Particulate matter-induced epigenetic modifications and lung complications.

IF 9 1区医学 Q1 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

European Respiratory Review Pub Date : 2024-11-13 Print Date: 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1183/16000617.0129-2024

Muhammed Afthab, Shadi Hambo, Hyunji Kim, Ali Alhamad, Hani Harb

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Air pollution is one of the leading causes of early deaths worldwide, with particulate matter (PM) as an emerging factor contributing to this trend. PM is classified based on its physical size, which ranges from PM₁₀ (diameter ≤10 μm) to PM_2.5 (≤2.5 μm) and PM_0.5 (≤0.5 μm). Smaller-sized PM can move freely through the air and readily infiltrate deep into the lungs, intensifying existing health issues and exacerbating complications. Lung complications are the most common issues arising from PM exposure due to the primary site of deposition in the respiratory system. Conditions such as asthma, COPD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer and various lung infections are all susceptible to worsening due to PM exposure. PM can epigenetically modify specific target sites, further complicating its impact on these conditions. Understanding these epigenetic mechanisms holds promise for addressing these complications in cases of PM exposure. This involves studying the effect of PM on different gene expressions and regulation through epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNAs. Targeting and manipulating these epigenetic modifications and their mechanisms could be promising strategies for future treatments of lung complications. This review mainly focuses on different epigenetic modifications due to PM_2.5 exposure in the various lung complications mentioned above.

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颗粒物诱导的表观遗传修饰和肺部并发症。

空气污染是导致全球早期死亡的主要原因之一，而颗粒物（PM）是造成这一趋势的新因素。可吸入颗粒物根据其物理尺寸进行分类，从 PM10（直径≤10 μm）到 PM2.5（≤2.5 μm）和 PM0.5（≤0.5 μm）不等。尺寸较小的可吸入颗粒物可在空气中自由移动，并很容易渗入肺部深处，从而加剧现有的健康问题并加剧并发症。由于可吸入颗粒物主要沉积在呼吸系统，因此肺部并发症是接触可吸入颗粒物后最常见的问题。哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病、特发性肺纤维化、肺癌和各种肺部感染等疾病都很容易因接触可吸入颗粒物而恶化。可吸入颗粒物可从表观遗传学上改变特定的靶位点，使其对这些疾病的影响更加复杂。了解这些表观遗传学机制有望解决暴露于可吸入颗粒物情况下的这些并发症。这涉及研究可吸入颗粒物通过表观遗传修饰（包括 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和微RNA）对不同基因表达和调控的影响。针对和操纵这些表观遗传修饰及其机制可能是未来治疗肺部并发症的有前途的策略。本综述主要关注PM2.5暴露在上述各种肺部并发症中导致的不同表观遗传修饰。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Respiratory Review Medicine-Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

CiteScore

14.40

自引率

1.30%

发文量

审稿时长

24 weeks

期刊介绍： The European Respiratory Review (ERR) is an open-access journal published by the European Respiratory Society (ERS), serving as a vital resource for respiratory professionals by delivering updates on medicine, science, and surgery in the field. ERR features state-of-the-art review articles, editorials, correspondence, and summaries of recent research findings and studies covering a wide range of topics including COPD, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, interstitial lung disease, lung cancer, tuberculosis, and pulmonary infections. Articles are published continuously and compiled into quarterly issues within a single annual volume.