International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive最新文献

{"title":"New pieces of the puzzle of the genesis of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: A critical review","authors":"Gusti N. Mahardika","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0058","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the underlying process that leads to the generation of a pandemic strain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is scientifically and politically imperative to identify practices that could generate more devastating pandemics. New evidences are presented here by applying simple descriptive bioinformatics of full genome sequences of human and animal coronaviruses including bat’s and pangolin’s, BLAST search of the possible origin of the 12-nucleotide insertion in the S1/S2 cleavage site, and a map of the presence of accessory proteins of SARS-CoV-2 in those coronaviruses. Together with published wide coverage of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses, we reconstruct the probable underlying process of pandemic strain generation. Based on overwhelming data, the trade and farming of animals that harbors SARS-CoV-2-like viruses should be stopped immediately.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114853642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathophysiology of NAMPT in the progression and suppression of heart related diseases","authors":"Nebechukwu William Eneh, Etinosa Bright Ovabor, Joel Oluwamurewa Olayemi, Kelechi Charity Nnadi, Sofia Hussein Suleiman","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0059","url":null,"abstract":"Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is an important enzyme that catalyzes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis. NAMPT and NAD are vital for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and modulation of cellular metabolism. However, the role of NAMPT in the pathophysiology of heart related diseases is not clearly understood but different researchers have over the years tried to explain the actual role of NAMPT in the occurrence of heart diseases. High-circulating levels of NAMPT are reported in different pathological conditions. Extracellular NAMPT is a proinflammatory cytokine that has attracted a considerable attention recently with respect to induction of cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, studies have also revealed that NAMPT play a very important role in combating NAD depletion in the presence of NAD consuming enzymes, hence preventing the onset of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. This review further explained in detail the role of NAMPT in the progression and suppression of heart diseases as well as cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125262979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory effect of Solanum anguivi fruit extracts against lead-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver and kidney","authors":"Tugbobo OS, Idowu KS, Stephen-Amzat B., LAYO-AKINGBADE TO","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0055","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid incidence of liver and kidney disorders resulting in high mortality nowadays is of great concern and there is this very need to salvage the sudden death resulting from the disorders. Lipid peroxidation which is the hallmark of oxidative stress that damage body tissues is prominent as one of the causative factors leading to many chronic and degenerative diseases. This study is sought to investigate the inhibitory effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Solanum Anguivi fruit against lead acetate induced lipid peroxidation in the liver and kidney tissues of albino rats in vitro using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The results obtained indicate a concentration dependent increase in inhibitory potential of the extracts against lead acetate in both liver and kidney tissues. Highest extract inhibitory potential was (90%) at highest extract concentration (160mg/ml) and this was obtained in the liver tissue. Hence, the results from this study suggest that oxidative stress in liver and kidney tissues could be potentially prevented or managed by dietary intake of Solanum Anguivi fruits.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114716600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of polymorphism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and its association with age group and HIV sero-status in Ngaoundéré-Cameroon","authors":"Joseph Paul Marius Koualiagnigni, Jean Paul Assam Assam, Moussa Moupe, Rodrigue roman Dongang Nana, Nkanghe Maureen Bih, Fabrice Hervé Ngamga Njiké, Génévieve Andoseh, Ulrich Tiani, Emmanuel Mpondo Mpondo, Rosalie Annie Ngono Ngane, Véronique Penlap Beng","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0057","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary tuberculosis is a millennial scourge that is still current, and considered one of the most communicable diseases in the world. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity of isolates of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Ngaoundéré. We estimates it from newly diagnosed sputum smear-positive patients by spoligotyping method. In total we obtained 21 different profiles including 9 orphan profiles and 12 clusters grouping from 2 to 54 strains. The comparison of the profiles of the strains of Ngaoundéré studied here with those of the strains of the genetically known families and listed in the SpolDB4 database reveals 14 profiles. Of these, 73 (45.6%) isolates belong to the LAM10_CAM family while 67 (41.9%) were non LAM10_CAM strains. Strains classified into non LAM10_CAM family included strains from the T family 38 (23.75%), Uganda family 15 (9.37%), Haarlem family 10 (6.25%), and others. Among the Shared Types, ST 61 member of the LAM10_CAM represented 54 (36.98%) and ST 53 member of the T family represented 24 (16.49%). No correlation was found between the genotypes identified and both the serological status and sex. The results show that M. tuberculosis was the only species incriminated with a strong predominance of ST 61 clones from the LAM 10_CAM family and ST53 from the T family.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130036290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wireharness continuity test equipment design microcontroller-based aircraft module and atmega328p NRF24l01+ Wireless","authors":"Jaja Kustija, Zulkarnain, Irvan Purnama, Irgi Surya, Diki Fahrizal","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0056","url":null,"abstract":"In the manufacture of aircraft there are systems - systems that are very complex and must be integrated with each other, these systems are integrated with each other with wireharness transmission media. Wireharness is a collection of cables that are tied to form a bundle into a single unit. The continuity testing tool available today uses a multimeter, the disadvantage of using a multimeter is that it takes a long time to carry out because it must be tested one by one point to be tested while there are quite a lot of points to be tested, both operators often have difficulty when looking for cable addresses on the wirelist, the three tools used are not flexible. The purpose of this research is to design and make an aircraft wireharness continuity test tool that can test quickly because it can test many points at the same time, makes it easier for operators when looking for cable addresses on the wirelist, and is flexible when testing because it can measure two points that are quite far apart. far compared to a multimeter probe. This tool has two parts master and slave and each part uses an Atmega328p microcontroller-based controller as a data processor. Then also used 2 CD74HC4067 ICs, namely a 4 to 16 line multiplexer/demultiplexer whose binary output is controlled by a microcontroller. As well as for unidirectional communication between master and slave using NRF24l01+ (wireless). To operate the tool and display the results of the wireharness test, an application program was created using Visual Studio 2010 with the Visual Basic programming language. The system created will be realized into hardware capable of conducting a continuity test of 32 connection pin points in a multipoint to multipoint manner. After all systems are realized, then further testing is carried out on the tool, where this test is carried out to find out whether this tool can operate in accordance with what was planned. In continuity testing with this tool, it is able to produce good tests because it is able to carry out multipoint continuity tests and the communication distance between master and slave is 20 meters, and the testing time using this tool is 46.2% faster than using a multimeter. By using this continuity tester to speed up the work, the result is safer because the cable connections are not confused, can test the connection is disconnected or connected.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126035868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation of Irish potato to Kebbi state Agro-ecological zone of Nigeria","authors":"H. Yusuf, A. Muhammad, H. Y. Sanda, S. Ajikobi, M.U. Tanimu, A. Aisha, I. I. Shade, A. L. Hafsa, S.K. Manir","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.2.0127","url":null,"abstract":"Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), sometimes known as Irish potato, was developed in the Andes Cordillera's high plains, where it is widely cultivated for food. In the mid-16th century, the Spanish conquerors of Peru discovered the crop and introduced it to Spain and western Europe. Potato tubers comprise 70–82 percent water, 17–29 percent dry matter, 11–23 percent carbohydrate, 0.8–3 percent protein, 0.1 percent fat, and 1.1 percent minerals, according to their composition. Important vitamins like thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C are produced in greater quantities per hectare in potatoes than in other main crops like rice, maize, and wheat. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the adaptation of Irish Potato to Kebbi State Agro-ecological zone of Nigeria during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. Three irrigation intervals (3, 6, and 9 days), four NPK (20: 10: 10) fertilizer rates (0, 300, 600, and 900kg ha-1), and three potato cultivars are included in the treatments (Nicola, Bertita, and Diamant). A split-plot design with three replications was used to lay out the treatments. The main plots were assigned a factorial combination of irrigation interval and NPK rates, whereas the subplots were given varieties. Potato variety Diamant proved to be the most robust in terms of plant height and number of branches; and Nicola in terms of number of leaves per plant. Variety Nicola had an edge over the two other varieties in terms of fresh tuber yield probably as a result of its higher tuber number per stand. The result implies that the use of either of 600 or 900kg NPK ha-1 and the Variety Nicola could be considered adopted for higher fresh potato yield since recorded superior performance in the study area.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132084321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blended learning programs in hearing health care in developing countries during a pandemic: Opportunity or disaster?","authors":"Marinda Uys, Dorette Swiegers","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0035","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: With COVID-19, tertiary education was mostly transferred to online instead of face-to-face learning, as this was the only way to go forward during the pandemic. Blended learning refers to teaching that combine face-to-face instruction with online learning. It has the advantages that students can learn at their own pace through the convenience of online learning and can interact with peers and tutors in face-to-face sessions. For blended learning, the challenges during COVID-19 were even more. The Eduplex Training Institute (ETI) in South Africa, presents blended learning programs in hearing health care for students. Completion of these programs during COVID-19 were specifically challenged since students completed an online theoretical component and had to travel to South Africa to attend face-to-face practical workshops. In Africa, travel restrictions were set in many countries and specific travel to South Africa was prohibited by many governments. This prohibited students from attending face-to-face practical sessions and additional plans had to be made for students to successfully complete programs. Methodology: The purpose of this study was to determine whether students and tutors from developing countries, found blended learning during COVID-19 as a possible way to continue studies. A survey research design was implemented to determine students’ and tutors’ perceptions regarding blended learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, challenges faced and adaptations that had to be made to complete programs successfully. Results: Results indicated that students and tutors felt that it was possible to complete blended learning programs successful during the COVID-19 pandemic but there were several challenges that required adaptations to current programs. Students considered the lack of availability and affordability of internet connectivity as the biggest challenge, followed by the lack of access to personal equipment, unsuitable learning environments and insufficient time for learning as many of the students were working while studying. For tutors the main challenges were that they had to be adaptable – programs could not continue as initially planned. This had specific influence on the timeline of the program as it took students longer to complete programs than the initial time that was allocated. Other challenges included lack of appropriate learning material for the original planned face-to-face sessions that had to be presented in a different manner, lack of appropriate training to design and manage learning management programs, lack of personal equipment and software programs at their home environment and keeping students motivated. Changes that were required to the programs included: use of programs that required little data, ensuring Word documents, PowerPoint presentations and PDF files were downloadable, restricted use of images and graphics, use of pre-recorded lectures and allowing additional contact sessions. Conclusion: Altho","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"19 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126073804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal involvement in bio- weathering of historical monument with reference to Rumi Darwazaat Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), India","authors":"Sanjay Prasad Gupta, Rohit Mishra","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0038","url":null,"abstract":"Fungi are complex communities of microorganisms that damage historic monuments. The present study was made to examine the diversity of fungi associated with deteriorated monument sites. In the present investigation, 10 samples were collected from various portions of deteriorating sites of Rumi Darwaza (gate) at Lucknow. Five fungal species isolated from deteriorated monument sites are reported in this paper. The most frequent isolated fungal species from the historic monument sites are Aspergillus niger.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130121550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Damage assessment of Oryctes rhinoceros Beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros Linn) and its host range in selected sites in the Philippines","authors":"Allan Beriso Del Rosario","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0051","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to determine the extent of damage and host range of O. rhinoceros in different coconut areas in the Philippines. Using the five criteria based on Bedfort assessment, at least 50 coconut palms in one hectare were randomly selected and replicated three times from selected provinces in Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. Results revealed that there were at least considered alternate host of O. rhinoceros; such as buri (Corypha elata), anahaw (Saribus rotundifolius), oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), nipa palm (Nypa fruticans), betel nut (Areca catechu), banana (Musa spp.), pineapple (Ananas comosus), papaya (Carica papaya), and Colocasia (Colocasia spp). Moreover, the most affected other host plant were African oil palm, particularly in Palawan and Davao del Sur sites where this is periodically planted as replacement for sugarcane, banana, coconut palm and forest areas. The percentage of infested coconut palm based on the leaf damage caused by beetle was found ranging from 6.47 to 10.67%. Among the coconut fields surveyed, Goa, Camarines Sur site got the highest percentage of damage with 10.67% followed by San Francisco, Quezon (8.79%) Ragay, Camarines Sur, Baler and Dingalan, Aurora, Lopez, Quezon with 8.68%, 8.45%, 8.19%, and 7.53% respectively. In contrast, relatively low percentage of damage was recorded in Buenavista, Marinduque with 6.47%. In terms of leaf damage category, the highest was also observed in Goa, Camarines Sur with 2.01 followed by Baler Aurora and Padada, Davao del Sur with 1.89. The same category were observed in Dingalan, Aurora and Aborlan, Palawan with 1.87 while the lowest damage category was recorded from Valencia, Negros Oriental with 1.83. Attacks on coconut palms were not shown any danger on the plants.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114071018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of a correct diagnosis in breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma: Case report","authors":"Daniela Stuht-Lopez, Paola Iturralde-RosasPriego, Javier Gomezpedroso-Rea, Miguel Angel Mancera-Resendiz, Manuel Ubiergo-García, Verónica Gutiérrez-García, Diego López-Gutiérrez, Nicole Elbjorn-Medina","doi":"10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2023.4.1.0048","url":null,"abstract":"Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare neoplasm responsible for 0.04% to 0.5% of all cases of breast disease. It occurs in patients with a previous history of breast implants that generally progress without complications during the first years of post-operatory and is mainly associated with macro-textured implants. Due to its low incidence, it does not represent the first probable diagnosis in patients with a breast tumor. This article reports the case of a patient with BIA-ALCL initially treated as a Hodgkin's lymphoma. We emphasize the importance of a correct and complete diagnosis by immunohistochemistry before imaging in patients that develop a breast tumor associated with the prosthetic capsule after breast implant surgery and its adequate treatment, including surgery.","PeriodicalId":122395,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive","volume":"7 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132624232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}