Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité最新文献

{"title":"Considerations for the study of individual differences in gaze control during expert visual anticipation: an exploratory study","authors":"Harry Ramsey, C. Button, K. Davids, Guillaume Hacques, L. Seifert, M. Dicks","doi":"10.1051/SM/2020006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2020006","url":null,"abstract":"Recent perspectives for the study of perceptual-motor expertise have highlighted the importance for considering variability in gaze behaviour. The present paper explores the prevalence of variability in gaze behaviour in an anticipation task through examining goalkeepers gaze behaviours when saving soccer penalty kicks, with a primary focus on offering new considerations for the study of variability in gaze behaviour. A subset of data from five goalkeepers in the previously published article of Dicks et al. (2010) (Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 72(3), 706–720) were reanalysed, with a focus on ten successful penalty saves for each goalkeeper. As the aim was to conduct exploratory analyses of individual differences in goalkeeping performance, data were not averaged across participants and instead intra- and inter-individual differences are described using descriptive statistics. The main observation was that variation in the goalkeepers’ gaze behaviours existed and were evident both between and within individuals, specifically with regards to quiet eye duration but also for percentage viewing time and visual search patterns. However, QE location appeared to represent the only invariant gaze measure with the location being on the ball for the majority of trials. The current exploratory analysis suggested that experienced goalkeepers did not converge on the same gaze patterns during successful anticipation performance. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to extant gaze behaviour literature before considering implications for future research.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130535389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construire et assurer l’héritage des Jeux olympiques et paralympiques. Pour une inclusion sportive durable des personnes vivant des situations de handicap","authors":"Rémi Richard, A. Marcellini, Athanasios Pappous, Hélène Joncheray, S. Férez","doi":"10.1051/sm/2019031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/sm/2019031","url":null,"abstract":"Mobiliser les Jeux olympiques et paralympiques pour construire une société plus inclusive et solidaire est au cœur du projet « Paris 2024 ». À ce titre, améliorer la visibilité et la participation sportive des personnes handicapées est une ambition forte de l’héritage de Jeux paralympiques. Cet article a pour objectif de faire un bilan des travaux de recherche portant sur les héritages des Jeux paralympiques passés afin de pouvoir penser la construction de l’héritage de Paris 2024 en matière d’inclusion des personnes handicapées. Nous nous centrerons plus spécifiquement sur trois dimensions de cet héritage : la mise en image et la visibilité des sportifs paralympiques, l’effet « levier » des Jeux paralympiques sur la participation sportive de masse et sa coordination, et enfin l’accès à la pratique sportive de haut niveau des personnes handicapées.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"25 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128538591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition for master athletes: from challenges to optimisation strategies","authors":"J. Louis, F. Vercruyssen, O. Dupuy, T. Bernard","doi":"10.1051/SM/2019019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2019019","url":null,"abstract":"Master athletes are genuine examples of successful ageing thanks to their capacity of maintaining a high level of sports performance during their entire life. Within the last decade many studies have focused on the evolution of performance in many sports with ageing, as well as on the training modalities to reach such performance. On the contrary, there is a paucity of data on the nutritional habits of master athletes and the question of whether they need to adapt their nutrition to the ageing process remains unsolved. This is within this context of the optimisation of nutrition for master athletes that this review stands. The aim is to identify the potential nutritional challenges encountered by master athletes and how to handle them through adapted nutritional strategies. Given the lack of data specific to master athletes, studies including master athletes are considered as a priority, though we also make inferences based on nutrition for young adults and perturbations induced by ageing in non-athletic populations. The first part of this opinion paper tackles the first challenge faced by master athletes which is the gradual reduction in energy intake with ageing. The second challenge is the anabolic resistance and the need for increased protein intake. The third nutritional challenge we present is the episodes of metabolic crisis master athletes may face throughout life. Finally, we gather the main nutritional recommendations for master athletes and suggest the next stage of research.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114534059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulating own and teammates’ emotions prior to competition","authors":"Andrew P Friesen, D. Stanley, T. Devonport, A. Lane","doi":"10.1051/SM/2019014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2019014","url":null,"abstract":"We examined intra- and interpersonal emotion regulation in the hour prior to athletic competition. Specifically, we investigated the extent to which differences between experienced and desired emotions were related to emotion regulation processes. Participants (n = 114) from team/doubles sport rated their experienced and desired emotions before a recent competition, and listed strategies used to regulate emotions reporting frequency, effectiveness, and self-efficacy for each strategy used. They followed the same procedure in relation to perceived emotions in a teammate. Results show athletes who experienced emotions close to their desired states reported significantly higher regulatory emotional self-efficacy than those further from their desired states. Further, their emotion regulation strategies were used more frequently and were more effective. Qualitative results indicated that participants attempted to regulate similar emotions in themselves and others, but used different strategies to accomplish these tasks to different degrees of frequency. The findings highlight the role of self-efficacy in emotion regulation; an individual difference variable which merits attention in future emotion regulation interventions.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128674169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical exercise program, a strategy to prevent cardiotoxicity in early breast cancer: A literature review","authors":"Quentin Jacquinot, N. Méneveau, B. Degano, F. Mougin","doi":"10.1051/SM/2018016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2018016","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer, the most common in women, is a cancer of good prognosis. During this last decade, the improvement of cancer screening and treatment has significantly increased disease-free and overall survival. However, the chemotherapy, especially based on anthracyclines, and targeted therapies like trastuzumab have a toxicity to the cardiovascular system. If physical exercise is recognized as beneficial in tertiary prevention, especially by reducing fatigue, improving the physiological capacities of exercise, muscle strength and ultimately quality of life, conversely, few data are available on the effects of exercise on treatment-induced cardiotoxicity. This review, based on the PubMed database, presents the results of preclinical and clinical studies showing that physical exercise, by its cardioprotective role, increases the antioxidant capacity, reduces oxidative stress, maintains the left ventricular ejection fraction at a normal value and improves diastolic functions during and after treatment. Regular physical exercise should be an integral part of supportive care in oncology but it is necessary, in future studies, to determine its modalities for a better prevention of the cardiotoxicity of the treatments.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114954060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effet d’une intervention en activité physique adaptée sur le niveau de compassion des détenus","authors":"F. Dosseville, Ivan Raça, Manon Dugué, Florian Lecavelier","doi":"10.1051/SM/2018023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2018023","url":null,"abstract":"Depuis 2009, les détenus français peuvent bénéficier de la pratique régulière d’activités physiques et sportives. Toutefois, les travaux examinant l’influence de ces pratiques en milieu carcéral restent peu nombreux. Nous suggérons que pour des détenus condamnés pour violence grave, la pratique d’une activité physique adaptée (APA) ait un impact positif sur leur niveau de compassion. Treize détenus condamnés ont participé à deux séances d’APA (i.e., cécifoot et handibasket). Le questionnaire de compassion Pommier, [Pommier, E.A. (2010). The compassion scale. Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Austin: University of Texas] avec 6 sous-échelles était utilisé avant puis après ces séances. Les dimensions bienveillance et humanité commune ont augmenté de manière significative alors que la dimension indifférence a diminué significativement. Les résultats de cette recherche interventionnelle permettent d’examiner le rôle de l’APA en milieu carcéral et son impact sur le niveau de compassion des détenus. Cette première étude exploratoire ouvre de nouvelles perspectives pour les travaux avec cette population spécifique.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134056075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Privation de sommeil, syndrome dʼapnées obstructives du sommeil et obésité de lʼadolescent : place des APA dans la prévention et le traitement de ces troubles","authors":"J. Roche, V. Gillet, F. Mougin","doi":"10.1051/SM/2018015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2018015","url":null,"abstract":"De par la modification du mode de vie, le rythme veille-sommeil est négligé, et le manque de sommeil est devenu aujourdʼhui une préoccupation majeure de santé publique. Chez les jeunes, lʼutilisation inadaptée des écrans le soir et la nuit chez les jeunes est à lʼorigine dʼun retard de phase et dʼune restriction de sommeil. Bien que la relation réciproque entre obésité et privation de sommeil soit déjà reconnue, il est important de comprendre les mécanismes (comportementaux, endocriniens…) conduisant lʼadolescent à une augmentation de la masse corporelle. Par ailleurs, lʼobésité est associée à une modification de lʼarchitecture du sommeil et au développement du syndrome dʼapnées obstructives du sommeil. Lʼobjectif de cette revue est de faire un état des lieux, des causes et conséquences dʼune privation de sommeil sur la santé et le sommeil de lʼadolescent obèse, et dʼidentifier le rôle des activités physiques adaptées dans la prévention et le traitement de lʼobésité et du syndrome dʼapnées obstructives du sommeil.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126376079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A latent profile analysis revealed different categories of patients in anorexia nervosa: proposal of guidelines in adapted physical activity","authors":"L. Kern, N. Godart, L. Tailhardat, Amandine Peguet, M. Grall-Bronnec, L. Fautrelle","doi":"10.1051/SM/2018022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2018022","url":null,"abstract":"Anorexia nervosa (AN) is frequently associated with anxiety, depression, and problematic exercise (PE). These uncontrolled physical activities inducing resistance to the therapeutic protocols. Some recent studies demonstrated that adding controlled and adapted physical activities (APA) in the therapeutic protocol was more positive for AN patients than the usual physical activity suppression. The aim of the present study was to highlight different profiles of AN patients in order to better individually adapt the physical activity programs, and thus the therapeutic impact of the future APA programs. Problematic exercises, cardio-respiratory fitness, perceived fitness and mood were measured in fifty-two AN patients [all females, 17.15 (± 2.22) years old, BMI = 16.49(± 1.54)] from three different French therapeutic centers. Then, a latent profile analysis allowed to exhibit 3 classes corresponding to 3 different profiles of AN patients. A first patient profile was characterized by proven PE with lower anxiety and depression. A second profile exhibited a moderate PE coupled with a high level of anxiety and depression. The last profile revealed patients without any PE, and medium scores in the other variables. These results lead to propose different angles and objectives to design and improve future APA programs according to these patient profiles.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128414752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of long-term effect of pedestrian signage with time travel indication in Grenoble city (France)","authors":"Anna Borowik, D. Tessier, M. Guinot, P. Flore","doi":"10.1051/SM/2018021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2018021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: French population does not achieve recommended physical activity (PA) level. Promoting walking as an active transport mode through urban environment is a recommended strategy to maintain health. This study assessed long-term effect (1 year) of pedestrian signage in the city of Grenoble (France). The first part of our study focused on the attendance of general population living in Grenoble on two important crossroads in a neighborhood equipped with pedestrian signage. The second one studied the receptiveness to this signage of low to moderate socioeconomic status Grenoble citizens living in this neighborhood. In addition, we tried to evidence the potential impact of this signage in the latter population in term of walking activity, cardiometabolic health and motivation toward PA. Methods: For the first part of the study, we compared the attendance (number of passages manual counting) in Grenoble general population on 2 crossroads in a neighborhood equipped with signage (PSN) with 2 crossroads of a similar neighborhood not equipped (CN). For the second part of the study, we planned to specifically recruit 140 subjects (electoral lists, brochures, phone calls and mailing) in these two neighborhoods (pedestrian signage group: PSG; control group: CG). These subjects were proposed to participate in a follow-up of their health during one year. We asked if they have seen the pedestrian signage and compared these groups on daily steps number (pedometer), cardiometabolic risk (SCORE) and motivation toward PA (Self-Regulation Questionnaire for exercise) over one year period. Results: For the first part of the study, the attendance slightly increased between June and December (effect size: 0.5; p < 0.05) in PSN suggesting a transitory effect of the signage in general population. For the second part, only forty-two subjects (22 in PSG and 20 in CG) accepted to participate in this study. We failed to include low to moderate socio-economic citizens. Seventy percent of the recruited subjects did not see the pedestrian signage. This sample did not change its walking activity level, cardiometabolic risk as well as PA motivation. Conclusion: On the basis of attendance study, such a pedestrian signage might be incentive to increase PA in general population but this needs confirmation. The effects of a larger specific communication associated with this urban environment targeting particular population groups deserve to be studied.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121981732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Résultats préliminaires de l’étude de la prévalence de la cachexie en hématologie au sein de la cohorte HEMODIAG : perspectives de prévention par l’activité physique adaptée","authors":"Joris Mallard, A. Gagez, Olivier Soulier, A. Herbinet, P. Bernard, G. Cartron","doi":"10.1051/SM/2018020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/SM/2018020","url":null,"abstract":"Les lymphomes et le myélome sont des hémopathies malignes traitées par chimiothérapies. Ces traitements favorisent la survenue d’une cachexie, caractérisée par une perte de poids involontaire, entraînant une augmentation du risque de mortalité et une diminution de la qualité de vie. L’objectif principal de cette étude était d’investiguer la prévalence de la cachexie chez les patients atteints d’un lymphome ou d’un myélome au sein de la cohorte HEMODIAG, selon les critères diagnostiques de Fearon et al. et Martin et al. Respectivement, parmi les 146 patients inclus dans notre étude, 16 % des patients sont cachectiques via le critère de Fearon contre 38 % via celui de Martin. Basé sur une matrice de corrélation corrélée à la survie, le score de Martin semble plus pertinent pour évaluer la cachexie. L’activité physique adaptée constituerait un moyen de prévenir la cachexie en agissant sur l’ensemble des mécanismes physiopathologiques, mais aucune étude ne le prouve chez l’humain atteint de cancer. Nos prochains travaux s’attacheront donc à évaluer l’effet préventif d’un programme d’APA supervisé au domicile du patient atteint de lymphome ou de myélome sur la cachexie.","PeriodicalId":121091,"journal":{"name":"Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115807552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}