{"title":"Crystal structure of a family II pyrophosphatase from Thermodesulfobacterium commune and factors enabling its high-temperature adaptation","authors":"Saki Maruoka, Takamasa Teramoto, Keiichi Watanabe, Yoshimitsu Kakuta","doi":"10.1002/1873-3468.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inorganic pyrophosphatases (PPases) are crucial for energy metabolism and are classified into families with distinct metal ion requirements and structural features. Here, we report the expression, purification, and crystal structure of a thermostable family II PPase from the thermophile <i>Thermodesulfobacterium commune</i> (<i>Tc</i>PPase). <i>Tc</i>PPase, which is optimally activated by Co<sup>2+</sup> and Mn<sup>2+</sup>, requires both the N- and C-terminal domains for full catalytic activity. Comparative structural analyses with orthologous enzymes from psychrophilic and mesophilic organisms suggest that the thermostability of <i>Tc</i>PPase is attributable to enhanced hydrophobic interactions, increased proline content, dense hydrogen-bonding networks, and additional salt bridges. These findings reveal the molecular basis for the thermal adaptation of family II PPases, providing valuable insights for thermostable enzyme engineering for biotechnological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12142,"journal":{"name":"FEBS Letters","volume":"599 15","pages":"2220-2232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FEBS LettersPub Date : 2025-07-26DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.70118
Alexander Röntgen, Zenon Toprakcioglu, Michele Vendruscolo
{"title":"Aβ42 promotes the aggregation of α-synuclein splice isoforms via heterogeneous nucleation.","authors":"Alexander Röntgen, Zenon Toprakcioglu, Michele Vendruscolo","doi":"10.1002/1873-3468.70118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing evidence suggests that amyloid-β (Aβ) and α-synuclein (αSyn) co-aggregate in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), an in other neurodegenerative disorders. We investigated how Aβ42 - the predominant Aβ form in AD - co-aggregates with four αSyn splice isoforms (αSyn-140, αSyn-126, αSyn-112 and αSyn-98) implicated in PD, finding evidence of a two-step process. Aβ42 first aggregated into fibrillar assemblies, which then acted as potent nucleation surfaces for initiating the aggregation of αSyn isoforms. Furthermore, pre-formed Aβ42 seeds promoted αSyn aggregation more strongly than in situ Aβ42 aggregates. Our results reveal a unified Aβ-αSyn co-aggregation mechanism, where Aβ aggregation and αSyn splicing synergistically drive co-deposition. These findings could help develop therapeutic tools to target key steps in disease-related co-aggregation pathways. Impact statement By demonstrating that Aβ42 fibril seeds serve as potent heterogeneous nucleation surfaces for four common α-synuclein splice isoforms, this study mechanistically links protein aggregation in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Kinetic analysis identifies early cross-seeding events, suggesting intervention points to delay mixed amyloid pathologies in neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12142,"journal":{"name":"FEBS Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FEBS LettersPub Date : 2025-07-26DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.70120
Emily M. Dieter, James Larson, Monika Tokmina-Lukaszewska, Jin Xiong, Jared Green, Yisong Guo, William E. Broderick, Brian Bothner, Joan B. Broderick
{"title":"Archaeal protein containing domain of unknown function 2193 undergoes oligomeric reconfiguration upon iron–sulfur cluster binding","authors":"Emily M. Dieter, James Larson, Monika Tokmina-Lukaszewska, Jin Xiong, Jared Green, Yisong Guo, William E. Broderick, Brian Bothner, Joan B. Broderick","doi":"10.1002/1873-3468.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/1873-3468.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Methanogenic archaea are particularly rich in iron–sulfur proteins, yet their roles remain largely enigmatic. Here, we characterized a <i>Methanococcus voltae</i> (<i>Mvo</i>) protein from the domain of unknown function (DUF) 2193 family, a group of proteins present primarily in archaea and characterized by a conserved cysteine-rich C-terminal motif. <i>Mvo</i>DUF2193 was heterologously expressed and characterized by a range of spectroscopic and analytical methods. The results demonstrate that <i>Mvo</i>DUF2193 binds a single [4Fe–4S] cluster per subunit and that cluster occupancy regulates the transition from an apo tetramer to a [4Fe–4S] monomeric form. We hypothesize that <i>Mvo</i>DUF2193 serves a regulatory role in the cell, mediated by [Fe–S] cluster binding and changes in oligomeric state.</p>","PeriodicalId":12142,"journal":{"name":"FEBS Letters","volume":"599 16","pages":"2318-2333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/1873-3468.70120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FEBS LettersPub Date : 2025-07-25DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.70125
Thomas S Blacker, Nimit Mistry, Nicoletta Plotegher, Elizabeth R Westbrook, Michael D E Sewell, John Carroll, Gyorgy Szabadkai, Angus J Bain, Michael R Duchen
{"title":"Redox-dependent binding and conformational equilibria govern the fluorescence decay of NAD(P)H in living cells.","authors":"Thomas S Blacker, Nimit Mistry, Nicoletta Plotegher, Elizabeth R Westbrook, Michael D E Sewell, John Carroll, Gyorgy Szabadkai, Angus J Bain, Michael R Duchen","doi":"10.1002/1873-3468.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When probed in living systems using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), the emission from reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and its phosphorylated form NADPH have shown promise as sensitive intrinsic reporters of metabolism. However, an incomplete understanding of the biochemical processes controlling their fluorescence decay makes it difficult to draw unambiguous conclusions. Here, we utilised time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy imaging to identify multiple enzyme binding configurations associated with lifetimes both longer and shorter than unbound NAD(P)H. FLIM, combined with mathematical and computational modelling, revealed that the redox states of the NAD and NADP pools control the steady-state equilibrium of binding configurations, which in turn determines the observed fluorescence decay. This knowledge will be foundational to developing the accurate interpretation of NAD(P)H FLIM.</p>","PeriodicalId":12142,"journal":{"name":"FEBS Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144947584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FEBS LettersPub Date : 2025-07-22DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.70110
Tom Snelling, Kodi Hunter, Celest W S Tay, Nicola T Wood, Philip Cohen
{"title":"TRAF2 binds to TIFA via a novel motif and contributes to its autophagic degradation.","authors":"Tom Snelling, Kodi Hunter, Celest W S Tay, Nicola T Wood, Philip Cohen","doi":"10.1002/1873-3468.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.70110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A signal transduction pathway has been defined in which ADP-heptose activates the mammalian protein kinase ALPK1, which phosphorylates the adaptor protein TIFA, inducing its polymerisation and interaction with the E3 ubiquitin ligases TRAF2/c-IAP1 and TRAF6. These E3 ligases drive activation of the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1, culminating in the production and secretion of inflammatory mediators to combat microbial infection. TRAF6 is essential in this process, but how TRAF2 interacts with TIFA and its role in the pathway is unclear. Here, we identify two conserved sequence motifs in TIFA essential for TRAF2 interaction, one of which (Pro159-Xaa-Xaa-Glu162) is novel. We additionally report that ADP-heptose induces TIFA degradation by autophagy and that both TRAF2 and TRAF6 contribute to this process. These findings advance understanding of how TRAF2 regulates the ALPK1-TIFA signalling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":12142,"journal":{"name":"FEBS Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FEBS LettersPub Date : 2025-07-22DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.70122
Didem Naz Dioken, Ibrahim Ozgul, Ayse Elif Erson-Bensan
{"title":"The 3' end of the tale-neglected isoforms in cancer.","authors":"Didem Naz Dioken, Ibrahim Ozgul, Ayse Elif Erson-Bensan","doi":"10.1002/1873-3468.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evolutionary expansion of 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs), along with the incorporation of transposable elements and alternative polyadenylation (APA) sites, has introduced additional layers of gene expression control in eukaryotes. Consequently, 3'UTRs regulate the stability, translation, and localization of mRNAs by interacting with RNA-binding proteins and non-coding RNAs, thereby contributing to cell-type-specific and context-dependent gene expression. Mounting evidence highlights the importance of non-coding regions, particularly 3'UTRs, in normal physiology and disease states, including cancer. Genomic alterations and driver mutations in coding regions play a well-established role in cancer biology. Advances in long-read sequencing and 3'UTR-focused genome-/transcriptome-wide association studies (GWAS/TWAS) improve our understanding of transcriptome complexity and how mRNA isoforms with different 3'-ends may impact protein functions. This Review explores the regulatory roles of 3'UTRs, sources of 3'UTR isoform diversity, and implications in cancer, emphasizing the need for further research into their diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Impact statement This review highlights how alternative polyadenylation generates diverse mRNA 3'-end isoforms in cancer. Isoforms with distinct 3'UTRs are differentially regulated by microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, while intronically polyadenylated isoforms can lead to C-terminally truncated proteins with altered functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12142,"journal":{"name":"FEBS Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Detyrosinated α-tubulin mediates mitochondrial dysfunction and diastolic impairment in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","authors":"Shunsuke Miura, Tomofumi Misaka, Toranosuke Sekine, Ryo Ogawara, Shohei Ichimura, Yusuke Tomita, Tetsuro Yokokawa, Masayoshi Oikawa, Takafumi Ishida, Yasuchika Takeishi","doi":"10.1002/1873-3468.70119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/1873-3468.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized by diastolic dysfunction, yet its molecular basis remains unclear. Here, we identified detyrosinated α-tubulin as a key cause of mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired mitophagy in HFpEF. In a SAUNA-induced HFpEF mouse model, elevated vasohibin-1 (VASH1) expression was associated with increased detyrosinated α-tubulin. In H9c2 cardiomyocytes, VASH1 overexpression or tubulin tyrosine ligase knockout raised detyrosinated α-tubulin levels, leading to reduced mitochondrial respiration. Detyrosinated α-tubulin on mitochondria impaired Parkin recruitment and polyubiquitination of voltage-dependent anion channel 1, suppressing mitophagy. Cardiac-specific VASH1 expression recapitulated HFpEF-like phenotypes, including diastolic dysfunction, reduced exercise capacity, and decreased mitochondrial complex activity. These findings suggest that α-tubulin detyrosination contributes to HFpEF pathogenesis and may serve as a therapeutic target.</p><p>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":12142,"journal":{"name":"FEBS Letters","volume":"599 17","pages":"2474-2490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FEBS LettersPub Date : 2025-07-20DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.70121
Chao Li, Gerard van der Zon, Peter Ten Dijke, Tong Shen
{"title":"ERBIN limits epithelial cell plasticity via suppression of TGF-β signaling.","authors":"Chao Li, Gerard van der Zon, Peter Ten Dijke, Tong Shen","doi":"10.1002/1873-3468.70121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ERBIN acts as a negative regulator of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD signaling pathways that play a role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the role of ERBIN in EMT is poorly understood. Our results show that ERBIN inhibits TGF-β-induced EMT in NMuMG breast and in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. ERBIN inhibits TGF-β/SMAD-dependent gene expression and also interferes with TGF-β-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. Moreover, when the TGF-β type I receptor kinase activity is inhibited, the mesenchymal state of ERBIN-depleted A549 cells is reduced. Pharmacological inhibition of TGF-β receptor and EGFR signaling counteracts increased EMT and migration in A549 ERBIN-depleted cells. Our findings identify ERBIN as a key suppressor of EMT through coordinated inhibition of TGF-β and EGFR signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":12142,"journal":{"name":"FEBS Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FEBS LettersPub Date : 2025-07-18DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.70113
Can Zeyneloglu, Huseyn Babayev, Ismail Ogulur, Sena Ardicli, Yagiz Pat, Duygu Yazici, Bingjie Zhao, Lihong Chang, Xiaoqing Liu, Paolo D'Avino, Manru Li, Ceren Biçer, Fatma Hacer Kurtoğlu Babayev, Raja Dhir, Kari C Nadeau, Marie-Charlotte Brüggen, Mubeccel Akdis, Cezmi A Akdis
{"title":"The epithelial barrier theory proposes a comprehensive explanation for the origins of allergic and other chronic noncommunicable diseases.","authors":"Can Zeyneloglu, Huseyn Babayev, Ismail Ogulur, Sena Ardicli, Yagiz Pat, Duygu Yazici, Bingjie Zhao, Lihong Chang, Xiaoqing Liu, Paolo D'Avino, Manru Li, Ceren Biçer, Fatma Hacer Kurtoğlu Babayev, Raja Dhir, Kari C Nadeau, Marie-Charlotte Brüggen, Mubeccel Akdis, Cezmi A Akdis","doi":"10.1002/1873-3468.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The epithelial barrier theory proposes that modern environmental exposures compromise skin and mucosal surfaces, initiating local inflammation that propagates systemically. The theory integrates epidemiological trends, molecular mechanistic data, and emerging clinical data to show how everyday exposures cause the development and exacerbation of more than 70 chronic noncommunicable diseases. A canonical epithelial cell and barrier injury cascade takes place, generating oxidative stress with increased reactive oxygen species, the release of alarmins, and multiple chemokines and epithelial barrier disruption. The damage to epithelial barriers occurs together with microbial dysbiosis. The alerted immune system fuels various immune activation loops involving multiple cells and chemokines and links barrier leakiness to atopic, autoimmune, metabolic, and neuropsychiatric disease clusters. Supporting the one health concept, abundant exposure of domestic animals and pets to the same groups of toxic substances related to their diseases has recently become more evident. The prevalence of these preventable diseases showed an increase in parallel to industrialization and modernization and epidemiologic exposure to culprit substances throughout the whole world, with a substantial public health burden reaching trillions of dollars each year. Impact statement Modern environmental exposures compromise epithelial barriers, triggering inflammation, microbial dysbiosis, and chronic disease clusters-atopic, autoimmune, metabolic, neuropsychiatric. These preventable conditions now affect millions and impose a public health and economic burden of trillions annually in healthcare costs and lost productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12142,"journal":{"name":"FEBS Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FEBS LettersPub Date : 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.70115
Siobhán O'Sullivan, Lu Qi, Pierre Zalloua
{"title":"From omics to AI-mapping the pathogenic pathways in type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Siobhán O'Sullivan, Lu Qi, Pierre Zalloua","doi":"10.1002/1873-3468.70115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the biochemical pathways and interorgan cross talk underlying type 2 diabetes (T2D) is essential for elucidating its pathophysiology. These pathways provide a mechanistic framework linking molecular dysfunction to clinical phenotypes, enabling patient stratification based on dominant metabolic disturbances. Advances in multi-omics, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, microbiomics, and metabolomics, offer a systems-level view connecting genetic variants and regulatory elements to disease traits. Single-cell technologies further refine this perspective by identifying cell-type-specific drivers of β-cell failure, hepatic glucose dysregulation, and adipose inflammation. AI-driven analytics and machine learning integrate these high-dimensional datasets, uncovering molecular signatures and regulatory networks involved in insulin signaling, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, and immune-metabolic cross talk. This review synthesizes current evidence on T2D's molecular architecture, emphasizing key pathways such as PI3K-Akt, AMPK, mTOR, JNK, and sirtuins. It also explores the role of gut microbiota in modulating host metabolism and inflammation. Adopting a pathway-centric systems biology approach moves beyond statistical associations toward mechanistic insight. Integrating multi-omics with AI-based modeling represents a transformative strategy for stratifying patients and guiding precision therapies in diabetes care. Impact statement This review translates complex biochemical pathways into therapeutic direction for type 2 diabetes, addressing a critical gap between molecular research and clinical care. By integrating multi-omics, AI, and systems biology, it empowers the scientific community to develop targeted interventions that reduce the global burden of this escalating metabolic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12142,"journal":{"name":"FEBS Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}