F1000Research最新文献

{"title":"Benzydamine hydrochloride: an overview on a well-established drug with news in mechanisms of action.","authors":"Antonio Ferrer-Montiel","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.144067.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.144067.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pain and inflammation are the consequences of sore throat, dental and oral procedures, infections, ulcers and head and neck chemotherapy/radiotherapy, and their management is of fundamental importance to avoid distress in patients. Benzydamine hydrochloride (HCl) is a topical indolic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, endowed with analgesic and anesthetic activity, and with antimicrobial (including both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria) and antifungal properties (targeting <i>Candida albicans</i> and non-albicans strains), used in odontostomatology, otorhinolaryngology, and gynecology for its properties. This molecule has a lipophilic nature, showing high affinity with cell membranes and exhibiting membrane stabilization properties, resulting in local anesthesia, an effect related also to the interaction of the drug with cationic channels. Unlike other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, benzydamine HCl is a weak inhibitor of cyclooxygenase or lipoxygenase and consequently its primary mechanisms of action are not related to arachidonic acid metabolism and do not affect the biosynthesis of the inflammation mediators prostanoids, prostacyclin, thromboxane and leukotrienes. Benzydamine HCl is able to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, with consequent analgesia. Moreover, benzydamine HCl is able to inhibit leukocyte-endothelial interactions and platelet aggregation. Here we review the most updated clinical data available on benzydamine HCl local application as spray, mouthwash or gargling and evidence of its effectiveness in inflammatory and/or septic conditions in the otorhinolaryngology and odontostomatology settings, with particular reference to sore throat, oral inflammation, dental plaque, tonsillitis/tonsillectomy and chemo- or radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Novel formulations for oral and oromucosal/buccal/intraoral administration of benzydamine HCl are also reviewed, including <i>in situ</i> gelling formulations to be sprayed onto the damaged oral mucosa. Finally, novel data on the potential role of benzydamine HCl in nociceptor excitability are introduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12203043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A highly sensitive enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay allows accurate measurements of brain‑derived neurotrophic factor levels in human saliva.","authors":"Fumie Akutsu, Shiro Sugino, Mitsuo Watanabe, Yves-Alain Barde, Masaaki Kojima","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.160304.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.160304.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hitherto, BDNF levels in humans have been primarily measured in serum and/or plasma where these levels are readily measurable, but primarily reflect the content of BDNF in blood platelets. By contrast, previous attempts to measure BDNF levels in readily accessible human body fluids such as saliva have been complicated by a lack of sensitivity and/or specificity of BDNF ELISAs (see Discussion). Recently, the suitability of a highly sensitive BDNF ELISA assay was validated using mouse plasma and serum where conventional BDNF ELISA fail to detect BDNF. In this report, we demonstrate that BDNF levels in human saliva are extremely low, in the low pg/mL range, yet detectable in all saliva samples tested.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Saliva samples were collected from healthy volunteers by a passive drool method. All samples were aliquoted and immediately frozen to keep at -80°C until use. At the time of use, the samples were thawed, centrifuged to remove any remaining particles and BDNF measurement conducted by using a previously validated BDNF ELISA assay (see below). Recombinant mature BDNF was used as a reference.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intra-assay variability was in the range of CV = 1.8 to 4.9%. Saliva samples could be kept frozen at -80°C for 2 months until use for measurements, but more than 4 freeze and thaw cycles caused BDNF losses presumably due to structural change of the antigen. The measurements were not affected by the method of collection provided the samples were diluted at least 2-fold.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicate that human saliva samples collected in a non-invasive fashion can be used as a source of material to try and correlate BDNF levels with human conditions of interest. These results also confirm those of an independent study published recently using the same BDNF ELISA kit to measure BDNF levels in human saliva samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Surface Damage on Miniplates: A Study of Bacterial Attachment Across Various Strains.","authors":"Bramasto Purbo Sejati, Tetiana Haniastuti, Ahmad Kusumaatmaja, Maria Goreti Widyastuti","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.159954.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.159954.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative infection and rejection of miniplates in maxillofacial surgery are linked to surface irregularities and bacterial adhesion. This study investigated the physical and microbiological characteristics of patient-rejected miniplates to elucidate factors contributing to implant failure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty miniplates, including straight-type BSSO and L-shaped designs, were collected from patients. Macro photography documented surface deformities. Contact angle measurements assessed surface wettability. Bacterial adhesion for Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis was quantified via the crystal violet assay. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to visualize microbial colonization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Macro images showed visible deformations, especially in the bridge areas of straight-type BSSO plates. Contact angle analysis revealed significantly greater hydrophobicity in rejected plates than controls (mean: 89.6° vs. 72.3°, p < 0.01). Rejected plates demonstrated significantly increased adhesion of S. aureus and S. mutans (p < 0.001), particularly on mandibular plates. P. aeruginosa adhered more to control plates (p < 0.05), while E. faecalis showed no significant difference between groups. SEM confirmed dense bacterial clusters, with S. aureus forming cocci aggregates and S. mutans forming chains, particularly in regions of surface distortion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rejected miniplates exhibit increased surface roughness and hydrophobicity, correlating with elevated bacterial adhesion. These findings highlight the need for improved surface design or coating technologies to reduce biofilm formation and enhance clinical outcomes in maxillofacial surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiential retailing in cultural spaces: A case study of multisensory design in batik boutiques.","authors":"Eri Naharani Ustazah, Purwanita Setijanti, Arina Hayati","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.163519.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.163519.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examines the role of multisensory design in shaping the spatial atmosphere of batik boutiques and its impact on consumer experience and purchasing behavior. Unlike conventional retail spaces, batik boutiques offer culture-based products for a specialized consumer segment, where shopping involves a highly immersive sensory experience. By analyzing sight, sound, touch, smell, and taste, this research explores how sensory stimuli influence emotional engagement, consumer perception, and decision-making within experiential boutique environments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research adopts a qualitative case study approach to analyze experiential retailing in batik boutiques as a brand differentiation strategy. Using an intersubjective paradigm, the study explores sociocultural consumer engagement through semi-structured interviews, direct observations, and photo-elicitation techniques. Data were collected over six months in a batik boutique in East Java, Indonesia, involving purposively selected participants to capture long-term consumer interactions with the store atmosphere and sensory elements influencing their shopping experiences.</p><p><strong>Result and conclusions: </strong>The findings indicate that batik boutiques serve beyond commercial spaces, offering culturally rich, multisensory experiences that enhance consumer attachment, emotional connection, and brand loyalty. Sensory engagement through lighting, music, scent, and tactile interactions significantly impacts consumer perception and purchase behavior. Additionally, nostalgia, identity projection, and social interaction reinforce prolonged engagement, with retail spaces functioning as cultural hubs for heritage appreciation. This study highlights the importance of sensory-driven retail design, demonstrating how store atmosphere influences consumer emotions, cognitive responses, and purchasing intentions within experiential fashion retailing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> infection in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at Thammasat University Hospital.","authors":"Pornumpa Bunjoungmanee, Kornkamon Rattanapan, Yamonbhorn Neamkul, Auchara Tangsathapornpong, Narissara Mungkornkaew, Prapasri Kulalert","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.157612.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.157612.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> infection (ABI) is a concerning worldwide public health matter with high levels of morbidity and mortality, particularly in critically ill patients. This study aims to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of ABI in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was performed on pediatric patients admitted to the PICU over an 8-year period. Demographic characteristics, infection risk factors, and clinical outcomes were compared and analyzed between patients with ABI, determined to be the case group, and patients without ABI, determined to be the control group. The study also assessed the prevalence of ABI and its antimicrobial resistance profile.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between June 2014 and May 2022, a total of 82 cases of ABI were identified, resulting in an overall prevalence of 5.02%. After applying the exclusion criteria, 12 cases were excluded. Consequently, 70 ABI cases in total and 140 cases in a control group were included in the study. Multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis identified chronic respiratory disease, mechanical ventilation lasting 5 days or more, and the use of piperacillin/tazobactam within the last 2 weeks as independent risk factors associated with ABI. The rate of carbapenem-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i> (CRAB) was notably high at 94.26%. Cases of ABI were associated with higher mortality rates and prolonged hospitalization compared to non-ABI cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ABI remains a critical pathogen in the PICU. The presence of chronic respiratory disease, use of mechanical ventilation for at least five days, and a history of receiving piperacillin/tazobactam within the last 2 weeks are significant risk factors for ABI. The high level of antibiotic resistance, especially to carbapenems, highlights the emphasis for more stringent infection control practices and the creation of novel antimicrobial therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"1269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12125569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjusting for covariates representing potential confounders, mediators, or competing predictors in the presence of measurement error: Dispelling a potential misapprehension and insights for optimal study design with nutritional epidemiology examples.","authors":"Roger S Zoh, Diana M Thomas, Carmen D Tekwe, Xiaoxin Yu, Colby J Vorland, Nikhil V Dhurandhar, David M Klurfeld, David B Allison","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.152466.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.152466.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Variables such as dietary intake are measured with error yet frequently used in observational epidemiology. Although this limitation is sometimes noted, these variables are still often modeled as covariates without formal correction or sincere dialogue about measurement unreliability potentially weakening the validity of statistical conclusions. Further, larger sample sizes increase power (bias) to detect spurious correlations. Counterintuitively, recent work suggested a <i>non-monotonic</i> relationship between confounder unreliability and how much controlling for the confounder reduces (or induces) bias when testing for an exposure-outcome association. If true, such non-monotonicity would be especially concerning for applications such as nutrition, where measurement reliability varies substantially, and large sample sizes are common.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We offer a detailed derivations of the square partial correlation between the outcome and exposure, controlling for the confounder. In our derivation, the measurement reliabilities of exposures and confounders are not arbitrarily constrained to be equal. Further, our theoretical results are investigated using simulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Reassuringly, these derivations and simulations show that the counterintuitive non-monotonicity relationship between confounder unreliability and how much controlling for the confounder reduces (or induces) bias when testing for an exposure-outcome association is an artifact of the arbitrary constraint which forces the measurement reliabilities of exposures and confounders to be equal, which that does not always hold.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The profound and manifold effects of measurement error on estimation and statistical conclusion validity in realistic scenarios indicate that merely mentioning measurement error as a limitation and then dispensing with it is not an adequate response. We also explore questions for optimal study design subject to resource constraints when considering reliability of exposures, covariates, and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral congenital muscular torticollis in infants, report of two cases.","authors":"Anna Öhman","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.143499.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.143499.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a well-known diagnosis among physiotherapists specializing in pediatric care, especially when working with infants. However, knowledge of bilateral torticollis is limited. The purpose of this article was to describe how bilateral torticollis may present itself clinically.</p><p><strong>Case: </strong>Case I describes an infant with CMT with a sternocleidomastoid tumor (SMT) on the right side, with some limitation in rotation towards the right side and in lateral flexion towards the left side, the muscle on the right side was shortened. While sitting with support, he tilted his head to the left and was stronger in the lateral flexors on the left side which fits well with postural left-sided torticollis. The other infant had bilateral muscular torticollis, the sternocleidomastoid muscle had thickened bilaterally, and both active and passive rotations were affected. The head was held in flexion, and active rotation was severely limited on both sides. For both cases the therapeutic interventions were to gain a normal range of motion (ROM) and a good head position.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CMT can appear in different ways and may be bilateral. Both infants gained good ROM and better head position, however case I still needs some training. To gain more knowledge about bilateral CMT, we should follow these cases over a longer period of time. It is important to communicate and discuss our experiences with each other to understand rare cases of CMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12120420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"It's messy and it's massive\": How has the open science debate developed in the post-COVID era?","authors":"Melanie T Benson Marshall, Stephen Pinfield, Pamela Abbott, Andrew Cox, Juan Pablo Alperin, Natascha Chtena, Alice Fleerackers","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.162577.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.162577.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the global adoption of open science (OS) practices. However, as the pandemic subsides, the debate around OS continues to evolve. This study investigates how the pandemic has shaped the OS discourse and identifies key issues and challenges. Interviews were conducted with influential stakeholders across the research and publishing communities. The findings show that while many areas of debate remained constant, the ways in which they were discussed exposed underlying systemic challenges, which must be addressed if OS is to progress. These issues included the scope and definition of OS; regional variations in its implementation; the relationship between OS and fundamental questions of the purpose and practice of science; and the need to reform incentives and reward structures within the research system. A more complex understanding of OS is required, which takes into account the importance of equity and diversity and the challenges of implementing OS in different cultural and geographical contexts. The study emphasises the importance of shifting scientific culture to prioritise values such as quality, integrity, and openness, and reforming rewards structures to incentivise open practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment options applied to the preclinical studies using animal models for Chagas Disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Laura Yesenia Machaca-Luque, Mayron Antonio Candia-Puma, Brychs Milagros Roque-Pumahuanca, Haruna Luz Barazorda-Ccahuana, Luis Daniel Goyzueta-Mamani, Alexsandro Sobreira Galdino, Ricardo Andrez Machado-de-Ávila, Rodolfo Cordeiro Cordeiro Giunchetti, Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho, Miguel Angel Chavez-Fumagalli","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.150723.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.150723.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected tropical disease endemic to Latin America, has emerged as a global health concern due to the migration of infected individuals. With its epidemiological complexity, by difficulty to obtain appropriate diagnoses and poor treatment, the search for novel therapeutic options remains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this context, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies employing animal models to verify the progress in CD treatment. We searched the PubMed database for CD treatment studies published between 1990 and 2023, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve papers met the inclusion criteria. The findings indicate that the fifteen treatment alternatives examined, mainly between 2010 and 2014, demonstrated efficacy in experimental CD models, evidenced by significant parasitemia reduction. Bis-triazole DO870 and VNI were effective in the acute and chronic phases, respectively. However, of these emerging therapies, only posaconazole and fexinidazole have progressed to clinical trials, yielding unsatisfactory outcomes as CD monotherapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This meta-analysis highlights the existence of promising new drug candidates for CD treatment, but most remain in the preclinical stages. Those that reached clinical trials did not demonstrate optimal results, underscoring the ongoing challenges in CD therapy. Collaborative efforts among the academic community, pharmaceutical industries, funding agencies, and government agencies are urgently needed to accelerate the development of more effective medications against CD.</p><p><strong>Inplasy registration: </strong>INPLASY202430101 (25/03/2024).</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"885"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12123399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological And Morphometric analysis of Human External Ear with Its Implications in Sex and Stature Estimation -- A Preliminary Observational Study.","authors":"Shwetha Acharya, Chandni Gupta, Vikram Palimar, Sneha Guruprasad Kalthur, Purnima Adhikari","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.160629.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.160629.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The human ear is unique to individuals, and ear prints, like fingerprints, are discrete enough to distinguish identical twins. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the stature and sex using various morphometric parameters and morphological features of the external ear for forensic identification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional observational study involving 40 participants recruited using simple random sampling technique. Eighteen measurements were taken, and various morphological features were noted for both the right and left ears. A digital Vernier caliper was used to measure all linear parameters. The angles were measured using a goniometer. Normal distribution was verified using the Shapiro-Wilk test. For normally distributed parameters, an independent t-test was used, and for non-normally distributed parameters, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare sexes. To compare the right and left parameters, independent t-tests (for normally distributed data) and Mann-Whitney U tests (for non-normally distributed data) were applied. Sex determination and stature estimation were performed using logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In males and females, the most common shape was oval (47.5%), and the ear lobe was free (45%). When comparing the parameters of males on the right and left sides, it was noticed that only the ear inclination angle and concha mastoid angle showed significant differences (p < 0.05). It was seen that the right lobe width showed perfect separation, indicating its potential as an extremely reliable predictor of sex. It was noted that in females, the strongest correlation with height was with the ear inclination angle on both sides.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We can conclude from the results of this study that the right lobe width of external ear can be a reliable predictor of sex. Ear inclination angle on both sides showed strongest correlation with height. The results of this study can help forensic anthropologists identify the sex and stature of a person from various ear measurements in young South Indian adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}