AIChE JournalPub Date : 2026-04-22DOI: 10.1002/aic.70373
Xiangming Meng, Yani Zhang, Yijun He, Feng Li, Xiaoyan Sun, Shaohui Tao
{"title":"A regularized augmented group contribution method for predicting thermophysical properties of sustainable refrigerants","authors":"Xiangming Meng, Yani Zhang, Yijun He, Feng Li, Xiaoyan Sun, Shaohui Tao","doi":"10.1002/aic.70373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.70373","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional Group Contribution methods (GCMs) cannot reliably distinguish stereoisomers, for example, <jats:italic>cis</jats:italic> – <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic> , because molecular spatial information is not explicitly considered. To address this limitation, a molecular eccentricity descriptor, which represents three‐dimensional molecular shape, is introduced to augment the input features of the GCM. By regularizing estimated parameters of the augmented GCM, a Regularized Augmented Group Contribution (RAGC) framework is further proposed to improve parameter stability and predictive performance. The model is evaluated on a dataset of over 350 refrigerants and benchmarked against conventional GCMs and representative machine learning models. Results show that RAGC achieves high predictive accuracy across five thermophysical properties while retaining clear physical interpretability. Incorporating eccentricity substantially enhances structural discrimination, enabling robust cis–trans and constitutional isomer differentiation. Furthermore, Feature‐importance comparisons () further reveal that models with higher predictive accuracy exhibit stronger consistency with RAGC contribution rankings. Overall, RAGC provides a balanced framework combining accuracy, interpretability, and isomer‐distinguishing ability.","PeriodicalId":120,"journal":{"name":"AIChE Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A mechanistic zonal model of gas–liquid mass transfer for distillation intensified by micro-scale interfacial vortexes","authors":"Peng Yan, Hong Li, Qiuyan Ding, Zhenming Yang, Jinsong Zhang, Xin Gao","doi":"10.1002/aic.70412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.70412","url":null,"abstract":"The complex interplay between strut-induced micro-scale vortexes and the gas–liquid interface fundamentally dictates the mass transfer performance of structured foam packings. However, a mechanistic understanding and accurate modeling of this localized intensification remain elusive. This work integrates high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics simulations based on real foam geometries with theoretical modeling to elucidate these phenomena. We propose a novel mechanistic zonal mass transfer model that explicitly distinguishes between vortex-dominated and vortex-free interfacial zones, which explicitly incorporates local hydrodynamic parameters, such as vorticity and turbulent dissipation rate, to quantify surface renewal intensity. Comparative analysis against six classic models demonstrates that the proposed zonal approach offers superior prediction accuracy by correctly capturing the physics of vortex-enhanced transport. The results reveal that stable micro-scale interfacial vortexes significantly amplify the local mass-transfer coefficient, particularly in the low liquid velocity regime (<i>U</i><sub>l</sub> ≤0.1 m/s). These findings provide a rigorous theoretical basis for optimizing next-generation structured packings.","PeriodicalId":120,"journal":{"name":"AIChE Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147726518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIChE JournalPub Date : 2026-04-21DOI: 10.1002/aic.70409
Guida Li, Jinling Zhang, Hua Li, Wenjie Peng, Lulu Li, Xiangang Ma, Mao Ye, Zhongmin Liu
{"title":"A kinetic model of coke combustion in methanol‐to‐olefins catalyst regeneration: Considering coke species evolution","authors":"Guida Li, Jinling Zhang, Hua Li, Wenjie Peng, Lulu Li, Xiangang Ma, Mao Ye, Zhongmin Liu","doi":"10.1002/aic.70409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.70409","url":null,"abstract":"Methanol‐to‐olefins over SAPO‐34 zeolite catalyst is a strategically important non‐petroleum approach for light olefins (ethylene and propylene) production routes. A distinctive feature of this processes is that the light olefins selectivity is closely to the amount and nature of coke retained within the catalyst due to shape‐selective properties. Thus precise control of residual coke over catalyst during regeneration is equally essential, in terms of light olefins yield regulation, compared to that in the reactor. Herein, the detailed regeneration kinetics were established over a wide temperature range from fixed‐bed experiments distinguishing coke fractions with different properties. The kinetics reveal substantial differences in reactivity and temperature sensitivity among coke species, leading to distinct coke distributions and heat release behaviors under different regeneration conditions. This proposed kinetic framework enables precise control over different coke species during regeneration, thereby allowing targeted regulation of lower olefin selectivity.","PeriodicalId":120,"journal":{"name":"AIChE Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIChE JournalPub Date : 2026-04-20DOI: 10.1002/aic.70416
Yongqiang Cheng, Minghao Song, Qinghua Liu, Fei Zhao, Bin Jiang, Zhigang Lei
{"title":"A cluster-based extension of COSMO-SAC for predicting VLE in inorganic salt solutions","authors":"Yongqiang Cheng, Minghao Song, Qinghua Liu, Fei Zhao, Bin Jiang, Zhigang Lei","doi":"10.1002/aic.70416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.70416","url":null,"abstract":"This study extends the parameter set of the COSMO-SAC model to inorganic salt-containing solution systems for describing their vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) behavior. An equivalent modeling strategy is proposed in which inorganic salts form stable pseudo-neutral clusters composed of cations, anions, and coordinated water molecules that effectively participate in VLE. Representative ion–solvent cluster structures are identified using molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemical calculations and are incorporated into the COSMO-SAC framework as independent components. Without introducing empirical fitting parameters, the extended model reasonably predicts the VLE behavior of dilute aqueous KNO<sub>3</sub>, NaNO<sub>3</sub>, and CaCl<sub>2</sub> solutions under atmospheric pressure. While deviations remain for strong electrolytes due to long-range electrostatic interactions and complex solvation effects, this work demonstrates the feasibility of cluster-based molecular thermodynamic modeling for electrolyte-containing systems.","PeriodicalId":120,"journal":{"name":"AIChE Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147726519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIChE JournalPub Date : 2026-04-20DOI: 10.1002/aic.70407
Heyang Zhu, Huiyang Bi, Jian Sun, Na Wu, Shuang Liu, Youzhi Li, Chen Sun, Zhongjian Li, Yang Hou, Lecheng Lei, Bin Yang
{"title":"One-step ammonia synthesis via a gas–liquid plasma-electrocatalytic tandem reactor with effective proton utilization","authors":"Heyang Zhu, Huiyang Bi, Jian Sun, Na Wu, Shuang Liu, Youzhi Li, Chen Sun, Zhongjian Li, Yang Hou, Lecheng Lei, Bin Yang","doi":"10.1002/aic.70407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.70407","url":null,"abstract":"The electrocatalytic N<sub>2</sub> reduction reaction (ENRR) for sustainable NH<sub>3</sub> synthesis remains constrained by the inertness of the NN bond and strong competition from the hydrogen evolution reaction. We present a gas–liquid plasma-electrocatalytic tandem reactor that integrates non-thermal plasma (NTP) activation of N<sub>2</sub> with efficient H2O-derived proton utilization over a Cu catalyst, enabling one-step NH<sub>3</sub> synthesis under ambient conditions. This system simultaneously dissociates N2 into active nitrogen components (ANCs) and optimizes atomic hydrogen (*H) adsorption in strong acid (pH ≤ 1). The synergistic NTP-ERR process demonstrates a record NH<sub>3</sub> production rate of 150.2 μmol/h at ~20 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>—exceeding conventional ENRR by over 150-fold and surpassing the sum of separate NTP and ERR processes. Mechanism studies indicate NH<sub>3</sub> forms mainly via direct coupling of ANCs with *H on Cu(111), with a secondary pathway involving NO<sub><i>x</i></sub><sup>−</sup> reduction. The system's specific energy consumption (1161 kWh/kg NH<sub>3</sub>) outperforms existing plasma-assisted technologies. Compatible with renewable electricity, this strategy overcomes key limitations in nitrogen fixation and HER suppression, offering a practical route to decentralized ammonia production.","PeriodicalId":120,"journal":{"name":"AIChE Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147726521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIChE JournalPub Date : 2026-04-20DOI: 10.1002/aic.70417
Xin Luo, Yifan Liu, Zining Dong, Zheyang Liu, Chen Chen, Zengshuo Feng, Xiaoyong Du, Min Zhou, Weidong Shi, Zhifeng Jiang
{"title":"Imide-site molecular engineering of perylene diimides for selective carbon dioxide photoreduction","authors":"Xin Luo, Yifan Liu, Zining Dong, Zheyang Liu, Chen Chen, Zengshuo Feng, Xiaoyong Du, Min Zhou, Weidong Shi, Zhifeng Jiang","doi":"10.1002/aic.70417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.70417","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid accumulation of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) from anthropogenic activities presents an urgent challenge for sustainable energy conversion. Designing efficient organic semiconductors for photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction is hindered by the intricate coupling between molecular structure, supramolecular assembly, and charge-transfer dynamics. Here, we present a systematic imide-site functionalization strategy for perylene diimide (PDI), introducing carboxyl, urea, amino, and imidazole groups to regulate supramolecular stacking and optoelectronic properties. Among these derivatives, PDI-COOH delivers a superior CO evolution rate of 12.78 μmol g<sup>−1</sup>, representing a seven-fold enhancement over pristine PDI, coupled with exceptional long-term photostability. Structural analyses reveal that carboxyl functionalization promotes highly ordered one-dimensional nanorod assemblies via optimized intermolecular hydrogen bonding, leading to bandgap narrowing and accelerated charge separation. Density functional theory calculations further demonstrate that PDI-COOH exhibits a downshifted conduction band, enhanced electronic delocalization, and a reduced energy barrier for *COOH formation, favoring a two-electron CO<sub>2</sub> reduction pathway. <i>In situ</i> Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy identifies *COOH as the key intermediate, corroborating the theoretical predictions. This work underscores the pivotal role of precise imide-site functionalization in tuning the intrinsic redox potential and surface basicity of organic catalysts, providing a theoretical framework for the development of high-performance, metal-free systems for sustainable solar-to-fuel conversion.","PeriodicalId":120,"journal":{"name":"AIChE Journal","volume":"279 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147732052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diffusion-driven design of Pd-C6/BN: Effect of [Cnmim][Cl] alkyl chain length on acetylene semi-hydrogenation mechanism","authors":"Qianjun Zhang, Yuanjing Fan, Zihao Sun, Shengwei Wang, Feng Feng, Jia Zhao, Chunshan Lu, Qingtao Wang, Jinjun Guo, Qunfeng Zhang, Xiaonian Li","doi":"10.1002/aic.70402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.70402","url":null,"abstract":"Selective hydrogenation of trace acetylene in ethylene-rich streams is essential for polymer-grade ethylene. We prepared Pd-C<sub><i>n</i></sub>/BN catalysts (<i>n</i> = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) via a simple impregnation-reduction method using imidazolium chlorides with varied alkyl chains as modifiers. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that H₂ diffuses about three orders of magnitude faster than C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> in [C<sub><i>n</i></sub>mim][Cl], allowing preferential access of H<sub>2</sub> to palladium (Pd) sites. Longer alkyl chains reduce overall gas diffusion but enlarge the C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> diffusion difference, helping suppress over-hydrogenation. Catalytic tests identify Pd-C<sub>6</sub>/BN as the most active and selective catalyst; optimized 0.1Pd-30C<sub>6</sub>/BN delivers 99% C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> conversion and 90% C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> selectivity at 170°C with stable performance over 120 h. Characterization and density functional theory show that [C<sub>6</sub>mim]Cl remains structurally intact, preferentially interacts with Pd, suppresses β-PdH<sub>X</sub> formation, tunes Pd electronic structure and adsorption, and facilitates Pd reduction, underpinning the excellent catalytic performance.","PeriodicalId":120,"journal":{"name":"AIChE Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147719711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scalable Ru/YHO catalysts for green ammonia production: From laboratory to pilot scale","authors":"Xue Wang, Feiyang Tian, Ya Tang, Zixian Song, Liang Tang, Fanyi Kong, Wenqian Chen","doi":"10.1002/aic.70414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.70414","url":null,"abstract":"Green ammonia production offers a pathway to carbon-neutral fertilizers, yet industrial synthesis remains dominated by the energy-intensive Haber–Bosch process. While Ru-based catalysts exhibit promising activity under mild laboratory conditions, their scalability and operational stability in practical systems remain unproven. Here, we bridge this critical gap by using a modular, bench-scale reactor system to evaluate Ru/YHO catalysts across laboratory-to-pilot transitions. A 2 wt% Ru/YHO catalyst with 200 mg loading in a laboratory reactor achieved an ammonia formation rate of 17,415 μmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> at 5 MPa. When scaled to a 300 g catalyst, it maintained a sustained NH<sub>3</sub> yield of 10%. Compared with the conventional Haber–Bosch process, the pilot system can be powered by intermittent wind and solar energy to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions. This work offers a practical route for integrating renewable energy into ammonia production and demonstrates a model for translating laboratory-scale catalytic advances into carbon-neutral industrial technologies.","PeriodicalId":120,"journal":{"name":"AIChE Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147719713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIChE JournalPub Date : 2026-04-19DOI: 10.1002/aic.70411
Qinhao Wu, Yu Guo, Yueqi Wang, Biaohua Chen, Salal Hasan Khudaida, Gabriele Sadowski, Christoph Held, Gangqiang Yu
{"title":"Hydrogen-bond-directed coordination environment for enhanced transition-metal recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Qinhao Wu, Yu Guo, Yueqi Wang, Biaohua Chen, Salal Hasan Khudaida, Gabriele Sadowski, Christoph Held, Gangqiang Yu","doi":"10.1002/aic.70411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.70411","url":null,"abstract":"This work developed a novel strategy for enhancing selective extraction of transition-metal ions (Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup>, and Mn<sup>2+</sup>) from spent lithium-ion batteries by the so-called “hydrogen bond (HB) network to manipulate coordination environment” in the deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of octanoic acid (OctA), procaine (Pro), N,N-di (1-methylheptyl) acetamide (N503) ([OctA][Pro][N503]). The DES demonstrated the ultra-high extraction efficiency (99.8%) of transition-metal ions and separation selectivities for <i>β</i><sub>Co</sub><sup>2+</sup><sub>/Li</sub><sup>+</sup>, <i>β</i><sub>Ni</sub><sup>2+</sup><sub>/Li</sub><sup>+</sup>, and <i>β</i><sub>Mn</sub><sup>2+</sup><sub>/Li</sub><sup>+</sup> of 24,122, 64,782, and 35,439, respectively, outperforming other DESs reported from literature to date. The molecular-level mechanism on enhancing extraction of transition-metal ions was revealed by spectral analyses, quantum chemical (QC) calculations, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, namely (i) enhancing the coordination probability between transition-metal ions and DES through densifying HB networks and (ii) increasing coordination intensity by modulating HB interactions within DESs. This work provides theoretical guidance for rational design of efficient DESs for recycling valuable metals from spent LIBs.","PeriodicalId":120,"journal":{"name":"AIChE Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147719830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AIChE JournalPub Date : 2026-04-18DOI: 10.1002/aic.70361
Iftkhar Ahmad, Hong Zheng, Daud Hussain, Mudasir Ahmad, Baoliang Zhang
{"title":"Nitrogen rich barbituric acid-derived porous organic polymer for efficient radioactive iodine adsorption","authors":"Iftkhar Ahmad, Hong Zheng, Daud Hussain, Mudasir Ahmad, Baoliang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/aic.70361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.70361","url":null,"abstract":"Driven by the growth in nuclear energy consumption, the capture of hazardous contaminants like radioactive iodine poses a critical challenge. Porous organic polymers (POPs) offer a promising solution as efficient adsorbents. In this work, we report the synthesis of two nitrogen-rich POPs, BA-Mel and BA-TAPT, via an imine condensation reaction. The presence of abundant nitrogen atoms and phenyl rings provides abundant active sites for the efficient adsorption of radioactive iodine in both the liquid and gas phases. In the gas phase, BA-Mel showed an iodine uptake of 4.0 g g<sup>−1</sup>, while BA-TAPT achieved 4.7 g g<sup>−1</sup>. While in hexane and simulated seawater, BA-Mel exhibits superior adsorption capacity due to its highly porous structure, high nitrogen content, large surface area, and excellent dispersion in solution. Overall, this study highlights that incorporating nitrogen-rich sites into POP is a viable approach for developing highly effective adsorbents for the capture of iodine.","PeriodicalId":120,"journal":{"name":"AIChE Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}