Experimental psychology最新文献_第5页

False Memory Facilitation Through Semantic Overlap. 通过语义重叠促进假记忆

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000593

Ikuo Suzuki

{"title":"False Memory Facilitation Through Semantic Overlap.","authors":"Ikuo Suzuki","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000593","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000593","url":null,"abstract":" This study investigated the effects of semantic overlap from multiple sources on false memories. Participants were presented with paired study lists comprising items highly associated with one nonstudied critical item. There were three types of list pairs: (1) the sharing condition, in which the words in both lists were classified into different semantic groups that converged on the same critical word (semantic overlap), (2) the repetition condition, in which the two lists comprised identical words, and (3) the single condition, in which the paired lists were attributed to different semantic groups that did not share a critical item. In Experiment 1, participants were presented with the paired study lists and responded to free recall tests and a recognition test including remember-know judgments. In Experiment 2, the participants responded to a recognition test, and the participants in Experiment 3 recalled the studied items. The results indicated that the false recall and false recognition rates in the sharing condition were higher than those in the repetition and single conditions. These results suggest that activation from multiple independent sources may have an accumulative additive effect. The findings are discussed in relation to the Activation-Monitoring theory.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":"70 4","pages":"203-214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139477725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to Taylor & Ivanoff, 2023. 更正Taylor和Ivanoff，2023。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000591

引用次数: 0

Collaborative Retrieval Practice Reduces Mind-Wandering During Learning. 协作检索实践减少了学习过程中的走神。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000589

Alexander G Knopps, Kathryn T Wissman

{"title":"Collaborative Retrieval Practice Reduces Mind-Wandering During Learning.","authors":"Alexander G Knopps, Kathryn T Wissman","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000589","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000589","url":null,"abstract":" Research has shown engaging in retrieval practice can reduce the frequency of mind-wandering. However, no prior research has examined how engaging in collaborative (as compared to individual) retrieval practice impacts mind-wandering during learning. In the current experiment, participants were asked to study a list of words, followed by retrieval practice that either occurred collaboratively (as a dyad) or individually. During retrieval practice, participants provided self-reports as to whether they were on task or off task. Following retrieval practice, all participants completed an individual final test. Of greatest interest, the results showed that engaging in collaborative retrieval practice decreased the frequency of mind-wandering during learning. In addition, and consistent with prior collaborative learning research, collaborative inhibition during practice and postcollaborative benefits on the final test were observed. The current results provide the first demonstration of an additional benefit to using collaborative retrieval practice: This technique reduces the frequency of mind-wandering.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"241-248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10929687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41195936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Beep-Speed Illusion Cannot Be Explained With a Simple Selection Bias. 简单的选择偏差无法解释 "哔哔-速度幻觉"。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000594

Hauke S Meyerhoff, Nina A Gehrer, Christian Frings

{"title":"The Beep-Speed Illusion Cannot Be Explained With a Simple Selection Bias.","authors":"Hauke S Meyerhoff, Nina A Gehrer, Christian Frings","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000594","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000594","url":null,"abstract":" An object appears to move at higher speed than another equally fast object when brief nonspatial tones coincide with its changes in motion direction. We refer to this phenomenon as the beep-speed illusion (Meyerhoff et al., 2022, Cognition, 219, 104978). The origin of this illusion is unclear; however, attentional explanations and potential biases in the response behavior appear to be plausible candidates. In this report, we test a simple bias explanation that emerges from the way the dependent variable is assessed. As the participants have to indicate the faster of the two objects, participants possibly always indicate the audio-visually synchronized object in situations of perceptual uncertainty. Such a response behavior potentially could explain the observed shift in perceived speed. We therefore probed the magnitude of the beep-speed illusion when the participants indicated either the object that appeared to move faster or the object that appeared to move slower. If a simple selection bias would explain the beep-speed illusion, the response pattern should be inverted with the instruction to indicate the slower object. However, contrary to this bias hypothesis, illusion emerged indistinguishably under both instructions. Therefore, simple selection biases cannot explain the beep-speed illusion.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"249-256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10929686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Motor Representation in Enactment Effect of Action Memory. 动作表征在动作记忆产生效应中的作用。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000590

Xinyuan Zhang, Leonardo Assumpcao, Lijuan Wang

{"title":"The Role of Motor Representation in Enactment Effect of Action Memory.","authors":"Xinyuan Zhang, Leonardo Assumpcao, Lijuan Wang","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000590","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000590","url":null,"abstract":" Noun-verb phrases are more efficiently remembered when they are enacted during learning than when they are only verbally studied, a phenomenon known as the enactment effect. While studies have debated whether motor information is key to this effect, our study explores whether the organization of motor information can support the enactment effect. We used the retrieval-practice paradigm to induce retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF). In Experiment 1, we found an RIF effect of categorization into physical motor properties (e.g., rotation-motor category), which was significantly stronger during enactment learning. In Experiment 2, we also found an RIF effect of categorization into physical motor properties with additional imagery features (e.g., the hand-physical and round-object category), but there was no significant difference between enactment learning and verbal learning. These findings suggest that motor information is fundamental to the enactment effect, but it is not primarily assimilated, even in the presence of various types of information, in the processing of action memory. We discuss these findings in the context of multimodal theory and episodic integration theory.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"193-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41195937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What Is the Role of Sustained Visual Attention in the Maintenance of Postural Control in Young Adults? 持续视觉注意在年轻人保持姿势控制中的作用是什么？

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000592

Mallory E Terry, David Shulman, Lori Ann Vallis

{"title":"What Is the Role of Sustained Visual Attention in the Maintenance of Postural Control in Young Adults?","authors":"Mallory E Terry, David Shulman, Lori Ann Vallis","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000592","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000592","url":null,"abstract":" Dual tasks requiring sustained visual attention and upright stance are common, yet their impact on standing balance is not well understood. We investigated the role of visual attention in the maintenance of postural control, using the multiple-object tracking (MOT) task. Healthy young adults (n = 12) performed the MOT task at three object movement speeds while seated or standing. MOT performance was assessed using tracking capacity (k). Metrics calculated to assess mediolateral (ML) and anterior-posterior (AP) postural control included: maximum difference between CoM and CoP position (CoM-CoP Max), root mean square distance for center of pressure and center of mass position (CoP and CoM RMS distance), and correlation between CoM and CoP time series signals (CoM/CoP correlation). As predicted, k decreased significantly as object movement speed increased for both standing and seated conditions. Object movement speed also significantly affected AP CoM-CoP Max in seated conditions (p = .021) and AP CoM/CoP correlation for standing conditions (p = .002). The results demonstrate utility of the MOT task in understanding the role of visual attention in postural control, even though healthy young adults were able to compensate for the addition of a sustained visual attention task, with minimal deficits to postural control.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"232-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72013946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When Smaller Sooner Depletes a Pool of Resources Faster. 当 "小 "得越快，资源库消耗得越快。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000596

Michael E Young, Brian C Howatt

{"title":"When Smaller Sooner Depletes a Pool of Resources Faster.","authors":"Michael E Young, Brian C Howatt","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000596","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000596","url":null,"abstract":" Behavior has short-term (proximal) and long-term (distal) consequences, and these consequences often involve different commodities. In particular, a commonly encountered distal consequence involves running out of resources - energy to respond, available food, ammunition, or money in the bank - that must be replenished before continuing a rewarding task. The current project examines proximal behavioral consequences in a video game (the amount of damage done to a clicked-on target as a function of waiting) and distal behavioral consequences (running out of the resources that allow the player to click on a target). When depleted, the resource replenished after a fixed amount of time. Thus, participants sometimes faced a tradeoff between behaviors that maximized their short-term reward rate and those that maximized their long-term reward rate. When the proximal contingency did not affect the short-term reward rate, the mere presence of limitations resulted in the slower use of resources, but the slowdown did not evidence strong sensitivity to the size of the resource pool nor the delay to its replenishment (Experiment 1). However, when the proximal contingency rewarded faster use of resources, participants did show sensitivity to the duration of the replenishment delay and the size of the resource pool (Experiment 2).","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":"70 4","pages":"215-231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139477729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Active Suppression of a Distractor's Location Can Be Elusive. 积极抑制分心者的位置可能是难以捉摸的。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000583

Jillian R Taylor, Jason Ivanoff

{"title":"The Active Suppression of a Distractor's Location Can Be Elusive.","authors":"Jillian R Taylor, Jason Ivanoff","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000583","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000583","url":null,"abstract":" Our visual system is inundated with distracting objects that vie for our attention. While visual attention selects relevant information, inhibitory mechanisms might be useful to suppress the locations occupied by irrelevant distractors. Yet, there is a dearth of behavioral evidence for the active suppression of a distractor's location (ASDL) using central cues that provide preliminary information about a distractor's location. In the first two experiments, we attempt to conceptually replicate, using an online platform, experiments that provide evidence of the ASDL. We replicate the distractor cueing effect in a localization task (Experiment 1) wherein responses to targets were faster when a central arrow cued the location of an impending distractor than an empty location. This effect was larger in the first block of trials than it was in the second. In a discrimination task (Experiment 2), unlike previous studies, we found no evidence for an effect of distractor cueing. In Experiment 3, we replaced the central arrow cues with central number cues because arrow cues may elicit a symbolic shift of attention that might offset the ASDL. Once again, the best model was one in which the distractor cueing effect was absent. We replicate these failures to find evidence of the ASDL in two more experiments. The results suggest that the ASDL can be elusive and may be tied to the response system, not attention.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"119-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9923943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Effects of Implicit Theories on Body Weight Information Avoidance. 内隐理论对体重信息回避的影响。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000585

Charlotte J Hagerman, Michelle L Stock, Stacy Post, Zeljka Macura, Philip J Moore, Tonya Dodge, Philip W Wirtz

{"title":"The Effects of Implicit Theories on Body Weight Information Avoidance.","authors":"Charlotte J Hagerman, Michelle L Stock, Stacy Post, Zeljka Macura, Philip J Moore, Tonya Dodge, Philip W Wirtz","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000585","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000585","url":null,"abstract":"Regular self-weighing is associated with more effective weight control, yet many individuals avoid weight-related information. Implicit theories about weight, or perceptions of how malleable weight is, predict more effortful weight management and may also influence weight-related information avoidance. Participants (N = 209) were randomly assigned to read an article stressing an incremental theory of weight (i.e., weight is malleable), an article stressing an entity theory (i.e., weight is fixed), or to a control condition. We then examined their self-reported preference to avoid their body composition (i.e., body fat, weight, and muscle composition), their willingness to have their body composition measured during the lab visit, and their eating and exercise intentions. There were no notable differences across conditions, but higher self-reported incremental beliefs predicted less self-reported avoidance of body composition. The findings suggest that implicit theories may influence weight-related information avoidance, but a brief manipulation is not powerful enough to create meaningful change.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":"70 3","pages":"180-191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41195940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attentional Biases Toward Spiders Do Not Modulate Retrieval. 对蜘蛛的注意偏差不会影响检索。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Experimental psychology Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000584

Lars-Michael Schöpper, Verena Küpper, Christian Frings

{"title":"Attentional Biases Toward Spiders Do Not Modulate Retrieval.","authors":"Lars-Michael Schöpper, Verena Küpper, Christian Frings","doi":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000584","DOIUrl":"10.1027/1618-3169/a000584","url":null,"abstract":" When responding to stimuli, response and stimulus' features are thought to be integrated into a short episodic memory trace, an event file. Repeating any of its components causes retrieval of the whole event file leading to benefits for full repetitions and changes but interference for partial repetitions. These binding effects are especially pronounced if attention is allocated to certain features. We used attentional biases caused by spider stimuli, aiming to modulate the impact of attention on retrieval. Participants discriminated the orientation of bars repeating or changing their location in prime-probe sequences. Crucially, shortly before probe target onset, an image of a spider and that of a cub appeared at one position each - one of which was spatially congruent with the following probe target. Participants were faster when responding to targets spatially congruent with a preceding spider, suggesting an attentional bias toward aversive information. Yet, neither overall binding effects differed between content of preceding spatially congruent images nor did this effect emerge when taking individual fear of spiders into account. We conclude that attentional biases toward spiders modulate overall behavior, but that this has no impact on retrieval.","PeriodicalId":12173,"journal":{"name":"Experimental psychology","volume":" ","pages":"135-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10658639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10389850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1