Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of the efficacy of paclitaxel combined with bevacizumab intraperitoneal instillation in common gastrointestinal malignant peritoneal effusions and screening of prognostic indicators.","authors":"Yucong Li, Xuguang Mi, Xiaonan Li, Xiao-Nan Li, Ying Yang, Ying Zhou, Xianzhuo Jiang, Yingying Yu, Zhiqiang Ni, JunZi Zhang, Xiuying Lin, Yanqiu Fang, Junjie Hou","doi":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2522251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14737140.2025.2522251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates the efficacy of paclitaxel combined with bevacizumab in the treatment of malignant gastrointestinal tumors with malignant ascites and screens for biomarkers that predict efficacy.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling 92 eligible patients who received either paclitaxel combined with bevacizumab or paclitaxel monotherapy. Efficacy was assessed, and biomarkers predictive of treatment efficacy were screened using indicators such as disease control rate, objective response rate, LA, LDH, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The disease control rate (91.18%) and objective response rate (61.76%) in both the treatment group and the control group were significantly better than those in the control group. In the treatment group, non-PD group, and remission group, LA and LDH levels decreased significantly with increasing number of treatments, while the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio increased significantly. There was no significant difference between the control group and the non-relief group after treatment. The trend of changes after PD treatment was opposite to that mentioned above. There was no statistically significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that the combination of paclitaxel and bevacizumab is more effective and that LA, LDH, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ can predict treatment efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12099,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of Nivolumab and ipilimumab for the treatment of resectable stage III melanoma.","authors":"Alistair McCombe, Alexander C J van Akkooi","doi":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2522944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14737140.2025.2522944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Twenty years ago, surgery was the centerpiece of treatment for cutaneous melanoma, including for resectable stage III and IV patients. The arrival of effective systemic therapies in the early 2010s has led to the abandonment of less effective traditional chemotherapeutic agents, a reduction in surgical excision margins, and a smaller set of indications for lymph node dissection. A more recent shift has been from adjuvant to neo-adjuvant immunotherapy for resectable macroscopic stage III melanoma. The speed at which the field is progressing, and the frequency of important publications on the topic, mean that regular review articles are useful to the scientific and wider community to keep abreast of this rapidly changing environment. PubMed and Cochrane databases were used to perform the literature search.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We have contextualized the emergence of ipilimumab and nivolumab in the adjuvant and neo-adjuvant treatment of resectable stage III melanoma with discussion of pivotal studies, and how they influence the current guidelines.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The future is looking brighter for patients with Stage III melanoma. The pendulum has swung away from radical surgery, and toward less invasive procedures and bespoke systemic treatment options based on tumor characteristics, patient factors, and response to neo-adjuvant therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12099,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of abiraterone in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: a stratified meta-analysis based on subgroups of low or high disease volume and reconstructed individual patient data.","authors":"Fuxun Zhang, Zhirong Luo, Qi Xue, Xuyan Guo, Qiang Fu, Yong Jiao, Wei Zhang, Yang Xiong, Pati-Alam Alisha, Uzoamaka Adaobi Okoli, Geng Zhang","doi":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2522981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14737140.2025.2522981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The efficacy of abiraterone in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) across different disease volumes remains uncertain. This meta-analysis aims to clarify benefit of abiraterone in low- and high-volume subgroups using full analysis set and reconstructed individual patient data (IPD).</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Phase III randomized clinical trials of abiraterone were selected. IPD for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and cancer-specific survival were reconstructed. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to assess the efficacy, and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs were used to summarized adverse events. Survival analysis was performed using Cox hazards model based on the reconstructed IPD. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran's Q and I².</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data for 3182 patients were analyzed. In the overall population, abiraterone improved OS (HR: 0.66, 95% CI 0.59-0.73) and PFS (HR: 0.51, 95% CI 0.45-0.58). Subgroup analyses showed consistent OS benefit of abiraterone across low- and high-volume subgroups (HR: 0.71 and 0.64), and PFS benefit in counterparts (HR: 0.49 and 0.46). Grade 1-2 adverse events were reduced in abiraterone group (RR 0.66), while grade 3-4 events increased (RR 1.33). Heterogeneity was low except for PFS in low-volume subgroup. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that abiraterone significantly improved OS and PFS across all subgroups (All <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adding abiraterone provided significant survival benefits in patients with mHSPC regardless of disease volume. Future investigation should aim to drive more personalized therapies and validate these findings in real world setting.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO: ;(CRD420251028079).</p>","PeriodicalId":12099,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for TKIs-resistant, EGFR-Mutant, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase 3 RCTs based meta-analysis.","authors":"Xi Chen, Jianhua Zhao, Wenxiong Zhang, Xueming Ying","doi":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2522980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14737140.2025.2522980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has emerged as a potential strategy to overcome tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs)-resistant for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy (PIC) compared to chemotherapy alone require further investigation.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were systematically searched from 6 databases. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for survival outcomes and risk ratios (RRs) for responses and adverse events (AEs) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three phase III RCTs were included in the final analysis. The PIC therapy significantly improved overall survival (OS) (HR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-1.00, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.68-0.90, <i>p</i> = 0.0005) compared to chemotherapy alone. While PIC therapy improved survival in the overall population, no significant benefit was observed for patients with brain metastases and non-sensitizing EGFR mutations. However, the incidence of immune-related AEs (irAEs) (RR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.45-2.81, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and grade 3-5 irAEs (RR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.03-3.98, <i>p</i> = 0.04) were increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PIC therapy may provide a survival benefit for patients with TKIs-resistant, EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC. Moreover, this potential benefit should be weighed against the increased risk of irAEs.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO (CRD42024615907).</p>","PeriodicalId":12099,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in laparoscopic management of endometrial cancer.","authors":"Giorgio Bogani, Mario M Leitao, Pedro T Ramirez, Luigi De Vitis, Anna Giudici, Vincenzo Tarantino, Evelyn A Reynolds, Andrea Mariani","doi":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2520965","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2520965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies, with increasing incidence, in developed countries. Advances in minimally invasive surgery, particularly laparoscopic with or without the use of computer-assisted ('robotic') platforms, have transformed its management, improving surgical outcomes and patient recovery.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review explores recent innovations in laparoscopic management of endometrial cancer, including robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery, sentinel lymph node mapping, and the integration of artificial intelligence in surgical navigation. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and clinical trial databases to assess the impact of these advancements on surgical precision, oncologic outcomes, and patient recovery. Major studies comparing robotic-assisted laparoscopy, traditional laparoscopy, and open surgery are reviewed, along with new technologies that support real-time decision-making during surgery.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Minimally invasive approaches have become the standard of care for early-stage endometrial cancer, offering superior perioperative outcomes. While robotic-assisted surgery provides technical advantages, cost and accessibility remain challenges. Sentinel lymph node mapping reduces morbidity compared to full lymphadenectomy, and artificial intelligence holds promise in optimizing surgical precision. Future research should focus on refining these technologies, improving patient selection criteria, and ensuring equitable access to advanced surgical techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":12099,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating PET/CT into breast Cancer care: a review of recent developments.","authors":"Serin Moghrabi, Raghad Mohammad Al-Houwari, Hikmat Abdel-Razeq, Asem Mansour, Miriam Mikhail-Lette, Ahmed Saad Abdlkadir, Saad Ruzzeh, Diana Paez, Christopher Marton, Akram Al-Ibraheem","doi":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2513450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14737140.2025.2513450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women, classified by histopathological type, grade, receptor status, and stage. PET/CT, particularly with ^{1 8} F-FDG, plays a vital role in staging, detecting metastases, and assessing treatment response. This review explores the role of PET/CT in BC management and emerging radiotracers for enhanced diagnosis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus, covering studies from January 2000 to March 2025.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>The paper examines how ^{1 8} F-FDG-PET/CT findings are influenced by BC classifications such as histopathological type, grade, receptor status, and stage. FDG uptake varies across subtypes, affecting prognosis and treatment decisions, with limitations noted in hormone receptor-positive cancers. The review also investigates emerging radiotracers, including those targeting estrogen and HER2 receptors, which may improve diagnostic accuracy and potentially replace ^{1 8} F-FDG in specific settings. Additionally, theranostic approaches are highlighted, offering personalized treatment based on molecular profiles.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>We recommend that physicians incorporate pathological analysis, including histopathological type, grade, and molecular status, when selecting the most appropriate radiotracer for BC diagnostics and treatment. Further research and clinical trials on emerging tracers and theranostic agents are essential to confirm their efficacy and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":12099,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the ketogenic diet still controversial in cancer treatment?","authors":"Rainer Johannes Klement","doi":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2522936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14737140.2025.2522936","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12099,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EGFR-TKI combination treatment for NSCLC with EGFR-sensitive mutation.","authors":"Yuanqiang Wu, Yunfei Li, Lorraine Edna Onzere, Weini Quan, Xueqing Zhang, Jin'an Ma","doi":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2520962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14737140.2025.2520962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have opened up a new therapeutic avenue for EGFR-sensitive mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but their resistance is unavoidable. Overcoming the resistance is desperately desired. Combined treatments are partially efficient to address EGFR-TKIs resistance.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>Combination therapies function through various mechanisms, prevent the enrichment of resistant clones, synergistically enhance efficacy, and delay the onset of resistance. This article reviews the current research of combination therapy based on EGFR-TKIs for EGFR-mutated NSCLC to identify the most effective and least harmful combined regimen. A search of the literature on PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases was performed without filters.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The optimal treatment for EGFR-mutated NSCLC is still an open issue. EGFR-TKIs combined with anti-angiogenic drugs can bring short-term efficacy, but not benefit long-term survival and instead increase adverse reactions (AEs). The short-term efficacy of EGFR-TKIs combined with chemotherapy is clear, but the long-term efficacy varies in different studies, with significant benefits in certain subgroups. EGFR-TKIs combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show a trend toward efficacy benefit, however, their high AEs requires further optimization of the combination regimen.</p>","PeriodicalId":12099,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An update on the therapeutic options for metastatic thymomas and thymic carcinomas.","authors":"Yoshihiro Masui, Yusuke Okuma","doi":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2519858","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2519858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Thymic epithelial tumors are rare cancers originating from the thymus, with an annual incidence of 0.13 per 100,000 persons. Therefore, the standard of care was approved primarily based on the results of single-arm phase II trials. If the disease is resectable and localized, a multidisciplinary treatment combining surgical resection, radiotherapy, and pharmacotherapy should be considered. Pharmacotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for metastatic and recurrent diseases.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review delineates the distinct difference in treatment strategies of chemotherapy in patients with thymomas and thymic carcinomas. Thymomas typically respond to a cisplatin and anthracyclines, often supplemented with steroids, whereas thymic carcinomas, which do not typically involve anthracyclines as key drugs, are treated with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy. Lenvatinib has emerged as a pivotal key drug for refractory thymic carcinoma. In addition, single-agent cytotoxic chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors is considered as key drugs for thymic carcinomas.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Current research is focused on developing novel therapeutics such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), angiogenesis inhibitors, multi-kinase inhibitors, and further immune checkpoint inhibitors, expanding the prospects for pharmacotherapy in thymic malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12099,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiologic and survival analysis for patients with secondary esophageal Cancer: a population-based study and external validation.","authors":"Jie Wang, Jingyun Zha, Xiaoliang Dong, Ping Liu","doi":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2517883","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737140.2025.2517883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a lack of dedicated studies addressing the epidemiology, prognostic factors, and optimal management strategies for secondary esophageal cancer (SEC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study sourced data from the SEER database and an independent external cohort. Annual percentage change (APC) was calculated to qualify the incidence trend. Cox regression was employed for survival analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 13,792 sec cases from the SEER database and 63 cases from the validation cohort were included in this study. The incidence of SEC increased from 0.95 per 100,000 persons in 2000 to 1.2 per 100,000 in 2008, stabilizing thereafter. Survival analysis identified disease stage, age, and tumor location as significant prognostic factors (All <i>p</i> < .05). A prognostic model incorporating these variables demonstrated robust predictive accuracy across training, testing, and validation cohorts, with a C-index of around 0.73. In terms of treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were associated with improved survival, while no significant benefit for younger patients and those with early-stage or squamous cell carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There remains a critical need for early detection methods and the implementation of more personalized treatment strategies. The developed prognostic model provides a framework for risk stratification, supporting the optimization of therapeutic decisions and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12099,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}