Pathophysiology of NAMPT in the progression and suppression of heart related diseases

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is an important enzyme that catalyzes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis. NAMPT and NAD are vital for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and modulation of cellular metabolism. However, the role of NAMPT in the pathophysiology of heart related diseases is not clearly understood but different researchers have over the years tried to explain the actual role of NAMPT in the occurrence of heart diseases. High-circulating levels of NAMPT are reported in different pathological conditions. Extracellular NAMPT is a proinflammatory cytokine that has attracted a considerable attention recently with respect to induction of cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, studies have also revealed that NAMPT play a very important role in combating NAD depletion in the presence of NAD consuming enzymes, hence preventing the onset of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. This review further explained in detail the role of NAMPT in the progression and suppression of heart diseases as well as cardiovascular diseases.