N. A. Ali, A. R. Syafeeza, A. Jaafar, S. Shamsuddin, Norazlin Kamal Nor
{"title":"LSTM-based Electroencephalogram Classification on Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"N. A. Ali, A. R. Syafeeza, A. Jaafar, S. Shamsuddin, Norazlin Kamal Nor","doi":"10.30880/ijie.13.06.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.13.06.028","url":null,"abstract":"Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is categorized as a neurodevelopmental disability. Having an automated technology system to classify the ASD trait would have a huge influence on paediatricians, which can aid them in diagnosing ASD in children using a quantifiable method. A novel autism diagnosis method based on a bidirectional long-short-term-memory (LSTM) network's deep learning algorithm is proposed. This multi-layered architecture merges two LSTM blocks with the other direction of propagation to classify the output state on the brain signal data from an electroencephalogram (EEG) on individuals; normal and autism obtained from the Simon Foundation Autism Research Initiative (SFARI) database. The accuracy of 99.6% obtained for 90:10 train:test data distribution, while the accuracy of 97.3% was achieved for 70:30 distribution. The result shows that the proposed approach had better autism classification with upgraded efficiency compared to single LSTM network method and potentially giving a significant contribution in neuroscience research.","PeriodicalId":122564,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128283698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Technical Review on Reliability and Economic Assessment Framework of Hybrid Power System with Solar and Wind Based Distributed Generators","authors":"P. Paliwal","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.021","url":null,"abstract":"Recent years have witnessed an upsurge in the penetration of solar and wind power. This can be chiefly attributed to worldwide climate concern and inclination towards low carbon sources. Owing to their abundant availability, solar and wind sources are projected to play a key part in de-carbonization of power sector. However, the variability of these sources and high initial cost pose a major challenge in their deployment. Thus, reliability and economic assessment is imperative to hybrid power system(HPS) with solar and wind integration. This paper tenders a survey on different aspects involved in reliability and economic assessment of HPS. Various techniques employed in uncertainty modelling of climatological parameters like solar irradiance and wind velocity have been deliberated. A detailed discussion on reliability evaluation parameters as well as techniques along with their merits and demerits has been carried out. In order to impart a sense of extensiveness to review, a discussion on economic evaluation metrics has also been presented. Further, author’s critical comments on review along with suggestions for possible research avenues has also been presented. The review presented in this paper is envisioned to facilitate a comprehensive guide towards evaluation of solar and wind energy based HPS.","PeriodicalId":122564,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131270445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lip Kean Moey, Yao Horng Sing, Vin Cent Tai, Tze Fong Go, Yaw Yoong Sia
{"title":"Effect of Opening Size on Wind-Driven Cross Ventilation","authors":"Lip Kean Moey, Yao Horng Sing, Vin Cent Tai, Tze Fong Go, Yaw Yoong Sia","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2020.13.06.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2020.13.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"The opening size is important to the ventilation of building because various opening sizes affects the ventilation performance for building. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of opening size on indoor airflow characteristics of naturally ventilated building model. The numerical simulation with steady RANS equations was used. A total of six different opening ratios, namely 4:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 4:9 and 1:4 were considered in this study. The results of mesh independence study and model validation were also in good agreement with previous study. The simulation results show that velocity and pressure of the indoor air, ventilation rate, and pressure coefficient are highly dependent on the opening ratio. The velocity and pressure contour indicate that the lower the opening ratio, the higher the velocity and subsequently lower pressure inside the building. In addition, the pressure coefficient and ventilation rate are also increased as the opening ratio decreases. Besides, the results indicate that percentage increase in ventilation rate of opening ratio 4:1 and 2:1, 2:1 and 1:1, and 1:1 and 1:2 is higher than those of opening ratio for 1:2 and 4:9, 4:9 and 1:4. The study concluded that pairing a large outlet and small inlet leads to increase in better ventilation rate for building.","PeriodicalId":122564,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"285 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124270045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. A. Afolalu, O. Ikumapayi, M. Emetere, T. Ogedengbe
{"title":"Improvement of ASTM A53 Steel Durability Using Agrowastes as Carburizing Agent","authors":"S. A. Afolalu, O. Ikumapayi, M. Emetere, T. Ogedengbe","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of steel in manufacturing and construction over the past century cannot be over-emphasized and easy accessibility couple with excellent mechanical properties make it preferable over others. However, the problem of durability has posed a serious concern as majority of steel application are meant for long term use. Several attempts have been made to improve the durability of steel in the past and increase of carbon content in low carbon steel was found to be a suitable agent. Although getting carbon is not the challenge rather obtaining it from a sustainable source that has zero environment impact. This research identified two separate agrowaste that has high carbon content the issue of sustainability brought about the development of carburizing agent from agrowaste that are easily accessible namely palm kernel and eggshell which is employed in this research. The use of agrowaste was found to be effective as there was notable increase in grain structure of the carburized steel when compared to the control sample without carburized agent in it.","PeriodicalId":122564,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116212688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sunil Bhardwaj, N. Bhardwaj, Vijay Kumar, B. Parashar, Mohit Kumar Kakkar, J. Bhatti
{"title":"Computational Study Reliability of Diesel Engine through Electrical Assembly","authors":"Sunil Bhardwaj, N. Bhardwaj, Vijay Kumar, B. Parashar, Mohit Kumar Kakkar, J. Bhatti","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.015","url":null,"abstract":"Diesel engine's complexity is a primary cause of breakdown or inability. Engine failure impacts device performance and thus efficiency. It often increases the cost of maintenance as the system goes down again and again. The main aim of this analysis is therefore to concentrate on aspects of the reliability and availability of diesel locomotive engines. For this reason, a large collection of observations is explored to evaluate the availability output of electrical assembly components. Weibull distribution is then used to analyse the reliability of the system and the rate of failure information that can be used in the rail industry to minimize unforeseen failures and to increase the reliability as well as the availability of diesel locomotives. A comparative study of Weibull distribution with the other distribution has been carried out to show the benefits of the Weibull distribution.","PeriodicalId":122564,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130554139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nor Azlina Ab. Aziz, Nor Hidayati Abdul Aziz, S. N. M. Sayed Ismail, Chy Mohammed Tawsif Khan, Muhammad Anas Hasnul, Md. Armanur Rahman, Tasiransurini Ab Rahman, Kamarulzaman Ab. Aziz
{"title":"Awareness and Readiness of Malaysian University Students for Emotion Recognition System","authors":"Nor Azlina Ab. Aziz, Nor Hidayati Abdul Aziz, S. N. M. Sayed Ismail, Chy Mohammed Tawsif Khan, Muhammad Anas Hasnul, Md. Armanur Rahman, Tasiransurini Ab Rahman, Kamarulzaman Ab. Aziz","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.026","url":null,"abstract":"Emotion Recognition System (ERS) identifies human emotion like happiness, sadness, anger, disgust and fear. These emotions can be detected via various modalities such as facial expression analysis, voice intonation, and physiological signals like the brain’s electroencephalogram (EEG) and heart’s electrocardiogram (ECG). The emotion recognition system allows machines to recognized human emotions and reacts to it. It offers broad areas of application, from smart home automation to entertainment recommendation system to driving assistance and to automated security system. It is a promising and interesting field to be explored especially as we are moving towards industrial revolution 5.0. Therefore, a survey was conducted on the awareness and readiness of the usage of emotion recognition system among Malaysian youths, specifically among university students. The findings are presented here. Overall, positive orientation towards the technology is observed among the participants and they are ready for its adoption","PeriodicalId":122564,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"693 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116185170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Prasanth, S. Nikitha, R. Pulsingh, M. Sampath, Shaik Bazee, Chandra Mouli Badiganti
{"title":"Influence of Milling Process Parameters on Machined Surface Quality of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composites Using Taguchi Analysis and Grey Relational Analysis","authors":"I. Prasanth, S. Nikitha, R. Pulsingh, M. Sampath, Shaik Bazee, Chandra Mouli Badiganti","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the milled surface quality of Uni-Directional Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (UD-CFRP) composites from Taguchi’s and grey relational analysis. The novelty is demonstrating the possibility of detecting the surface defects in polymer composites during milling using SEM analysis. The material used for this study is UD-CFRP composite laminates and made by hand-layup process. All the milling operations were carried out using a solid tungsten carbide end milling tool and experiments conducted on CNC milling machine. Taguchi L9, 3-level orthogonal array was considered for experimentation. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was conducted to explore the significance of each individual input process parameters on multiple performance characteristics. Optimal process parameters are thoroughly validated by grey relational grade achieved by the grey relational analysis for multi performance characteristics. Finally, experimental results were correlated and analyzed with scanning electron micrographs using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).","PeriodicalId":122564,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127615020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. N. Wan Busu, Ruey Shan Chen, Dalila Shahdan, Muhammad Jefri Mohd Yusof, M. J. Saad, S. Ahmad
{"title":"Statistical Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology for Enhanced Tensile Strength of Polyethylene/Graphene Nanocomposites","authors":"W. N. Wan Busu, Ruey Shan Chen, Dalila Shahdan, Muhammad Jefri Mohd Yusof, M. J. Saad, S. Ahmad","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"Despite having remarkable features such as low density, ease of fabrication and recyclability, linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) has several drawbacks like poor stiffness and low creep resistance which fortunately can be improved by incorporating with other suitable nanofillers. In this study, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) that are well-known for its high surface area and superior stability were selected to reinforce the polymer network of LLDPE via melt blending. During mixing processing, the rotor speed, mixing temperature and mixing time parameters are manipulated with the aids of 5-level-3-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) in order to determine the optimization of processing parameters in preparing LLDPE/GNPs nanocomposites. The experimental data is fitted with the statistically significant quadratic model with R2 value of 0.8601. The results showed that the tensile strength of LLDPE/GNPs nanocomposites could be extended to 24.80 MPa. The optimum processing parameters for preparation of LLDPE/GNPs nanocomposites were found to be at 101 rpm rotor speed, 139.8oC of mixing temperature and 13.2 min of mixing time, resulting in LLDPE/GNPs nanocomposites with tensile strength of 24.11 MPa. Conclusively, our study has provided a novel statistical design of experiment to obtain the optimum processing parameters in preparing LLDPE/GNPs nanocomposites.","PeriodicalId":122564,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131213532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-objective Optimization of Turning Performance Characteristics using GA Coupled with AHP based Approach","authors":"S. Tamang, M. Chandrasekaran","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.012","url":null,"abstract":"Heat resistive super alloys (HRSAs) which are commonly known as Inconel alloys are extensively used in aeronautical, food processing and automobile industries. The machinability and parametric optimization of Inconel 825 have not been reported much in the literatures. This study attempts to experimentally investigate and optimize the process parameters during machining Inconel 825 for multiple performance characteristics. Spindle speed (N), feed rate (f) and depth of cut (d) are optimized for different responses namely surface roughness (Ra), cutting force (Fz) and metal removal rate (MRR). Feed is found to have the highest influence on Ra and Fz. A mathematical model based on multiple regression analysis is developed for predicting Ra, Fz and MRR. Taguchi analysis is used for optimizing single objective through mean effect plots. For simultaneously optimizing all the responses a weighted combination of objective function is formulated and optimized using genetic algorithm (GA).The optimum parametric combination being 1200 rpm, 0.113 mm/rev and 0.825 mm for N, f and d respectively. In the present work analytical hierarchy processes (AHP) is employed for evaluating weights for each performance measures based on their relative importance. Also, Pareto optimality approach is used for obtaining optimum solutions that produce components with maximum MRR at desired value of Ra is another new contribution of this research. The Pareto optimal solution yields a minimum surface roughness of 1.42µm at N=1204.5 rpm, f=0.124 mm/rev and d=0.503 mm. This is quite lower than the minimum value of 1.6µm obtained experimentally. The NSGA-II result was verified experimentally and the actual surface roughness obtained was1.46µm resulting in an error percentage of 2.8%. The developed approach can be economically applied for the production of quality components from Inconel 825 by industries.","PeriodicalId":122564,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123190698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Mohd Rosli, Hiew Sit Jing, Nur Izzati Mohd Azhar, M. Saputra, Sulaiman Ali
{"title":"A Simulation Study of Drying Chamber for Marine Product","authors":"M. A. Mohd Rosli, Hiew Sit Jing, Nur Izzati Mohd Azhar, M. Saputra, Sulaiman Ali","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2021.13.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"Drying chamber is a drying application for agriculture product to produce high quality and hygiene product. The purpose of this paper is to propose best configuration trays arrangement in drying chamber for better distribution of velocity and temperature. Therefore, five configurations of trays are analyzed to obtain the best performance of uniformity air flow distribution within drying chamber. CFD simulation studied the uniform air flow in the drying chamber in steady state condition. A validation is performed by comparing the data obtained from the literature review CFD simulation to ensure the methodology is correct. Then, the drying chamber with different trays arrangements are simulated using CFD simulations to obtain velocity and temperature distributions at nine plotted points on trays. From the results obtained, it concluded that design (A) and (D) are selected as the best designs for uniformity because there is less discrepancy for each point contributed the more uniformity of distribution.","PeriodicalId":122564,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132470423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}