European Respiratory Review最新文献

{"title":"The impact of lung surgery, with or without (neo-)adjuvant therapy, on physical functioning in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer: a scoping review.","authors":"Sarah Haesevoets, Eva Arents, Dries Cops, Kirsten Quadflieg, Maarten Criel, David Ruttens, Marc Daenen, Dieter Stevens, Veerle Surmont, Heleen Demeyer, Chris Burtin","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0156-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0156-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with early stage (I-IIIA) nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are typically treated <i>via</i> surgery, often accompanied by (neo-)adjuvant therapy. These interventions impose a significant burden on patients and potentially impact their physical functioning (PF). The impact on PF remains uncertain and existing evidence has not yet been systematically outlined.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This scoping review aimed to synthesise evidence concerning the effects of lung surgery, with or without (neo-)adjuvant therapy, on the PF of patients with NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were systematically searched from inception until 1 July 2023. A comprehensive framework based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health was used to define various aspects of PF. Longitudinal studies, reporting PF prior to and after NSCLC treatment, and cross-sectional studies reporting PF after treatment were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>85 included studies assessed the effects of surgery with (n=7) or without (n=78) (neo-) adjuvant therapy on body function (n=29), activity (n=67) and/or participation (n=15). 98% of reported outcomes within the longitudinal studies indicate a decline in PF, with 52% demonstrating significant deteriorations, with follow-up times ranging from immediately post-operative up to 1 year after treatment. Cross-sectional studies show impaired PF in 71% of reported outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PF of patients with NSCLC tends to deteriorate following lung surgery, irrespective of additional (neo-)adjuvant therapy. While the negative impact of lung surgery on ICF categories of \"body function\" and \"activity\" have been described to some depth, insights into the impact on \"participation\" are lacking.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe outcomes in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of European studies published up to 22 January 2024.","authors":"Guiling Zhou, Nina Dael, Stefan Verweij, Spyros Balafas, Sumaira Mubarik, Katrien Oude Rengerink, Anna Maria Gerdina Pasmooij, Debbie van Baarle, Peter G M Mol, Geertruida H de Bock, Eelko Hak","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0222-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0222-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Up-to-date evidence from European studies on long-term vaccine effectiveness (VE) of COVID-19 vaccines is lacking. This review aimed to evaluate effectiveness and durability of primary vaccine series and boosters in preventing infection and severe outcomes in the European population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted systematic searches of PubMed and Embase up to 22 January 2024. We included observational studies that evaluated VE against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or severe disease (hospitalisation, intensive care unit admission or death) for primary series and boosters in Europe. We applied a random-effects meta-analysis model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 33 studies and over 56 million participants. The overall VE of the complete primary series against infection with any SARS-CoV-2 variant was 70.7%. VE was lower for Omicron, at 26.1%, than for pre-Omicron strains, at 77.0%. Over time, VE against infection by any variant decreased from 68.9% to 38.9% after 6 months. Boosters restored VE to 76.4% and maintained at 58.4% after 3 months. The overall VE of a complete primary series for severe outcomes due to any variant was 87.4%, with 93.3% for pre-Omicron and 62.8% for Omicron strains. Protection against severe outcomes declined less than for infection. 6 months after the primary series, the vaccine still provided over 50% protection against severe outcomes caused by Omicron. Boosters restored VE to 87.9% and maintained at 78.5% after 3 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection declines markedly with time and Omicron variants. Protection against severe outcomes was more durable and resistant to viral mutation. Boosters restored protection, emphasising the need for timely booster vaccination for vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung stem cells and respiratory epithelial chimerism in transplantation.","authors":"Louise Bondeelle, Sophie Clément, Anne Bergeron, Caroline Tapparel","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0146-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0146-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stem cells are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into specialised types. They range from totipotent cells to multipotent or somatic stem cells and ultimately to unipotent cells. Some adult multipotent stem cells can have the potential to regenerate and colonise diverse tissues. The respiratory airways and lung mucosa, exposed to ambient air, perform vital roles for all human tissues and organs. They serve as barriers against airborne threats and are essential for tissue oxygenation. Despite low steady-state turnover, lungs are vulnerable to injuries and diseases from environmental exposure. Lung stem cells are crucial due to their regenerative potential and ability to replace damaged cells. Lung repair with extrapulmonary stem cells can occur, leading to the coexistence of respiratory cells with different genetic origins, a phenomenon known as airway epithelial chimerism. The impact of such chimerism in lung repair and disease is actively studied. This review explores different stem cell types, focusing on pulmonary stem cells. It discusses airway epithelium models derived from stem cells for studying lung diseases and examines lung chimerism, particularly in lung transplantation and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, highlighting its significance in understanding tissue repair and chimerism-mediated repair processes in lung pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex and gender differences during the lung lifespan: unveiling a pivotal impact.","authors":"Pasquale Tondo, Claudia Meschi, Marco Mantero, Giulia Scioscia, Matteo Siciliano, Matteo Bradicich, Giulia M Stella","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0121-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0121-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sex and gender differences significantly influence lung parenchyma development, beginning as early as the embryonic stages of human life. Although this association is well known in the clinical manifestations of some relevant pulmonary diseases, there is less data available regarding their effects on cell biological programmes across different stages of body development. A deep understanding of these mechanisms could help in defining preventive strategies tailored to a fully personalised approach to respiratory medicine. From this perspective, this review aims to analyse the influence of sex and gender on bronchoalveolar and vascular compartments from embryonic and neonatal stages through to adolescence, adulthood and elder age.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of vascularity and the fibrovascular interface in interstitial lung diseases.","authors":"Jana Dietrich, Alice Kang, Birger Tielemans, Stijn E Verleden, Hassan Khalil, Florian Länger, Philipp Bruners, Steven J Mentzer, Tobias Welte, Michael Dreher, Danny D Jonigk, Maximilian Ackermann","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0080-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0080-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a clinical term that refers to a diverse group of non-neoplastic lung diseases. This group includes idiopathic and secondary pulmonary entities that are often associated with progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Currently, therapeutic approaches based on specific structural targeting of pulmonary fibrosis are limited to nintedanib and pirfenidone, which can only slow down disease progression leading to a lower mortality rate. Lung transplantation is currently the only available curative treatment, but it is associated with high perioperative mortality. The pulmonary vasculature plays a central role in physiological lung function, and vascular remodelling is considered a hallmark of the initiation and progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Different patterns of pulmonary fibrosis commonly exhibit detectable pathological features such as morphomolecular changes, including intussusceptive and sprouting angiogenesis, vascular morphometry, broncho-systemic anastomoses, and aberrant angiogenesis-related gene expression patterns. Dynamic cellular interactions within the fibrovascular interface, such as endothelial activation and endothelial-mesenchymal transition, are also observed. This review aims to summarise the current clinical, radiological and pathological diagnostic algorithm for different ILDs, including usual interstitial pneumonia/idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, non-specific interstitial pneumonia, alveolar fibroelastosis/pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, systemic sclerosis-related ILD and coronavirus disease 2019 injury. It emphasises an interdisciplinary clinicopathological perspective. Additionally, the review covers current therapeutic strategies and knowledge about associated vascular abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory support in patients with Down syndrome: a systematic review.","authors":"Paolo Ruggeri, Sara Manti, Alessandra Li Pomi, Federica Lo Bello, Giorgio Morana, Claudia Profazio, Mina Bushra, Antonio Esquinas","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0070-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0070-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The population with Down syndrome (DS) makes up a significant portion of patients using short- and long-term noninvasive ventilation (NIV). However, limited data are available concerning the use and outcomes for patients with DS compared with other populations. We systematically reviewed articles providing indications, benefits, adherence and limits of long-term NIV use in the paediatric and adult population with DS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of the literature for articles published between January 2013 and November 2023 was conducted using a protocol registered at PROSPERO (CRD42023488712).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 18 studies focusing on the use of noninvasive respiratory support in patients with DS were included in this review. Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), OSAS post-adenotonsillectomy, hypoventilation and nocturnal hypercapnia were the most common indications for NIV support in patients with DS. However, respiratory anatomical malformation and intellectual disabilities can affect adherence to NIV use. High-flow nasal cannula is an alternative to other noninvasive respiratory support.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Comprehensive and updated consensus compliant with international standards for clinical guidelines is required to significantly improve clinical practice quality, promote evidence-based recommendations and provide tailored interventions in patients with DS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient tachypnoea: new concepts on the commonest neonatal respiratory disorder.","authors":"Costanza Neri, Victor Sartorius, Daniele De Luca","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0112-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0112-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transient tachypnoea of the neonate (TTN) is the commonest neonatal respiratory disorder, but it is quite mild and so has been the subject of relatively little academic and educational work. Recent animal studies and the introduction of new bedside monitoring techniques (<i>e.g.</i> quantitative lung ultrasound and electrical cardiometry) have clarified its pathogenesis. Given its high incidence, TTN is a relevant public health issue and its clinical management should be considered in an era of resource constraints. This review focuses on the latest data on TTN in terms of its pathophysiology, biology, diagnosis, imaging, therapy and cost-effectiveness, so as to optimise clinical care at the bedside. The need for a new pathophysiology-based definition of TTN is also highlighted and the available therapeutics are analysed considering the associated public health issues. This updated knowledge can help to improve the management of TTN and impact positively on its relevant public health consequences. This is particularly important since the mortality of TTN is virtually nil and so cannot be used to evaluate any clinical innovation. We also aim to give some practical guidance for the real-world clinical management of TTN and contribute to the training of neonatologists who care for TTN patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"The deadly dance of alveolar macrophages and influenza virus\". C. David, C. Verney, M. Si-Tahar and A. Guillon. <i>Eur Respir Rev</i> 2024; 33: 240132.","authors":"","doi":"10.1183/16000617.5132-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.5132-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>European Respiratory Review</i>, list of peer reviewers 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.1183/16000617.5175-2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/16000617.5175-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of exercise training on cognitive function in patients with COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.","authors":"Kexin Ding, Feiyun Song, Wen Sun, Mingyun Sun, Rui Xia","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0170-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0170-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of exercise therapies in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) targeted at improving cognitive function and to assess their efficacy in COPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive search of eight databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and Weipu, covering the period from database construction to 23 April 2024. Our search specifically targeted RCTs studying the effects of exercise on cognitive functioning in COPD patients. Trials consisted of one or more exercise training interventions along with at least one cognitive outcome study. Two reviewers independently reviewed papers, extracted data and evaluated the research literature's quality using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool RoB 2.0 and the modified Jadad scale. Meta-analysis of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores in the groups with and without exercise intervention was performed and subgroup analyses were undertaken to identify potential causes of heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included a total of nine studies that included 578 COPD patients (69% male). Each study demonstrated that patients improved significantly in at least one cognitive component following training. All current research focuses on attention, executive function, motor ability, mental capacity, verbal fluency, visuoconstructive abilities and memory. The results revealed that exercise significantly improved MoCA scores in COPD patients (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.576 (95% CI 0.054-1.097); p=0.029). A subgroup analysis of the duration of each intervention revealed that exercise training with an intervention duration of >30 min significantly improved overall cognitive performance in COPD patients (SMD 0.499 (95% CI -0.165-1.163); p=0.000, I²=0.0%). A subgroup analysis of varied intervention durations revealed that 4 weeks of exercise training significantly improved overall cognitive performance in COPD patients (SMD 0.202 (95% CI -0.238-0.641); p=0.000, I²=0.0%). In addition, just one study had a year-long follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participation in exercise training, whether aerobic exercise alone or in combination with resistance or muscular strength, healthy qigong, dance or breathing exercises, can improve cognitive performance to varying degrees in people with COPD. Nonetheless, the findings should be regarded with caution due to the limitations of the included studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}