EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies最新文献

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Assessing the Influence of Source Characteristics, Psychological-Related Factors, and Content Attributes on Purchase Intention: The Case of an International Cosmetics Company in the Philippines 来源特征、心理相关因素和内容属性对购买意愿的影响评估——以菲律宾一家国际化妆品公司为例
EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-24 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.22
Manuel R. Tanpoco, Alexis Therese L. Alonte, Candace Anne D. Nubla, Dominique Marie B. Ramirez De Arellano, Ralph Phillip F. Torres, Joliber M. Caminong, Retchell Rubin L. Morales
{"title":"Assessing the Influence of Source Characteristics, Psychological-Related Factors, and Content Attributes on Purchase Intention: The Case of an International Cosmetics Company in the Philippines","authors":"Manuel R. Tanpoco, Alexis Therese L. Alonte, Candace Anne D. Nubla, Dominique Marie B. Ramirez De Arellano, Ralph Phillip F. Torres, Joliber M. Caminong, Retchell Rubin L. Morales","doi":"10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.22","url":null,"abstract":"Influencer Marketing has become a widely used strategy wherein social media influencers partner with businesses to create awareness about their brand and promote their products. XYZ (not real name) Cosmetics, an international cosmetics company that provides affordable, high-quality products to the Philippine market, is one such company that embraces the trend. It has integrated influencer marketing to better connect with its customers. This study determines the relationship between the three aspects of influencers: Source Characteristics (Attractiveness and Popularity), Psychological-Related Influential Factors (Self-Congruency and Product Match-Up), and Content Attributes (Quality and Uniqueness) with XYZ's Customer Purchase Intention (CPI). Through using a case study survey research design, the study chose 387 respondents, randomly sampling the Instagram followers of XYZ. An online questionnaire consisting of seven-point Likert scale items was administered. The results show that Attractiveness, Uniqueness, and Self-Congruency significantly affect customer purchase intention, while Popularity, Product Match-up, and Quality do not. The study has implications for brand managers and entrepreneurs, underscoring how an influencer should be selected, especially for cosmetics companies like XYZ. The researchers recommend choosing an attractive and unique influencer known to possess credibility, an amiable personality, and good values while focusing less on assessing how well the influencer vlogs, how popular the talent is, and how matched the person is with the company's products.
","PeriodicalId":12154,"journal":{"name":"EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135926585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sacrifice and Satisfaction: Exploring The Quality of Life of Public Secondary School Volunteer Teachers in Remote Areas 牺牲与满足:边远地区公办中学支教教师的生活质量探索
EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.11
Maricris Bullon Leon, Romar F. Mokamad, Jean F. Almirante, Aneve Y. Mandado, ShaMyca E. Barcenal, John Lloyd Salvadico, Rysa Lee Ann Ocariza Salendab, Fahad Salendab
{"title":"Sacrifice and Satisfaction: Exploring The Quality of Life of Public Secondary School Volunteer Teachers in Remote Areas","authors":"Maricris Bullon Leon, Romar F. Mokamad, Jean F. Almirante, Aneve Y. Mandado, ShaMyca E. Barcenal, John Lloyd Salvadico, Rysa Lee Ann Ocariza Salendab, Fahad Salendab","doi":"10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the quality of life of selected secondary school volunteer teachers in the remote areas of the Schools Division of Sultan Kudarat. This qualitative study utilizes phenomenology as its method and used convenience sampling as the sampling technique. Six (6) volunteer teachers were the study's participants. Moreover, the study employed a semi-structured interview guide with open-ended questions, and the data were analyzed using Thematic Analysis.
 Through thematic analysis, some emerging themes were extracted after an exhaustive and systematic process of thematic coding, analysis, and categorizations of the transcripts from the interview. Such themes include teachers' passion for teaching, enhancement of teachers' skills, teachers' psychological condition, qualifications, financial stability, long-distance travel, unsafe roadways, classroom management skills, faith, community linkages, classroom management skills, seminars and training, multi-talented teachers, and allowances.
 This study concludes that volunteer teachers in remote areas need more financial stability. Some of the teachers have limited seminars and training attended. Although they show incredible resilience and courage, they cannot cope with the increasing daily expenses, and a positive outlook cannot buy even the necessities a teacher needs to sustain himself, their family, and even the teaching-learning process itself.
 The study recommends that more be done to support and train volunteer teachers. Initiatives like professional development programs, access to teaching resources, provision of allowances and hazard pay, provision of plantilla positions in remote areas, and social support networks can go a long way in supporting volunteer teachers and improving education in remote areas.","PeriodicalId":12154,"journal":{"name":"EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies","volume":"1081 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessment of the No Plastic Policy Implementation: A Basis to Plastic Waste Management Action Plan “禁止使用塑胶”政策执行情况评估:塑胶废物管理行动计划的基础
EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.19
Victoria P. Valenzuela, Lianne Mar DC Sultan, Ma. Cecilia A. Calatrava, Pauline G. Esguerra, Diane Grace B. Montero
{"title":"Assessment of the No Plastic Policy Implementation: A Basis to Plastic Waste Management Action Plan","authors":"Victoria P. Valenzuela, Lianne Mar DC Sultan, Ma. Cecilia A. Calatrava, Pauline G. Esguerra, Diane Grace B. Montero","doi":"10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.19","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assessed the extent of the implementation of the Provincial Ordinance 2012-09 or the No Plastic Policy in the Municipality of Balagtas, Bulacan. Since plastic waste is one of the evident issues in the municipality, the study aimed to assess the extent and determine the challenges encountered in the implementation of the No Plastic Policy which was signed in order to address the issues related to plastic wastes. The extent of the implementation of the policy was gathered through survey questionnaires distributed to business sectors and households while semi-structured interviews were conducted among the key implementers to determine the challenges encountered. The findings of the study showed that the extent of the implementation of the No Plastic Policy was somewhat implemented and the challenges encountered include costly and limited alternatives; lack of clarity in the operational guidelines; non-compliance of the residents; and lack of strict implementation efforts. Thus, the findings of the study showed that there is a need to strengthen the existing ordinance in the Municipality of Balagtas, Bulacan.","PeriodicalId":12154,"journal":{"name":"EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies","volume":"89 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interpersonal, Leadership, and Supervisory Skills of Public School Heads 公立学校校长的人际关系、领导能力和管理技能
EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.13
Goldie P. Trongco, Eingilbert C. Benolirao
{"title":"Interpersonal, Leadership, and Supervisory Skills of Public School Heads","authors":"Goldie P. Trongco, Eingilbert C. Benolirao","doi":"10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.13","url":null,"abstract":"This study determined the level of competency of the Elementary School Heads in the District of Sibonga, along with the aspects of interpersonal, leadership, and supervisory skills during the school year 2020-2021 a basis for the management training framework. The areas of concern included the perceived level of competency in terms of interpersonal, leadership, and supervisory skills; the significant difference in the perception of the respondent groups of the three variables; the participants’ perspectives towards the three variables; and the management training framework. The result of the study showed that the respondents showed the same level of competency. Most of them have maintained a competent level of perception. Based on the result, respondents showed the same level of perception as to the different variables presented and no significant difference between them. It can be concluded that the passion and enthusiasm of our teachers and school heads are still maintained and even doubled due to the sudden change in learning approach. It is recommended that there is a need to assess the leadership style and situational favorableness of our teachers and school heads. With that, the Management Training Framework is being proposed.","PeriodicalId":12154,"journal":{"name":"EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Assessment of the Physical Fitness of Senior High School Learners: Basis for the Development of a Home-Based Physical Fitness Plan 高中学生体质评估:制定家庭体质计划的基础
EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.14
Noel L. Dominado
{"title":"An Assessment of the Physical Fitness of Senior High School Learners: Basis for the Development of a Home-Based Physical Fitness Plan","authors":"Noel L. Dominado","doi":"10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.14","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the Physical Fitness Levels of Learners during the Lockdown Period: Basis for the Development of a Home-Based Physical Fitness Plan: To achieve the purpose of the study, the descriptive research design was used. Seventy-six (76) eleventh graders Health Optimizing Physical Education Accountancy, Business Management learners of Senior High School in Magalang Stand Alone 2 in the School Year 2020-2021 served as respondents of the study. The result revealed that body mass index marked a case of overweight and underweight, the respondents’ health-related fitness show above normal, needs improvement cardiovascular endurance, fair and needs improvement muscular strength. However, some are fair and need improvement in hamstring flexibility, and needs improvement in left shoulder girdle flexibility. Furthermore, the skill-related fitness of the respondents shows poor, fair, and needs improvement agility. Furthermore, poor and needs improvement balance, fair and needs improvement coordination. However, needs improvement and developing performance speed. Lastly, needs improvement in the leg, while needs improvement in reaction time. It is suggested the development of effective preventive strategies for all unfit students who are at high risk of being underweight and overweight and the design of programs that will enhance the fitness of students’ health and skill-related fitness.","PeriodicalId":12154,"journal":{"name":"EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Motives and Barriers to Exercise among Underweight Filipino College Students 菲律宾体重过轻大学生运动动机及障碍
EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.16
Patrick L. Manasan, Cristine G. Quitor, Vincent P. Ronquillo, Darelle C. Dabu, Jennilyn T. Dela Cruz, Ma. Angela V. Sode, Salvador Jr. L. Cruz
{"title":"Motives and Barriers to Exercise among Underweight Filipino College Students","authors":"Patrick L. Manasan, Cristine G. Quitor, Vincent P. Ronquillo, Darelle C. Dabu, Jennilyn T. Dela Cruz, Ma. Angela V. Sode, Salvador Jr. L. Cruz","doi":"10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.16","url":null,"abstract":"In many cases, underweight students may be left behind due to poor nutrition, health issues, or lack of access to resources that would help them thrive and achieve their academic goals. This condition is often overlooked, but it can have serious health consequences. In this paper, the researchers used the free-listing method to ascertain the perceived motives and barriers to exercise among underweight Filipino university students. This quantitative-descriptive study comprised 300 underweight Filipino college students enrolled in ‘PATHFIT-2: Exercise-Based Fitness Activities' for first-year students during their Second Semester of the Academic Year 2022-2023 from the main campus of a state university in Pampanga, Philippines, who were classified as having BMIs below the normal weight. Furthermore, EMI-2 from Mullan et al. (1997) subscales were used to categorize responses in the free list for motives, whereas Myers and Roth's (1997) subscales were utilized to categorize barriers. The top five reported motives for underweight students were \"positive health,\" \"strength and endurance\", \"ill health avoidance\", \"appearance\", and \"weight management\". While \"competition\", \"nimbleness\", \"affiliation\", and \"health pressures\" did not elicit a response. On the other hand, most respondents do not have enough time and are too lazy to exercise since it may interfere with their school-related tasks. The findings provided educational institutions with precise recommendations on how to establish exercise programs that are in line with what motivates students and examine any barriers that may prevent such physical activity engagement.","PeriodicalId":12154,"journal":{"name":"EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136011622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Online teaching experiences during a global crisis: Private school teachers’ narratives in the Emirates 全球危机中的在线教学经验:阿联酋私立学校教师的叙述
EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.12
Henry E. Lemana II, John Rey L. Torres, Karla Jane P. Cabiling, Crizjale V. Ahmad
{"title":"Online teaching experiences during a global crisis: Private school teachers’ narratives in the Emirates","authors":"Henry E. Lemana II, John Rey L. Torres, Karla Jane P. Cabiling, Crizjale V. Ahmad","doi":"10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.12","url":null,"abstract":"The educational sector, like many other aspects of human life worldwide, has faced unparalleled challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the perspectives of conveniently selected secondary school teachers at a private school in the United Arab Emirates regarding the transition from in-person to online teaching, aiming to enhance the effectiveness of online learning. Employing a qualitative-descriptive design, the study generated findings that revealed that utilizing diverse teaching strategies and creating interactive online learning environments promoted student engagement. Moreover, teachers established a friendly and secure online classroom where students were encouraged to actively participate and share their thoughts on the subject matter. However, several challenges were identified, including technological difficulties, low student engagement, academic dishonesty, and feelings of isolation resulting from a lack of peer interaction, all of which significantly impacted the well-being of the participants. Despite these obstacles, teachers remained committed to their profession and maintained a passion for supporting their families. The study recommends encouraging teachers to continue integrating technology into the teaching and learning process, embracing innovative methodologies, and providing logistical and psychological support to effectively navigate the challenges posed by educational disruptions. Findings also provide a significant backdrop for the improvement of the implementation and effectiveness of digital education.","PeriodicalId":12154,"journal":{"name":"EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136011621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Retirement: Keeping the Zeal for Teaching Aflame 退休:保持教学热情
EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.15
Sherwin M. Parinas
{"title":"Retirement: Keeping the Zeal for Teaching Aflame","authors":"Sherwin M. Parinas","doi":"10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.15","url":null,"abstract":"This phenomenological inquiry intended to unearth the lived experiences of the retired faculty members on post retirement career. Previous studies had linked retirement with leisure, relaxation and benefit. However, this current study viewed it as an avenue to pursue a career as evidenced by twenty-one (21) retired teachers from basic to tertiary education in both public and private institutions. The salient findings revealed that the preference to work after tenure was anchored from economic reasons, defying age, loss and fear of insignificance. As they were nearing the twilight, working for them meant making every tick count. Economic reason was also a factor as they found their pension too minimal an amount to purchase not only basic commodities but hospitalization and maintenance medicine as years went by. But seasoned as they were, they managed to jump over the hurdles by being optimistic and maintaining circle as support system like family and friends, above all, imploring the Divine Providence. To lighten the plight, it was suggested that institutions may implement policies like seminars and training that could provide a better retirement preparation and transition to probable retirees.","PeriodicalId":12154,"journal":{"name":"EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tracer Study of the Nursing Graduates in a State College 某州立大学护理专业毕业生示踪研究
EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.20
Jayson S. Austria
{"title":"Tracer Study of the Nursing Graduates in a State College","authors":"Jayson S. Austria","doi":"10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This graduate tracer study aimed to improve the nursing program in a state college. Method: It used descriptive survey collect the nursing graduates' demographic, educational, and employment profiles, as well as their feedbacks. The study used 60% representative stratified and snowball samplings. Findings presented in frequency distribution tables. Feedbacks were grouped into themes. Results: The demographic profile showed varied age from 20 to 40 years old, who were largely female. The educational profile showed fluctuating nurse licensure examination percentage, and a large number who were not actively involved in continuing professional development. The employment profile showed a large number of graduates who were not employed in nursing related jobs and without permanent employment status. Conclusion: Thus, these findings corroborated the graduates' feedbacks that to produce quality graduates for the labor market, program offering improvement in terms of faculty, curriculum and instruction, library, and physical facilities is needed.","PeriodicalId":12154,"journal":{"name":"EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effect of Pictures in Writing Narrative Text of Students of Junior High 图片在初中学生叙事文本写作中的作用
EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.17
Mungkap Mangapul Siahaan, Asima Rohani Sinaga, Jumaria Sirait, Ega Putri Sani Sibarani, Sunggul Pasaribu
{"title":"The Effect of Pictures in Writing Narrative Text of Students of Junior High","authors":"Mungkap Mangapul Siahaan, Asima Rohani Sinaga, Jumaria Sirait, Ega Putri Sani Sibarani, Sunggul Pasaribu","doi":"10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.17","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate whether or not there is an effect of Picture Teaching Model in teaching narrative text for the ninth grades students of SMPN 2 Pematangsiantar. The method used in the research is a true experimental design method. In the method, the researcher used two classes as one control class and one experimental class. The experimental class was taught with a treatment as Picture Teaching Model and the control class was taught with a conventional model. The sampling was selected by random sampling, as class 〖IX〗^5 as control class consisted of 32 students and class 〖IX〗^7 as experimental class consists of 32 students. The means of experimental group was higher that that the control group (20.75 – 14.53 = 2.87), the two means of both experimental and control group was different. If this difference can show that t-test is greater than t-table, that it is significant. The value of t-test has higher than t-table 6.98>2.00. It means that there is a significances after Picture Teaching Model is used to teach writing narrative text. Based on calculation of t-test is (6.98) is higher than t-table at the level of significance (2.00). If the result of t-test is higher than t-table (6.98>2.00), the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. The results state that there is an influence of Picture Teaching Model in Narrative text learning in class IX of SMPN 2 Pematangsiantar.","PeriodicalId":12154,"journal":{"name":"EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136011623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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