SRPN: Employment (Topic)最新文献

Green Human Resource Management and Organisational Sustainability of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria 尼日利亚储蓄银行的绿色人力资源管理与组织可持续性

SRPN: Employment (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3504961

Friday Ogbu Edeh (PhD), Clarance Nkasirim Okwurume

引用次数: 5

Work Inspections as a Control Mechanism for Mitigating Work Accidents in Europe 欧洲工作检查作为减少工作事故的控制机制

SRPN: Employment (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-08-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3433514

Esteban Lafuente, Viviana Daza

引用次数: 7

Water Aroused the Girls’ Hearts: Gendering Water and Soil Conservation in 1950s China 水唤醒少女的心:1950年代中国水土保持的性别化

SRPN: Employment (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-07-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3417336

Micah S. Muscolino

{"title":"Water Aroused the Girls’ Hearts: Gendering Water and Soil Conservation in 1950s China","authors":"Micah S. Muscolino","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3417336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3417336","url":null,"abstract":"This article contributes to recent efforts to demonstrate the significance of gender in shaping human-environment interactions through an in-depth study of a model collective in the water and soil conservation campaigns that the People’s Republic of China (PRC) launched during the early 1950s. Dengjiabao village in Gansu province’s Wushan county earned nationwide recognition in these state-led efforts to check erosion, prevent downstream sedimentation, and boost agricultural production in Northwest China’s Loess Plateau. The state-sponsored publications that praised Dengjiabao’s achievements in the first decade of the PRC presented conservation in distinctly gendered terms. Propaganda materials asserted that improvements in environmental conditions and standards of living achieved through conservation efforts would reconfigure gender relations by enabling unmarried men in poor, resource-starved villages like Dengjiabao to find wives. But during the actual campaigns, as oral history interviews and local archives make evident, rural women had to balance the heavy physical labor of transforming the landscape with household work responsibilities. Water and soil conservation depended on the female workforce throughout the 1950s, and mass mobilization for large-scale conservation efforts during the Great Leap Forward (1958-1961) imbued women’s labor with even greater importance. The highly-militarized conservation campaigns of the Great Leap, and the famine to which they contributed, subjected rural women to burdens that directly affected their domestic lives, damaged their reproductive health, and had enduring corporeal effects.","PeriodicalId":121308,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Employment (Topic)","volume":"488 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130843448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Poverty Reduction Through Pro-Poor Tourism: A Case Study of Handicraft Sector of Varanasi 通过扶贫旅游减少贫困:以瓦拉纳西手工业部门为例

SRPN: Employment (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-04-25 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3387889

M. Mehrotra

{"title":"Poverty Reduction Through Pro-Poor Tourism: A Case Study of Handicraft Sector of Varanasi","authors":"M. Mehrotra","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3387889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3387889","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism continues to be a major activity in India, which inevitably produces economic, political, social, cultural and ecological consequences. In India, Tourism has created employment opportunities for airline executives, hotel sales managers, structural engineers, city planners, horticulturists, computer programmers, artisans, textiles workers, etc. In spite of its growth, it has not reached out to the masses because the net benefits accrue only to a limited segment of the society, to say, big business agents. It is an imperative duty of the so-called richer class to reach out the benefits directly to the Pro-Poor People who are actually working into the tourism sector day and night. Thus, Pro-Poor Tourism (PPT) is tourism that results in increased net benefits for poor people or marginalized section of the society. The aim of this paper is to explore the prospects and challenges of â€˜pro-poor tourism strategiesâ€™ and its significance in poverty reduction by generating employment in handicraft sector of Varanasi in order to identify useful lessons and good practice for livelihood and capacity building, leadership and community development for sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":121308,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Employment (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129068101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Inequality and the Economic Participation of Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Empirical Investigation 不平等与撒哈拉以南非洲妇女的经济参与:一项实证调查

SRPN: Employment (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-01-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3393876

S. Asongu, N. Odhiambo

引用次数: 12

Quality of Workforce and Investments in Human Capital 劳动力质量与人力资本投资

SRPN: Employment (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-04-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3499858

Irada Nabiyeva

引用次数: 0

Insights Into Some Examples of Triggering the Process of Social Adaptation 触发社会适应过程的一些例子的见解

SRPN: Employment (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-11-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3143185

V. Terziev

引用次数: 5

Unemployment in a Just Economy 公平经济中的失业问题

SRPN: Employment (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-06-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2815370

J. Komlos

{"title":"Unemployment in a Just Economy","authors":"J. Komlos","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2815370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2815370","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is based on the ideas of political philosopher John Rawls who suggested that a just society is one which would be created behind a “veil of ignorance”, that is to say, without knowing where one would end up in the society’s distribution of talent and other attributes valued in the labor market. Today’s labor market does not meet this criterion inasmuch as risk averse people would not be willing to enter it at random, being too concerned about ending up among the excluded, i.e., those without full time jobs which today in the U.S. is still 10% of the labor force or some 15 million people (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). This is substantial but it does not even include about 5 million additional people who have dropped out of the labor force altogether or the 2.3 million convicts in jail. Thus, a just labor market would strive for full employment beyond the implications of NAIRU. The latter concept is actually misleading, because most economists and commentators in the media equate it with “full employment”. As a consequence, endemic and large scale un- and underemployment is accepted as an inevitable attribute of the labor market. This is insidious inasmuch as the concept assumes that the institutional structure of the labor market is held constant. According to Rawlsian principles the aim should be to bring unemployment down to the minimum feasible rate which in the U.S. is most likely around 1.2%,--the rate which prevailed in 1944 and which probably represents an attainable lower bound. Instead of the prevailing system, the right to work needs to be recognized as a natural right, because the right to life depends upon it. Several ways are proposed to create an inclusive labor market that distributes the available work in a more equitable fashion than the current system and envisions a just economy on Rawlsian principles that risk-averse people would be willing to enter at random.","PeriodicalId":121308,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Employment (Topic)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127258404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthetic Control Estimation Beyond Case Studies: Does the Minimum Wage Reduce Employment? 案例研究之外的综合控制评估:最低工资会减少就业吗?

SRPN: Employment (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-02-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2791789

David Powell

{"title":"Synthetic Control Estimation Beyond Case Studies: Does the Minimum Wage Reduce Employment?","authors":"David Powell","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2791789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2791789","url":null,"abstract":"Panel data are often used in empirical work to account for additive fixed time and unit effects. More recently, the synthetic control estimator relaxes the assumption of additive fixed effects for case studies, using pre-treatment outcomes to create a weighted average of other units which best approximate the treated unit. The synthetic control estimator is currently limited to case studies in which the treatment variable can be represented by a single indicator variable. Applying this estimator more generally, such as applications with multiple treatment variables or a continuous treatment variable, is problematic. This paper generalizes the case study synthetic control estimator to permit estimation of the effect of multiple treatment variables, which can be discrete or continuous. The estimator jointly estimates the impact of the treatment variables and creates a synthetic control for each unit. Additive fixed effect models are a special case of this estimator. Because the number of units in panel data and synthetic control applications is often small, I discuss an inference procedure for fixed N. The estimation technique generates correlations across clusters so the inference procedure will also account for this dependence. Simulations show that the estimator works well even when additive fixed effect models do not. I estimate the impact of the minimum wage on the employment rate of teenagers. I estimate an elasticity of -0.44, substantially larger than estimates generated using additive fixed effect models, and reject the null hypothesis that there is no effect.","PeriodicalId":121308,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Employment (Topic)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116739112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

On the Measurement of Employment Intensity of Agricultural Growth 农业增长的就业强度测度研究

SRPN: Employment (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-02-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2944527

Mohd Azhar Abdul Karim, V. Gan

{"title":"On the Measurement of Employment Intensity of Agricultural Growth","authors":"Mohd Azhar Abdul Karim, V. Gan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2944527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2944527","url":null,"abstract":"Employment is the bedrock of a functioning economy for any nation wishing to progress and prosper. It is of great importance for policy makers to be able to measure the employment intensity of a nation’s economy to identify regions of productive employment growth. Employment intensity has traditionally been measured in relation national economic growth typically as ratios. However, ratios are naturally biased and unbalanced. This does not allow the observer to take into account the differences in regions that may differ greatly in socioeconomic structure. For instance, some regions may be mired in poverty while others prosper greatly although both may show employment growth. This may instead indicate that employment is transferring from low productivity sectors into high productivity sectors instead of actual growth in the agricultural sector. Thus, we propose a new measure of employment growth focusing on the agricultural sector which we call the “Employment Intensity Index” which is symmetrical, proportional and scale invariant to regional differences. The index provides a single number that is comparable, simple and growth sensitive across all types of economic sectors across all differing policies within those sectors/regions regardless of the GDP/geographic size of sector/region. We then proceed to show its applicability.","PeriodicalId":121308,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Employment (Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123374481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1