International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive最新文献

{"title":"Non-destructive technique for erosion and corrosion monitoring system","authors":"Jacintha Joseph, Asnor Juraiza Ishak, Azura Che Soh, Nagur Aziz Kamar Bashah, Abdulrahman Taha Mohammed","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0141","url":null,"abstract":"Erosion and corrosion of pipeline occurs over time and this data should be given the same care as other data in oil and gas industry. Moreover, most notification systems available send an alert only when the issue is at a late stage. Therefore, the aim of this study is to create a monitoring system that would help in minimizing the impact of erosion and corrosion of pipeline related issues. There are three objectives includes: data separation, online and offline database storage and an email notification system. This study also emphasizes the importance of incorporating a database for evaluation of oil and gas pipeline’s wall thickness data in terms of its health status. As the data obtained is essential, a web application is created to store the data whenever internet is available. Otherwise, it will be stored in a temporary offline database known as MYSQL Workbench, and the data is automatically uploaded once the internet is available. A notification system via internet is developed to notify the executives regarding unhealthy pipeline status. A healthy pipeline wall thickness is between 4.3mm and 4.5mm. Thus, data with lower than 4.3mm is noted as eroded while data greater than 4.5mm is recorded as corroded. The monitoring system designed for online and offline data storage along with email notification performed accordingly. Therefore, the developed system fulfils the objectives and help in mitigating erosion and corrosion of pipelines related issues at an earlier stage in saving lives, maintenance fees and the environment.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127424716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the quality and safety of food products in Libreville","authors":"Solange Kiki-Mvouaka, Florence Gheloube, Kowir Pambo Bellow","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0152","url":null,"abstract":"In Africa and Gabon particularly, rampant urbanization, the increase in female professional activity, the break-up of the classic family model have induced new eating behaviors and consumption patterns. The development of the cold chain promotes the reduction of food losses, the conformity of products to quality requirements, market safety and the improvement of production. The cold chain is therefore an essential factor in food safety. In Gabon, national consumption needs are more or less covered by local production with regard to plantain, cassava, taro, yam and fish products. The coverage rate is zero for rice, wheat, fruit ballast, quite low for vegetables, meat and poultry. So much so that it is common to hear people say in Libreville: “I am going to buy the embalmed, how are we going to do it again?”. FAO 2008 defines food security as a state where \"all human beings have, at all times, physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food, enabling them to satisfy their energy needs and food preferences to carry out a healthy and active life » Our non-stratified sample includes teachers and ATOS staff from the ENS Libreville campus. A total of 100 questionnaires are distributed, only 88 are collected for the study. The survey conducted within the premises of the Superior Normal School of Libreville is not statistically representative of the whole country. The limitations of the study are related to its geographical coverage. The approach is based on the place of purchase and the type of purchase. This study shows that respondents determine the quality of what they buy by the eyes, the color, the smell and the place of purchase. As places of purchase they prefer supermarkets (Mbolo, CKDO). Many of them believe that the authorities do not pay enough attention to the quality of food. The objective of this work is to understand the processes that populations bring into play in the development of food quality.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125892353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A morphometric study of anterior fontanel in eastern Indian population and its clinical correlation","authors":"Niloy Kumar Das, SHANTANU NANDY, RAKESH MONDAL, SOMOSRI RAY, AVIJIT HAZRA","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0144","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The fontanels are soft membrane covered gaps and the meeting of more than two cranial bones placed side by side. There are six fontanels, of which anterior fontanel is most prominent. We tried to determine the anterior fontanel dimension of the neonates of different gestational age. This in turn will help in diagnosing newborns with serious medical conditions and ensuring their prompt care. Objectives: Estimation of neonatal anterior fontanel area, for use in neonatal screening. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital with 530 consecutively live born new born of 28 -41 weeks gestation. After three days of life anterior fontanel area was measured. The values were summarized using descriptive statistics, including percentile values. Results: In index study, we deducted anterior fontanel dimensions of newborns of gestational age ranging from 28 to 41 weeks. The mean anterior fontanel size was 3.20 ± 1.71. Anterior fontanel variation with gestational age showed that anterior fontanel area increases with increase in gestational age. However, another study with greater number of participants and in a community setting may be helpful. Conclusion: Anterior fontanel area can be used as a tool for identifying newborns with grave ailments. Abnormal fontanel measurement can be either large or small anterior fontanel. These are associated with many important consequences. Detecting them early will help in seeking appropriate medical guidance.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132295171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance and carcass characteristics of broiler finisher fed diets containing water hyacinth meal as a replacement for wheat offal","authors":"Odukoya S. O, Sodeeq A. E, Orimoogunje A.A, Adewole A.O","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0153","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of broilers finisher fed diets containing water hyacinth meal as a replacement for wheat offal at various inclusion levels. Ninety broiler finisher were used for this study which were allotted equally into three dietary treatments such that Treatment 1 served as the Control without inclusion of water hyacinth meal; Treatment 2 had inclusion of 5% water hyacinth meal and Treatment 3 were served the inclusion of 10% water hyacinth as a replacement for wheat offal respectively in a Completely Randomized Design. Data were collected on performance and carcass characteristics of the chicken, the data were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS. Result revealed that there was no significantly difference (p>0.05) in the initial weight, final weight, total weight gain and average daily weight gain among the control and water hyacinth meal diets. However, there were significant (p<0.05) differences in the feed intake, average daily feed intake and the feed conversion ratio of the experimental birds. There was no significant differences (p>0.05) of the treatments on carcass characteristics of the chicken except in the weight of the head and shank of the chicken. Based on the result obtained, it is therefore concluded that inclusion of water hyacinth meal up to 10% as a replacement for wheat offal in broiler finisher diet did not have effect on growth performance as well as carcass characteristics. Thus it is recommended that further studies could be conducted on increasing the inclusion levels of water hyacinth meal as supplementary diet or replacement of wheat offal in broiler production","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114906400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation of the Acacia trees seeds (Senegal and mellifera) for germination in Bisha region- Saudi Arabia","authors":"Mohamed Dawood Elgabori","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0159","url":null,"abstract":"The study conducted in Bisha Province Saudi Arabia about the adaptation of the acacia trees seeds germination, the main goal is of the study to evaluate the seeds germination of type of acacia trees in Bisha area, which its result with on germination seeds due to loss soil maturation elements. The important recommendation, the germination of acacia plants only by seedling in Bisha area.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121361521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glutathione-S-transferase (GSTM1 and GSTT1) polymorphism and lead toxicity in individuals environmentally exposed to lead","authors":"S Rabiu, MG Abubakar, DM Sahabi, MA Makusidi, SAMAS Eqani","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0124","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic variation in enzymes involved in metal detoxification could have influence on susceptibility to lead-induced oxidative stress. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of genetic variation of Glutathione-S- transferase gene on oxidative stress markers (GSH, SOD, CAT and MDA) among individuals environmentally exposed to lead. GSTM1 and GSTT1 null homozygous genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Blood lead levels were determined using Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (MP- AES-Agilent 4210 USA). Activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione levels were assayed using Cayman’s commercial kits. The study found mean blood lead levels of the study subjects of 78.16± 5.79µg/dl with range from 26.6 to 191.0 µg/dl. The frequencies of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes were 23% and 50.8% respectively. The frequency was high in individuals with blood lead levels greater than 70µg/dl. Significant decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT), glutathione levels and concomitant increased of MDA concentrations were observed in individuals with GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes. Therefore, findings from this study were enough to infer a causal relationship between environmental exposure to lead and oxidative stress. Individuals who are homologous null at GSTM1 and GSTT1 loci predispose to increased risk of multi-organs toxicity from environmental exposure to lead.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"10 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123260388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high throughput phenotyping technique for banana cultivar Sukali Ndizi based on internal fruit quality attributes","authors":"Henry Buregyeya, Steven Kashub. Tumwesigye, Ephraim Nuwamanya, Moses Matovu, Priver Namanya, Kephas Nowankunda, Wilberforce K Tushemereirwe, Patrick Rubaihayo","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0155","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sukali Ndizi quality traits such as Total soluble solid (TSS) content, pulp texture and sugar/acid (S/A) ratio are critical in quality assessment. Screening very large numbers of fruit genotypes has prompted the development of a high throughput method using Near Infrared spectrometry (NIRS). Results: The calibration procedure for the attributes of TSS, pulp texture and S/A ratio was optimized with respect to a reference sampling technique, scan averaging, spectral window, data pre-treatment and regression procedure. Calibration equations for all analytical characteristics were computed by NIR Software ISI Present WINISI using Modified Partial Least Squares (MPLS) and Partial Least Squares. The quality of calibration models were evaluated by Standard Error of Calibration and coefficient of determination parameters between the measured and the predicted values. The results obtained with FOSS NIR systems 2500 spectrometer (model DS 2500) using the 350-2500 nm range, showed good prediction of the quality traits TSS content, pulp texture and S/A ratio. The MPLS method produced satisfactory Calibration model performance for TSS, texture and S/A ratio, with typical Rc2 of 0.73%Brix, 0.69kgf and 0.7; and root mean squared standard error of calibration of 0.73%Brix, 0.25kgf and 5.36 respectively. This is a good set of quality traits predicting Sukali Ndizi quality with NIRS with robustness, as it was obtained by using diverse Ndizi populations. Conclusions: This can be a useful tool to phenotype large numbers of Ndizi hybrids per day, making it possible to reduce on the resources spent when utilizing organoleptic evaluation selection technique.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125261869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges Imposed by online-based learning on acquiring clinical knowledge and skills","authors":"Firdous Jahan, Mohammed Al Azri, Arwa Hilal Salim Al Azri, Laila Alwahaibi, Muhammad Siddiqui","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0122","url":null,"abstract":"Background; Medical students in clinical years are supposed to be independent, self-directed learner to motivate in depth learning. In response to COVID-19, medical education faculty have quickly transitioned to online formats that include COVID-19 crisis. The main purpose of this study was to assess the experience of clinical years’ students with online-based learning during the COVID19 pandemic. Method; A cross sectional survey based study was carried out in two medical colleges. Data was collected on self-administered questionnaire satisfaction regarding clinical knowledge and skills gained via online-based learning. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0). Data were expressed in frequencies, mean and percentages. Results; Total 210 participants 50% from NUST and SQU, 71% female. Half of study participants (NUST-52.4% and SQU-60.0%) found online teaching ineffective. More than half of students (60.5%) experienced poor internet access. A total of 22.9% of students agreed and 50.5% of students were some extent agreed that they were able to achieve their objectives. More than two third (83.8%) or NUST and 61% of SQU students did not manage to achieve practical skills. In the questionnaire response, 88.6% of NUST and 69.5% of SQU students believed that online teaching is not sufficient to prepare clinical years students to become skilled future doctors. A significant difference (p-0.001) was observed between NUST and SQU student’s responses. Conclusion; Medical students in clinical years need in depth learning with maximum hands on practice. The webinar teaching has impact on medical student education, affecting the practice and training. Students believed that online teaching in its current form is not sufficient to prepare clinical years students to become skilled future doctors.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129447921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral effect of Cassia singueana Del. (Fabaceae) extract against isolation rearing-induced cognitive impairment in albino rats","authors":"Ibrahim Yusuf Alkali, Magaji Muhammed Garba, Jamilu Ya’u","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0119","url":null,"abstract":"Early life stress negatively alters brain development and couldlead to the development of psychiatricdisorder. Exposing animals to early-life adverse events, including maternal separation or social isolation, greatly affects brain development and adult behaviour and may contribute to the occurrence of psychiatric manifestations, such as positive, negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. These symptoms can be depicted in different animal models. Aim: This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of Cassia singueana on isolation rearing-induced cognitive impairment in rats. Materials and Methods: Pharmacological intervention (Risperidone 1mg/kg/day, graded doses of Cassia singueana extract or Distilled water 10ml/kg) was introduced 4 weeks(adolescence) and one group 8 weeks(young adulthood) after IR (i.e., rats were 7- or 11-week-old). The intervention lasted for 8 weeks, after which the rats in all the various groups were subjected toopen field test, forced swim test, novel object recognition test, y-maze and post isolation grooming test. Rats’ hippocampus immediately after sacrifice was removed to measure the level of MDA, SOD and GSH. Results: Cassia singueana extract significantly decrease the hyper locomotion in open field, it also significantly decrease the duration of immobility in forced swim test. CSE also increase the exploration time of novel object and improved the recognition index. The extract also significantly increases the number of actual alternation and spontaneous alternation in y-maze. However the extract did not improve the duration of grooming in isolation reared rats. CSE also significantly improved the level of antioxidant enzymes. Conclusion: The study results revalidate the utility of the isolation rearing paradigm in exploring mental disorders with neurodevelopmental origin, especially schizophrenia and Cassia singueana extract contained phytochemicals with tendency to ameliorate all the three symptoms of schizophrenia possibly through their antioxidant properties.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130540680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological features and anatomical variations of the Foramen Transversarium in Cervical vertebrae: A study in Eastern Indian population","authors":"Niloy Kumar Das, Urmimala Basu","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0156","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The foramina transversaria (FT) is a cardinal feature of the Cervical Vertebra. It transmits the vertebral vascular bundle (vertebral artery, and veins) and the sympathetic plexus which accompanies the vessels. Variations in number, size, shape & other morphological details of foramen transversarium give rise to neurological as well as hearing impairment. We in the index study, deliberated over the variations of FT as well as accessory FT. This in turn will help neurology surgeons as well as orthopedic surgeons while performing surgeries on the cervical spine. Objectives: Study of variations in number, size, shape & other morphological details of foramen transversarium in order to facilitate spinal surgery of cervical vertebra. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional, single center, observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital with 160 sets, exactly 1099 human cervical vertebrae. All cervical vertebrae were observed macroscopically, on both the sides for presence of: Variations in number, size, shape & other morphological details of foramen transversarium. Variations in number, size, shape & other morphological details of accessory foramen transversarium. Results: According to our observation type 4 is the most prevalent category in the right side (39.67%); whereas type 5 (30.12%) is the commonest category in the left side, being closely seconded by type 1(28.57%). The incidence of AFT (Accessory Foramina Transversarium) varied from 2.5% to 17.61 %. There is progressive increase in incidence from C1 to C7 except C2 where the incidence was zero. Conclusion: The data provided by the present study on the morphology of foramen transversarium can be helpful in the interpretation of radiographic pictures and in computerized tomography for the diagnostic purposes. They may also be of assistance in determining a more accurate surgical approach to the removal of osteophytes or spurs compressing the vertebral arteries, or for other interventions in that area.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116701812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}