gestational age of 32 weeks, accompanied by clinical manifestationsof heart failure and Lown-Ganong-Levine (LGL) syndrome. The patient underwentlaboratory and instrumental examinations, including echocardiography and Holtermonitoring. Thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy was ruled out in the process of differentialdiagnosis. The final diagnosis and management of the patient were determinedafter consultation with the State Institution \"Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics andGynecology, named after Academician O.M. Lukyanova, of the National Academy ofMedical Sciences of Ukraine\". Medical treatment significantly improved the patient'scondition and vaginal delivery went without complications. Manifestations of theperipartum cardiomyopathy gradually regressed and completely disappeared 6 monthsafter delivery.This case indicates the importance of timely diagnosis of peripartum cardiomyopathyfor a positive prognosis of patients.","PeriodicalId":12291,"journal":{"name":"Experimental pathology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78199807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CAUSATIVE-INVESTIGATORY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BOWELS MICROBIOTA AND CLINICAL COURSE OF ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION DAMAGE OF THE BRAIN","authors":"S. Tkachuk, M. Povar, V. Shtefaniuk, O. Tkachuk","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.17","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose – to carry out the analysis of the current data concerning relationships inthe “bowels microbiota-brain” system at ischemia-reperfusion damages of the brain.Conclusions.1. The analysis of the literature data testify to the views discrepancy, existing today, on therole of the bowels dysbacteriosis (neuroprotective or neurodegenerative) in the clinicalcourse of ischemic damages of the brain.2. Numerous experimental investigations substantiated the bowels microbiota role:homeostasis derangements of T-cells, which have the determined role in the secondaryneuroinflammation following cerebral ischemia; in the ratio change of their subpopulationsTreg-Th17 and migration of the bowels lymphocytes into the ischemic brain.","PeriodicalId":12291,"journal":{"name":"Experimental pathology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78878811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REGULARITY OF CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF ACIDITY, HELICOBACTER INFECTION AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN THE FORM OF HEARTBURN IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC NON-ATROPHIC GASTRITIS BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT WITHOUT USE OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS","authors":"A. A. Avramenko","doi":"10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-4338.XIX.4.74.2020.18","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work – to study the regularity of changes in the level of acidity, H.pylori infection and the clinical manifestation of heartburn in patients with chronic nonatrophic gastritis before and after treatment that did not include proton pump inhibitors.Material and methods. We have analyzed the results of a comprehensive examinationof 38 patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis, suffering from heartburn, before andafter treatment that did not include proton pump inhibitors. Comprehensive examinationbefore treatment included a step-by-step pH-metry, esophagogastroduodenoscopy,double testing for Helicobacter pylori infection (urease test and microscopy of the stainedsmears-prints) using mucosal biopsy specimens from 4 topographic zones of the stomach;histological examination of the gastric mucosa, material for which was taken from thesame areas, and HELIC test. After the treatment, pH-meter control and HELIС test wereperformed.Results. When carrying out a comparative characteristic of the obtained data, ithasbeen found that the average level of acidity after the treatment increased from moderateminimal hypoacidity to pronounced absolute hyperacidity, while the average level ofcontamination of the gastric mucosa by H. pylori infection, tracked by the level of theHELIC test, decreased from 16.4 ± 0.12 mm to 2.3 ± 0.12 mm, and the \"heartburn\"symptom disappeared in 100% of cases.Conclusions. In the formation of the “heartburn”symptom in patients with chronicnon-atrophic gastritis, the leading factor is the level of ammonia produced by H. pyloriinfection.","PeriodicalId":12291,"journal":{"name":"Experimental pathology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76816106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal Effects of PC945, a Novel Inhaled Triazole, on Candida albicans Pulmonary Infection in Immunocompromised Mice","authors":"Y. Nishimoto, Kazuhiro Ito, Genki Kimura, K. Lucas, Leah Daly, P. Strong, Y. Kizawa","doi":"10.33696/PATHOLOGY.2.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/PATHOLOGY.2.011","url":null,"abstract":"Candida spp. are often detected from fungal cultures or mycobiome analysis of respiratory secretions, but are not usually treated since, even if detected persistently, the presence is assumed to be benign colonization unless invasive candidiasis in deeply immunocompromised subjects is suspected. Thus, although antifungal therapy is standard treatment for Candida infections observed in other organs such as the vagina and skin, no practical guidelines to treat Candida infection in the respiratory tract, except for invasive candidiasis, have been developed [1,2]. Abstract","PeriodicalId":12291,"journal":{"name":"Experimental pathology","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80940449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenosarcoma of Uterus with Sarcomatous Overgrowth and Rhabdomyoblastic Differentiation - A Rare Pathological Entity","authors":"G. Sharma, Prachi","doi":"10.33696/PATHOLOGY.2.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/PATHOLOGY.2.014","url":null,"abstract":"Uterine adenosarcoma is a rare malignancy. It is defined as a biphasic tumor composed of both sarcomatous stroma and benign epithelial components. When the sarcomatous component occupies more than 25 % of the tumor then it is referred to as the sarcomatous overgrowth which accounts to about 10% of uterine adenosarcoma cases [1]. Usually, adenosarcoma is considered a tumor of low malignant potential. But the sarcomatous overgrowth variant presents as a high-grade sarcoma and so reduces the survival rate of the patient.","PeriodicalId":12291,"journal":{"name":"Experimental pathology","volume":"415 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77765248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}