Folia Horticulturae最新文献

{"title":"Zinc oxide and silver effects on the growth, pigment content and genetic stability of chrysanthemums propagated by the node culture method","authors":"Alicja Tymoszuk, Urszula Szałaj, Jacek Wojnarowicz, Jolanta Kowalska, Małgorzata Antkowiak, Dariusz Kulus","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0003","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes benefits of the application of zinc oxide submicron particles (ZnO SMPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and ZnO NPs combined with silver NPs (ZnO + Ag NPs) in chrysanthemum micropropagation. Single node explants of <jats:italic>Chrysanthemum</jats:italic> × <jats:italic>morifolium</jats:italic> (Ramat.) Hemsl. ‘UTP Burgundy Gold (UBG)’ and ‘UTP Pinky Gold (UPG)’ were inoculated on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium and treated with 100 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, 200 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, or 400 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ZnO SMPs, ZnO NPs (1.5% H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O), ZnO NPs (6% H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O), ZnO + 0.1% Ag NPs (1.5% H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O), ZnO + 0.1% Ag NPs (6% H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O), ZnO + 1% Ag NPs (1.5% H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O) and ZnO + 1% Ag NPs (6% H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O). Generally, the tested materials stimulated the growth and development of plantlets. In ‘UBG’, the most prominent treatments affecting increases in the number of leaves, micropropagation coefficient, shoot length and shoot FW/DW weight included 400 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ZnO SMPs and 100 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ZnO NPs (6% H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O). In ‘UPG’, the treatments with 200 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ZnO + 0.1% Ag NPs (6% H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O) and 200 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ZnO + 1% Ag NPs (6% H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O) were the most successful. The latter treatment stimulated an intensive development of root systems in the two studied cultivars. High values of leaf area, perimeter and width were reported in both cultivars for 400 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ZnO + 1% Ag NPs (6% H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O). As compared to the control, the treated plants were characterised by a similar or, most often, lower content of chlorophylls and carotenoids. The randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and start codon targeted polymorphism (SCoT) marker system analyses of the 400 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ZnO SMPs/ZnO NPs/ZnO + Ag NPs-treated chrysanthemums confirmed their genetic fidelity with the control plants. The obtained results can be implemented in the commercial large-scale production of chrysanthemums.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140812681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the contents of Ugni molinae Turcz fruits across the ripening stages","authors":"Mariona Gil i Cortiella, Ricardo I. Castro, Carolina Parra-Palma, Angela Méndez-Yáñez, Patricio Ramos, Luis Morales-Quintana","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, a growing interest in fruits having a high content of health-promoting compounds has become a trend among consumers around the world. Wild berries have received special attention based on the high levels of healthy compounds present in them. In this work, we elaborate on the qualities of the murta (<jats:italic>Ugni molinae</jats:italic> Turcz) fruit such as the colour, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present, its antioxidant capacity and the phenolic compound content (including those of flavonols and anthocyanins) with respect to the different ripening stages. Four stages were established based on the skin colour parameters, which were consistent with the changes in the weight and size of the murta fruits. In addition, the total phenolic and flavonols content showed a decrease during fruit ripening, in contrast with the total anthocyanins content that increased at the final stages of ripening. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated via two approaches: ferric reducing antioxidant power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl discolouration assay; higher levels of antioxidants at the final stages were consistently observed. Furthermore, the VOCs profile showed terpenoids to be the main compounds, with the highest relative abundances in fully ripe fruits. These results allow us to propose a classification of the different ripening stages of the murta fruits. This would enable us to have better knowledge of this interesting fruit, which possesses highly healthy nutraceutical compounds.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140629678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic field treatment on horticultural and agricultural crops: its benefits and challenges","authors":"Xianzong Xia, Andrea Pagano, Anca Macovei, Gregorio Padula, Alma Balestrazzi, Roman Hołubowicz","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic field (MF) treatment, as an efficient and pollution-free treatment method, has received extensive attention from researchers and found broad prospects in horticultural and agricultural development. According to relevant studies, mainstream research direction is aimed at utilizing MF treatment to improve the economic traits of horticultural and agricultural crops. MF has positive effects, for example, on seed germination, seedling growth, crop yield and quality and plant tolerance to stress. In recent years, more and more researchers have focused their work on using seed MF or magnetised water (MW) irrigation treatment to improve plant tolerance to salt or heavy metal stresses, to achieve the purpose of soil restoration by plant heavy metal accumulation. In this review, the most commonly utilised MF or MW treatment methods have been described in detail, and the effects of MF treatment on horticultural and agricultural crops have been presented. Furthermore, new prospects for MF treatment and the associated molecular basis have been presented. Since different species or cultivars have different optimal dose requirements for MF treatment, it is still a challenge presently to promote MF treatment use in commercial applications. For successful implementation of MF treatments, it is essential to conduct a large number of screening experiments and more in-depth research on the effects of MF on cultivated plants.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"260 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140017997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of exogenous glutamine on germination, plant development and transcriptional expression of some stress-related genes in onion under salt stress","authors":"Kamile Ulukapi, Ayse Gul Nasircilar","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to explore the role of glutamine (Gln) on plant germination and growth under salinity [0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mM sodium chloride (NaCl)], and on the activation of some stress-related genes [CuZn-Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Mn-SOD, Alternative Oxidase (AOX), Procollagen Lysyl Hydroxylase (PLOD)-1, Chaperonin (CHAPE) and Heat Shock Protein (HSP)-21], genetic template stability and photosynthetic pigment activation. Under salt stress, 2 mM Gln application reduced the mean germination time (MGT) (4.51 days), increased the coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG) (75.85), germination index (GI) (1.46) and germination percentage (GP) (82%), indicating that it was the best application for germination under stress. Gln promoted the development of aboveground plant organs. 3 mM Gln increased the number of leaves from 5.3 to 13.7 and 4.3 to 6.6 under unstress and stress conditions, respectively. Under salt stress, Gln increased photosynthetic pigments and genomic template stability (GTS) (80%). At 2 mM Gln, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content increased from 1.59 mg · g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> TA to 2.23 mg · g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> TA and from 0.28 mg · g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> TA to 0.37 mg · g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> TA, respectively. The effect on gene expression levels varied with the concentration. The application of 2 mM Gln, which enhanced germination and vegetative parameters under stress, caused a raise in CuZn-SOD gene expression and a 43% decrease in the transcriptional expression of the HSP-21 gene as an indicator of the functionality of the repair mechanism. The improved growth of Gln-treated plants under stress suggests that Gln is involved in bridging the energy deficit of the plant by acting as an alternative fuel for metabolic activities under stress.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of melatonin on lettuce plant growth, antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic pigments under salinity stress conditions","authors":"Hemat A. EL-Bauome, Samar M. Doklega, Said A. Saleh, Ahmed S. Mohamed, Ahmad A. Suliman, Mahmoud A.M. Abd El-Hady","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that significantly decreases the productivity of agricultural crops. Melatonin (MT) acts as an antioxidant and plays a vital role in overcoming oxidative damage. However, previous literature has not provided a clear understanding of the impact of MT on lettuce plants under salinity stress. So, we investigated the effect of exogenous MT at 0 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM and 150 μM on lettuce plants grown under salinity stress (0 mM NaCl, 50 mM NaCl and 100 mM NaCl) with respect to vegetative growth, photosynthetic pigments, relative water content (RWC), electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> <jats:sup>•-</jats:sup> and antioxidants enzymes. Results showed that NaCl stress significantly decreased vegetative growth, RWC and photosynthetic pigments and in contrast enhanced dry matter, EL, MDA, H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> <jats:sup>•-</jats:sup>, Na<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>, Cl-, peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) of lettuce plants compared to non-salinized control. The results demonstrated that under salinity conditions, foliar applications of MT significantly alleviated the harmful effects of salinity and increased number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight, chlorophyll (a), chlorophyll (b), total chlorophyll, carotenoids and RWC in comparison to untreated plants (control). Meanwhile, dry matter, MDA, H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> <jats:sup>•-</jats:sup>, Na<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>, Cl-, POD, SOD and GR were significantly decreased compared to untreated lettuce plants. In this respect, spraying MT at 150 μM ranked the first, then 100 μM, compared to the lower concentration (50 μM). In conclusion, MT application can be used to alleviate harmful effects of salinity stress.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139752617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenological growth and development stages of common fig (Ficus carica L.) under arid climate of India","authors":"Akath Singh, Kundan Kishore, Pradeep Kumar, P. S. Khapte, D. S. Mishra, Dalpat Singh, Hukam Singh Kothyari","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2023-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Arid region is characterised by extreme climatic condition, poor soil health and over-exploitation of natural resources. Under prevailing conditions of arid India, <jats:italic>Ficus carica</jats:italic> is an emerging fruit crop with high commercial value and nutritional significance. Phenological study plays an important role in ensuring efficient crop management practices, but such studies in fig have not yet been conducted in India. The present study was conducted with an aim to define and describe phenological stages of common fig cultivar ‘Diana’ in arid regions according to the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH)-scale using two-digit numerical system. The BBCH scale markedly explains various developmental stages of crops. Seven principal growth stages, viz. bud development (0), leaf development (1), shoot development (3), inflorescence development (5), flower development (6), syconium (fig receptacle) development (7) and fruit maturation (8), and 25 secondary growth stages of fig have been described. The sequential progression of principal growth stages of fig indicated temporal variation in growth pattern as well as overlapping of secondary growth stages. Phenological description will act as a pragmatic approach to define growth stages in order to facilitate timely agronomic practices such as canopy management, nutrient management and irrigation scheduling, pest and disease management. Since fig is considered one of the important minor fruits of India, a detailed phenological description will be instrumental in enhancing its potential in arid and semi-arid regions.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139656546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring intraspecific pollen morphology variation in Apocynaceae: A roadmap for horticultural innovation","authors":"Muhammad Rizwan Khan, Muhammad Zafar, Mushtaq Ahmad, Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, Mohamed Soliman Elshikh, Trobjon Makhkamov, Oybek Mamarakhimov, Akramjon Yuldashev, Laziza Botirova, Dilshod Mamadiyarov, Shazia Sultana, Salman Majeed, Jamil Raza, Prem Kumar","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2023-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0034","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine the pollen and pollinia morpho-structure of 18 horticultural Apocynaceous species. Advanced light and scanning electron microscopy (LM and SEM) were used to elaborate on and examine the systematic importance of pollen and pollinia micromorphology. Pollen grains were first acetolysed, which was followed by visualisation of their sculpturing features. The quantified data were subjected to statistical tools to elucidate dendrogram clustering and principal component analysis to reveal pollen/pollinia morphotypes. The size of pollen is variable, ranging from 113.45 μm in <jats:italic>Cascabela thevetia</jats:italic> to 23.4 μm in <jats:italic>Alstonia scholaris.</jats:italic> The study revealed tetrad, tetraporate, and tricolporate grains. Sculpturing (exine ornamentation) varies from reticulate perforate to reticulate. Pollinum shape was observed to be narrow oblong, obovate, orbicular, and reniform. Reticulate-psilate sculptural features were prominent among pollinia surfaces. Based on examination, it was ascertained that the minimum exine thickness in <jats:italic>Periploca aphylla</jats:italic> was 4.9 μm, whereas the corresponding number in <jats:italic>Cryptolepis dubia</jats:italic> was 1.35 μm. Taxonomic identification keys were constructed separately based on pollen/pollinia characters to identify the Apocynaceous taxa. In the presented study, seven pollen shapes were observed: from oblate to per prolate. The findings confirm that morphopollinic traits differ amongst genera of Apocynaceous species. However, these features can be used to distinguish the Apocynaceous taxa. The results show that structural characteristics of pollen and pollinia can help accurately identify Apocynaceous species.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139067082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of ideal genotypes in peppers with ornamental potential","authors":"Gabriela Cristina Alves Custódio, S. Pimenta, Fátima de Souza Gomes, N. S. Silva, B. Rodrigues, Fabrícia Cardoso Oliveira, Nelson de Abreu Delvaux Júnior, Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2023-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0033","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ornamental peppers have a significant economic importance in the national and international markets; however, few cultivars intended for this purpose are grown in Brazil. The objective of this study was to select partially inbred lines (PIL) of peppers with ornamental potential, based on quantitative and qualitative variables with high heritability. The study was conducted over six generations for 4 consecutive years, using the single seed descent method. The last phase (VI) consisted of growing plants of the F5 generation for selection. Qualitative (LD) and quantitative (QD) descriptors were considered and the ideal genotypes were defined. The statistical analyses consisted of estimating variance components and genetic parameters and predicting genetic values, using REML/BLUP for QD, except for cycle to flowering (CF) and cycle to maturation (CM), which were analysed qualitatively. Therefore, CF and CM were analysed through frequency distribution of continuous variables within class intervals. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate LD. The results showed that residual values exceeded genetic values, resulting in low heritability for QD, and therefore, they were not considered for PIL selection. Regarding LD, genetic variability was found among the population genotypes for all evaluated descriptors. The selection based on ideal genotypes enabled the selection of 82 PIL with LD of high ornamental value, which differ from the materials already available on the market. The selected genotypes will be used for developing future generations until allele fixation, focussed on subsequent selection of candidate lines for new ornamental pepper cultivars.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138943950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Rheum taxa and harvesting date on the content of L-ascorbic acid and oxalic acid in the climatic conditions of South Moravia (Czech Republic)","authors":"Jarmila Neugebauerová, Eliška Hakalová, Lucia Nedorost Ragasová, Jana Čechová, Jana Raddová, Dorota Tekielska, Robert Pokluda","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2023-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Rhubarb (<jats:italic>Rheum</jats:italic> L.) is a well-known medicinal and culinary plant. Apart from its rich nutritional value, rhubarb contains a higher concentration of oxalates. In this study, the content of L-ascorbic acid (AA) and oxalic acid (OA) within three rhubarb species (<jats:italic>Rheum rhabarbarum, R. rhaponticum</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>R. palmatum</jats:italic> × <jats:italic>wittrockii</jats:italic>) differentiated to 16 accessions in a gene bank rhubarb collection (Lednice, Czech Republic) in the condition of conventional production in the South Moravia region during the harvesting period was evaluated. While L-ascorbic acid is essential in human nutrition, oxalic acid is considered toxic, and high doses may cause serious health issues. AA and OA content, the morphology evaluation and ISSR (inter simple sequence repeats)-based genetic analysis were performed. The results of this study confirm the significant influence of taxonomy and harvesting time on the content of AA in Rheum accessions. The content of AA was determined from 6 mg · 100 g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> to 10 g · 100 g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> fresh weight (FW) at the beginning of the harvesting season (May) up to 25 mg · 100 g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> FW at the end of the harvesting period. The content of OA strongly varied from 300 mg · 100 g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> to 1800 mg · 100 g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> FW. Regarding the antinutrient character of oxalate, the optimal harvest period of this region was estimated to be from May to early June, when the OA content was the lowest. The role of AA as a precursor of oxalate formation in rhubarb was not affirmed by the results of this study.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138682722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of osmotic stress, lighting spectrum and temperature on growth and gene expression related to anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) in vitro","authors":"Jurgita Vinskienė, Vidmantas Bendokas, Vidmantas Stanys, Audrius Sasnauskas, Rytis Rugienius","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2023-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0030","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this research was to evaluate the effect of light, temperature, sucrose and PEG on the growth of <jats:italic>Fragaria vesca in vitro</jats:italic> and the expression of regulatory <jats:italic>Myb10, WD40</jats:italic> and enzyme-coding genes <jats:italic>CHI, CHS, DFR, EGL, F3H</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>UFGT</jats:italic>, which are essential for anthocyanin biosynthesis. We observed plants’ response to osmotic stress, the decrease in growth and microshoot weight. A change in the expression of the investigated genes was evident under the suboptimal concentration of sucrose. The addition of PEG to the medium caused a decrease in microshoot weight and gene expression. Blue + red lights of the LED lighting system significantly affected microshoot growth <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>. Red and blue + red + UV lights slightly reduced microshoot weight and caused a reddish colour of petioles, which indicate increased anthocyanin synthesis. Moreover, most of the studied genes’ expression tended to increase when shoots were exposed to blue, blue + red and blue + red + UV lights. A temperature of 15°C (vs 22°C) significantly reduced the mean fresh weight of microshoots while increasing <jats:italic>CHI</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CHS</jats:italic> gene expression and decreasing <jats:italic>WD40</jats:italic> gene expression. Exposure to a higher temperature (30°C) induced the vitrification of microshoots, although the fresh weight did not differ from that of the control. Gene expression also depended on the duration of exposure. In the case of <jats:italic>CHS</jats:italic>, gene expression remained the same or increased after exposure for 1 week and then decreased after exposure for 4 weeks.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138682610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}