European Respiratory Review最新文献

{"title":"Sex and gender differences during the lung lifespan: unveiling a pivotal impact.","authors":"Pasquale Tondo, Claudia Meschi, Marco Mantero, Giulia Scioscia, Matteo Siciliano, Matteo Bradicich, Giulia M Stella","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0121-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0121-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sex and gender differences significantly influence lung parenchyma development, beginning as early as the embryonic stages of human life. Although this association is well known in the clinical manifestations of some relevant pulmonary diseases, there is less data available regarding their effects on cell biological programmes across different stages of body development. A deep understanding of these mechanisms could help in defining preventive strategies tailored to a fully personalised approach to respiratory medicine. From this perspective, this review aims to analyse the influence of sex and gender on bronchoalveolar and vascular compartments from embryonic and neonatal stages through to adolescence, adulthood and elder age.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of vascularity and the fibrovascular interface in interstitial lung diseases.","authors":"Jana Dietrich, Alice Kang, Birger Tielemans, Stijn E Verleden, Hassan Khalil, Florian Länger, Philipp Bruners, Steven J Mentzer, Tobias Welte, Michael Dreher, Danny D Jonigk, Maximilian Ackermann","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0080-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0080-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a clinical term that refers to a diverse group of non-neoplastic lung diseases. This group includes idiopathic and secondary pulmonary entities that are often associated with progressive pulmonary fibrosis. Currently, therapeutic approaches based on specific structural targeting of pulmonary fibrosis are limited to nintedanib and pirfenidone, which can only slow down disease progression leading to a lower mortality rate. Lung transplantation is currently the only available curative treatment, but it is associated with high perioperative mortality. The pulmonary vasculature plays a central role in physiological lung function, and vascular remodelling is considered a hallmark of the initiation and progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Different patterns of pulmonary fibrosis commonly exhibit detectable pathological features such as morphomolecular changes, including intussusceptive and sprouting angiogenesis, vascular morphometry, broncho-systemic anastomoses, and aberrant angiogenesis-related gene expression patterns. Dynamic cellular interactions within the fibrovascular interface, such as endothelial activation and endothelial-mesenchymal transition, are also observed. This review aims to summarise the current clinical, radiological and pathological diagnostic algorithm for different ILDs, including usual interstitial pneumonia/idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, non-specific interstitial pneumonia, alveolar fibroelastosis/pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, systemic sclerosis-related ILD and coronavirus disease 2019 injury. It emphasises an interdisciplinary clinicopathological perspective. Additionally, the review covers current therapeutic strategies and knowledge about associated vascular abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory support in patients with Down syndrome: a systematic review.","authors":"Paolo Ruggeri, Sara Manti, Alessandra Li Pomi, Federica Lo Bello, Giorgio Morana, Claudia Profazio, Mina Bushra, Antonio Esquinas","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0070-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0070-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The population with Down syndrome (DS) makes up a significant portion of patients using short- and long-term noninvasive ventilation (NIV). However, limited data are available concerning the use and outcomes for patients with DS compared with other populations. We systematically reviewed articles providing indications, benefits, adherence and limits of long-term NIV use in the paediatric and adult population with DS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of the literature for articles published between January 2013 and November 2023 was conducted using a protocol registered at PROSPERO (CRD42023488712).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 18 studies focusing on the use of noninvasive respiratory support in patients with DS were included in this review. Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), OSAS post-adenotonsillectomy, hypoventilation and nocturnal hypercapnia were the most common indications for NIV support in patients with DS. However, respiratory anatomical malformation and intellectual disabilities can affect adherence to NIV use. High-flow nasal cannula is an alternative to other noninvasive respiratory support.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Comprehensive and updated consensus compliant with international standards for clinical guidelines is required to significantly improve clinical practice quality, promote evidence-based recommendations and provide tailored interventions in patients with DS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient tachypnoea: new concepts on the commonest neonatal respiratory disorder.","authors":"Costanza Neri, Victor Sartorius, Daniele De Luca","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0112-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0112-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transient tachypnoea of the neonate (TTN) is the commonest neonatal respiratory disorder, but it is quite mild and so has been the subject of relatively little academic and educational work. Recent animal studies and the introduction of new bedside monitoring techniques (<i>e.g.</i> quantitative lung ultrasound and electrical cardiometry) have clarified its pathogenesis. Given its high incidence, TTN is a relevant public health issue and its clinical management should be considered in an era of resource constraints. This review focuses on the latest data on TTN in terms of its pathophysiology, biology, diagnosis, imaging, therapy and cost-effectiveness, so as to optimise clinical care at the bedside. The need for a new pathophysiology-based definition of TTN is also highlighted and the available therapeutics are analysed considering the associated public health issues. This updated knowledge can help to improve the management of TTN and impact positively on its relevant public health consequences. This is particularly important since the mortality of TTN is virtually nil and so cannot be used to evaluate any clinical innovation. We also aim to give some practical guidance for the real-world clinical management of TTN and contribute to the training of neonatologists who care for TTN patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"The deadly dance of alveolar macrophages and influenza virus\". C. David, C. Verney, M. Si-Tahar and A. Guillon. <i>Eur Respir Rev</i> 2024; 33: 240132.","authors":"","doi":"10.1183/16000617.5132-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.5132-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>European Respiratory Review</i>, list of peer reviewers 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.1183/16000617.5175-2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/16000617.5175-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of exercise training on cognitive function in patients with COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.","authors":"Kexin Ding, Feiyun Song, Wen Sun, Mingyun Sun, Rui Xia","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0170-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0170-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of exercise therapies in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) targeted at improving cognitive function and to assess their efficacy in COPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive search of eight databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and Weipu, covering the period from database construction to 23 April 2024. Our search specifically targeted RCTs studying the effects of exercise on cognitive functioning in COPD patients. Trials consisted of one or more exercise training interventions along with at least one cognitive outcome study. Two reviewers independently reviewed papers, extracted data and evaluated the research literature's quality using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool RoB 2.0 and the modified Jadad scale. Meta-analysis of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores in the groups with and without exercise intervention was performed and subgroup analyses were undertaken to identify potential causes of heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included a total of nine studies that included 578 COPD patients (69% male). Each study demonstrated that patients improved significantly in at least one cognitive component following training. All current research focuses on attention, executive function, motor ability, mental capacity, verbal fluency, visuoconstructive abilities and memory. The results revealed that exercise significantly improved MoCA scores in COPD patients (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.576 (95% CI 0.054-1.097); p=0.029). A subgroup analysis of the duration of each intervention revealed that exercise training with an intervention duration of >30 min significantly improved overall cognitive performance in COPD patients (SMD 0.499 (95% CI -0.165-1.163); p=0.000, I²=0.0%). A subgroup analysis of varied intervention durations revealed that 4 weeks of exercise training significantly improved overall cognitive performance in COPD patients (SMD 0.202 (95% CI -0.238-0.641); p=0.000, I²=0.0%). In addition, just one study had a year-long follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participation in exercise training, whether aerobic exercise alone or in combination with resistance or muscular strength, healthy qigong, dance or breathing exercises, can improve cognitive performance to varying degrees in people with COPD. Nonetheless, the findings should be regarded with caution due to the limitations of the included studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Content, uptake and adherence of exercise interventions after an acute exacerbation of COPD: a scoping review.","authors":"Marieke Wuyts, Heleen Demeyer, Thomas Vandendriessche, Yiting Cui, Paulien Mellaerts, Wim Janssens, Thierry Troosters","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0172-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0172-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pulmonary rehabilitation is underutilised in patients after an acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Retrieving information regarding the setting, training modalities and the uptake and adherence to exercise interventions for these individuals in a vulnerable state could potentially guide future research.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature on the content, uptake and adherence of different exercise interventions for patients after an AECOPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight different databases were searched for 1) patients experiencing an AECOPD and 2) performing any form of exercise intervention. Information on content, uptake and adherence was collected and the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT) checklist was performed for each included record.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>59 distinct interventions were identified between 1998 and 2023 including a total of 9238 patients. All studies included patients requiring hospitalisation for the AECOPD, four studies additionally included patients not requiring hospitalisation for the AECOPD. Nine different settings were identified, with the majority of studies conducted in an inpatient setting (n=26) and including whole-body and strength exercises. The overall uptake was mentioned in 38 (62%) studies and was 70% with a 13% dropout rate. No paper reported the full CERT checklist. Adherence was defined <i>a priori</i> in 16 (27%) studies, with the most common definition being attendance of >80% of sessions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Studies properly reporting on the uptake and adherence of well-described interventions, including information regarding fidelity, are needed to further investigate suitable programmes for patients experiencing an AECOPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying outcome domains to establish a core outcome set for progressive pulmonary fibrosis: a scoping review.","authors":"Anouk Delameillieure, Vivien Somogyi, Silja Schenk, Nur Toreyin, Nikola Stenzel, Liesbet Van Bulck, Sofie Breuls, Michael Kreuter, Wim A Wuyts, Nesrin Mogulkoc, Jeanette Boyd, Steve Jones, Liam Galvin, Fabienne Dobbels","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0133-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0133-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>People with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and other forms of progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) have a high symptom burden and a poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Despite efforts to offer specialised treatment, clinical care for these patients remains suboptimal and several nonmedical needs remain unaddressed. Developing a core outcome set (COS) can help to identify a minimum set of agreed-upon outcomes that should be measured and acted-upon in clinical care.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>As a first step towards developing a COS for IPF/PPF, we aimed to identify outcome domains investigated in IPF/PPF research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Conducted within the COCOS-IPF (Co-designing a Core Outcome Set for and with patients with IPF) project, this scoping review follows Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines to search PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods papers. We extracted each paper's outcomes verbatim and classified them using the COMET (Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials) taxonomy. Then, the research team structured outcomes or concepts with similar meanings inductively into outcome domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 428 papers, extracting 1685 outcomes. Most outcomes (n=1340) were identified in quantitative sources, which we could classify in 64 outcome domains, with the main domains being \"all-cause survival\" (n=237), \"lung function\" (n=164) and \"exercise capacity\" (n=99). Qualitative sources identified 51 outcome domains, with the most frequent being \"capability to do activities you enjoy\" (n=31), \"anxiety, worry and fear\" (n=26) and \"dealing with disease progression\" (n=25).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The identified outcomes, spanning diverse domains, highlight the complexity of patient experiences and can form the basis to develop a COS for IPF/PPF clinical care, as well as future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen single and multiple breath washout test and lung imaging to detect treatment-related pulmonary toxicity in paediatric cancer patients and survivors: a systematic review.","authors":"Christine Schneider, Christa Koenig, Maša Žarković, Enno Stranzinger, Tania M Rivero, Jochen Rössler, Claudia E Kuehni, Philipp Latzin, Christina Schindera, Jakob Usemann","doi":"10.1183/16000617.0178-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/16000617.0178-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spirometry-based assessment of pulmonary function has limitations in detecting pulmonary toxicity following cancer treatment with chemotherapy, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, radiotherapy or thoracic surgery. Nitrogen single and multiple breath washout tests are sensitive in assessing peripheral airway function, and lung imaging detects structural abnormalities, but little is known about their use in paediatric cancer patients and survivors. We aimed to 1) identify studies using nitrogen single or multiple breath washout tests and/or lung imaging to assess pulmonary toxicity in paediatric cancer patients and survivors, and 2) describe reported abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library for studies published in 1995‒2023. Eligible studies included paediatric cancer patients and survivors under 22 years of age receiving haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and/or thoracic surgery who underwent nitrogen single or multiple breath washout tests or lung imaging for detecting pulmonary toxicity. Two independent reviewers identified the studies, performed data extraction and assessed risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 12 of 6544 publications. Three studies used nitrogen single or multiple breath washout tests, seven conducted lung imaging using computed tomography and two used both nitrogen single or multiple breath washout tests and lung imaging. Abnormal test results for nitrogen single and multiple breath washout tests and lung imaging were mainly reported following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (67%). All studies performing lung imaging reported structural abnormalities. Study results were heterogeneous due to varying patient and methodological characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified a limited number of studies, mainly after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, reporting functional and structural lung abnormalities in paediatric cancer patients and survivors. Longitudinal studies with standardised assessments using nitrogen single or multiple breath washout tests and lung imaging are needed to improve our understanding of treatment-related pulmonary toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12166,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Review","volume":"34 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}