Folia Horticulturae最新文献

{"title":"Fungicides, bio-controllers and resistance inducers affect bioactive compounds and oxidative metabolism in bell pepper plants inoculated with Phytophthora capsici","authors":"María Teresa Martínez-Damián, Damaris Leopoldina Ojeda-Barrios, Oscar Cruz-Alvarez","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0011","url":null,"abstract":"The rational use of chemical fungicides in chilli pepper (<jats:italic>Capsicum annuum</jats:italic> L.) for controlling <jats:italic>Phytophthora capsici</jats:italic> Leo. should include molecules that promote induced systemic resistance in the plant. The study objective was to assess how the application of fungicides, bio-controllers and resistance inducers affects bioactive compounds production and oxidative metabolism in pepper plants when inoculated with <jats:italic>P. capsici</jats:italic> zoospores. Statistical analyses show significant differences in total flavonoids, total phenols and salicylic acid concentrations in plants treated with <jats:italic>Trichoderma harzianum</jats:italic>, Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM) and phosphonic acid. In addition, the application of ASM and <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis</jats:italic> showed the highest values of antioxidant capacity. On the other hand, ASM application favoured increases in superoxide dismutase and phenyl ammonium lyase activity with values of 4.42 ± 0.016 (units · min<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> · g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) and 3.90 ± 0.22 U · g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, respectively. However, hydrogen peroxide production was similar to that of phosphonic acid treatments. Similarly, plants treated with <jats:italic>B. subtilis</jats:italic> and Metalaxyl-M showed increases in peroxidase enzyme activity with values ranging from 2.86 ± 0.05 to 4.52 ± 0.02 (μmol · [mg protein]<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> · min<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>). Likewise, phosphonic acid-treated plants exhibited high catalase enzyme activity with values ranging from 2.38 ± 0.032 μmol H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> · min<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> · g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> to 4.30 ± 0.024 μmol H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> · min<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> · g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. The complementary use of products with biological and resistance-inducing functions could help to mitigate the environmental impacts that occur due to the use of chemical fungicides for controlling <jats:italic>P. capsici</jats:italic> on chilli pepper.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of crop load and quality in sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’ using blossom thinning","authors":"Mir Uzma Parveze, Mohammad Maqbool Mir, Munib Ur Rehman, Umar Iqbal, Saba Q. Khan, F. A. Khan, Imran Khan, Sameera Qayoom, Irtiqa Mushtaq, Hamiyah K. Shah, Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar, Prashant Kaushik","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Self-fertile cultivars of sweet cherry (<jats:italic>Prunus avium</jats:italic>) produce heavy crop load that is often associated with small and poor-quality fruits. Therefore, a crop load-management strategy is required to improve the quality of the fruit. In this study, the effect of blossom thinners on fruit set, yield and quality of the fruits was evaluated. Three types of blossom thinners were used at three different concentrations viz., ammonium thiosulphate (ATS) (1, 1.5 and 2%), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (20, 40 and 60 ppm) and corn oil emulsion (1, 2 and 3%). These were sprayed at 80% of the bloom stage. The vegetative, flowering, fruit set and yield parameters were observed and recorded. Fruit quality was evaluated by measuring the physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits at the harvest stage. Negative correlation was found between fruit set and quality of fruit. The reduction in the crop load was associated with enhanced vegetative growth, including higher leaf:fruit ratio, higher supply and availability of photosynthates to the remaining fruitlets and reduced fruit firmness and titratable acidity. Fruit size, weight, volume, hue value, chroma value, soluble solid content (SSC), total sugars, SSC/acid ratio, anthocyanin and ascorbic acid content were enhanced as a result of thinning. The foliar spray of ATS at 2% and NAA at 60 ppm, at 80% bloom proved to be the most effective in reducing crop load and enhancing the fruit quality.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neodymium and zinc stimulate growth, biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of lettuce plants in hydroponics","authors":"Imelda Rueda-López, Libia I. Trejo-Téllez, Fernando C. Gómez-Merino, María G. Peralta-Sánchez, Sara M. Ramírez-Olvera","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0017","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated the effects of neodymium (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) and zinc (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>), as well as their interaction on lettuce plants in hydroponics. Applications of 2.885 mg Nd · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and 5.770 mg Nd · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> increased plant height, number of leaves and leaf area, as well as fresh and dry stem, root and total biomasses. Root volume was greater in plants treated with 2.885 mg Nd · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. With 0.1 mg Zn · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, plant height, leaf area and fresh stem, root and total biomass were greater, while applying 0.3 mg Zn · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> increased the ratio of dry biomass of stems and roots. Plants exposed to 5.770 mg Nd · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> + 0.3 mg Zn · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> exhibited greater leaf length. The ratios of fresh and dry biomass of stems and roots increased in plants treated with 8.655 mg · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> Nd + 0.3 mg Zn · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. Dry biomass weights of stems, roots and total were the highest in plants treated with 20 mg Nd · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> + 0.1 mg Zn · L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. Nd significantly increased foliar concentration of N, P and K. Hence, Nd and Zn improve growth and nutrition.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing native wildflower habitats in urban settings on a low budget","authors":"J. S. Shelton, W. J. Florkowski, S. V. Pennisi","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0021","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to compare the costs of two methods in establishing a native wildflower habitat using transplants while controlling weeds. The first method involved no-tillage and glyphosate herbicide and the second method used dazomet herbicide with tillage. Direct expenses included the initial establishment of the transplants under two differing soil treatments and were calculated separately. Expense differences between the two methods result from the prices of the two herbicides, type of equipment used in soil preparation and the type of tasks requiring labour. Results show a high rate (85%–90%) of the transplants becoming established regardless of the method used, suggesting that both may be considered suitable. With conservation and sustainability in mind, the cost estimates provide benchmarks for different methods of planting wildflower habitats in urban settings.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and physiochemical changes of jojoba under water pollution stress condition","authors":"M. S. Aboryia, Mohamed Saleh M. Ali, Ahmed F. Elshiekh, Basmah M. Alharbi, Ibrahim Eid Elesawi, Ahmed M. Fikryi, Ahmed A. Helaly, Fatma R. Ibrahim, Eman A. swedan, Hany G. Abd El-Gawad, Samy F. Mahmoud, El-Sayed A. EL-Boraie","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Water security is a major challenge for agricultural sustainability in Egypt. To tackle water scarcity, the reuse of wastewater such as raw agricultural drainage water (RADW) and treated sewage drainage water (TSDW) can be a potential solution. An investigation was conducted over two seasons (2022 and 2023) for 5 months (January–May) on roughly 8-month-old jojoba plants to study their tolerance for irrigation with different concentrations of wastewater (RADW, TSDW) at 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% compared to the control (tap water). The study examined the effect of wastewater irrigation on growth parameters such as plant height, stem diameter, shoot numbers, leaf physical measurements, visual quality (VQ) and leaf chemical components including heavy metals (HMs), antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH]), ion leakage (IL%), superoxide anion (O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> <jats:sup>•−</jats:sup>), hydrogen peroxide (H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>), malondialdehyde (MDA), leaf minerals, pigments, soluble carbohydrate content (SCC), total phenolic content (TPC) and proline performance in jojoba plants. The findings indicated that jojoba plants can tolerate irrigation with RADW up to a concentration of 100% and TSDW up to a concentration of 75%.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic characteristics of black apricot Prunus × dasycarpa cultivar ‘Shlor-Tsiran’ in Armenia","authors":"Janna Akopian, Yevgenia Navasardyan, Alexander Rudov, Lala Stepanyan, Gevorg Zaroyan, Gayane Gabrielyan","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0018","url":null,"abstract":"‘Shlor-Tsiran’ (literally called ‘Plum-Apricot’) is an old black apricot cultivar, which is traditionally cultivated in Armenia. Taxonomically, it belongs to <jats:italic>Prunus</jats:italic> × <jats:italic>dasycarpa</jats:italic> Ehrh., which is a spontaneous hybrid of apricot and cherry plum (<jats:italic>P. armeniaca</jats:italic> L. × <jats:italic>P. cerasifera</jats:italic> Ehrh.). Currently, ‘Shlor-Tsiran’ is considered to be very rare in Armenia and it occurs as single trees in old home orchards of the Ararat Valley. It is characterised by high frost and disease resistance, late flowering and fruiting compared with other cultivated apricots, and is of interest for the development of apricot cultivars displaying delayed fruit ripening and enhanced frost resistance. This study aims to phenotype the cv. ‘Shlor-Tsiran’ taking into consideration 67 quantitative and qualitative characteristics of vegetative and generative organs, growth and development. Morphological description of the cv. ‘Shlor-Tsiran’, comparing with its parent species, <jats:italic>P. armeniaca</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. cerasifera</jats:italic>, was performed. Data on fertility and viability of pollen grains, biochemical and nutritional properties of fruits and tree productivity are provided. The data obtained should contribute to a wider use and conservation of the black apricot cv. ‘Shlor-Tsiran’ gene pool, which can be used for breeding purposes as well. The article is illustrated with tables and original photographs.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141776253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of different methods of under-vine management on the structure of vegetation and the qualitative parameters of the grapes in the Moravian wine region","authors":"Tomáš Kopta, Lucia Nedorost Ragasová, Radek Sotolář, Jozef Sedláček, Vojtěch Ferby, Erika Hurajová, Jan Winkler","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0015","url":null,"abstract":"The present article explores the importance of vineyard soil management. Studies on under-vine management have yielded a wide range of results, with some indicating potential benefits for vine growth and productivity. However, the methods of under-vine management and their specific effects on vineyard parameters require further research. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationships existing between the different types of management of under-vine areas and the vegetation grown in this zone and to determine the effects of under-vine management on the yield and quality of Traminer grapevines. By examining various approaches, the research aims to provide insights into the optimising of vineyard management methods to achieve enhanced biodiversity and grape quality in this specific geographical context. The findings indicated that management of the under-vine area can impact the composition of plants, grape yield and quality. Under-row management had an effect on the number of plant species and their composition. The highest weight of bunches was found in MIX (a species from the Fabaceae family), while the lowest was found in the MECH treatment (bare soil). MULCH, MONO and MIX consistently had higher yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) in grapes than other treatments. In many of the evaluated parameters, the influence of the seasons was evident.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141754200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connecting college students with nature: An evaluation indicator system for the implementation of horticultural therapy programmes on university campuses","authors":"Tongyu Li, Siyuan Guo, Binxia Xue, Wenjia Yang","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0014","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of horticultural therapy to university campuses has gradually become an effective way to promote college students’ interaction with nature, improve their health and increase the quality of their study environment. However, many current studies have focused on measuring and evaluating the physical and mental health benefits of horticultural therapy programmes for college students, while less attention has been paid to exploring how to implement such programmes in a planned and sustainable manner. The main purpose of this study is to construct an evaluation system for the implementation of horticultural therapy programmes on university campuses, so as to better guide the sustainable development of campus horticultural therapy. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the Delphi method were combined in this study. Delphi method was used to carry out two rounds of consultation for 10 experts, to select and revise indicators at all levels and establish an evaluation system. Expert and college student opinions were combined to determine the weight of indicators at each level using AHP. The evaluation system constructed by Delphi method included 4 indicators in the criteria layer and 12 indicators in the indicator layer. The weight analysis of AHP showed that horticultural therapy plan (0.341) was most important in the criteria layer, followed by the natural healing environment (0.289), the horticultural therapy team (0.190) and post-maintenance management (0.180). In conclusion, the evaluation system constructed systematically sorts out the elements of conducting horticultural therapy programmes on Chinese university campuses, which has good application and promotion value.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141744434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterisation of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) genotypes","authors":"Azra Skender, Gordana Ðurić, Amine Assouguem, Sezai Ercisli, Gulce Ilhan, Rachid Lahlali, Riaz Ullah, Zafar Iqbal, Ahmed Bari","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2024-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2024-0013","url":null,"abstract":"The application of microsatellite simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers has proven to be highly effective in genetically characterising the origins of various fruit species. Bosnia and Herzegovina boast abundant cornelian cherry (<jats:italic>Cornus mas</jats:italic> L.) germplasm within its natural habitats. This study focuses on three geographically distant regions in Bosnia and Herzegovina–Drvar, Mostar and Zenica–comprising a sample of 60 cornelian cherry genotypes. The genetic analysis of cornelian cherry utilised eight microsatellite primers to characterise the genetic makeup of the 60 genotypes. Notably, all observed loci in the three populations demonstrated 100% polymorphism. The total genetic differentiation is 0.042, which is also confirmed by the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), which indicates that 3% of the total genetic variation is between groups, 8% between individuals and 89% within individuals. The results of pairwise Fst analysis (pFst) indicate that the greatest differentiation is between the populations of Mostar and Zenica (0.037), between Drvar and Zenica (0.026) and between Drvar and Mostar (0.025). The results of the genetic distance according to Nei confirm these results. Also, the largest difference was observed between the populations of Mostar and Zenica (0.316), then between Drvar and Zenica (0.285), and the smallest between Drvar and Mostar (0.251). This research contributes valuable insights into the genetic diversity and characterisation of cornelian cherry populations in different regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141549690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the effects of various light spectra on microgreen species","authors":"Lucia Jasenovska, Marian Brestic, Mária Barboričová, Jana Ferencova, Andrej Filaček, Marek Živčák","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Light conditions, such as spectral composition, intensity and photoperiod, can affect the photosynthetic apparatus and content of beneficial bioactive compounds. The experiments realised under randomised experimental design tested seedlings of 21 genotypes, including 12 genotypes of the Brassicaceae family, lettuce, amaranth, onion, spinach, fenugreek and two beet and two basil genotypes, which were cultivated in three light environments under narrow-band red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and broad-band white LEDs. Responsiveness to light spectra was assessed based on fresh and dry weight, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and non-invasive assessment of specific compounds using fluorescence excitation ratios. In white light, we observed a higher fresh weight compared to that in monochromatic environments, especially compared to blue light. In most of the species, blue and white light had a positive effect on the concentration of chlorophyll and carotene in plants compared to red light. Blue light was associated with the highest values of chlorophyll excitation ratios, indicating a significant increase in flavonoids and anthocyanin contents. Individual microgreens responded differently in all assessed traits, especially in fluorescence ratios. We also observed the clustering of microgreens with similar responses to LED light spectra. In conclusion, in most plant species, multispectral white LEDs positively influenced quantitative and qualitative traits compared to the most frequently used red LEDs. Blue light slightly improved quality, but suppressed growth. Nevertheless, some species responded differently, emphasising the need to optimise the light to improve the microgreens’ production and nutritional value.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}