Joseph Blanco, Pamela Quimbaya, Manuel Mena, Seetal Dodd, Rosa-Helena Bustos
{"title":"Profiling the combination of bupropion and dextromethorphan as a treatment option for major depressive disorder.","authors":"Joseph Blanco, Pamela Quimbaya, Manuel Mena, Seetal Dodd, Rosa-Helena Bustos","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2374024","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2374024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common mental health disorder marked by sadness, hopelessness, and anhedonia. Various therapies exist, but their effectiveness is limited. Dextromethorphan hydrobromide combined with bupropion hydrochloride (Auvelity®) is a recently approved alternative for treating this condition in adults.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review summarizes the neurobiology of major depression and delves into the pharmacology, efficacy, safety, and tolerability of dextromethorphan plus bupropion in adult patients. It is based on observational studies, clinical trials, and other secondary studies obtained through systematic literature searches.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The combination of bupropion and dextromethorphan as a new pharmacotherapy for mental health is an interesting addition to the treatment options that can be used for MDD. The combination can be used in a range of scenarios, including as a first line therapy, as a second option when a patient has failed to achieve remission with a serotonin targeting agent, and for treatment resistant depression. Further research for other indications, including addiction disorders, may provide exciting results. Although a new combination, clinicians will be very familiar with both agents, increasing their acceptability. This pharmacotherapy also may bring increased impetus for discovering other combinations that may have beneficial synergistic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"837-848"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141747847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Re-evaluating the prognosis of schizophrenia: tackling the issue of inadequate treatment.","authors":"Ofer Agid","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2365943","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2365943","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"831-835"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141327406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boulenouar Mesraoua, Francesco Brigo, Bassel Abou-Khalil, Musab Ali, Simona Lattanzi
{"title":"Risk of suicide and suicide-related events in subjects treated with antiseizure medications.","authors":"Boulenouar Mesraoua, Francesco Brigo, Bassel Abou-Khalil, Musab Ali, Simona Lattanzi","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2376110","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2376110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the United States, it is reported that 1.4% of the general population commits suicide. It has been postulated that antiseizure medications (ASMs) can lead to the development of suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior; however, this risk is still very low and has yet to be precisely established.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This narrative review evaluates the risk of suicide-related events (SREs) in subjects taking ASMs for various neurological disorders. Screening tools for suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior are also discussed. References for this article were found using PubMed/MEDLINE.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Although some ASMs can be associated with SREs, this is not yet clearly established. The mechanisms involved in suicide risk in subjects taking ASMs are multifactorial. The bidirectional relationship between depression and epilepsy, as well as other associations, should be kept in mind when interpreting any impact of ASMs in PWE. Screening for SREs, close monitoring of subjects taking ASMs are the most appropriate strategies to minimize suicide risk. More efforts should be made to achieve accurate risk stratification through prognostic models that could be applied to subjects taking ASMs. Studies exploring the association between ASMs and suicide should consider ASMs individually and control for prior SREs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"865-878"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean-Baptiste Belge, Gabrielle Scantamburlo, Eric Constant
{"title":"Are ketamine and its enantiomers the answer to treatment-refractory depression?","authors":"Jean-Baptiste Belge, Gabrielle Scantamburlo, Eric Constant","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2373302","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2373302","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"827-830"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Profiling deutetrabenazine extended-release tablets for tardive dyskinesia and chorea associated with Huntington's disease.","authors":"P Moondra, J Jimenez-Shahed","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2376107","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2376107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tardive dyskinesia (TD) and Huntington's disease (HD)-associated chorea are persistent and disabling hyperkinetic disorders that can be treated with vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors, including the recently approved once-daily (QD) formulation of deutetrabenazine (DTBZ ER). While its efficacy and safety profile have not been directly investigated, currently available data confirms bioequivalence and similar bioavailability to the twice-daily formulation (DTBZ BID).</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>The authors briefly review the pivotal trials establishing efficacy of DTBZ for TD and HD-associated chorea, the pharmacokinetic data for bioequivalence between QD and BID dosing of DTBZ, as well as dose proportionality evidence, titration recommendations, and safety profile for DTBZ ER.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Long-term data show that DTBZ is efficacious and well tolerated for the treatment of TD and HD-associated chorea. DTBZ ER likely demonstrates therapeutic equivalence with no new safety signals. Due to the lack of comparative clinical trial data, no evidence-based recommendation about choice of VMAT2 inhibitor or switching between VMAT2 inhibitors can be made about best practice. Ultimately, QD dosing may offer the chance of improved medication adherence, an important consideration in patients with complex treatment regimens and/or patients with cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"849-863"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew J Goldman, Alexandra M Baskin, Martyn A Sharpe, David S Baskin
{"title":"Advances in gene therapy for high-grade glioma: a review of the clinical evidence.","authors":"Matthew J Goldman, Alexandra M Baskin, Martyn A Sharpe, David S Baskin","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2376847","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2376847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>High-grade glioma (HGG) is one of the most deadly and difficult cancers to treat. Despite intense research efforts, there has not been a significant breakthrough in treatment outcomes since the early 2000's. Anti-glioma gene therapy has demonstrated promise in preclinical studies and is under investigation in numerous clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This manuscript reviews the current landscape of clinical trials exploring gene therapy treatment of HGG. Using information from clinicaltrials.gov, all trials initiated within the past 5 years (2018-2023) as well as other important trials were cataloged and reviewed. This review discusses trial details, innovative methodologies, and concurrent pharmacological interventions. The review also delves into the subtypes of gene therapy used, trends over time, and future directions.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Trials are in the early stages (phase I or II), and there are reports of clinical efficacy in published results. Synergistic effects utilizing immunotherapy within or alongside gene therapy are emerging as a promising avenue for future breakthroughs. Considerable heterogeneity exists across trials concerning administration route, vector selection, drug combinations, and intervention timing. Earlier intervention in newly diagnosed HGG and avoidance of corticosteroids may improve efficacy in future trials. The results from ongoing trials demonstrate promising potential for molding the future landscape of HGG care.</p>","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"879-895"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The importance of synthetic pharmacotherapy for recessive cerebellar ataxias.","authors":"Marie Beaudin, Nicolas Dupre, Mario Manto","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2376840","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2376840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The last decade has witnessed major breakthroughs in identifying novel genetic causes of hereditary ataxias, deepening our understanding of disease mechanisms, and developing therapies for these debilitating disorders.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This article reviews the currently approved and most promising candidate pharmacotherapies in relation to the known disease mechanisms of the most prevalent autosomal recessive ataxias. Omaveloxolone is an Nrf2 activator that increases antioxidant defense and was recently approved for treatment of Friedreich ataxia. Its therapeutic effect is modest, and further research is needed to find synergistic treatments that would halt or reverse disease progression. Promising approaches include upregulation of frataxin expression by epigenetic mechanisms, direct protein replacement, and gene replacement therapy. For ataxia-telangiectasia, promising approaches include splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides and small molecules targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial function. Rare recessive ataxias for which disease-modifying therapies exist are also reviewed, emphasizing recently approved therapies. Evidence supporting the use of riluzole and acetyl-leucine in recessive ataxias is discussed.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Advances in genetic therapies for other neurogenetic conditions have paved the way to implement feasible approaches with potential dramatic benefits. Particularly, as we develop effective treatments for these conditions, we may need to combine therapies, consider newborn testing for pre-symptomatic treatment, and optimize non-pharmacological approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"897-912"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benedikt Reuter, Annemarie Miano, Josepha Wassermann, Björn Elsner
{"title":"Why does exposure-based therapy fail in some individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder?","authors":"Benedikt Reuter, Annemarie Miano, Josepha Wassermann, Björn Elsner","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2365949","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2365949","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"723-726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141320795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An overview of the currently available and emerging long-acting formulations of risperidone for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.","authors":"Justin Faden, Camila Ramirez, Vanessa Martinez, Leslie Citrome","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2370349","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2370349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic medications can help improve treatment adherence in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Despite this, they are underutilized. In 2003, intramuscular risperidone became the first available LAI atypical antipsychotic medication, and since then, a number of competing long-acting risperidone formulations have been brought to market, with additional options under active development. These include intramuscular, subcutaneous, long-acting oral, and implantable formulations.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review summarizes currently available and emerging long-acting risperidone formulations, including efficacy and safety data, and practical considerations aimed to help prescribers distinguish one formulation from another.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>There is an expanding number of currently available LAI antipsychotic medications giving patients and providers an opportunity to personalize and individualize care. Rates of adherence to treatment in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are low, and individualizing care can help improve this. The risperidone LAI treatment landscape includes five options approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, with others under clinical development. These options differ in regard to mode of administration, approved indications, available dose strengths, injection intervals, needle size, injection volume, storage, and other variables. Prescribers should be familiar with these differing options to help patients find the best fit for their individual needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"761-771"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distinguishing essential tremor from Parkinson's disease: clinical and experimental tools.","authors":"Luca Angelini, Giulia Paparella, Matteo Bologna","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2372339","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2024.2372339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common causes of tremor and the most prevalent movement disorders, with overlapping clinical features that can lead to diagnostic challenges, especially in the early stages.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>In the present paper, the authors review the clinical and experimental studies and emphasized the major aspects to differentiate between ET and PD, with particular attention to cardinal phenomenological features of these two conditions. Ancillary and experimental techniques, including neurophysiology, neuroimaging, fluid biomarker evaluation, and innovative methods, are also discussed for their role in differential diagnosis between ET and PD. Special attention is given to investigations and tools applicable in the early stages of the diseases, when the differential diagnosis between the two conditions is more challenging. Furthermore, the authors discuss knowledge gaps and unsolved issues in the field.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Distinguishing ET and PD is crucial for prognostic purposes and appropriate treatment. Additionally, accurate diagnosis is critical for optimizing clinical and experimental research on pathophysiology and innovative therapies. In a few years, integrated technologies could enable accurate, reliable diagnosis from early disease stages or prodromal stages in at-risk populations, but further research combining different techniques is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"799-814"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}