Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics最新文献

The pivotal role of central sensitization in long COVID, fibromyalgia and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. 中枢致敏在长冠状病毒、纤维肌痛和肌痛性脑脊髓炎/慢性疲劳综合征中的关键作用。

IF 3.4 2区医学

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2025.2516097

Don L Goldenberg

{"title":"The pivotal role of central sensitization in long COVID, fibromyalgia and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.","authors":"Don L Goldenberg","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2516097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14737175.2025.2516097","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Long COVID is a condition characterized by persistent unexplained symptoms following COVID-19 infection. These symptoms are not related to another disease or organ damage and are similar to those in fibromyalgia and myslgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).Areas covered: The similar clinical and pathophysiological features and management of long COVID, fibromyalgia and ME/CFS are explored from the unifying framework of central sensitivity syndromes. The article is based on a literature search utilizing PubMed for content published between 2021 and 1 May 2025, using search terms: long COVID, long COVID syndrome, post-COVID-19, post-acute SARS-CoV-2, fibromyalgia, ME/CFS, post-exertional malaise and central sensitization.Expert opinion: Once long COVID is redefined to exclude patients with well-defined organ disease, it fits best as a model of central sensitization. Long COVID is a single syndrome, rather than many distinct diseases. Optimal management of long COVID and similar central sensitivity syndromes should include personalized care with a primary care led-multidisciplinary team.","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Persistent post-concussion syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis, current and evolving treatment strategies. 持续性脑震荡后综合征：病理生理学，诊断，当前和不断发展的治疗策略。

IF 3.4 2区医学

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2025.2515061

Amir Hadanny, Shai Efrati

{"title":"Persistent post-concussion syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis, current and evolving treatment strategies.","authors":"Amir Hadanny, Shai Efrati","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2515061","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2515061","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Persistent post-concussion syndrome (PCS) following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) represents a growing global health challenge that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Despite advances in acute concussion management, there remains a critical need for effective, evidence-based treatments for chronic PCS, as current interventions show limited success in addressing both symptoms and underlying pathophysiology.Areas covered: In this review, the authors examine recent advances in PCS pathophysiology, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic interventions. The authors evaluate epidemiological trends, advanced neuroimaging findings, validated biomarkers, and emerging treatment modalities such as hyperbaric oxygen therapy, neuromodulation techniques, and biomarker-guided therapeutic approaches.Expert opinion: Integration of recent evidence suggests a paradigm shift toward personalized, multimodal treatment approaches for PCS, combining targeted physiological interventions with symptom-specific therapies. Future management strategies should focus on early identification of at-risk patients and implementation of evidence-based treatment protocols that address both neurobiological and psychological aspects of recovery.","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Behavioural difficulties in fragile X syndrome: current pharmacological options and potential future developments. 脆性X综合征的行为困难：当前的药理学选择和潜在的未来发展。

IF 3.4 2区医学

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2025.2510408

Andrew C Stanfield, Andrew G McKechanie

{"title":"Behavioural difficulties in fragile X syndrome: current pharmacological options and potential future developments.","authors":"Andrew C Stanfield, Andrew G McKechanie","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2510408","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2510408","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most frequent inherited form of intellectual disability and a common cause of autism spectrum disorders and other neurodevelopmental conditions. It is commonly associated with hyperarousal, anxiety, and behavioral difficulties such as agitation, self-injurious behavior, and aggression.Areas covered: This narrative review covers the physical, cognitive, and behavioral phenotype associated with FXS and the evidence for pharmacological interventions for behavioral difficulties, including those prescribed on the basis of symptoms and those aimed at the pathophysiological mechanisms of FXS ('targeted' interventions). Consideration is then given to the evidence for novel targeted treatments currently in later stages of clinical development.Expert opinion: The first-line management of behavioral difficulties are non-pharmacological interventions, and there are only a few studies in FXS to guide pharmacological approaches. Identification and management of anxiety and ADHD, which contribute to behavioral difficulties, are important steps before considering antipsychotic treatment for agitation, aggression, or self-injurious behavior. The evidence for repurposed targeted treatments remains based on small RCTs or open-label studies; therapeutic trials of these interventions therefore need close monitoring. Multiple novel medications are in clinical development; genetic therapies remain preclinical but are likely to be important in the coming years.","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing cognitive impairment among pediatric epilepsies: a systematic review. 评估儿童癫痫患者的认知障碍：一项系统综述。

IF 3.4 2区医学

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2025.2508776

Erika Maria Giannola, Laura Siri, Pasquale Striano, Antonella Riva

{"title":"Assessing cognitive impairment among pediatric epilepsies: a systematic review.","authors":"Erika Maria Giannola, Laura Siri, Pasquale Striano, Antonella Riva","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2508776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14737175.2025.2508776","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that varies both for etiopathology and impact on cognitive, intellectual, and adaptive development in children with epilepsy (CWE). CWE may present with reduced attention, memory as well as learning skills, and impaired executive and emotional-behavioral functioning, which can impact both the patient's and their family's Quality of Life (QoL).Methods: This systematic review investigates the tools and scales used to assess cognition in CWE, following the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed was used as primary source database and studies published between January 2020 and December 2024 were reviewed for inclusion/exclusion criteria.Results: The authors' search yielded 3,398 articles of which 2,486 (73%) papers were excluded based on title and abstract only. Of the 912 remaining records, 844 did not meet the inclusion criteria. Sixty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The total number of epilepsy patients (EP) in the included studies was 4,530. The Wechsler intelligence scale for children was the most administered test to evaluate cognitive impairment.Conclusions: The included studies highlighted the relevance of the impaired neuropsychological functioning in CWE, although deep heterogeneity in the assessment still invalidates comparability. Further research is needed to provide comprehensive care of CWE, enhancing cognitive functions and considering the impact of the illness on QoL and mental health.","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuroprotective strategies in multiple sclerosis: a status update and emerging paradigms. 多发性硬化症的神经保护策略：现状更新和新兴范例。

IF 3.4 2区医学

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2025.2510405

Catalina I Coclitu, Cris S Constantinescu, Radu Tanasescu

{"title":"Neuroprotective strategies in multiple sclerosis: a status update and emerging paradigms.","authors":"Catalina I Coclitu, Cris S Constantinescu, Radu Tanasescu","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2510405","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2510405","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: MS is a disease continuum in which maladaptive inflammation and neurodegeneration co-occur from onset and evolve over time. Recent progress in the understating of MS pathobiology creates new perspectives for novel neuroprotective therapeutic strategies.Areas covered: The authors briefly review the mechanisms underlying inflammation and neurodegeneration in MS and discuss the current and emerging strategies to promote neuroprotection in MS. Data were derived in large part from extensive review of the published literature available on PubMed (up to 5th of March 2025).Expert opinion: Strategies for neuroprotection should be ideally implemented early in the course of MS. They should consider the interplay between neuroinflammation, demyelination and neurodegeneration, the maladaptive changes in the CNS innate immunity resident cells, axonal mitochondrial dysfunction (axonal response of mitochondria to demyelination, ARMD), and remyelination. There is a need for adequate biomarkers that can help to monitor outcomes of target engagement. Comorbidities and aging can worsen neurodegeneration and impair neuroprotective/regenerative processes. Candidate drugs from preclinical and early clinical studies should be tested in multi-arm multistage adaptive trials.","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in fluid and tissue-based biomarkers for use in Parkinson's disease. 帕金森病液体和组织生物标志物的最新进展

IF 3.4 2区医学

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2025.2515068

Ravi Rajmohan, April Wen, Claire Henchcliffe

{"title":"Recent advances in fluid and tissue-based biomarkers for use in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Ravi Rajmohan, April Wen, Claire Henchcliffe","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2515068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14737175.2025.2515068","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease leading to motor and non-motor disabilities. Broadly accessible fluid- or tissue-based biomarkers will complement neuroimaging and may allow earlier identification and more precise tracking.Areas covered: The authors have reviewed the recent advances from original full text English-language articles that were indexed in the PubMed database between June 2023 to June 2024. Articles were identified using the PubMed MESH terms 'Parkinson's Disease' AND 'biomarkers' that focused on using a fluid or tissue-based biomarker to distinguish participants with PD from healthy controls or other conditions. The most promising new biomarkers are those measuring α-synuclein from cerebrospinal fluid or skin biopsy. A significant limitation of these studies is their reliance on a clinical diagnosis of PD, mostly without neuropathological confirmation.Expert opinion: Mounting evidence supports the validity of CSF and skin biopsy-based detection of α-synuclein for the distinction of PD from healthy controls, although not yet from the spectrum of α-synucleinopathies nor from non-α-synuclein forms of parkinsonism. Nonetheless, the potential to detect individuals who will develop PD may revolutionize our ability to test potential preventive interventions before motor symptoms develop. Machine-learning approaches offer promising strategies for efficient identification and validation of novel biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in adults. 成人自闭症谱系障碍的鉴别诊断。

IF 3.4 2区医学

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-13 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2025.2490533

Hannah M Carroll, Robyn P Thom, Christopher J McDougle

{"title":"The differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in adults.","authors":"Hannah M Carroll, Robyn P Thom, Christopher J McDougle","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2490533","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2490533","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diagnosing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in adults is challenging due to its heterogeneity and symptom overlap with other conditions. Making an accurate diagnosis can be difficult and overwhelming but is vital for proper accommodations and interventions while avoiding unproductive or harmful treatments.Areas covered: The authors have based their review on a comprehensive literature search using PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar to identify relevant recommendations, diagnostic tools, and common differential diagnoses for adults with ASD. A clinical framework is provided based on the DSM-5 criteria, starting with an evaluation of childhood symptom onset and persistent manifestations of the core criteria - social and communication impairment, along with restricted, repetitive behaviors. Conditions with overlapping presentations, including personality disorders, anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia, are discussed, as well as challenges in differentiating these from ASD.Expert opinion: Many factors complicate diagnosing ASD in adults - such as skewed public perception or misinformation spread on social media. Existing tools frequently miss subtle or atypical presentations, particularly in underdiagnosed groups like women and older adults. Promising advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence will hopefully improve diagnostic precision in the future. Up-to-date clinician training and large-scale research remain paramount for refining adult ASD diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"635-648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The latest therapeutic advances with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. 自发性脑出血的最新治疗进展。

IF 3.4 2区医学

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2025.2502048

Michael Griffin, Chun Shing Kwok, Adnan I Qureshi, Gregory Y H Lip

{"title":"The latest therapeutic advances with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.","authors":"Michael Griffin, Chun Shing Kwok, Adnan I Qureshi, Gregory Y H Lip","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2502048","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2502048","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10% of strokes; however, compared with ischemic stroke, progress leading to novel treatments and improved patient outcomes has been lacking. Recently, there have been several promising developments and renewed research interest within the field. Positive results from randomized controlled trials have now been reported in multiple domains of care for patients with ICH. Anticoagulation-associated ICH is increasingly frequent, and clinicians deciding on reversal and timing of re-initiation of oral anticoagulation now have more therapeutic agents available and evidence to guide them. Minimally invasive techniques are also added to the neurosurgical arsenal, leading to improvements in functional outcomes. Acute treatment at presentation is best served by bundled care approaches, which ensure goal-directed management of blood pressure, glucose and temperature.Areas covered: This narrative review summarizes the recent developments in this area, as well as the current recommendations of key international guidelines. Literature search was carried out using PubMed database with priority given to publications since 2020.Expert opinion: There is renewed optimism for innovation in ICH. The standard of care for this condition now leads to improvements in mortality and long-term functional ability. Efforts to improve the patient selection and surgical techniques for operative management are ongoing.","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"661-673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uncertainties in anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody therapy for Alzheimer's disease: the challenges ahead. 抗淀粉样蛋白单克隆抗体治疗阿尔茨海默病的不确定性：未来的挑战。

IF 3.4 2区医学

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2025.2500752

Madia Lozupone, Vittorio Dibello, Emanuela Resta, Rodolfo Sardone, Fabio Castellana, Roberta Zupo, Luisa Lampignano, Ilaria Bortone, Anita Mollica, Giuseppe Berardino, Mario Altamura, Antonello Bellomo, Antonio Daniele, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Francesco Panza

{"title":"Uncertainties in anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody therapy for Alzheimer's disease: the challenges ahead.","authors":"Madia Lozupone, Vittorio Dibello, Emanuela Resta, Rodolfo Sardone, Fabio Castellana, Roberta Zupo, Luisa Lampignano, Ilaria Bortone, Anita Mollica, Giuseppe Berardino, Mario Altamura, Antonello Bellomo, Antonio Daniele, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Francesco Panza","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2500752","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2500752","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, poses a significant burden on patients, caregivers, and healthcare systems worldwide. After two decades of extensive efforts, we are still without significantly effective disease-modifying drugs for AD. Although brain amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation may predict cognitive decline, several drug candidates, including anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies, have been developed and tested to reduce Aβ plaque burden effective, but without significant clinical success.Areas covered: The following review presents and discusses anti-Aβ monoclonal antibody therapeutics used to treat AD. The article considers both current approaches and alternatives. This article is multiple database searches (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Ovid and Google Scholar) on all the available literature up to 1 February 2025.Expert opinion: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of anti-Aβ drugs in AD have not fully validated the Aβ cascade hypothesis. Nevertheless, eight anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies have, thus far, made it to Phase III RCTs. Moving forward, the use of the Apolipoprotein E genotype and tau protein as alternative biomarkers can assist clinicians in providing patients with even more individualized and efficacious anti-Aβ monoclonal antibodies dosing regimens and reduce the risk of serious amyloid-related imaging abnormalities.","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"649-659"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of botulinum neurotoxin-A in the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease: an open-label randomized controlled study. 肉毒杆菌神经毒素a治疗帕金森病患者神经精神症状的疗效：一项开放标签随机对照研究

IF 3.4 2区医学

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2025.2500753

Xiaofeng Zhu, Xiu Yang, Ming Wei, Huayan Wang, Jun Shen, Qiu Han

{"title":"Efficacy of botulinum neurotoxin-A in the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease: an open-label randomized controlled study.","authors":"Xiaofeng Zhu, Xiu Yang, Ming Wei, Huayan Wang, Jun Shen, Qiu Han","doi":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2500753","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737175.2025.2500753","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Parkinson's disease (PD) often presents with neuropsychiatric symptoms that worsen quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Botulinum neurotoxin-A (BTX-A) in managing neuropsychiatric manifestations in PD patients.Methods: Neuropsychiatric status was assessed in 185 PD patients using the Cornell Medical Index (CMI). Ninety-four patients exhibiting neuropsychiatric symptoms were randomly assigned to two groups: BTX-A (n=47, local injections) and citalopram (n=47, 10-40 mg/day). Outcomes were compared at baseline and 8 weeks post-treatment.Results: The authors findings revealed a significant reduction in somatization, tension, anxiety, depression, sensitivity, and overall scores in the BTX-A group at the eight-week follow-up (p < 0.05 for all). Notably, patients in the BTX-A group exhibited similar levels of somatization, depression, anxiety, maladjustment, sensitivity, anger, and overall scores compared to the citalopram group (p > 0.05 for all). Both groups reported comparable percentages of improvement in neuropsychiatric symptoms (75.6% vs. 82.6%, p = 0.57).Conclusions: This study demonstrates the potential of BTX-A in alleviating tension, anxiety, depression, sensitivity, and other neuropsychiatric symptoms in PD patients. Importantly, BTX-A's efficacy was comparable to that of citalopram, suggesting its potential as a viable therapeutic option for managing neuropsychiatric manifestations in PD.","PeriodicalId":12190,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"717-725"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0