Eurosurveillance最新文献

{"title":"When to take action in food-borne disease outbreaks?","authors":"Dirk Werber","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.41.2500228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.41.2500228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identifying and controlling food-borne disease outbreaks (FBDO) remain important public health objectives. There is plenty of guidance on how to detect potential FBDO, e.g. epidemiologically or microbiologically. Likewise, the conduct of an outbreak investigation has long been codified in steps and adapted for FBDO. However, what is less clear is when to act, mainly when to implement appropriate control measures. This is particularly challenging when the causative agent has not yet been detected in the suspected food vehicle(s). The decision on when to act is complex and depends, besides the available evidence, also on other factors, such as the dynamic of the outbreak or the disease severity. No guidance exists for this decision. Notably, an FBDO investigation provides circumstantial evidence on the culprit, and its careful assessment entails an inherently subjective element. There is a need across sectors and countries in Europe for harmonising the view on what constitutes sufficient evidence for furthering investigations and timely taking action, depending on the outbreak situation. A common understanding and possibly a harmonised legislation are the basis for streamlining discussions and decisions during FBDO, thereby preventing the delay of implementing necessary control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145307377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Third <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> disease outbreak involving serotype 4-ST801 in a shipyard, Finland, May to June 2025.","authors":"Maria Francesca Manca, Jaakko Silvola, Jakub Czarnecki, Joana Sequeira Neto, Mari Kanerva, Heikki Kaukavuori, Ana Cristina González Pérez, Irmeli Lindström, Heikki Frilander, Mikhail Fomichev, Harri Marttila, Riitta Ratia, Leif Lakoma, Lotta Siira","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.41.2500758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.41.2500758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Finland experienced three invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) outbreaks among shipyard workers at the same shipyard, in 2019, 2023 and 2025. During the latest outbreak (30 April-6 June 2025), 13 cases were reported, with six confirmed. All five isolates from blood culture-positive cases were serotype 4 - sequence type 801. These were nearly indistinguishable from three isolates from the 2019 outbreak, nine Finnish IPD surveillance isolates and isolates of a 2019 Norwegian shipyard outbreak. We found an association with welding.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145307409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into recurring multi-country outbreaks of <i>Salmonella</i> Strathcona associated with tomatoes, Europe, 2011 to 2024.","authors":"Vivien Brait, Lena Böff, Natalia Marta Zmarlak-Feher, Nathalie Jourdan-Da Silva, Sara Mazzilli, Maria Pardos de la Gandara, Alexandra Moura, Joel Mossong, Corinna Ernst, Catherine Ragimbeau, Roan Pijnacker, Maren Lanzl, Lin T Brandal, Heidi Lange, Roger Stephan, Michael Biggel, Michelle Raess, Ondřej Daniel, Michaela Spačková, Christina Clarke, Martin Cormican, Aoife Colgan, Patricia Garvey, Paul Mckeown, Rikard Dryselius, Nadja Karamehmedovic, Eva Grilc, Marija Trkov, Mateja Pirš, Derek Brown, Lynda Browning, Ann Hoban, Gauri Godbole, Anais Painset, Marie Anne Chattaway, Anni Vainio, Ruska Rimhanen-Finne, Jennie Fischer, Marina C Lamparter, Wesley Mattheus, Florian Commans, Ana Gverić Grginić, Ivan Mlinarić, Iva Pem-Novosel, Sanja Kurečić Filipović, Ivana Ferencak, Dragan Jurić, Taina Niskanen, Cecilia Jernberg, Valentina Rizzi, Eleonora Sarno, Christian Kornschober, Andreas Wolfsbauer, Dirk Werber, Sandra Simon, Pernille Gymoese, Steen Ethelberg, Luise Müller, Sabine Maritschnik, Anika Meinen, Michael Pietsch","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.41.2500224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.41.2500224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Notifications of <i>Salmonella</i> Strathcona infections increased in Europe in 2023 prompting a multi-country outbreak investigation. We aimed to describe the epidemiology of <i>S</i>. Strathcona infections in 17 European countries 2011-2024, investigate the genetic relatedness of <i>S</i>. Strathcona isolates and identify the vehicle. Cases were persons residing in the study area and with a laboratory-confirmed <i>S</i>. Strathcona infection 2011-2024. Confirmed cases had a <i>S</i>. Strathcona isolate clustering with the outbreak reference strain in core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) within 7 allelic differences (AD) and possible cases within 8-13 AD. Probable cases had an epidemiological link to a confirmed case and non-outbreak cases had an isolate > 13 AD from the outbreak reference strain. Since 2011, 662 <i>S</i>. Strathcona infections have been identified: 469 confirmed, 161 probable, 13 possible and 19 non-outbreak cases. Median age of the cases was 34 years (IQR: 19-58 years) and 306 (47.5%) were notified in 2023-2024. Most sequenced isolates (469/496; 94.5%) were highly genetically related (≤ 7 AD) over time and across countries, compatible with a common source. Epidemiological and traceback investigations identified small tomatoes from Sicily as the suspect food vehicle. Stringent control measures at the source are needed to stop the contamination and prevent future cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145307436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and risk factors of <i>Escherichia coli</i> bloodstream infections associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production: a national surveillance and data linkage study, Finland, 2018 to 2023.","authors":"Heikki Ilmavirta, Jukka Ollgren, Kati Räisänen, Tuure Kinnunen, Jari Jalava, Outi Lyytikäinen","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.40.2500196","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.40.2500196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND<i>Escherichia coli</i> (EC) is the leading cause of bloodstream infections (BSI). The emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production in EC is concerning, as it may worsen infection outcomes.AIMWe aimed to assess the incidence and outcome of ESBL-EC and non-ESBL-EC BSIs in Finland in 2018-2023 and identify factors associated with death.METHODSData from national registers were used to identify EC BSIs and to determine infection origin, patient comorbidities and death within 30 days. Isolates resistant or susceptible with increased exposure to third-generation cephalosporins were defined as ESBL-producing. Trends were analysed using a binomial regression model with log link. Factors associated with 30-day case-fatality were evaluated using a multivariable logistic regression model.RESULTSIn total, 33,586 EC BSIs were identified, of which 1,916 (5.7%) were ESBL-EC BSIs. The annual incidence of ESBL-EC BSIs decreased from 7.2/100,000 to 4.9/100,000, being 3.3-fold larger for healthcare-associated than community-acquired ESBL-EC BSIs. Non-ESBL-EC BSIs showed similar but weaker trends. The 30-day case-fatality rate was 1.3-fold higher for ESBL-EC than non-ESBL-EC BSIs and 1.7-3.2-fold higher for healthcare-associated than community-acquired BSIs. Factors associated with 30-day case-fatality included age, comorbidity, male sex, and healthcare association and ESBL in patients with no or less severe comorbidities.CONCLUSIONWe observed a decline in EC BSIs in Finland in 2018-2023, especially those caused by ESBL-EC and healthcare-associated BSIs. ESBL-EC BSIs were associated with 30-day case-fatality only among patients with low comorbidity, a phenomenon requiring further investigation. Continuous surveillance of BSI pathogens, also covering BSI outcome, is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12514435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary care sentinel surveillance of influenza-like illness and laboratory detections of respiratory viral infections in Denmark, week 40 2021 to week 39 2023.","authors":"Amanda Bolt Botnen, Lisbet Krause Knudsen, Julie Grau, Henrik Bang, Jens Nielsen, Jesper Krog, Sofie Midgley, Kristina Træholt Franck, Morten Rasmussen, Uffe Vest Schneider, Hanne-Dorthe Emborg, Lasse S Vestergaard, Ramona Trebbien","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.40.2500103","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.40.2500103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDThe Danish respiratory virus sentinel surveillance system has monitored influenza-like illness and influenza virus activity for over 30 years. During the last decade, additional virus groups were added. In 2021, the system was updated to include SARS-CoV-2, collect detailed symptomatic data, and transitioned to year-round surveillance.AIMTo explore the first two seasons of year-round respiratory virus surveillance and the first symptomatic data collected in the Danish primary care sentinel surveillance system.METHODSIn 2021/22 and 2022/23 seasons, 156 and 147 participating general practitioners, respectively, reported influenza-like illness consultation rates, collected symptomatic data and swabbed patient volunteers. Swabs were sent to Statens Serum Institut for multiplex PCR analysis, with additional characterisation using high-throughput sequencing or type-specific PCR assays for viruses such as influenza, SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).RESULTSDuring the two seasons, 4,391 and 6,034 swabs, respectively, were collected and analysed. Year-round surveillance detected an unusually early wave of RSV during 2022/23. While present in nearly all weeks, SARS-CoV-2 showed waves with increased detection. Year-round surveillance also highlighted consistent patterns, such as continuous presence of entero-/rhinoviruses and endemic coronaviruses, as well as parainfluenza virus appearing after influenza virus. Symptom data showed differences by both sex and virus type, e.g. headaches were more commonly reported by women with RSV.CONCLUSIONSOur findings highlight the value of year-round respiratory virus surveillance in identifying both atypical virus activity and consistent patterns outside the winter season. Symptom data suggest the need for further research into sex-specific symptom patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12514434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Peanut butter confirmed as the source in a case of infant botulism, United Kingdom, 2024.","authors":"Kathleen F Gensheimer, Cecile Punzalan, Karl Klontz","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.40.2500713","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.40.2500713","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12514433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early results from implementation of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with long-acting injectable cabotegravir for people with barriers to oral strategies, Italy, December 2024 to August 2025.","authors":"Davide Moschese, Rozenn Esvan, Chiara Fusetti, Virginia Barchi, Maria Vittoria Cossu, Alessandro Giacinta, Samuel Lazzarin, Giulia Terracini, Francesco Caruso, Giulia Micheli, Donatella Maddalena, Giulia Del Duca, Francesco Petri, Gianluca Frate, Maddalena Matone, Damiano Farinacci, Andrea Giacomelli, Paolo Faccendini, Debora Visigalli, Sara Passacantilli, Agostino Riva, Andrea Antinori, Andrea Gori, Valentina Mazzotta","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.39.2500739","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.39.2500739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Between December 2024 and August 2025, two Italian HIV/STI clinics offered long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) for HIV prevention in 265 individuals, representing the first European real-world implementation. Participants were prioritised based on vulnerabilities compromising oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), such as poor adherence, comorbidities and behavioural barriers. Adherence to injections exceeded 95%, tolerability was favourable and only 1.5% discontinued for drug-related reasons. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of CAB-LA in European clinical services and support its use in specific populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12495377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A local outbreak of iatrogenic botulism associated with cosmetic injections of botulinum neurotoxin-containing products, England, 2025.","authors":"Joseph Jasperse, Kate Wilson, Sana Akbar, Iain Hayden, Qudsia Naseem, Alison Worthington, Amii Coglan, Matt Hewson, Alan Young, Min Fang, Yvonne Liu, Joanne Darke, Vanessa Wong, Gauri Godbole, Gareth J Hughes","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.39.2500746","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.39.2500746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In June 2025, 25 botulism cases were identified among recipients of botulinum neurotoxin-containing cosmetic injections in North East England. A case-control study indicated that cases were more likely to have attended two specific practitioners and received an unlicensed product (p < 0.001). Testing of seized product detected a potency (370 units/vial) that was higher than listed on its labelling (200 units/vial). Strengthened regulation of cosmetic procedures is necessary for mitigating public health risks, which are exacerbated by the availability of unlicensed products.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12495379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking epidemiological shifts in hepatitis A in Portugal: a comparison of seroprevalence between two nationwide surveys, 2001 to 2002 and 2015 to 2016.","authors":"Vera Manageiro, Rita Matos, Paula Palminha, Helena Cortes-Martins, Baltazar Nunes, Rita de Sousa","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.37.2500020","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.37.2500020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis A incidence in Portugal declined from 20.1 to 0.4/100,000 population between 1987 and 2023, changing non-vaccinated population susceptibility. This shift has contributed to more frequent outbreaks, including in 2024-25, highlighting the need to enhance surveillance and integrate serological data.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to describe the exposure profile of the Portuguese population to hepatitis A virus (HAV) over time by estimating and comparing the seroprevalence of hepatitis A in two nationwide surveys.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from two cross-sectional seroprevalence studies performed in 2001-02 and 2015-16 in the population aged ≥ 2 years were analysed. Seroprevalence was weighted for population distribution by age, sex and region, and then analysed by birth cohort (1911 -2014) and compared using Poisson regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall prevalence of anti-HAV IgG antibodies was 67.3% (95% CI: 64.2-70.3) in 2001-02 (n = 1,642) and 56.3% (95% CI: 52.4-60.2) in 2015-16 (n = 2,052), showing an 11-percentage-point decline. Birth cohort analysis revealed consistent seroprevalence within each cohort in both surveys, i.e. seroprevalence for the 1981-90 birth cohort was 16.7% and 18.7%, respectively, suggesting that higher seroprevalence is more closely associated with birth cohort (cohort effect) rather than a specific time point. Additionally, we found that individuals aged ≥ 30 years, born before the 1980s, and those with lower education had higher seroprevalence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The immunological profile of anti-HAV antibodies in the Portuguese population has shifted over the last decades. High susceptibility and shifting age distribution of Hepatitis A-seropositive individuals highlight the need to revise future vaccination strategies in Portugal.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12449678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of the EuroRotaNet surveillance network to rotavirus strain surveillance in Europe.","authors":"Natasha Marcella Vaselli, Miren Iturriza-Gómara, Daniel Hungerford","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.38.2400798","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.38.2400798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two rotavirus strain surveillance networks operate in Europe: the World Health Organization Global Rotavirus Surveillance Network and the European Rotavirus Network (EuroRotaNet). We describe and appraise rotavirus strain surveillance, with a focus on EuroRotaNet, which has conducted rotavirus strain surveillance since 2007 across 21 European countries. Since EuroRotaNet began, epidemiological and genotype data has been collected on over 90,000 rotavirus-positive specimens. We identified distinct differences in strain distribution across seasons, countries, regions and age cohorts. As infant rotavirus vaccination has been rolled out in some European countries, the EuroRotaNet surveillance network is able to monitor changes in strain type circulation and signs of potential emergence of vaccine escape strains, comparing countries with and without vaccination programs. Despite natural fluctuations in strain distribution, the data show an increase in strain diversity after vaccine introduction, although no strain displacement due to vaccination nor emergence of unusual strains of epidemiologically significance were noted. The EuroRotaNet surveillance network takes a pragmatic approach to surveillance and is not overly prescriptive, creating a wide, engaged and sustainable network.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12475894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}